NDU Spirit in the Art of Politics-In Any Sphere, Be It Domestic, National, Or Inter- a Periodical About Campus Life National

1 JUNE 2014

Unlike haggling, compromise is probably the finest route to tread NDU Spirit in the art of politics-in any sphere, be it domestic, national, or inter- A periodical about campus life national. at Notre Dame University-Louaize. Tel | 09 208994-6 Compromises are complex processes, involving insight, restraint, Telefax | 09 214205 conviction, and fulfillment backed by a strong will, determination, and www.ndu.edu.lb/research/ndu- intrepidity. press/spirit Any compromiser knows and admits that he owns not and cannot own the truth; rather, he approaches the truth in a welcoming spirit of partnership.

Whenever there are compromises and compromisers, there exist no price negotiations or distinctions between right and wrong. There is flexibility aimed toward striking a balance between two opposing Editor-in-Chief poles… toward the convergence of dialogue … toward mutual benefit and common interest… toward the path of moderation and equity Georges Mghames based on different competences and skills, and various expectations and aspirations where each can excel in his own field. As a result, English Editor the joy of giving would equate with the joy of taking, and the joy of Mario Najm aspiration would equate with the joy of reality. Follow-up The aim of compromise is to ultimately find solutions. Lydia Zgheïb

Obstacles, therefore, should be removed, gaps should be filled, and Photographers views broadened. A. Bejjani M. Bou Chebel There must also exist discernment, consideration, and mutual under- N. Nasr standing… Design There must exist in the heart and mind transparency, sincerity, trust, courage, patience, and consistency as well as brimming enthusiasm. Printing Meouchy & Zakaria

ABSTRACTS www.ndu.edu.lb/research/ndupress

FOR INFORMATION Zouk Mosbeh | Lebanon P.O.Box: 72 Zouk Mikael Tel. | +961 9 208994 - 6 Tel\Fax | + 961 9 214205 email | [email protected]

*N.B. The opinions expressed in NDU Spirit are those of the authors and contributers, and do not necessarily reflect those of the editors. ISSUE 61 2 3 JUNE 2014

• Celebrating Your Next Step 2014 50 CONTENTS • Dean’s Honor List: Spring 2014 51 • Founders’ Day at NLC 53 Editorial 2 • Soccer Show 55

56 Editorial 2 21 33 SHOUF CAMPUS Golden Quote 4 President’s Message (Fr. Walid Moussa) 5 • Celebrating Your Next Step 2014 57 • Dean’s List Awards for FH and FBAE Students 59 Academic and Student Activities 6 • Open Doors at SC 60 • SC Honors High School Principals 61 Conference: “Civil Marriage in Lebanon” 62 CSO • CSO Organizes 3rd NGO Social Fair 8 • SC Celebrates Founders’ Day 2014 63 LERC • Activities and Important Visitors 9 • Event: “Let’s Talk Poetry” 64 SAO • TEDxNDULouaize: “Breaking Boundaries” 12 • • Inter-schools Sports Challenge 2014 15 WEERC • 5th Beirut Water Week 16 GENERAL NEWS 65 FAAD • End-of-year Concert 2014 18 • End of Year Exhibition: EYE 14 – FLUX 19 • Founders’ Day 2014 66 FE • FE Societies’ 2nd Annual Dinner 22 • Job Fair 2014 74 FH • MSF14: Ethics of Digital Media and Online 23 • Job Fair 2014: Gala Dinner 76 Knowledge Production • NDU/FIFA/CIES Sport Management Certificate 25 71 OFFBEAT 77 • 9th International Student Byron Conference 27 • Workshop: “Peace Education in Context” 29 • Bite-size News From Around the World 78 • NDU Attends International Byron Conference 31 36 in Tbilisi, Georgia • Daughters of the Soil: Rima Fakih 81 FNAS • A Journey Beneath the Earth’s Surface 32 • A Journey into the Dormant Seas of Lebanon 34 SOCIAL 82 • “Trees for Life” 36 FNHS • FNHS Organizes Awareness Campaign 38 • Obituaries 83 • Nutrition Fair, Spring 2014 40 80 • Births 83 • Mass for Peter Dagher 83 NORTH LEBANON CAMPUS 41 74 Opinion and Culture 84 • ENG 201 Project 42 • Field Sampling: Amchit and Byblos Coastline 43 • Gene Therapy to Treat Spinal Cord Injury 85 • 2nd IEEE Lebanon LCRD 2014 43 • Life and Its Shapes 87 • Interviewing Naameh Municipality Employees and Visiting 44 • What We Truly Lack 89 its Landfill • The Grammar Police 90 • Seminar: “Old Dwelling Construction” 44 • SCE Students Conduct Beach Clean-up 45 ARTICLES IN FRENCH 91 • NDU Rally Paper-14 45 • Visit of the Dean of the FE and Departments’ Chairs 47 • De la décentralisation 92 • GIS Day at NLC 47 • Si le Liban m'était conté 94 • Presentation 48 • Public Lecture at NLC 48 ISSUE 61 4 5 JUNE 2014

this day must have appeared so far away when you first enrolled, I can assure you that it will become one of your most cherished memories a few years down the line. The best of luck to you as you prepare to face this challenging world; I am confident that you will leave it in a better state than you found it… simply because you are NDU graduates.

On this eventful day, you owe thanks to many people who made a difference in your lives, most especially your families. And always remember your outstanding Faculties and every NDU staff member who worked so tirelessly to support you … Bear in mind, this moment matters to all of them just as much as it matters to you.

Steve Jobs, CEO of Apple Computers and of Pixar Animation Studios, once said, “Your time is limited, so don't waste it living someone else's life. Don't be trapped by dogma—which is living with the results of other PRESIDENT’S MESSAGE EDUCATION IS people's thinking. Don't let the noise of others' opinions drown out your own inner voice. And most importantly, have the courage to follow your THE GREAT ENGINE OF heart and intuition. They somehow already know what you truly want to become. Everything else is secondary.”

PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT. IT Speaking from personal experience, I have been a priest, an educator, and now an administrator, and I have loved each aspect of my career. I have IS THROUGH EDUCATION THAT turned to many for advice, and now allow me to impart advice to you.

During the era in which my father lived, opportunities were scarce THE DAUGHTER OF A PEASANT and attending university was never an option. My father, therefore, started working at an early age and continued doing so his entire life. He CAN BECOME A DOCTOR, THAT even worked several jobs at the same time so that he could give his five children a better life than the one he had. He would always say to us, ‘Striving for success without hard work is like trying to harvest where THE SON OF A MINEWORKER you haven't sowed.’ I have held my father’s advice close to my heart throughout my career. Now it is your time to build the life that you have CAN BECOME THE HEAD OF imagined for yourself and to take your years of well-merited education out into the world and make it a better place. MESSAGE TO THE MINE, THAT A CHILD OF CLASS OF 2014 Our motto at NDU is gaudium de veritate, Joy from the Truth. The late Pope Saint John Paul II in his Apostolic Constitution, Ex corde ecclesiae, A FARM WORKER CAN BECOME described Catholic universities as coming from the heart of the Church. As the 2013-2014 academic year He stated, ‘A Catholic university shares that gaudium de veritate, so draws to a close, all my thoughts precious to St. Augustine, which is that joy of searching for, discovering THE PRESIDENT OF A GREAT focus on the soon-to-be graduates and communicating truth in every field of knowledge.’ of Notre Dame University-Louaize NATION. IT IS WHAT WE MAKE (NDU), and that is why I take great As you embark on new beginnings, my hope today is that you will always pride in delivering this message to keep your eyes peeled for those golden opportunities and through dedication and our new graduates. honesty go on to achieve outstanding success. I look forward to greeting each OUT OF WHAT WE HAVE, NOT of you personally and conferring upon you your hard-earned degree, and then Class of 2014, you will soon welcoming you into the Alumni family. There are momentous times ahead for you, WHAT WE ARE GIVEN, THAT be leaving NDU to take on the and I cannot wait to hear of your achievements. world armed with the knowledge SEPARATES ONE PERSON and values instilled by NDU. While Congratulations! Now, go out and make your lives extraordinary.

Father Walid Moussa O.M.M. FROM ANOTHER. . President

Nelson Mandela ISSUE 61 6

Academic and Student Activities ISSUE 61 8 9 JUNE 2014

COMMUNITY LEBANESE Ambassador of Lebanon Dunia Fayad Taan Gives SERVICE OFFICE EMIGRATION to Bulgaria H.E. Mr. Fares the LERC Scholarship RESEARCH CENTER Eid and His Spouse Visit Grant for Research - JASMIN LILIAN DIAB, LERC CSO Organizes the LERC - LERC STAFF - Rajwane KAFROUNI 3rd NGO Social Fair LERC Honors Three Ambassador of Lebanon to Personalities Contributing Bulgaria H.E. Fares Eid and his The Community Service Office to the Building of spouse, Nariman Baydoun, visited (CSO) at Notre Dame University- Japan-Lebanon Relations on Thursday, April 3, 2014, the Louaize (NDU) in collaboration - JASMIN LILIAN DIAB, Lebanese Emigration Research with the Human Rights Club LERC Center (LERC) at Notre Dame Uni- (HRC) launched on June 4, 2014, versity-Louaize (NDU). its 3rd NGO Social Fair under the The Lebanese Emigration Re- patronage and in the presence of search Center (LERC) at Notre Officials from the Ministry H.E the Minister of Social Affairs Dame University-Louaize (NDU) of Foreign Affairs, Interna- (from left) Dr. Hourani and Dr. Rachid Derbas and H.E the Min- under the patronage of the Japa- tional Organizations Visit Taan at NDU (April 14, 2014) ister of Culture Raymond Arayji. nese Embassy in Lebanon, and in the LERC at NDU - Jasmin The Fair, which brought together the presence of H.E. the Ambas- Lilian DIAB The Lebanese Emigration Re- 40 NGOs, ran under the slogan: sador of Japan to Lebanon Mr. search Center (LERC) at Notre- “Inspire, Connect, Deepen, and Seiichi Otsuka, honored in June Officials from the General Dame University–Louaize (NDU) Broaden.” 2014 Professor Hidemitsu Kuroki Directorate of Emigrants at the launched on April 14, 2014, Dr. from the Research Institute for Lebanese Ministry of Foreign Af- Dunia Fayad Taan’s program on ACADEMIC & STUDENT ACTIVITIES Based on its slogan, the aim Languages and Cultures of Asia fairs and Emigrants, the Kenyan the Lebanese Diaspora in West of this annual event was to edu- and Africa at the Tokyo University Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Africa in the presence of the fol- cate and encourage students to of Foreign Affairs, Professor Mary International Trade, and represen- lowing: Dr. Taan and her family; cultivate empathy, commitment, Rose Abdul Jalil-Ishiguro, and Ms. tatives of the International Orga- Dr. Mohammed Fayad; Dr. Ghazi awareness, and initiative. Madeleine Jalil-Umewaka. nization for Migration (IOM) and Asmar, Assistant Vice-President the International Centre for Migra- for Research and graduate stud- NDU President Fr. Walid Ms. Margot Nasir Abdul Jalil, tion Policy Development (ICMPD), ies; Dr. Edward Alam, Director of Moussa stressed on the fact that aunt of the Jalil sisters, and their Austria, visited on Monday, April th Council for Research in Values NDU is not only an academic in- cousin, Ms. Jacqueline Maamari, 7, 2014, the Lebanese Emigration and Philosophy (CRVP); Dr. Guita stitution but also an institution accepted the award on their behalf. Research Center (LERC) at Notre Hourani, Director of the LERC; and that must teach its students to Both women married Japanese Dame University-Louaize (NDU) staff members. “prioritize the human being, be- men during the Lebanese war and cause the human being is ulti- moved to live in Japan where they mately the core of any society… became active in the fields of mi- And that is how we start building gration, education, public relations, better societies.” and cultural rights. This honor was in recognition of their efforts in Students who, during the consolidating Japan-Lebanon rela- course of the academic year, per- tions and in establishing academic formed 1,000 hours of community and cultural exchanges. service were honored at the end of the opening ceremony.

(from left) Dr. Antoine Farhat (VPAA), Ms. Margot Abdul Jalil, and Ambassador The delegation visiting the Lebanon and Migration Museum Seiichi Otsuka at NDU. at LERC/NDU along with LERC staff and director (April 2014) ISSUE 61 10 11 JUNE 2014

Elementary Students LERC Attends “Formation LERC Attends the “Lebanese Diaspora Energy” from the IC in Ain Aar Archivistique” Training Conference Organized by the Lebanese Ministry of Visit the LERC - Rajwane Seminar at the CPEL in Foreign and Emigrants Affairs - Jasmin Lilian DIAB KAFOURNI USEK - Liliane HADDAD

Fifth grade students (Ghazal (from left) LERC Intern Talar The Lebanese Emigration Research Center (LERC) at Notre Dame Altoum, Alexandre Ghawi, Nour Demirdjian, Ms. Liliane Had- The Lebanese Emigration Re- University-Louaize (NDU) was heavily represented at the three-day Halabi, Joseph Abi Karam, and dad, and the IC students at the search Center (LERC) at Notre “Lebanese Diaspora Energy” conference organized by the Lebanese Kevin Abi Raad) from the Inter- LERC (May 7, 2014) Dame University-Louaize (NDU) Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Emigrants, which was held from May national College (IC) in Ain Aar was represented from May 19- 30 to June1, 2014, at the Hilton Beirut Grand Habtoor Hotel in Sin el-Fil, visited on May 7, 2014, the Leba- 23, 2014, by Ms. Liliane Haddad, Lebanon. The initiative brought together hundreds of Lebanese expats nese Emigration Research Center Archivist and Chief Indexer at the from around the world. (LERC) at Notre Dame University- Lebanese Emigration Archives Louaize (NDU) accompanied by and Database, the electronic ar- LERC Attends ILO and Caritas Workshop on “Access to their teacher, Mrs. Rosy Daou, chiving wing of LERC, at a training Justice for Migrant Domestic Workers in Lebanon” and parent, Mrs. Grace Halabi. seminar titled, “Formation Archi- - Rajwane KAFROUNI vistique.”

WFAP Seeks the LERC for The six-day training seminar Representatives of the Lebanese Emigration Research Center (LERC) Al-Jazeera Documentary was held at the Centre Phoenix at Notre Dame University-Louaize (NDU) attended on Friday, June 13, on the Lebanese in Africa pour les Études Libanaises 2014, a workshop organized by the International Labor Organization (ILO) - Jasmin Lilian DIAB (CPEL), in the Holy Spirit Universi- and Caritas Lebanon Migrant Center, to share their findings of a report ACADEMIC & STUDENT ACTIVITIES ty of Kaslik (USEK) in collaboration on the legal, procedural, and institutional challenges facing migrant do- Ms. Eliana Bader, Executive with The National mestic workers seeking justice in Lebanon. Titled, “Access to Justice Producer of the Witness For Art Archives of France, represented for Migrant Domestic Workers in Lebanon,” the study is a part of an Production Company (WFAP), on by Ms. Magali Lagousses, and the ILO project titled, “Decent Work for Domestic Workers: Advocating In- May 7, 2014, sought the Lebanese Curator at the National stitutional Reform in the Middle East,” which aims to provide options to Emigration Research Center (LERC) Archives Mr. Danis Habib. reform national policies and institutions to protect the rights of migrant at Notre Dame University-Louaize domestic workers. (NDU) to gain access to the Center’s Ms. Lagousses and Mr. Habib unique archive and database on Leb- for the duration of the seminar LERC’s Associate Researcher Dr. Suzanne Melhem, LERC’s Research anese migration. She will use data shared their expertise in collect- Assistant Ms. Jasmin Lilian Diab, and LERC’s International Intern Ms. Ra- for an upcoming Al-Jazeera special ing, archiving, encoding, and sav- jwane Kafrouni represented the LERC. documentary series titled, Taht al- (from left) Dr. Hourani and Ms. ing public and private archives, ac- Mijhar, which will have an episode Bucher at LERC (May 19, 2014) cording to international standard Dr. Najwa Chelala-Tarazi Creates at the LERC a Collec- exclusively dedicated to the Leba- norms. tion in Her Family Name - Rajwane KAFROUNI nese emigrant population in Africa. LERC Honors South Afri- Nathalie Rosa Bucher, can Mr. Ken Hanna Dr. Najwa Chelala-Tarazi, Professor of Law and Attorney-at-law, vis- Assistant to Filmmaker with Acknowledgment ited on June 12, 2014, the Lebanese Emigration Research Center (LERC) Philippe Aractingi, Seeks Award - Rajwane at Notre Dame University-Louaize (NDU) to learn more about the Center, the LERC - LERC STAFF KAFROUNI its mission, and activities, as well as to establish a collection in her name. Mrs. Liliane Haddad, the LERC’s Chief Indexer and Archivist, gave Dr. Ms. Nathalie Rosa Bucher, As- Chelala-Tarazi a guided tour of the Center and its electronic archive. In sistant to Lebanese filmmaker The Lebanese Emigration Re- return, Dr. Chelala-Tarazi presented the LERC with a collection of photos Philippe Aractingi, on May 19, search Center (LERC) at Notre of her maternal family members (Al-Zayek) and relatives in Argentina and 2014, sought the Lebanese Emi- Dame University-Louaize (NDU) Uruguay. gration Research Center (LERC) honored on May 21, 2014, Mr. Ken at Notre Dame University-Louaize Hanna (born Khalil Hanna Cheha- The collection contains 61 pictures of her family and relatives, dating (NDU) to obtain information and deh Kayrouz) from Becharri, a third from the 1930s to 1950s,, especially of her relative Mr. Habib Assaad al- contacts on Lebanese organiza- generation South African of Leba- Zayek, who was an elected member of the Argentine National Congress. tions, associations, and individu- nese descent. He was selected als around the world so that she for the award, because he docu- may contact them to organize a mented, wrote, and published the screening of Aractingi’s new film 40-year history of the Lebanese Héritages (Mirath). community in South Africa. ISSUE 61 12 13 JUNE 2014

S tudent affairs office Hope, Passion, and the Unknown – An Attendee’s Account TEDxNDULouaize: “Breaking Boundaries” - Tala SMILEY* White, red, and black hung on their wrists, as if those three colors were enough to guide them through the night. White for hope, red for passion, and black for the unknown, all three representing TEDx. With- Note from the Organizer: out hoping to inspire others, without being passionate about the topics, or without wanting to grasp a glimpse of the unknown, we would not Each university campus is distinctive in its own way. At Notre Dame University-Louaize (NDU), I could see have known TEDx. that one of the University’s distinctive features was in the student body itself. After completing my fourth year of teaching in the Faculty of Humanities (FH), and before jumping into my fifth, I decided to help that On May 21, 2014, NDU experienced three inspirational hours of ide- student body shine a little bit more. With a TEDx license in hand, and an approval from the Student Affairs Of- as worth spreading. The first TEDxNDULouaize main event was held on fice (SAO), I resorted to the one person I knew I could completely rely on, my current partner and friend, Prof. campus, thanks to a team of student and faculty volunteers. Nadine Robehmed. Together we formed a team of roughly 30 students and faculty members who launched the first TEDxNDULouaize Salon, “Leadership in Action,” on January 16, 2014, as well as the first TEDxN- To say that the preparations went perfectly well, and that everyone DULouaize main event, “Breaking Boundaries,” on May 21, 2014, introducing NDU to a concept the majority was dancing around like in a musical would be an insult to all those who on Campus had never heard of, TED. Our slogan matches that of TED: “Ideas Worth Spreading.” Our goal is were volunteering. Their hard work helped made this event happen. to get students involved in organizing on-campus entertaining and educational events under the TEDxNDUL- ouaize logo. As for the speakers, they had their own thing going on. Each had a special vibe emanating from him/her. You could see that they were nerv- TEDxNDULouaize Curator ous, but they had the power to deliver their message to the audience. NATALIA GEHA ACADEMIC & STUDENT ACTIVITIES The first speaker, NDU student and illusionist Amine Jabbour started with a mesmerizing performance. He uses illusions, hoping that imagination will help break the realms of reality, hoping that it will help break this prison of reality that we have built for ourselves. At the end of his speech, Amine unexpectedly set the stage for the next speakers by performing magic tricks that ended by scattering heart-shaped rose petals all over the stage. Speakers Vivecca Cha- The next speech was all about finding hearts, but before that May tila and Lisa Jerejian on “finding hearts, not hate.” el-Khalil’s TED talk, Making Peace is a Marathon, was screened.

TEDxNDULouaize team of volunteers and speakers. Speaker Amine Jabbour on “breaking reality through magic.”

* TEDxNDULouaize Attendee ISSUE 61 14 15 JUNE 2014

The two founders of “Find the Hearts”, Vivecca Chatila and Lisa The audience left the theatre in NDU Inter-schools Sports Challenge 2014 Jerejian, started their talk with a heart-warming video that showed Leb- awe, and all I can say is that I left anon’s beauty. Lisa said, “I was looking for La Vie en Rose.” Their talk that theatre with a new inspira- was about always looking at the bright side of things, like finding hearts tion settled in my heart. I left with For the ninth consecutive year, the Sports Office at Notre-Dame Uni- everywhere you go. “Beirut has been a phoenix”, they said. They be- a new hope for what the future versity-Louaize (NDU) organized its annual mixed gender inter-schools lieve in the power of love, not hate. At the end of their talk, they men- holds. I left with a gift bag filled competition titled, “NDU Sports Challenge 2014.” The events included: tioned a project they were working on which will take place in Beirut with memories of that evening. tennis, volleyball, football, and basketball. near Hamra, Corniche. This project is for everyone who wants to show I left with a bracelet around my their love for anything, especially Lebanon. wrist to remind me of hope, pas- The Sagesse School, Beirut, was awarded the Fair Play Award, sion, and the mysterious future. the Providence (Montana) was awarded the Appreciation Award, and Paul Yatim was the third speaker that night and his talk was most I am still wearing that bracelet to Champville was awarded the Most Participating School Award. probably the most inspiring for any struggling student. Paul explained be reminded that boundaries are to the audience that he comes from a poor background, yet that did not meant to be broken. Special thanks go to Robert Massaad, Joe Chamma, Joseph Matta, stop him from achieving what seemed impossible to him and to others Georges Tahtah, Studio Services, Security Control, Maintenance, and around him. Paul followed his dream and got a one-year scholarship into NDU coaches. NDU, one of Lebanon’s private universities, by building a tank for a science competition. It was an extremely difficult task since most of the resources were unavailable to him. He also had to teach himself advanced math and physics lessons just to be able to complete his project in time for the science fair. RESULTS

Afterwards, the second pre-recorded TED talk, Ji-Hae Park’s The ACADEMIC & STUDENT ACTIVITIES Tennis (Men’s Category) First Place: Michel Saadeh (Antonine School, Ghazir) Violin and My Dark Night of the Soul, was screened. Consequently, the Second Place: Karim Slaiby (Deutsche Schule, Beirut) event’s two hosts, Yara Asmar and Gali Ajemian, asked the audience to Third Place: Alex Baumgartner (Deutsche Schule, Beirut) and dig in into their minds and hearts so that they can understand what their Abdo Obeid (NDL) boundaries might be. Attendees, including Vice-President of Academic Mechanical Engineering Affairs Dr. Antoine Farhat, and Dean of the Faculty of Humanities Dr. students Pierre Ouba and Tennis (Women’s Category) First Place: Nour Dib (Champville) Mary-Angela Willis, proudly wore their boundaries on their nametags Rhea Mkanna, showing Second Place: Bruna Khoury ( Deutsche Schule, Beirut) and discussed them with those around them. their artistic side. Third Place: Myriam Massoud (SJS) and Aurore Antoun (Deutsche Schule, Beirut) The fourth talk carried a somewhat weird title: “Shakespeare, Sex Education, and a Lighthouse.” Marya Abdul Rahman stood on stage and Volleyball (Men’s Category), First Place: NDL told her personal story. She expressed her love for books and how her (score: 2-0) Second: Place SJS love for the written word made her study literature. Yet, later on in life, she realized that she had developed another love for health sciences Football (score: 5-2) First Place: Antoura through her work with the Red Cross, and specifically in AIDS aware- Second Place: NDL ness and sex education campaigns. The lighthouse part comes in the end where Marya combines both literature and science to give us an- Basketball (Men’s Category), First Place: Champville other meaning for the lighthouse she saw in Tyre, south of Lebanon. (score: 48-40) Second Place: NDL She saw the lighthouse as a symbol for hope even though it had not been functioning for years. Basketball (Women’s Category), First Place: Antoura (score: 37-12) Second Place: Champville There are all these secrets underlying our everyday life. NDU student, Charbel Tadros, ended the talks with his seven secrets to prayer. He explained how positive energy could attract the good in life. Charbel spoke of how his students inspired him when he taught them the seven secrets during tough times the class was going through.

The event did not end with the seven secrets to prayer. A short sur- prising performance took place when NDU Mechanical Engineering students Rhea Mkanna and Pierre Ouba stepped onto the stage with their dancing shoes. The dance was a mixture of dance styles, yet salsa was the dominating style.

“Breaking Boundaries” was about breaking society’s reality through illusions. It was about waking up and being courageous enough to step out into a Speaker Paul Yatim on “breaking educational boundaries.” new world, where our will and imagination bulldoze all the walls suffocating us. Fr. Bechara Khoury (center) with participating students and organizers ISSUE 61 16 17 JUNE 2014

W ater, Energy and Environment • Water demand management is not merely a technical issue. It includes Research Center social involvement and economic efficiency across sectors; • Management is constantly evolving. in coastal river basins, integrated water resources management (IWRM) can be complimented by inte- Water, Energy, Food, and Ecosystems Nexus in the grated coastal zone management(ICZM) incorporating the ecosystem Mediterranean Region: Current Challenges and approach, using advanced tools such as ICT and modeling. A welcome Future Insights development is the announced application of such combined approach in the Awali River Basin; The Water, Energy and Environment Research Center (WEERC) at • The potential savings from losses and misuse through the employment Notre Dame University–Louaize (NDU) organized from May 22 to 23, of innovative technologies are considerable; this is perhaps the most 2014, the “5th Beirut Water Week” in collaboration with Global Water cost effective intervention for water security. Furthermore, combination Partnership–Mediterranean (GWP-Med), the Mediterranean component of water technologies with renewable energy sources offer sustainable of the EU Water Initiative (MED-EUWI), and the Mediterranean Network solutions, which also gradually become economically attractive; of Basins Organization (MENBO). The event was held under the aus- • Non-conventio nal water resources need to be developed and widely pices and in the presence of the Lebanese Minister of Energy and Wa- used, coupled with renewable energy sources, where possible, includ- ter H.E. Eng. Arthur Nazarian, and gathered approximately 100 partici- ing, inter alia, rainwater and storm water harvesting, safe greywater and pants, representing national administrations, international organizations, treated wastewater reuse, exploitation of undersea springs; NGOs, universities, research centers, and Mediterranean projects and • Regulatory frameworks, adopted through participatory processes, are initiatives relevant to water resources management in Arab and Medi- prerequisites for good water governance. Laws, such as the proposed terranean countries. draft for the public Private Partnerships (PPP) and the law on Decen- tralization in Lebanon, may create the enabling environment for more The event was divided into four main themes: Water, Energy, Food efficient management of resources and services, with involvement of ACADEMIC & STUDENT ACTIVITIES and Ecosystems Nexus at the National and Transboundary Level, Water stakeholders. Such frameworks provide the necessary conditions for Financing and Economics, Non-Conventional Water Resources: Within reduced risk private investment accountable to the society at local and the IWRM Context, and Innovative Scientific and Technological Tools national level. Given the lack of frameworks regulating PPP in the Med- and Methodologies. iterranean countries, the Lebanese example can offer a useful good practice to be replicated throughout the region; Dr. Fadi Comair, Director of WEERC and Honorary President of • International cooperation is of utmost importance for the region be- Mediterranean Network of Basins Organization (MENBO), welcomed cause of its many shared waters. Ratification and implementation of the all guests. He stressed that Mediterranean Water Platform is a “think- relevant UN Conventions, in conjunction with hydro-diplomacy, could thank” that gathers prominent water experts and leaders from across offer the necessary framework for such cooperation. The recently com- the Mediterranean to work together and overcome critical barriers to pleted project supported by the Italian Cooperation in Lebanon in Oron- guarantee the equitable use of water resources for the future genera- tes, employing ICT and proposed for a UNESCO publication to support tions of the Basin. hydro-diplomacy, could be replicated for other transboundary rivers; • The revision of the Mediterranean Strategy for Sustainable Develop- The 5th Beirut Water Week is one of the activities of the Mediter- ment provides an additional framework for useful regional cooperation ranean regional process leading to the 7th World Water Forum. and synergies; and • The recently endorsed by the UfM Ministers of Environment The participants of the 5th Beirut Water Week agreed on the following: (Athens, May 2014) Mediterranean Strategy for Education for Sustainable Development offers an important framework for comprehensive • The water-energy-food-ecosystems nexus, which encapsulates the education and public awareness programs on water and other nexus interconnectiveness among these important aspects of life and aspects. Such programs are necessary for the proper understanding economy of societies, is of particular importance for the water secu- of the issues and change of attitudes and behaviors towards a new rity in the Mediterranean as it offers a powerful tool for integration, water culture. allowing other sectors beyond water, to contribute to workable and sustainable solutions; Participants strongly support the establishment of an individual SDG on • In view of increasing challenges in the region, the scarce water re- water and sanitation and request that the present recommendations be sources of the region become even further stressed due to popula- considered as an input to all relevant regional and international processes, tion growth, climate variability, and change and lifestyles based on particularly to: unsustainable consumption and production patterns. To address these challenges, parallel action at various levels is required: Effec- • The 7th World Water Forum (Korea 2015); tive water demand management; improved and advanced manage- • The 2nd Arab Water Forum (Qatar 2014); ment approaches; innovative technologies for the minimization of • The post-2015 dialogue on Sustainable Development Goals; water losses and effective use of energy; promotion and wise use • The drafting of Mediterranean Strategy for Sustainable Development; of non-conventional water resources; appropriate regulatory frame- and works; adequate funding; international cooperation; and comprehen- • The drafting of the Action Plan of the Mediterranean Strategy of Educa- sive education and awareness raising campaigns. tion for Sustainable Development. ISSUE 61 18 19 JUNE 2014

F aculty of End of Year Exhibition: EYE 14 – FLUX Architecture, art, - Marlyse Chamoun HAMATI* and design - Music Department The Faculty of Architecture, Art and Design (FAAD) at Notre Dame University-Louaize (NDU) organized on Friday, June 27, 2014, its 14th End-of-year Concert 2014 annual End of Year Exhibition titled, EYE 14-FLUX, which puts on dis- - DR. LOLA BEYROUTI play students’ senior projects in the disciplines of Architecture, Interior Design, Graphic Design, Multimedia, Fashion Design, Photography, and Musicology. The theme for this year’s event was FLUX, which symbol- The Department of Music at izes senior students leaving academic life and joining the labor force to the Faculty of Architecture, Art pursue a career in their chosen discipline. and Design (FAAD), Notre Dame University-Louaize (NDU), orga- Each End of Year Exhibition offers a distinctive program, depending nized on June 9, 2014, at noon, on the number of graduate students and the diversity of projects exhib- its End-of-year Concert. The con- ited. Given that the FAAD is a growing Faculty and the majors it offers cert, which was held in Issam are increasing, this year’s exhibition was brimming with rich diversity. Fares Hall, showcased students’ progress during the academic Months before the event, FAAD Dean Dr. Jean-Pierre el-Asmar ap- year 2013-2014. These talented pointed a committee composed of selected faculty members from each students played to an audience major in the FAAD with Mrs. Marlyse Chamoun Hamati as its Chair- comprised of administrators, fac- person. Before the event, the committee convened weekly from Fall ulty members, NDU community Semester (2013-2014) to the last week of Spring Semester (2014). The members, and parents. The con- committee was tasked with organizing and structuring the exhibition cert covered many genres and by following up with each Department in the Faculty to gather senior languages, and faculty members projects from each major. were asked to judge performances based on technique, semiotics, The media played a key role making this event a resounding success. student effort, and reaction in front Mrs. Chamoun was invited to appear on Future TV and MTV’s live morn- of a live audience.works; adequate ing talk shows to promote the event. Mrs. Chamoun used the opportu- funding; international cooperation; nity to inform millions of viewers of the benefits of studying at NDU, one and comprehensive education and of the leading and most modern universities in the country. awareness raising campaigns.

*Chairperson of the FAAD End of Year Exhibition EYE 14 - FLUX. ISSUE 61 20 21 JUNE 2014

The program of events for EYE their senior projects designs. 14-FLUX was divided into two parts and held in two separate lo- Senior Architecture students cations: Issam Fares Conference put on display their projects, which Hall and the new FAAD building, received great feedback from visi- Ground Floor. tors while senior Graphic Design students operated their two sta- PART I: Opening Ceremony tions: One at the entrance of the at Issam Fares Conference Hall. Faculty where Multimedia senior Speakers were Ms. Joceline Issa; projects were screened, and the Mrs. Chamoun; Dr. El-Asmar; Mr. second where print projects were Souheil Mattar, Vice-President for exhibited on banners and tables. Public Relations and Cultural Af- Senior Interior Design students fairs; Dr. Antoine Farhat, Vice-Pres- were eager to discuss and explain ident for Academic Affairs; and Mr. their projects to visitors. Jack Liger Belair, French-Lebanese Architect (Guest Speaker). The FAAD believes in the future of its graduates who made Afterward, Musicology stu- this exhibition and event truly dents performed classic opera unique. The Faculty will continue songs and 10 Fashion Design to encourage its students by keep- students exhibited 60 outfits in ing the premises open to them to ACADEMIC & STUDENT ACTIVITIES an impressive Fashion Show, fol- help them gain more confidence lowed by Musicology students and continue to improve. taking the stage to perform on Flamenco Guitar before Multime- dia students screened their sound Word from the and visual projects. Part I of the Committee event ended with Musicology students performing a host of pop and international songs. To students of the FAAD to whom this event was dedicated, PART II: Exhibition inaugura- we believe in you and in your cho- tion, ribbon-cutting ceremony at sen career path, we believe in the new FAAD building, Ground each of you because you are the Floor, in the presence of Mr. Belair; ones who carry the Mission of Fr. Bechara Khoury, Vice-President NDU to the world. We wish you for Finance; Dr. Farhat; Mr. Matar; the best of luck, and we always Dr. El-Asmar; Dr. Lola Beyrouthi, count on you. Chairperson Musicology Depart- ment; Mr. John Kortbawi, Chair- Acknowledgments person Design Department; Dr. Nicolas Gabriel, Chairperson Archi- tecture Department; Mrs. Cham- We would like to thank the fol- oun; and all faculty members. lowing individuals and institutions for their invaluable support: NDU Guests were treated to a walk- President Fr. Walid Moussa, NDU around cocktail amid a backdrop of Administration, Bank Byblos and live music performed by the Musi- Matta et Associes for being the cology Department band and stu- main sponsors of this event, the dents. Photography Department NDU Design and Brand Guardian students had their senior project Office (DBGO), faculty staff, and shoots displayed on banners. The all members, Dr. Asmar for all his photography students also shot support and hard work, and last models showing off outfits de- but not least, the EYE 14 – FLUX signed by senior Fashion Design committee members for making students who also put on display this event such a success. ISSUE 61 22 23 JUNE 2014

FE FH Societies’ 2nd Media Studies Forum Annual Dinner (MSF14) “Ethics of Digital Media and Online Knowledge The Faculty of Engineering (FE) Production” at Notre Dame University-Louaize ROUBA EL-HELOU (NDU) organized on Friday, April MARIA BOU-ZEID 25, 2014, its 2nd Annual Din- ner at Le Royal Hotel, Dbayeh. (from left) Dr. Antoine Farhat,, Vice-President for Academic Affairs, Mary- Khatib & Alami and CCC sponsored Members of the Digital media are shaping the con- Angela Willis, Dean FH, Andre Kassas, Information Minister representative, the event. three societies. cept of the profession of journalism, and Suhail Matar Vice-President for Cultural Affairs and Public Relations. particularly publishing, which is in the Engineering students along hands of citizens, while the Internet en- with NDU President Fr. Father courages different types of immediate Walid Moussa, the Dean of the and interactive platforms for journalism FE Dr. Michel Hayek, and faculty and online knowledge production. members enjoyed a walk on the red carpet, a welcome drink, a This new type of converged media presentation of the hard work of requires new guidelines for both pro- the engineering societies: SCE, fessionals and amateurs. Media, thus, ACADEMIC & STUDENT ACTIVITIES ASME, IEEE; and a delicious needs to be reinvented, to be revolu- Lebanese dinner. tionized, starting from the classroom. For these reasons, the Media Stud- ies Department at the Faculty of Hu- Members of the societies with NDU President Fr. Walid (from left) Professor Edward Alam, Moussa and the Dean of the FE Dr. Michel Hayek. manities (FH), Notre Dame University- Bassam Haddad, and Fadi Tofeili. Louaize (NDU), held on May 6, 2014, its Media Studies Forum (MSF14) as an initiative to create a knowledge hub, a space to meet, to discuss, and to share ideas for professionals, journalists, students, and experts. Mr. Suheil Matar, Vice-President for Public Affairs and Communications at NDU, in his welcome speech reflected on the importance of responsible freedom of speech in this digital era. He then noted that freedom should not be confiscated nor reduced to personal Attendees with faculty members, agendas. Freedom means respect to (from left) Elsy Moufarrej, Simon Kremer, cutting the Event’s cake. culture and to tradition. Charbel el-Kareh, and Magda Abu-Fadil.

Likewise, Dr. Mary-Angela Willis, Dean of the Faculty of Humanities, stressed on the importance of values and ethics in academia, particularly among future media practitioners. She said, “Active collaboration and engage- ment in these subjects will allow all participants, including students, to contribute to the creation of solutions to current issues that are pertinent to the Lebanese context. It is a forum where knowledge is exchanged, where ex- (from left) Pierre Gedeon, Director of International Relations, Sandra Whitehead, Lan- Students enjoying the moment. perts will act as role models, and guages and Humanities Chair at Rafik Hariri University, George Awad Communication & Information Officer at UNESCO, and Dr. Guita Hourani, Director of the LERC, NDU. where students will be empowered. ISSUE 61 24 25 JUNE 2014

MSF14 is the first such endeavor being el titled, “Digital Media and New Modes of Knowledge Production.” NDU/FIFA/CIES held at NDU and, given the importance and the need for such dialogue; it will The speakers were Dr. Bassam Haddad, Associate Professor (George Mason Sport Management surely not be the last.” University) and co-founder of Jadaliyya e-zine, and Mr. Fadi Tofeili, a writer, poet, Certificate and co-founder of Portal 9 magazine. The panel stressed on the differences be- Andre Kassas spoke on behalf of tween the print and digital publications. Mr. Tofeili, presented the philosophy and First Edition Graduation the Minister of Information Ramzi Jreij. vision of Portal 9, as a print magazine portraying urban life in imaginative situa- Ceremony He considered the power of journalism tions by either poetry or storytelling. Dr. Haddad elaborated on the tools provided as a fourth one, where news reporting to researchers for publishing through the digital media technologies. He spoke became vital in everyday society. about the creation of an interactive user-friendly website such as Jadaliyya, and The Faculty of Humanities (FH) its importance on the process of sharing info and producing knowledge based on at Notre Dame University-Louaize The forum included two pan- currents in the Middle East and North Africa region. (NDU) organized on Wednesday, els focusing on online media free- May 18, 2014, the graduation cer- dom and ethics in addition to on- Mr. Sam Lahoud, Chairperson of the Media Studies Department, emony of the First Edition of the line publishing and new modes of ended the forum with a series of recommendations. He insisted on the NDU FIFA/CIES Sport Manage- knowledge production. necessity of acknowledging ethics and implementing the ideas that re- ment Certificate. The graduation sulted from the day and put them into practice. ceremony took place at 5 p.m. in Ms. Elsy Moufarrej, Managing Edi- the Issam Fares Hall, NDU Main tor of Al Majala Al Kadaiya moderated To be noted, guidelines for Lebanese media should be set clearly, Campus. the first panel, which comprised of Dr. despite the fact that there currently exists no policy, regarding media in Charbel el-Kareh, a Juris Doctor, and Lebanon. The debate will no doubt continue during the coming year with FIFA (Fédération Internationale an Attorney, Ms. Magda Abu-Fadil, a journalists, students, and academics hoping to generate new paradigms de Football Association) created ACADEMIC & STUDENT ACTIVITIES veteran Journalist and a Huffington of ethics and online knowledge production during MSF15. Post blogger, in addition to Mr. Simon Kremer (Germany), a journalist and co-Founder of Soukmagzine. El-Kareh discussed the available e-law media projects, the implications and measurements applied in different cases, focusing on the e-media license. Kremer focused on the idea of the freedom of speech in Germany, and the challenges that face online journalists, such as death threats, trials, or the inability to access information as stated by law.

From her perceptive, Abu-Fadil raised ethical issues, such as misspell- ing people's names, mispronounc- ing foreign words, and misattribution of sources (intentionally or by igno- rance). She concluded, “Videos and photos can easily be manipulated and it's becoming increasingly difficult to tell what's accurate and what's fake.” Abu-Fadil launched during the forum, an Arabic Online Media Ethics Guide, the CIES (International Centre for with DeMontfort University (Leicester, United Kingdom), SDA Bocconi which is available online, for down- Sports Studies) in 1995 to provide (Milan, Italy), and the Université de Neuchâtel (Neuchâtel, Switzerland). load as a PDF, on the following URL: research, education, and consult- In 2014, the magazine Sport Business International ranked the Master’s http://media-unlimited.info/abu- ing services to answer the new degree, commonly called the “FIFA Master,” first in the world. fadil-launches-arabic-online-media- needs and challenges of the sport ethics-guide-at-msf14/ industry. FIFA and the CIES also founded in 2004 the FIFA/CIES International University Network to create a certificate in Sport Management with a Professor Edward Alam, Direc- In the same perspective, the program that will adapt to the local realities of the different regions in tor of the Council for Research in CIES started in 2000 a Master’s the world. Today, through an initiative taken by NDU in which an agree- Values and Philosophy (CRVP) at degree in Sport Management, ment with the CIES was signed on May 25, 2012, this network has part- NDU, moderated the second pan- Law and Humanities in partnership ner universities in 16 countries, namely: Argentina; Chile; Costa Rica; (Courtesy the Branding Office) ISSUE 61 26

Trinidad & Tobago; Venezuela; NDU Students Attend Brazil; Peru; Senegal; South Af- 9th International Student rica; Egypt; Spain; Russia; Poland; Byron Conference in Palestine; United Arab Emirates; Messolonghi, Greece and Lebanon. DANA HARB*

The First Edition of NDU/FIFA CIES Sport Management Cer- tificate started on March 2, 2013, The 9th International Student and ended on February 8, 2014. Byron Conference titled, “Byron’s Fifteen students graduated from Life and His Eastern Tales,” was this program: Maria Saad (vale- held from May 21 to 25, 2014, in dictorian); Tony Tarraf; Hussein Messolonghi, Greece, and gave Kanso; Ricardo Rubeiz; Anthony us the opportunity to learn a great Salemeh; Charbel Richa; Chebl deal about Lord Byron’s life and Yassine; Nisrine Wazen; Chris- Eastern Tales. We also had the teena Bado; Hovsep Seraydarian; opportunity to interact with world- Jamil Tayar; Jean Hanna; Mich- renowned Byron scholars and their line Slim; Rachid Haidar; and Ziad students. As an MA student in Saadeh. English Language and Literature Prof. Naji Oueijan. at the Faculty of Humanities, Notre Similar to all the FIFA/CIES Dame University-Louaize (NDU), ACADEMIC & STUDENT ACTIVITIES International University Network I was privileged to participate in this programs, students completed a conference along with Ms. Grace Grace Nakhoul presenting and group project that was presented Nakhoul and Mr. Bassem Kamel. Dana Harb in the background. on February 8, 2014, to the: NDU Prof. Naji Oueijan, who is also Joint President of the Interna- - CIES Scientific Coordinator tional Association of Byron Societ- (Professor Lanfranchi); ies (IABS), accompanied us. This - Local CIES Scientific Coordi- international conference is held an- nator in Lebanon (Mr. Wadih nually and provides Byron scholars, Abdelnour); and students worldwide with the - Heads of the Program Modules chance to meet, interact, and ex- (Mr. Ezzat Kraytem, Mr. Mazen change their thoughts and opinions Ramadan, Mr. Tony Khalil, and on Lord Byron’s life and poetry. Maitre Joseph Yazbeck); - Dean of the Faculty of Hu- The conference started on manities (Dr. Mary-Angela Wednesday, May 21, with a visit Willis); to the Byron Research Center in - Chair of the Department of the Byron House. Mrs. Rodanhti- Psychology, Education and Rosa Flouru, President of the Physical Education (Dr. Maha Messolonghi Byron Society, was Mouchantaf); and waiting for us with a warm wel- - NDU FIFA/CIES Sports Man- come. The Byron House has truly agement Program Manager become a shrine for Byron schol- (Dr. Nadim Nassif). ars, as Prof. Oueijan emphasized The winner of this competition will have the opportunity to present his/ in his address, as it conserves rare Nisrine Wazen, Christeena her work to FIFA at its headquarters in Zurich. volumes and manuscripts, cover- Bado, Hovsep Seraydarian, and ing almost all works by Byron and Jamil Tayar presented the winning Among the attendees of the graduation ceremony were NDU Presi- works about him. After the cer- group project, titled “Road Map dent Fr. Walid Moussa, CIES Senior Manager Mr. Vincent Monnier, and emony, we visited the Cathedral to Qatar 2022.” This research Mr. Joseph Saadallah, representing H.E. the Lebanese Minister of Youth of Agios Spyridon, and then we paper will now compete in the and Sports Mr. Abdel Mottaleb Hennaoui. headed to the Municipal Museum annually held FIFA/CIES Interna- of History and Art Gallery. The day tional Universities Network prize, The Second Edition of the program will start on September 27, 2014. ended with a downtown dinner, which will include other winning Interviews for applicants’ acceptance will be conducted on September during which we had the chance projects from various universities. 9, 10, and 11, 2014. to get to know the international

*Harb is a graduate student of English Literature, NDU. ISSUE 61 28 29 JUNE 2014

professors and students participat- tennial of his death. Then, we visited the Garden of the Heroes, stretch- Workshop: “Peace ing in the conference. ing alongside the defensive walls of Messolonghi and decorated with Education in Context” Byron’s statue and other statues of Greek heroes. In the afternoon, we The Academic Program started departed from the Port of Messolonghi for a wonderful sailing experi- on Thursday, May 22, with a wel- ence crossing the lagoon and visiting the historic Isle of Vssiladi, where come address by the President of Byron landed on January 1824, and from whence his remains were sent The Department of Psychology, the Messolonghi Byron Society, to England after his death. Our day ended with a cozy Greek dinner at Education and Physical Education Mrs. Rodanth-Rosa Flouru, the St. Thomas village. at the Faculty of Humanities (FH), Joint President of the International Notre Dame University-Louaize Association of Byron Societies, Here, I would like to thank NDU and especially Prof. Oueijan for giv- (NDU), hosted on June 7, 2014, a Prof. Oueijan, and the Director ing us, students, the opportunity to attend this conference, which was one-day workshop titled, “Peace of International Relations Prof. an added academic value for our education and experience for not only Education in Context,” which Peter Graham. The first session did it give us a wider overview on Byron’s scholarship but also allowed was held at Friends Hall. Educa- started with Prof. Oueijan, who us to have impressive notions of the world's most ancient culture, his- tors from schools and universities talked about “Eroticism in Byron’s tory, language, and customs. Finally yet importantly, I would like to note across Lebanon attended what Oriental Tales as ‘An alter-ego to that what really made this conference so special were the opportuni- proved to be a positive, reflective, the Occident;’” Mr. Bassem Ka- ties we had to meet and interact with international professors and stu- and inspiring day. The educational mel discussed “Goethe’s and By- dents and to appreciate the high standards of our education at NDU. institutions represented includ- ron’s Oriental Affiliation: The Poet On the whole, the conference was an unforgettable and enriching ed College St. Joseph Aintoura, as a Bridge between East and academic experience. SSCC Baalbek, Sainte Famille, Zal- West”; and Ms. Dana Harb gave a ka, Adma International School, Je- presentation on “Byron and Greek sus and Mary School, USL, USEK ACADEMIC & STUDENT ACTIVITIES Women.” AGBU, LU, and NDU.

After a coffee break, the con- Letter from Prof. Jonathan Gross, DePaul University, USA Dr. Mary-Angela Willis, Dean ference resumed with Ms. Grace Joint-President of the International Association of Byron of the FH, opened the workshop Nakhoul’s presentation, “Emotion- Societies (IABS) by stressing the importance ally Adjusted Elements: Time and June 7, 2014 and relevance of peace educa- space in The Corsair." Presenta- tion in meeting the challenges of tions by other participants from Dear Prof. Oueijan, our time. According to Dr. Willis, England, the U.S.A., and Greece one is never too young to learn followed. The day ended with an Congratulations on bringing such gifted students, Ms. Grace peace-making skills and values Official Ceremony at the Theox- Nakhoul, Ms. Dana Harb, and Mr. Bassem Kamel, to the “9th that will help shape an environ- enia Hotel where two keynote Messolonghi Student Byron Conference,” held at the International ment that is just, inclusive, ac- speakers, Prof. Jonathan Gross Research Center for Lord Byron and Philhellenism on May 21-25, cepting of the other, and nurturing and Dr. Stephan Minta, delivered 2014. Grace Nakhoul's essay, "Emotionally Adjusted Elements: for all. two interesting lectures. A gala Time and Space in The Corsair" was a perfect talk, particularly the dinner and a performance by focus on the etymology of Medora and Medusa, which she expli- Guest speakers representing Greek folklore dancers followed cated with great care and originality. I also learned so much from Adma International School, Dr. the lectures. Dana Harb's "Byron and Greek Women," noting inter-disciplinary Nabil Husni, Principal, and Ms. connections between Byron's Eastern Tales and paintings of the Aycha el-Sayed, Section Director, On Friday May 23, the confer- 19th century. Finally Bassem Kamel's "Goethe's and Byron's Ori- presented insights and experienc- ence began with other enriching ental Affiliation: The Poet as a Bridge between East and West," es related to the implementation sessions. Later, the participants was an enriching exploration of Goethe's appropriation of Hafiz's of peace education at the school followed Byron’s footsteps to the poetry. Mr. Kamel's knowledge of Eastern verse has clearly bene- level. According to Dr. Husni, Chapel of Panayia Finikias, and we fited from your own scholarship on Byron and the Mediterranean peace education components visited Aitoliko, the picturesque is- world, particularly the poetry of Sadi and Persian poets. should be integrated into the land town, visited twice by Byron school at all levels, but individual during his sojourn in Messolonghi. Your ability to attract such vibrant scholarship speaks well of efforts by teachers are also highly On Saturday May 24, the partici- the program, MA English at Notre Dame University, as I was able effective. Ms. El-Sayed stressed pants departed for a wreath-laying to witness when I visited Beirut in 2012. Again, congratulations that with respect to young learn- ceremony at the site where Byron on bringing such gifted students to Messolonghi! ers, simple projects and activi- breathed his last while fighting for ties, such as having a recycle bin Greece’s liberation from the Ot- Best Wishes, in the classroom, tending to the tomans and where the University Jonathan needs of a pet, or singing a song of Athens dedicated a memorial about peace are integral to peace column, commemorating the cen- education. ISSUE 61 30

The workshop culminated in an overview of the steps needed to in- NDU Attends Annual tegrate peace education into the school curriculum, such as identifying International Byron needs, establishing objectives, preparing action plans, and running and Conference in Tbilisi, evaluating programs. Moreover, a practical application on how to inte- Georgia grate peace components into formal subject matter was presented by PROF. NAJI OUEIJAN Dr. Harvey Oueijan and coordinated by Dr. Maria Ghosn-Chelala and Dr. Wessam al-Chibani, Assistant Professors at the Department of Psychol- ogy, Education and Physical Education, NDU. Professor Naji Oueijan, Dr. Savo Karam, Dr. Maya el-Hajj, and Ms. Amal Rizkallah Abou Sleiman, a graduate major of English Literature Prof. Naji Oueijan receiving the at Notre Dame University-Louaize University Honor Medal. (NDU), formed NDU’s delegation to the Annual International Byron Conference titled, “Byron Original and Translated,” which was held from June 23 to 28, 2014, at the Tbilisi State University, Georgia. (from left) Georgian Minister of Cul- ture Mr. Guram Odisharia, Georgian Ms. Rizkallah received a student Chairman of Parliament Mr. David scholarship from the conference Usupashvili, and Prof. Naji Oueijan. organizers; she and other mem- ACADEMIC & STUDENT ACTIVITIES bers of the delegation presented research papers at the conference, which included more than 100 participants from 20 countries.

Prof. Naji Oueijan, Joint Presi- dent of the International Association of Byron Societies, an association Prof. Naji Oueijan (center) offering including 40 national societies and the Association’s gifts to the Confer- around 2,000 scholars and mem- ence Organizer Prof. Innes Merabish- Dr. Maya el-Hajj presenting bers from around the world, was vili, and the Conference Assistants. her paper. one of three keynote speakers. He also met with Chairman of the Georgian Parliament Mr. David Usu- Ms. Amal Bou Sleiman (far pashvili, and Georgian Minister of right) presenting her paper. Culture Mr. Guram Odisharia. Be- sides, Academician Vladimer Pa- pava, Rector of Tbilisi State Univer- sity, offered the University “Honor Medallion” to Prof. Oueijan for his role in promoting Byron scholarship and for helping the Georgian Byron Society organize the conference.

Dr. Savo Karam (far left) being introduced to present her paper. ISSUE 61 32 33 JUNE 2014

FNAS floor. The ground level has passages GEO 201 – PHYSICAL of varied sizes, meaning that climb- GEOLOGY, ing, crawling, and squeezing through DR. LEILA KHALAF-KAIROUZ, these openings was the only way to pass through. On top of that, Guano, A Journey Beneath the which is excrement of cave-dwelling Earth’s Surface bats, was observed as black spots KAREN SAAD, on the ceiling. Furthermore, “Mar- CHRISTOPHER ARIDA, mite de Geant” were observed due NASSIF HAKIM, to active streams, which drive the MARIO KARAM stones in a rotational motion forming big holes in the ground of the cave.

Exploring the earth’s deep inner Belouaa Baatara surface and its underground forma- tions is the ideal way to increase The Baatara sinkhole is located in our knowledge and widen our Balaa near the village of Tannourine perspective of Mother Earth. For on the Lebanon mountain trail. The this reason, The GEO 201-Physi- sinkhole consists of three natural cal Geology course students, along bridges, rising one above the other with the course instructor, Dr. Leila over a height of 100 meters. For this ACADEMIC & STUDENT ACTIVITIES Khalaf-Kairouz, joined a field trip reason, this sinkhole is also known on March 25, 2014, organized by as “Cave of the Three Bridges.” Mr. Omar Sakr, instructor of TTM 326-Domestic Travel and Tourism, Nature’s wonderful masterpiece is in collaboration with the ALES illustrated by this sinkhole, which was (Association Libanaise d’Etudes carved by water in its top sequences. Speleologique). The full-day trip in- This geological formation forms one of cluded visits to Hakel Fish Fossils the most important sources of fresh Quarry, Beloua Baatara (sinkhole), water for Lebanon. Water from the Pic 5 to 7: Baatara Sinkhole. and the Roueiss Cave. Wadi Baatara stream infiltrated into the limestone and dissolved the rocks to reveal the top bridge. Over the years, immerges from a cave in Kfarhilda, Roueiss Cave vertical and circular erosion coupled about 6 kilometers to the northwest with a series of collapses resulted in at an altitude of 620 meters above sea The Roueiss Cave is located in the formation of the middle and bot- level (or 860 meters lower than Baata- central Mount Lebanon between tom bridges. The sinkhole is still devel- ra). the villages of Kartaba and Aakou- oping and is connected to an existing ra at the head of the Nahr Ibrahim underground network. The Balouaa Baatara sinkhole, Valley. It is the ideal cave for stu- like many other sinkholes and dents to know more about the ge- This natural reserve has an geological features in Lebanon, is ology of our Lebanese mountains. amazing waterfall, which drops under threat from contamination This cave has two entrances and 255 meters. During winter and of water flowing into the Sinkhole, is the second longest horizontal spring, the sinkhole entirely swal- uncontrolled sports activities in- cave in Lebanon, measuring 5,460 lows the Wadi Baatara spring; side the sinkhole and others… Pic 1 to 4: Roueiss Cave. meters and maintaining an all year thus, creating the magnificent wa- round temperature of 16° C. terfall with water vapors rising to One cannot but only be amazed by galleries require special training flashlights be turned off in order to the surface. The stream is mainly such places that illustrate how much Students were split into groups and equipment to reach them. ‘feel’ the cave. The extreme dark- fed by the springs of Ain Daaouq the underground world is a complicat- of 10 each with two expert guides ness and silence with expectation of and Ain Arbit, in addition to runoff ed system. This is God’s work! from ALES. Each member in the Once in, except for the sound the sound of dripping water helped from rain and snowmelt during the As a conclusion, this adventur- group was provided with a safety of the dripping water, silence and us appreciate this phenomenal mas- winter and spring seasons. ous day led the students to widen helmet mounted light. The middle total darkness engulf the cave. The terpiece lying beneath the earth. Due their perspectives and to under- level only was planned for explora- cave floor contained differently sized to the deposits of calcium carbonate In 1985, SCL injected a dye in stand the greatness of Mother tion given time limitations and the rocks and some of which were slip- and other minerals, stalactites and the sinkhole. It reappeared 13 hours Nature, which is full of mysteries fact that the upper and lower pery. The guide requested that all stalagmites covered the ceiling and later in Nabaa Ed Dalli spring, which both above and below ground. ISSUE 61 34 35 JUNE 2014

GEO 201 – PHYSICAL nese territory more than 200 mil- tion. They use only manual tools, such as hammers, chisels, picks, and GEOLOGY, lion year ago, is the first homeland spades to avoid damaging the stone or its "inhabitants." It is possible to DR. LEILA KHALAF-KAIROUZ, of the fish fossils. The location of detect the presence of fossil fish through minor signs, such as shade the fossil animals varies between changes, cracks, and swellings in the rock. The role of luck in this pro- A Journey into the two to 200 meters in depth at the cess is also significant. “Sometimes,” Saad says, “we dig for days Dormant Seas of Lebanon coastline. The presence of these without finding a fossil and sometimes one simple stroke is sufficient to NIZAR ABOUL HOSN, numerous animals, well preserved unveil a whole epoch of the Earth’s history.” FOUAD EL-KHATIB (without post-mortem displace- ment) at the same level, indicates This quarry has been visited by many, including: a sudden and simultaneous death that can be described as follows: - The National Museum of Beirut, the Lebanese Direction of The GEO 201-Physical Geology After a stretch of heavy rainfall, Antiquities that co-founded a fossil museum in Jbeil with the help course students, along with the microscopic animals and plants of UNESCO; course instructor, Dr. Leila Khalaf- (plankton) developed on the wa- - The Lebanese University (LU) and the American University of Kairouz, on March 25, 2014, joined ter surface, sometimes changing Beirut (AUB) in Lebanon; Students walking to the site in Haqel. a field trip organized by Mr. Omar the color of the sea and turning its - The National History Museum of London in the U.K.; Sakr, instructor of TTM 326-Do- color to a reddish or greenish tint. - The University of Lyon 1 in France. mestic Travel and Tourism, to the Such a phenomenon is currently dormant seas in Haqel, home of Students “fishing” for fossils at the Haqel quarry site. witnessed on some coasts and is Lebanon’s fish fossils. The Leba- known as “water bloom.” Conclusion nese village Haqel (meaning, field) with a population of 400 lies in This plankton does not only There is no site in the world that offers diversity, such as the one ACADEMIC & STUDENT ACTIVITIES the highlands of the district of deplete the water of its dissolved found in Lebanese sites. The fossils available are an extraordinary sam- Jbeil (Byblos), 650 meters above oxygen, but also releases some ple of the Mediterranean region at that epoch (100 million years ago). sea level and 57 kilometers from substances that are poisonous to Among the fish, some still exists while others disappeared a long time Beirut. Haqel, Hjoula, and El- aquatic animals and causes their ago. Today, more than 400 species of fish, sea urchins, worms, bugs, Nammoura are located near By- sudden death in what is known plants are identified with more than 800 other species still not identified, blos; these sites are famous for as massive fish kills. Upon their raising the total number of species found in the Lebanese sites to more their quarries rich in marine fish death, the fish sink to the bottom than 1,200. fossils (1,300 species), such as and due to the excellent fossiliza- starfish, crustaceans, and sunfish, tion conditions, allowing a fast de- among others. These fish fossils position of sediments on the bod- are also found worldwide in coun- ies of the dead animals, will not tries, such as Monte Bolea in Italy, have time to decompose; thus, Solnhofen in Germany, and Green remaining intact. River in the U.S.A. Due to the movement of the continental plates and the drop in History sea level, these marine fossils appear in the mountains, Mount Leb- Eusebe de Cesaree, Bishop of anon in particular. Erosion subse- Palestine, was the first to write quently reveals the layers where about the fish fossils in Lebanon. the fish originally were preserved. He considers them as the wit- The fossils discovered are usually nesses of the Deluge of Noah. beautiful with dazzling colors due Mr. Pierre Abi Saad, the fossil These fish fossils, however, are to the presence of mineral salt in specialist and guardian. considered a valuable gift. Sire the sediments ranging from red de Joinville narrates how a fossil and blue to green and brown. fish was presented to Louis IX of France during one of his crusades to the Middle East. Excavation and Fossil Studies

Genesis of the Sites Pierre Abi Saad and his family are the guardians of this trea- The Mediterranean Sea (Thet- 1 Sunfish, a valuable species. sure; they preserve 80 percent of hys Sea), which covered the Leba- this quarry for the next genera- ISSUE 61 36 37 JUNE 2014

“Trees for Life” Trees play a vital role in rural and urban populations. They are needed to enrich and anchor soil, maximize Thilda Hajj RIACHY* water supplies, beautify and humanize townships and urban areas, and provide shade and shelter to all living organisms. Trees are also crucial for biodiversity conservation. Products and services from trees include food, timber, medicines, and energy.

Notre Dame University-Louaize Forests play an important role in climate change. The destruction and degradation of forests exacerbate (NDU) is a leading private institu- the problem through the release of carbon dioxide (CO2). Planting new forests; however, can help mitigate tion of higher education and one against climate change by removing CO2 from the atmosphere. that is permanently setting ex- Combined with the sun's energy, the captured carbon is converted into trunks, branches, roots, and leaves ecutive procedural plans toward via the process of photosynthesis. It is stored in this "biomass" until being returned back into the atmosphere, enhancing the process of planting whether through natural processes or human interference; thus, completing the carbon cycle. trees within the University Cam- pus and its vicinity. The main aim Tree planting and plantation forestry are well established in both the private and public sectors. of the University is to strengthen In Lebanon, many governmental institutions and NGOs, as well as institutions of higher education have students’ commitment to their been attempting to restore the mountains of Lebanon to their original glory. Such institutions are setting pro- land and improve students’ envi- cedural plans to plant trees in various areas in Lebanon. ronmental awareness, concerning Laurel seedlings planted by students during the event. the benefits of the planting process. Ambassador Fletcher and Fr. Moussa participating in the planting event. Based on this outlook, the Fac- ulty of Natural and Applied Scienc- ACADEMIC & STUDENT ACTIVITIES es (FNAS) and the Department of Sciences at NDU, in collaboration with the NGO Save Energy Plant Trees (SEPT), organized on Thurs- day, May 29, 2014, a tree planting event titled, “NDU Forest.”

Present were H.E. the British Ambassador to Lebanon Mr. Tom Fletcher, NDU President Fr. Walid Moussa, the Dean of the FNAS Dr. George M. Eid, Chairperson of the Sciences Department Dr. Co- lette Kabrita Bou-Serhal, and SEPT President Mr. Pierre Haddad. In NDU students of all majors answering the call the FNAS and SEPT to plant trees on Campus. addition, many professors, lab instructors, and a large number of students were actively involved and demonstrated great enthu- The sciences body: Faculty and students. siasm during the event. Partici- pants were given the opportunity to plant a tree and express their respect for the environment in which they live.

More importantly, H.E. Mr. Fletcher and Rev. Fr. Moussa participated in the planting process, and both delivered speeches, focusing on the environmental and patriotic significance of participating in such an event. The ambassador’s involvement reflected his commitment to both Lebanon A memorable picture of event organizers, faculty, and staff with H.E. on site. and NDU.

*MS Biology ISSUE 61 38 39 JUNE 2014

FNHS Ms. Melissa Abs (New Exhibition Hall, April 10, 2014). Organizes Awareness “NUTRICISE” Campaign

DR. JESSY EL-HAYEK WAS A POPULAR

The Faculty of Nursing and In addition, DiaLeb, a Non- first prize (US$300), Ms. Chris- EVENT; Health Sciences (FNHS) at Notre governmental Organization (NGO) tie Zgheib took second (US$200), Dame University-Louaize (NDU) involved in diabetes awareness and Ms. Diane Sarkis took third IT ATTRACTED in collaboration with the Student in Lebanon, participated in the (US$100). Chef Abi Frem then Union (SU) organized between measurement of blood glucose. shared one of his secret healthy MORE April 10 and 11, 2014, a two-day Ms. Rana el-Said (a graduate of salad recipes with the audience. nutrition awareness campaign the nutrition program) offered at- THAN 300 titled, “Nutricise.” The aim of tendees tailored nutritional advice. On the second day of the event, the campaign, which Byblos Bank On the first day of the event, at- Ms. Yelena Saad and her team from PARTICIPANTS sponsored, was to encourage tendees attended a grocery- the NDU Gym ignited the Main FROM NDU NDU community members to as- shopping workshop held by Ms. Campus with their Zumba martial sess their health and nutritional Melissa Abs, senior student in the arts moves to hip-swaying Latino AND status on regular basis as well nutrition program, which was ac- beats. In addition, a team of faculty as to help them to adopt health- companied by the distribution of members and a team of students FULFILLED ACADEMIC & STUDENT ACTIVITIES ier food choices and engage in a healthy snacks from many of the enthusiastically competed in three more active lifestyle. sponsors (Food Engineers, Spe- sports activities (rope pulling, dodge ITS cial K, Ergo Tea, Virginia’s Choco- ball, and push-ups); surprisingly, fac- During the event, members of lates, and Holter Candies). Faculty, ulty members won the competition. INTENDED the SU, nutrition and nursing stu- students, and staff also gathered Daily nutrition trivia accompanied the dents, and FNHS faculty members around a “healthylicious” cooking event and more than ten winners OBJECTIVES. volunteered to assess participants’ competition with Chef Hicham Abi were awarded jerseys from Sports anthropometric and biochemical Frem and Dr. Doris Jaalouk, acting Experts and gym memberships from measurements (measurements in- as jury members. Energy Sports. “Nutricise” was a cluded height, weight, body compo- popular event; it attracted more than sition, blood glucose, total cholester- The jury awarded three prizes to 300 participants from NDU and ful- ol, triglycerides, and blood pressure). the winners: Ms. Eliane Bassil took filled its intended objectives.

Winners of the competition: Student Union members, faculty members team, Ms. Yelena Saad and her team (Outside Space, April 11, 2014). Ms Jocelyne Issa, and a Bank Byblos representative (Outside Space, April 11, 2014). ISSUE 61 40

Nutrition Fair, Spring 2014 DR. KHALIL BADAOUI, DR. JACQUELINE DOUMIT

The Faculty of Nursing and Health Sciences (FNHS) at Notre Dame University-Louaize (NDU) organized on June 6, 2014, its annual activity-filled Nutrition Fair. The NTR 201 students put great efforts into their interactive pre- sentations, which were filled with important nutrition information and NTR 201 students: Dalia Hachem and Abeer Lteif sharing with shared on the Main Campus with other NDU students their topic, “Veganism,” and Tabouleh. all Faculties, staff, and students. The Fair also included healthy samplings of food and drinks, as well as an active fitness show organized by one of our sponsors, The Fitness Academy Tour, where some students and instructors got into the spirit and enjoyed a heavy half an hour exercise class with Mr. Chadi Hatem.

It was nice to see all students and faculty members cheerfully interacting outside the classroom, as NTR 201 students explained their nutritional topics while actively applying what they learned in class. The cake-cutting ceremony to celebrate the achievements NDU students partaking in a sports competition. of the FNHS honor students concluded the event.

Special thanks to our sponsors: Fitness Academy Tour, Diet Delights, Argo Tea, and Kaak Zaman. NORTH LEBANON CAMPUS

The FNHS celebrating the Dean’s Honor List (Fall 2013-2014). ISSUE 61 42 43 JUNE 2014

ENG 201 PROJECT FIELD SAMPLING: AMCHIT AND BYBLOS COASTLINE

Within the scope of the course Introduction to Engineering (ENG Within the scope of CEN 599: Engineering Design II, Dr. Elsy Ibrahim 201) at Notre Dame University- supervised a group of three students who worked on coastal flooding Louaize (NDU), engineering stu- along the Byblos coastline. As part of the project, she and her students dents carried out a project in held several visits to the area during Spring 2014, surveying the coast- May 2014 at both the Main Cam- line under study and meeting with engineers from the municipality. pus and North Lebanon Cam- pus (NLC). The teams built Rube Goldberg machines, which are contraptions purposely over-engi- neered to perform a simple task in a complex fashion, usually including a chain reaction. The projects

were showcased in front of a jury LEBa non campus NORTH on both Campuses. These striking projects are currently on display at NLC’s Amphitheater.

2ND IEEE LEBANON LCRD 2014

The IEEE Lebanon Chapter Com- Lebanese University (LU), etc., as with a welcome speech delivered by munication Society in collaboration well as foreign and local research Dr. Chady el-Moucary, Coordinator of with the Faculty of Engineering centers, such as Université Euro- the FH at NLC, and Dr. Bachar el-Has- (FH) at the Notre Dame University- péenne de Bretagne, Telecom Sud- san, Chairperson of the IEEE ComSoc Louaize North Lebanon Campus Paris, Université de Lille, Orange Lebanon Chapter, presented a compre- (NDU-NLC) organized on Saturday, Telecom, and Mobinet. hensive introduction and summary of May 3, 2014, an event titled, “2nd the IEEE ComSoc activities. IEEE Lebanon Communications Re- The theme gleaned the latest tech- search Day (LCRD) 2014.” nologies and challenges in the field of The program included three plenary Telecommunications and the 4G and sessions enriched by discussions and The Research Day gathers re- 5G mobile services, such as security a Q&A session, which involved around searchers and professors from the issues, networks, green communica- a hundred attendees. Students from most prestigious universities in Leba- tion, antennas, coding, etc. across Lebanon, including NLC’s EE non, such as NDU, American Uni- and CCE students, commented on the versity of Beirut (AUB), Balamand, The program started at 8.30 a.m. benefits of having attended the event.

ISSUE 61 44 45 JUNE 2014

INTERVIEWING NAAMEH MUNICIPALITY EMPLOYEES AND VISITING ITS LANDFILL SCE Students Conduct Beach Clean-up

Within the scope of CEN 599: Engineering Design II, Dr. Elsy Ibrahim supervised a group of four students, Students of the Society of Civil Engineers (SCE) at the Notre Dame University-Louaize North Lebanon studying temporal changes of the Naameh landfill and its environs. Dr. Ibrahim went with her students on Campus (NDU-NLC) on Sunday, May 11, 2014, participated in a nationwide coastal clean-up campaign orga- June 7, 2014, to Naameh to interview employees of the municipality regarding the landfill before making a nized by Operation Big Blue Association (OBBA). NLC students were tasked with cleaning up a public beach stop at the landfill itself. in Batroun. Several locals appreciated this initiative and were motivated to help the team accomplish their beach clean-up efforts. Before the day was through, the NLC students ensured that the beach was spotless for bathers and surfers to enjoy. NORTH LEBa non campus NORTH

SEMINAR:

“Old Dwelling Construction” NDU RALLY PAPER-14

The Society of Civil Engineers Notre Dame University-Louaize (SCE) at Notre Dame University- North Lebanon Campus (NDU- Louaize North Lebanon Campus NLC) organized between April 26 (NDU-NLC) organized on Tuesday, and 27, 2014, an exceptional event, June 10, 2014, at 12.30 p.m., in the NDU Rally Paper-14. This first- the NLC Seminar Room, a semi- of-a-kind event at NDU involved nar titled, “Old Dwelling Construc- the Main Campus and NLC. The tion,” which was presented by event was themed, "Road Safety," Mrs. Rita Akoury. and its mission was to raise funds for the Lebanese Red Cross. The The seminar, which targeted first round of the Rally Paper in- Civil Engineering and Architec- volved an educational competition ture students, covered old build- in which participants were tested ing techniques used in Lebanon on their general knowledge. and the energy efficiency of these dwellings, such as ventilation and On the NLC side, the Ac- lighting techniques. Mrs. Akoury tive Student Club (ASC) and the also showed the different types Society of Civil Engineers (SCE) of construction and compared the in collaboration with all Student dwellings of old Lebanese cities to Clubs and Societies organized the the construction of villages during event. The event took six months the same period. The PowerPoint to prepare, but it was well worth presentation revealed the evo- it as 50 cars revved their engines lution of materials used in both at the NLC start line amid cheers the interior and exterior of those and music blaring, and screeched dwellings. off to the finish line. ISSUE 61 46 47 JUNE 2014

The organizers were tasked with: VISIT OF THE DEAN OF THE FE AND DEPARTMENTS’ CHAIRS - Arranging and hosting on April 25 a briefing event at NLC, whichin - cluded a presentation of the rules and regulations, registration of teams, and a presentation of safety regulations by the Lebanese Red Cross; The Dean of the Faculty of Engineering (FE) Professor Michel Hayek and the Chairs of Departments (ECCE, - Managing the launch event; CEE, and ME) visited on December 12, 2013, and May 2, 2014, the Notre Dame University-Louaize North - Preparing car safety protocols and implementing safety checks pro- Lebanon Campus (NDU) to meet with faculty members, staff, and students. cedures for the two-day event; - Organizing and planning the routes for the first day, which started at These semestrial visits are initiated by a meeting held with NDU-NLC Director Fr. Samir Ghsoub and fol- NLC, covered various coastal and mountainous areas in the North, lowed by a series of purposive meetings and seminars, regarding the latest issues that need be announced and ended in Mount Lebanon; and/or shared with the NDU Community. The major subject on the agenda for the 2013-2014 academic year - Organizing games for the first day at NLC, including riddles, chal- was the ABET accreditation for the FE. In this regard, Dr. Naji Khoury, the Coordinator of the ABET accredita- lenges, games, IQ tests, etc.; tion process, gave an updated and comprehensive presentation. In addition, specific surveys have been col- - Advertising the event through TV interviews, radio ads, and flyers that lected, concerning Student Outcomes (SOs), Course Learning Objectives (CLOs), and others. Every time, the were distributed to various universities; visit concludes with a tour of the facilities and the engineering labs where various CE, EE, and CCE labs have - Collecting and structuring up to 600 clever and multi-themed questions; been installed and/or upgraded.

- Sourcing sponsors to fund the event; LEBa non campus NORTH - Shooting videos and taking photos for the entire event; - Providing a DJ for the various activities, including the closing ceremony at the Main Campus; - Recruiting 20 teams from various universities and many scouts to participate in this event.

The prizes were a combination of cash and gifts that amounted $10,000, $5,000, and $2,000, for the first, second, and third places respectively. The winners of the first NDU Rally Paper were: GIS DAY AT NLC • 1st: Rotaract- AUB • 2nd: Scout Green Feel • 3rd: Engineering Without The Department of Computer to the basics of GIS and spatial analy- troduction to GIS and an overview of Borders (EWB)- NDU Science at the Faculty of Natural sis, using available open-source GIS Quantum GIS. The workshop covered & Applied Sciences (FNAS), Notre tools, specifically Quantum GIS. Geographic Data Creation and Ma- Celebration and awards distribu- Dame University-Louaize North Leb- nipulation, Data Queries, Vector-Based tion took place on Monday May 12, anon Campus (NDU-NLC), organized Participants were faculty members Analysis, Raster/Terrain-Based Analy- 2014, at the NDU Main Campus. The on Saturday, May 3, 2014, from 8:30 and students from the Departments of sis, and Additional Plugins. event was able to raise US$2,500 for a.m. to 4:00 p.m., a GIS Day. Science, Computer Science, Electrical the Lebanese Red Cross. and Computer and Communication En- The feedback received from The objectives of the workshop, gineering, and Civil Engineering. participants was positive. Certifi- which was conducted by Mr. Wassim cates were distributed to everyone Katerji, were to introduce participants The workshop began with an in- who completed the workshop. ISSUE 61 48 49 JUNE 2014

Presentation The first speaker, Dr. Ghosn, on the role of the IMC, which pays doctors who examine Syrian or Leba- discussed the polio status in Leba- nese patients and also provides or donates medicine for patients who non and went on to explain how visit the dispensaries. The Medical Mobile Unit (MMU) also trains Syrian The Faculty of Natural and Applied Sciences (FNAS) at Notre Dame the infectious poliovirus is rapidly refugees or Lebanese citizens to prevent the spread of diarrhea, bron- University-Louaize North Lebanon Campus (NDU-NLC) organized on Fri- spreading across the Arab region chitis, etc., and to raise awareness on the importance of hygiene and day, April 4 , 2014, at noon, a presentation titled, “Divine Rhythm of Al- due to the influx of Syrian refu- vaccination. This organization is also providing a free drug called Pepkit gorithm: An Analogy Between Religion and Computer Science,” which gees. Her activities focus on rais- for rape victims. In addition, these centers care for the mental health of Fr. Tony Rouhayem delivered in the NLC Conference Room. ing awareness to this regional cri- Lebanese/Syrian patients. sis. Dr. Ghosn explained that she Fr. Rouhayem’s talk was about drawing similarities between science belongs to a group whose main and religion, and proving that these approaches are not in conflict but that mission is to enhance surveillance they complement each other. The speaker gave reasonable evidence to and find solutions to this danger- prove that religion is the basis of everything, especially science. He also ous virus. introduced the concept of algorithm and proved that it is applicable in both science and religion. He defined and explained how God’s algo- The first solution is garnering rithm works. He concluded that the perfect algorithm is choosing God the support of professionals who

and that love leads to salvation; therefore, if human beings resort to take action after the various mu- LEBa non campus NORTH love, then they will overcome all obstacles that hinder their lives. nicipalities inform them of those infected with the virus or those who show symptoms of the virus. Another solution is conducting vaccination campaigns to reduce the possibility of Lebanese children being affected by this looming virus that has already circu- lated in Palestine, Iraq, and Egypt. She also discussed the status of measles, which has originated in Lebanon, and stressed the en- hancement of a national vaccination program to reduce its spread. The last virus she elaborated on is Leishmaniasis, which is infect- ing Syria refugees only and whose origin is from Syria. She gave the PUBLIC LECTURE AT NLC audience the website — www. moph.gov.lb — to read further on the national protocol for di- The Faculty of Nursing and agnosis and treatment of these Health Sciences (FNHS) at Notre communicable diseases: Polio, Dame University-Louaize North measles, and Leishmaniasis. The Lebanon Campus (NDU-NLC) orga- speaker concluded that polio is a nized on Tuesday, April 29, 2014, at real threat, because it is invading 12:30 p.m., a public lecture in the the Arab region and especially the Conference Room (second floor) hosting Lebanese communities titled, “Syrian Refugees and the since the Lebanese borders are Rise of Communicable Diseases in open. She warned that the Leba- Lebanon - An Update.” nese children are at high risk to catch these diseases if swift mea- The lecture was delivered by sures are not taken to reduce the both Dr. Nada Ghosn, Head of risks of these threats. the Epidemiological Surveillance Program at the Lebanese Ministry The second speaker, Samar of Public Health, and Mrs. Samar Asayli, is a delegate from the IMC Abou Assaly, Foe-cal Point of Case group that has several health cen- Managers at the International ters in Belha, Akkar, Tripoli, and Medical Corps (IMC). South Lebanon. She elaborated ISSUE 61 50 51 JUNE 2014

CELEBRATING YOUR talked about her great experiences DEAN’S HONOR LIST: NEXT STEP 2014 as an NDU student. A documen- SPRING 2014 tary was screened in which four NDU Alumni (one from NDU /NLC) Notre Dame University-Louaize North Lebanon Campus (NDU-NLC) talked about their success stories Notre Dame University-Louaize in collaboration with the Alumni Affairs Office organized on Wednes- and their experiences at NDU. (NDU) through its Mission en- day, May 28, 2014, the annual event titled, “Celebrating Your Next Step courages its students to achieve 2014.” The event gives the Graduating Class of 2014 the opportunity to Finally, Fr. Moussa delivered academic excellence. One of the talk with NDU President Fr. Walid Moussa, Assistant Vice-President for an inspiring address in which he many means of encouragement Academic Support Mr. Simon Abou Jaoude, and NDU-NLC Director, Fr. called upon the students to be and recognition is the Dean’s List Samir Ghsoub. brave when tackling the challeng- of Excellence. es they would face in the future. Following Fr. Ghsoub’s welcome address, Mr. Abou Jaoude spoke to He also reminded them to remain A ceremony was held on June the students about the privileges attached to being an NDU Alumni. Ms. true to the moral standards of 3, 2014, at 6:30 p.m., at the North Melissa Areigy, a tentative Spring graduate, then took the podium and NDU and all its teachings. Lebanon Campus (NLC) to honor all NLC’s outstanding students

who were on the Dean’s Honor LEBa non campus NORTH List. Proud parents were invited to attend this ceremony to support their children. Others present were the NDU-NLC Director Fr. Samir Ghsoub, coordinators, and deans of different Faculties from the NLC and the Main Campus, part-timers, and staff.

The event began with the Leba- nese national anthem, followed by a speech delivered by Dr. George Eid. Dr. Eid praised the efforts of the University in trying to help students face social challenges and pursue academic endeavors. He said that he was pleased with the cordial, family-like interaction between NLC faculty members and students. He also said that he was proud of the way NDU made every effort to help its student find job opportunities in Lebanon so that they would not be forced to emi- grate. Dr. Eid praised the University on its efforts to obtain international accreditation, and he also praised the new developments in its curricula. He specifically commended Fr. Ghsooub on his hard work in developing a viable transportation means for students, giving financial aid, and considering the economic situation of some parents.

Ms. Elsie Gerges, the event’s host, then started calling faculty coordinators individually to present the Honor List certificate to the students of their respec- ISSUE 61 52 53 JUNE 2014

tive Faculty. Upon hearing their FOUNDERS’ DAY AT NLC names called, each student went up to stage, accepted the certificate from their respective coordi- Every year, Notre Dame Uni- nator, and had their picture taken versity-Louaize (NDU) eagerly with Fr. Ghsoub. In between the awaits the special day that com- awarding ceremony, Vivian Saa- memorates its founding: Found- de, an NLC student with a beauti- ers’ Day, which is observed with ful voice, took to the stage to sing a sense of pride, unity, and pas- a few classic Arabic songs, inspir- sion. The North Lebanon Campus ing hope and strength. After the (NLC) celebrated Founders’ Day certificate-giving ceremony end- on Friday May 23, 2014. NLC fac- ed, some students from the Fac- ulty members, staff, and students ulty of Humanities (FH) and the brought along with them friends Faculty of Architecture, Art and from outside the University to en- Design presented a small play joy this special occasion and all its

titled, “Fart Zen,” which cracked activities. LEBa non campus NORTH up the audience. The crowds began arriving on Campus as all the booths, sponsors, and amusement and entertainment stands were being set up. The anthems of both Lebanon and the University were played, and the crowd stood up to show their respect.

Fr. Samir Ghsoub, Director of NDU-NLC, delivered a succinct but rousing speech and officially declared Founders’ Day open. In his speech, Fr. Ghsoub thanked all students and staff for attending and announced that given the significant increase in the University student population, NLC would start adding new buildings to the Campus.

Following the hilarious play, Fr. Some clubs then entered with Ghsoub reiterated on how proud their huge vehicles and started he was of all students and com- cooking meat and roasting marsh- mended their hard work. He also mallows over previously prepared confirmed that over the course of fires. The Radical Fitness Group the next two months, NLC would then rushed on stage and enthusi- witness new construction projects astically demonstrated to a highly in its ongoing bid to expand the receptive audience some fight and Campus. The event then moved dance moves. The band Headache to the second floor where every- then took the stage and played a one enjoyed a big buffet. number of exhilarating instrumen- tal tunes. The presidents of NLC Clubs then walked on stage to introduce their stands.

Afterward, the winners of the NDU-NLC Rally Paper Event were announced and invited on stage ISSUE 61 54 55 JUNE 2014

to receive their trophies. In addi- SOCCER SHOW tion, Dr. Elsie Ibrahim and Dr. Rim Khoury were offered a humble token from NDU/NLC for their The Freewill Club at Notre Dame University-Louaize North Lebanon Campus (NDU-NLC) invited on May 29, dedicated efforts in organizing the 2014, Frenchman Arnaud Sean Garnier, the first world champion of Red Bull Street Style, to visit NLC as part event. Finally, NLC staff took to of the ongoing Red Bull campaign. the stage for a group photo and the cutting of the celebration cake. During his introductory speech, Garnier expressed his passion for football and how he became what he is now. He then started asking the audience to cheer him on and made clever jokes to grab the audiences’ at- Before the guest singers ar- tention. Garnier demonstrated superior skills and abilities by maneuvering the ball around his legs even, with rived, the celebrations continued his eyes closed, which impressed even the most experienced players in the audience. with a DJ spinning some tunes for the club parades to follow. Garnier then challenged people in the audience to play a friendly match of mini-football with him to show When the singers arrived, they not only his skills in freestyle but also his professionalism in playing soccer in general. At the end of the act, fired up the atmosphere and had he even demonstrated his most sophisticated moves, which affected the audience positively. In conclusion, the crowd dancing, cheering, and the audience really loved Garnier and would definitely love to see more of him.

doing the national dabkeh. In be- LEBa non campus NORTH tween the singers’ performances, the winners of the tombola were announced, and the event ended around 1:00 a.m.

For the University, it has always been and will always be a special day to remember. 57 JUNE 2014

“CELEBRATING YOUR NEXT STEP 2014”

Notre Dame University-Louaize likened the student-Alma Mater process and the importance of tak- Shouf Campus (NDU-SC) held on relationship to that of a mother and ing part in both the Commence- June 3, 2014, its annual event titled, child. Children move on, but the ment Ceremony and Commence- “Celebrating Your Next Step 2014.” bosom of their mother is always ment Dinner, which bring together NDU President Fr. Walid Moussa there for them. He concluded by all three Campuses under one roof. and Assistant Vice-President for saying, “Education is not about He told them to keep abreast of Academic Support Mr. Simon Abou gathering information and reciting NDU news via social media net-

Jaoude visited the SC to meet with formulas. Education is continuous works and the NDU Website. He SHOUF camp us the Graduating Class 2014. attainment of knowledge through then gave the floor to Fr. Moussa. self-development and reading; it NDU-SC Director Fr. Francois can only reflect itself in the high Fr. Moussa thanked Fr. Akl for Akl welcomed Fr. Moussa and religious and moral standards of his efforts in helping to produce spoke to the graduating students, the graduating students along such a high caliber of graduating emphasizing that graduation is not with their seriousness, humble- students. He told the Graduat- an end but a beginning. Fr. Akl ness and open-mindedness.” ing Class that many challenges told them that despite the national lay ahead, but that he was certain and global woes, they are Leba- Mr. Abou Jaoude then took the that they were ready to face them non’s everlasting sunshine. He podium to discuss the graduation all by breaking the barriers and

SHOUF CAMPUS ISSUE 61 58 59 JUNE 2014

building solid careers in their cho- Ms. Marlene Ghanem then classes were and where your fu- DEAN’S LIST AWARDS FOR FH AND FBAE STUDENTS sen disciplines. He stressed that took the podium. She thanked the tures were shaped.” He encour- the ultimate goal of NDU is to build NDU Administration for having the aged them to dream and keep on citizens who are morally, spiritually, foresight to open the SC, which dreaming, but not to do so alone, The Faculty of Business Administration and Economics (FBAE), and and psychologically up to the chal- has since its founding been a great because without sharing a dream, the Faculty of Humanities (FH) at Notre Dame University-Louaize Shouf lenge. What sets them apart from success. She spoke highly of the it becomes a nightmare. Campus (NDU-SC) organized on June 6, 2014, their annual event, honor- other graduating students from SC Faculty and staff, and thanked ing students eligible to receive the Dean’s List Award. The coordinators other institutions is an identity that them for helping her and her class- Mr. Abou Jaoude then spoke of both Faculties began the ceremony with a short speech, followed by a is built on good reputation, sincer- mates throughout the years. Ms. again to the students about the word delivered by Ms. Jessica Hanna, the student with the highest GPA. ity, and high moral standards. He Ghanem pleaded with the Admin- Alumni Association and screened After the distribution of awards, students and faculty members celebrat-

reassured them that academically istrators to start MA/MS programs a short video of NDU Alumni from ed the success of these high achievers over some refreshments offered SHOUF camp us they are ready for the job mar- at SC so that hundreds of students different Campuses talking about by the University. ket, because they have received would not have to study elsewhere their majors, their present careers, the best education; however, he for those degrees. and their best times at NDU. advised them to continually stay abreast of the latest developments Fr. Moussa then took the po- Finally, Ms. Niyanar Bou in their respective fields to main- dium again to address the ea- Ajram spoke on behalf of the SC tain those high standards. Finally, ger students. “Come back,” he Graduating Class 2014, thank- he expressed his pride in the SC said, “and visit these buildings ing the Administrators, Faculty, and the quality of students that where you spent so many good and staff members for the help graduate from it, promising to de- days; bring your spouses and chil- they extended to them over velop the Campus even further. dren and show them where your the years. ISSUE 61 60 61 JUNE 2014

OPEN DOORS AT SC SC HONORS HIGH SCHOOL PRINCIPALS

Notre Dame University-Louaize Shouf Campus (NDU-SC) organized Notre Dame University-Louaize on Wednesday, April 9, 2014, its Shouf Campus (NDU-SC) recently annual “Open Doors.” Despite the organized a special dinner on Cam- nationwide school strikes, students pus in Deir el-Kamar to honor high from many schools in the Shouf, schools principals from the regions of Aley, Choueifat, Eklim, Jezzine, and Shouf, south Lebanon, Jezzine, Aley,

Saida toured the Campus, met with and Metn. Present were: Fr. Joseph SHOUF camp us their future advisors and instructors, Bou Aoun, representing the Superior and were introduced to Campus fa- General of the Mariamite Maronite cilities and services. Some students Order Abbot Boutros Tarabay, es- also gathered information regarding teemed members of the clergy, chair- the Financial Aid Program. persons, coordinators, deans and directors from both the SC and the The Clubs decorated the Cam- Main Campus. pus outdoor area with attractive displays, games, competitions, Following the Lebanese national and many other fun activities. anthem, NDU-SC Director Fr. Fran- cois Akl welcomed the guests saying, “There is no greater respect than to open one’s heart and one’s home to friends.” Fr. Akl went on to explain the prominent role the SC plays in academia and in keeping abreast of global advancements in science and technology.

NDU President Fr. Walid Mous- sa in his speech stressed that the SC has played a remarkable and pioneering region in the Shouf by working hard to build strong and lasting bonds with high schools. He also thanked the SC administrators, Faculty, and staff for their hard work and commitment.

The dinner concluded with the promise that NDU representatives and school principals would continue to build even stronger bonds. ISSUE 61 62 63 JUNE 2014

CONFERENCE: “CIVIL The conference concluded with SC CELEBRATES FOUNDERS’ DAY 2014 Nicolas Saadeh Nakhleh roused the au- MARRIAGE IN LEBANON” the following recommendations: dience with some much-loved tunes. After Nakhleh’s performance, club pa- 1- Civil marriage still does not Notre Dame University-Louaize Shouf Campus (NDU-SC) celebrated rades and student dances followed, Notre Dame University-Louaize exist in Lebanon while all on Friday, May 23, 2014, Founders’ Day on its Campus located atop leading to a frenzy of all-night musical Shouf Campus (NDU-SC) held the civil marriages conduct- Mar Abda Hill in Deir el-Kamar, Shouf. Administrators, Faculty, staff, stu- performances. on May 30, 2014, its annual con- ed abroad are registered in dents, special guests, and communities from the Shouf region all gath- ference titled, “Civil Marriage in Lebanon. ered to enjoy the much-looked forward to annual event. The celebrities that graced the Lebanon.” The event was held on 2- The civil marriage contract Campus stage were: Michel Azzi, Ze- Campus in Deir el-Kamar under must not violate the belief in The Lebanese national anthem and NDU anthem kicked-off the celebrations inat, and Wissam al-Amir. The sing-

the auspices the Minister of Edu- personal freedom and must at around 3:00 p.m. NDU-SC Director Fr. Francois Akl warmly welcomed all those ers put on extraordinary hip-swaying SHOUF camp us cation and Higher Education Mr. not have negative implications present for the event. He spoke about the importance of having a sense of belong- performances. Fr. Akl honored them Elias Bou Saab, who was repre- on the issue of faith. The conference was conclud- ing to the University and of being true “NDUwiyyoun” or “NDUers” who uphold with special awards for their contri- sented by Mr. Eli Naim. 3- Legalizing the civil marriage ed with a lunch where the discus- the academic, social, and moral standards of their Alma Mater. Renowned Leba- bution in helping to make Founders’ contract in Lebanon can be sions continued. nese director Mr. Michel Khattar then took the stage to speak about the theme Day 2014 a memorable one. NDU-SC Director Fr. Francois the first step toward a civil used in the movies and pictures for NDU-SC Founders’ Day 2014. He spoke about Akl in his opening speech wel- government. The NDU-SC administration the daily ‘pictures’ we keep in our lives and the bigger picture of our achievements comed attendees, guests, and 4- Due to the different religious promised attendees that more of and successes. He discussed looking at life from different and positive perspec- speakers, and reassured them backgrounds of the Leba- these co-academic conferences, tives, and cherishing special moments. He also encouraged SC students to start that the best place to debate con- nese, a civil marriage should covering contemporary issues and an audiovisual club. troversial issues, such as “Civil only occur when there is topics, would be held regularly Marriage in Lebanon,” is the uni- consensus and absolute to help create social awareness, Fr. Akl then presented tokens of appreciation to select guests and sponsors. versity platform. agreement on this issue. tolerance, and progress. The cutting of the cake ended the opening ceremony while singer and musician

NDU President Fr. Walid Mous- sa then took the podium to present his opinion on the subject, clarifying that, contrary to common belief, the fact that he is a member of the clergy does not negate his academic nature when dealing with such sensitive and important social and religious issues. After his speech, Mr. Naim took the floor.

The first session was titled, “The Struggling Rituals/Beliefs.” The speakers were Mr. Ibrahim Shamsedding and Mr. Ghassan Mahmoud. The mediator was Mr. Anwar Daou.

The second session was titled, “Toward a Better Society: Keep the Law!” The speakers were President and Judge Ghaleb Ghanem and Mr. Farjallah Faw- waz. The mediator was Mr. An- toine Sfeir.

A few minutes were given before each session to Nidal and Khouloud, the famous couple who were the first to hold a civil marriage ceremony in Lebanon and register it under Lebanese law. ISSUE 61 64

EVENT: “LET’S TALK POETRY”

During Poetry Month, the Library at Notre Dame University-Louaize Shouf Campus (NDU-SC), in collaboration with the PR Office, organized on April 24, 2014, an event titled, “Let’s Talk Poetry.”

The event started with the Lebanese national anthem followed by a welcome speech delivered by SC Director Fr. Francois Akl. Dr. Sawssan Najjar, the host of the event, then introduced and talked about the life and works of renowned Lebanese poet and writer Said Akl. A song written by Akl and performed by legendary Lebanese diva Fairouz followed the talk. After the song, Dina Thebian, an NDU-SC student, read one of Akl’s poems.

Afterward, it was time to listen to the special guest of the event: The famous poet and songwriter Nizar Francis, who read to the audience two of his best works. Later, Hanin Ghanam and Refaat Ghanem, two talented NDU-SC students, took the podium to recite some of their beautiful poems. Finally, Fr. Akl presented Francis with an “Acknowl- edgement Award” in honor of his great works.

GENERAL NEWS ISSUE 61 66 67 JUNE 2014

NDU CELEBRATES 27TH FOUNDERS’ DAY “The Notre Dame University-Louaize (NDU) celebrated Founders’ Day Future on May 8 and May 16, 2014. The 27th Founders’ Day event is Our commemorates the rich heritage and promising future of NDU. Goal.” GENERAL NEWS The celebrations at the Main Campus were launched on May 8 with the annual Founders’ Day address delivered by NDU President Fr. Walid Moussa (reprinted here), which focused on his nine-year Fr. Walid Moussa delivering his speech on Founders’ Day 2014. experience as President of NDU. Present were: Administrators, faculty, staff, students, alumni, NDU friends, invited guests, and public figures.

Three documentaries, prepared by the Division of Audio Visual Arts at NDU, were screened. The themes of these documentaries were inspired from new technologies introduced at NDU, including the all-new Observatory. The montage high- lighted important events during the Academic Year 2013-2014. After the screening, Fr. Moussa joined administrators in cutting the celebratory cake. Fr. Ziad Antoun (pictured center), Vice-President for Administration, during Mass.

May 16 began with a special Mass organized by the Pastoral Office in which Fr. Ziad Antoun, Vice-President for Administration at NDU, was the main celebrant. Following Mass, the Students Activities Office (SAO) gathered students and members of the various NDU Clubs in the open area to light a candle to commemorate NDU’s 27th Anniversary. The theme of the event was titled, “The Future is Our Goal.”

Actors Youssef el-Khal and his wife, Nicole Bardawil, as well as many singers, and public figures joined in the fun to make it a memorable night. ISSUE 61 68 69 JUNE 2014 GENERAL NEWS

The 27th Founders’ Day event commemorates the rich heritage and promising future of NDU ISSUE 61 70 71 JUNE 2014 GENERAL NEWS

"RUN, LEAP, AND CELEBRATE FOR YOU ARE ALIVE TODAY!" - BRYANT MCGILL ISSUE 61 72 73 JUNE 2014

Address of Fr. Walid Moussa President of Notre Dame University – Louaize Founders’ Day 2014

Dear Friends, I have learned that higher learning cannot be fitted into a mold or confined within four walls. Moder- nity, technology, and the digital world compel us to ride in the groove of perpetual motion and constant What would a university president say were he to become a stu- change: We refuse obsolete curricula or ‘fossilized’ teaching methods. With the break of every new dent again, attend classes, and then be asked to evaluate nine years dawn, a novelty arises and imposes itself… It is, therefore, our responsibility and the responsibility of GENERAL NEWS of education? the authorities concerned to keep abreast of these new developments. We should break with conventions that are no longer in harmony with the constant revolutions of a new era. But how can we strike Yes, I admit before everyone here today that during my nine-year a balance between convention and modernity? During these past nine years, I have learned greatly tenure as President of NDU, I have learned more than I have taught. from this challenging question. I would not be exaggerating to say that our University has witnessed I am not sure whether that is a transgression or a mistake, or an significant developments in this new era, especially in the field of Information and Communications undeniable slip of human frailty. Technology (ICT).

Today, I stand before you, before my colleagues, and before other university presidents and del- I have learned that University work is a collective effort in which the President, faculty members, egates to open my heart to you and to share with you some lessons I have learned during my tenure in staff, and students must work as a team. We are all on the same ‘battlefield’ – a battlefield where the terms of higher education and national endeavor. President’s authority is not authoritarian and where the superior-subordinate relationship is not the norm. During the past nine years, I have always embraced everything that I have done in a spirit of I have learned that becoming president of a university is not the culmination of an individual’s career cooperation, solidarity, and partnership with all members of the University community. If I have ever in this institution; rather, it is a journey of personal development and growth. For us, priests and monks committed the mistake of making sole executive decisions, then such acts were due to urgent needs. dedicated to God, the presidency is a mission that can be assigned to any one of us so that, through God’s grace, we may fulfill this mission, and as Jesus Christ said, ‘Whosoever will be great among you, What have I learned? What have I not learned? I will leave those answers to colleagues and friends. shall be your minister: And whosoever of you will be the chiefest, shall be servant of all.’ (Mark 10:43- 44). Woe unto us should we be led astray or be misled by appearances, or be conceited fools. Do not Today, on the occasion of NDU’s Twenty-seventh Anniversary, I would like to extend my sincerest think the presidency— any presidency for that matter, even if it is the presidency of the republic — is thanks and appreciation to: the be all and end all for the tallest tree has never been the one to yield the most or the best fruit. First, God for all He has given us, through the intercession of the Virgin Mary, and for protecting our I have learned that no institution of higher education is an island alienated from the realities of the University. nation, society, politics, economics, religion, and security… We cannot simply say on a whim, ‘Let them stew in their own juice…’ Second, the Maronite Order of the Blessed Virgin Mary, represented by Most Reverend Abbot Gen- eral Boutros Tarabay, His Beatitude Patriarch Cardinal Mar Bechara Boutros al-Rahi, founding father of We are invited through cultural competence to willingly face these challenging realities and find solu- NDU, the Supreme Council, and all priests and colleagues with whom I have worked here and who tions. Yes, we, as educational institutions, ought to assume an important role in Lebanon to save our na- have assisted me in all endeavors. tion from meandering through the current minefields of personal conflicts of interest, which could in turn lead our country and us to creep ever closer to the cliff edge. The question then arises: ‘Are we ready to Third, the entire NDU community, starting with the Board of Trustees (BOT) presided over by Dr. assume our role?’ We have been entrusted with the task of shaping leaders and not blind followers. Francois Bassil; vice-presidents; deans; chairpersons; faculty members; staff; and all personnel, including everyone in the cleaning, maintenance, security, and gardening units. I have learned that higher education should not discriminate on the basis of religious, confessional, or political affiliation, or constituency and social class. Thanks to all of you, NDU will always distinguish itself as a prominent institution of higher education.

I affirm that I have learned that I must immerse myself in the service of the entire nation, just as Thank you all. Mary —whose name our University carries— is the Mother of all communities and all peoples. I also affirm that we have transcended narrow political interests and shameful financial practices. In reality, Long live NDU! one-third of our students (from a student population of seven thousand and five hundred) are unable to settle their tuition fees in full, and despite this looming truth, we never abandoned them, and they in Long live Lebanon! turn have never abandoned this University.

I also affirm that despite all circumstances, we, without prejudice, have respected the rights of students to express themselves freely. We have encouraged Student Elections because such elections exemplify democratic life. ISSUE 61 74 75 JUNE 2014

NDU JOB FAIR 2014 specific research studies that indi- thanked the participators for creat- cate objectively what the market ing job opportunities; rather, than in Lebanon needs, and based on simply being present to sell prod- The Placement Office, a unit this information, we will be will- ucts, and he reminded students under the Office of Public Affairs ing to review our curricula …” to remain deeply involved in the and Communications at Notre future of their country. Dame University-Louaize (NDU), NDU President Fr. Walid Mous- held from May 20 to 21, 2014, its sa in his speech said, “This Fair is After all the opening speeches annual Job Fair on the Main Cam- a bridge between employers and were delivered, the Job Fair 2014 pus. The Job Fair 2014 took place our graduates. These two seg- was officially declared open. under the patronage of the Minis- ments form a united society and GENERAL NEWS ter of Labor H.E. Mr. Sejaan Azzi. without them neither Lebanon nor the future can exist. I liken this The Job Fair brought together interaction to a University exam. many leading companies and or- Successfully passing an exam at ganizations, and featured a range NDU is insufficient; successfully of employers from diverse indus- passing a job interview and choos- tries, including banks, insurance ing the right job opportunity is the companies, contracting and engi- real exam… This year’s Job Fair neering firms, computer and com- has an added value, because it is munications businesses, catering being held under the patronage companies, hotels, schools, air- of His Excellency Mr. Jejaan Azzi lines, transportation businesses, whom we consider a dear friend retail and distribution firms, logis- and brother, and who cares about tics, NGOs, libraries, etc. our students as much as he cares about his children… Lebanon, This event gives students, grad- unfortunately, is suffering from uates, and alumni the opportunity a massive brain drain. Let us all to discuss with various company work together at every level to de- representatives career opportuni- velop a strategic, educational, so- ties (from internships to seasonal, Mrs. Layal Nehme Matar, Placement Officer, said in her speech, “We cial, and economic plan to help do part-time, and full-time jobs). These are indeed blessed that the Job Fair has become an annual event in away with this disturbing reality.” representatives are in a position to which our graduates and alumni can meet with prospective employers. give prospective candidates com- This interaction is a bridge over the dark and turbulent waters of suffer- For his part, Mr. Azzi said, “I pany and career information, and ing and the harrowing sounds of menacing thunder, and rest assured have every intention to lay a plan to offer them assignments with that our will, faith, and means of education are far stronger than these out for job opportunities in Leba- some of the top marketers. destructive forces. Together, we will try to surmount these challenges non in collaboration with the MoL and stand resolute in the face of this economic stagnation, political vacu- and NDU, and through the financ- The official opening was at- um, and psychological misery that has become our daily bread… We are ing of the World Labor Organiza- tended by H.E. Mr. Azzi.; NDU proud to have you all here today to invest and build your homeland. You tion (WLO) and the International President Fr. Walid Moussa; NDU are the yeast kneaded with love. Before you stand our youth educated Monetary Fund (IMF). The aim Vice-Presidents; NDU Shouf Cam- on all fronts: Academic, humanitarian, cultural, and fiducial. Hold them would be to study the issue of pus (SC) Director Fr. Francois Akl tightly as you would a holy relic, keep watch over them, and guard them competition between local and ; NDU North Lebanon Campus with your hearts. Minister Azzi, the patron of this event, has honored us foreign workers in Lebanon.” (NLC) Director Fr. Samir Ghsoub; here today with his presence. He loves his country and its youth, and NDU Faculty Deans; NDU faculty carries on his shoulders the burden of our nation’s citizens who trust Mr. Azzi went on to praise members, staff, students, alumni; him. He is here today to share in our success…” NDU students who are politically and representatives from various active and mentioned that Leba- companies and organizations as Mr. Souheil Matar, NDU Vice-President for Public Affairs and Com- non is not lacking in education; well as media representatives. munications, said in his speech, “Many strive for personal benefit, but rather, it is lacking in culture. He we strive for the benefit of our children. The government uses the congratulated NDU on being able Dr. Nada Saad Saber in her words ‘national interest’ as its slogan, and we, in our optimism, believe to provide its students with both welcome speech welcomed par- them; yet, true national interest starts here… The harmonious connec- education and culture. Mr. Azzi, ticipants and stressed the impor- tion between employer/employee relationships cannot exist if students moreover, stressed the fact that tance of hosting this annual event, are unable to obtain their degrees and enter the job market. For this students need guidance when which opens new horizons to reason, we are here with His Excellency Mr. Azzi, who is an open-mind- they graduate so that they can NDU graduates and alumni. ed, honest, patriotic, self-made man. We ask him to provide us with decide which path to follow. He ISSUE 61 76

JOB FAIR 2014: GALA DINNER

Notre Dame University- Louaize (NDU) invited on Friday, May 23, 2014, at 8:30 p.m., all Job Fair 2014 participants to a Gala Dinner at the NDU Restau- rant. Attending the dinner were: NDU President Fr. Walid Moussa, Vice-Presidents, Faculty Deans, and owners and representatives of companies, institutions, banks, and organizations.

During the Gala Dinner, Beirut Circle, a participating organization, was selected to participate free- of-charge in next year’s Job Fair, following a Lucky Draw Contest. Other worthy gifts were disturbed by various companies, such as Fiordelli Men’s and Women’s Wear, Dany Mouawad Jewelry, Beirut Circle, Four Seasons Hotel, Said Akl book collection, Souheil Mattar book collection, and a free hair styling session offered by Charbel Abboud, while Akira Paris distributed complimentary cos- metics.

Singers Paul Zougheib and Walid Boulous performed a large repertoire of oriental and occidental songs that flavored the gathering.

OFFBEAT 79 JUNE 2014

Bite-size MIDDLE EAST HUMAN BODY PARTS BUSINESS OUT OF THE ORDINARY news from “Fall From the Sky” in KSA Tap Into The Organic Craze Oldest Man Dies at Age 111 around the Human body parts recently fell from the sky in the Saudi Arabian city Need to invest? Go the for the organic food market, experts advise. Born February 4, 1903, in Poland,

world… of Jeddah, according to the Huffington Post. Horrified residents called The natural and organic food market is an attractive one, with produc- Alexander Imich, who was recent- OFFBEAT officers after the body parts landed in the road in the Mushrefa neigh- ers able to sustain premium pricing and a customer base that is more ly declared the oldest living man, (compiled from borhood of the city at 2.30 a.m. in June 2014. Early indications suggest loyal than that of the broader packaged-foods industry. According to the died on June 8, 2014, in New York, various sources by the body parts belong to a man stowed away in a passenger jet’s wheel Nutrition Business Journal, sales in the US$40 billion niche market grew U.S.A., at the age of 111, accord- MARIO NAJM) bay, police spokesman Nawaf bin Naser al-Bouq said. In a desperate by 11.5% in the past several years, but are expected to grow more than ing to reports. “In my life, I have attempt to cross borders, it is not uncommon for people at poorly moni- 14% through 2014. With people increasing opting for a healthier life, the witnessed the development of tored airports climb inside the bays housing aircraft landing gear. Most percentage of U.S. consumers buying at least some organic products flight, the automobile, electrifica- LEBANON of them freeze to death once the aircraft reach cruising altitude, but has grown from 40% in 2001 to nearly 85% in 2013. tion of nations, the telephone, the some survive. radio and television, atomic en- Hookah Smoking Worse ergy, the wonders of bio-scientific than Cigarettes medicine, computer technology, great advances in our knowledge of the cosmos, men walking on Researchers at the American the moon -- the list could go on University of Beirut (AUB) re- and on," Imich once said at the ported that smokers in a hookah age of 99. café inhaled more often and for longer periods than typical cigarette smokers. Some smokers inhaled 10 times as often as the typical cigarette smoker, and each inhalation contained as much as 10 times the amount of smoke obtained from an entire cigarette. The WHO scientists estimated that by puffing longer and inhal- WORLD ENTERTAINMENT ing puffs of greater volume, a wa- terpipe smoker could inhale the Too Much Love Can “Break” You Jackson Was “Desperately Broke” Before He Died equivalent of 100 cigarettes (five packs) or more during a single wa- terpipe session! Sometimes too much love can be a bad thing as Paris discovered last month Michael Jackson complained of being “desperately broke” when thousands of "locks of love" attached to a footbridge caused part of the rail- before his tragic death in the lead up to the This Is It comeback ing to collapse, forcing an evacuation. Thousands of lovers from across the world concerts at London's O2 Arena back in 2009, according to AEG Live's visit the Pont des Arts every year and seal their love by attaching a lock carrying chief executive Randy Phillips testifying in June 2014 at the trial their names to its railing and throwing the key in the Seine. The Pont des Arts against the late King Of Pop's wrongful death. According to crosses the French capital's river Seine just in front of the Louvre museum and is Phillips, the Thriller mega star needed to perform the mammoth known the world over for its "locks of love." The phenomenon has become some- 50 dates at the London venue recalling an emotional meeting with thing of a headache for officials in the City of Light, who would prefer something the star who confessed he and his family “were living like that poses fewer problems of security and aesthetics. vagabonds.” ISSUE 61 80 81 JUNE 2014

SPORTS DAUGHTERS OF THE SOIL:

World Cup 2014: Rima Fakih The Adidas Brazuca

Rima Fakih is widely believed The Adidas Brazuca is the of- to be the first Lebanese-American, OFFBEAT ficial match ball of the 2014 FIFA CULTURE the first Arab-American, and the World Cup, which was held in first Muslim to win the Miss USA Brazil. Created by Adidas, this Harvard Confirms Antique Book is Bound in Human Skin title. Born on September 22, 1985, is the first FIFA World Cup ball in Srifa, a small village in the Jabal named by fans. The colors and Harvard scientists have all-but confirmed that a 19th century book in the uni- Amel region of south Lebanon, ribbon design of the ball panels versity’s Houghton Library is bound by human skin, reports the New York Times. Fakih grew up in Mount Lebanon symbolize the traditional multi- The book in question, Arsène Houssaye’s French treatise, Des destinées de l’ame and attended St. Rita’s School. Her colored wish bracelets (fita do (On the Destiny of the Soul), may have been bound, using the skin of a woman’s parents moved the family to New Senhor do Bonfirm da Bahia) back. Though the test does not eliminate the possibility that the book is bound by HEALTH York in 1993 where they opened a worn in the country, in addition the skin of a “great ape or a gibbon,” scientists claim this is “extremely unlikely.” restaurant. Following the Septem- to reflecting the vibrancy and fun The practice dates back to at least the 16th century. Is Cardio Making You Fat? ber 11, 2001, attacks, the family associated with football in Brazil. was subjected to threats and van- According to FIFA, "The informal dalism based on their ethnicity. SCIENCE term 'brazuca' is used by Brazil- The answer is “yes,” accord- starts gaining and storing fat imme- Fakih’s father decided to move to a ians to describe national pride in safer zone and opted for Michigan. Healing Any Wound Through Science ing to recent studies. In fact, if you diately. This happens because the the Brazilian way of life," and "mir- want to gain weight, you should get body needs fat to function, and its roring their approach to football, on the treadmill or go out for a nice automatic response to stress is fat it symbolizes emotion, pride and Genetics will soon be combined with other technologies in the future to heal slow jog. Several new studies show storage for survival. According to goodwill to all." the damage created by trauma, burns, and even cancer, says Australian of the Year that long and boring cardio work- a study in the European Journal of Professor Fiona Wood from the University of Western Australia. "We'll see the outs actually sabotage your body’s Applied Physiology: People who per- construction of three dimensional tissues in the lab, such as skin, cartilage, cardiac natural ability to burn ugly belly fat. formed intense cardio suffered from and bone tissue: growing organs in Petri dishes, if you like," predicts Wood. We When you spend 30 or 60 minutes decreased T3 hormone production. will also start to see a multi-level characterization of the wound, cancer, or what- pounding away on a treadmill, you ever is being treated, from the external appearance right down to changes at the send your body a powerful signal genetic level, she says. "Once we understand what's going on at the genetic level, to start storing fat instead of burn- we'll enhance gene activity to make wounds heal faster and better." ing it. This is because when you do cardio, your body reacts to the stress by suppressing a very important hor- Fakih competed in her first pag- mone that is produced by the thyroid eant when she was 19, placing fourth to burn fat. When this hormone, runner-up at Miss Wayne County, a called T3, is suppressed, your body preliminary pageant for Miss Michigan in the Miss America system. In 2008, TOP JOKE Fakih was selected to represent Michi- gan in the Miss Lebanon Emigrant competition, which was held in Ba- Sherlock Holmes and Dr. Wat- like Earth out there. And if there troun, Lebanon. She finished behind son went camping. They pitched are a few planets like Earth out Carina el-Kaddissi of Brazil and Jessica TECHNOLOGY their tent under the stars and went there, there might also be life." Kahawaty of Australia. to sleep. Sometime in the middle And Holmes said, "Watson, Internet Use to Reach 5 Billion Worldwide in 2020 of the night, Holmes woke up Wat- you idiot! It means that somebody In May 2010, she represented son and said, "Watson, look up at stole our tent." Michigan at the Miss USA 2010 the sky, and tell me what you see." and won. During and after the Miss The number of Internet users will reach almost five billion in 2020, equivalent Watson replied, "I see millions USA pageant, Fakih's religious and to the entire world population in 1987. This compares with 1.7 billion users in 2010 and millions of stars." ethnic identity became the subject and only 360 million in 2000. Vast numbers of people in the developing world will Holmes said, "And what do you of widespread discussion. On the soon have access to the web, thanks to a combination of plummeting costs and deduce from that?" subject of identity, she was quoted exponential technology improvements. This includes laptops, phones, and tablet Watson replied, "Well, if there as saying, "I'd like to say I'm Amer- devices costing only a few tens of dollars, together with explosive growth in mo- are millions of stars, and if even ican first, and I am an Arab-Ameri- bile networks. Even some of the most remote populations on earth will soon take a few of those have planets, it’s can, I am Lebanese-American, and advantage of the web, thanks to expanding infrastructure. quite likely there are some planets I am Muslim-American.”

83 JUNE 2014

Obituaries It is with deep regret and sorrow that we announce the deaths BIRTH of the following individuals: ANNOUNCEMENT

- NADIA E. CHAAYA, mother of Ms. Roula Majdalani, full-time social We are happy to announce staff member at the FAAD; the birth of Antonia Bou Zgheib who was born on - FADI EMILE YAACOUB, cousin of Dr. Savo Karam, assis- Thursday, July 3, 2014. Anto- tant professor at the North Lebanon Campus (NLC), Faculty nia is the daughter of Theresa of Humanities. Bassil Bou Zgheib, Secretary, Office of Admissions at NDU. - MANSOUR ASSAAD HANNA EL-KHOURY (EL-HOUT), May God bestow his bless- father of Dr. Rim el-Khoury, Assistant Professor, FBAE ings on Antonia. - AGNES GOFF, mother of Dr. Carol Kfouri, Department of SOCIAL English Translation and Education, FH;

- MOUSSALLEM MOUSSALLEM, father of Nada Moussallem, Student Affairs Officer at NDU-NLC.

- HUSSEIN HAMADEH, father of Dr. Mohamad Hamadeh, Chairperson of the Department of Accounting, Finance and Economics at the FBAE;

- MICHEL GERGI DRAKEBLI, father of Zoya Awky, Academic Services Supervisor, DAVA.

May all the souls of the departed rest in eternal peace.

MEMORIAL MASS FOR PETER DAGHER

FADIA EL-HAGE

A Memorial Mass was held on May 27, 2014, at the Notre Dame University-Louaize (NDU) Chapel for the repose of the soul of one of its outstanding students, Peter Dagher, who passed away in France on May 8, 2014, (St. Charbel’s birthday), after an agonizing battle with blood cancer.

Fr. Ziad Antoun, Vice-President for Administration, served the Mass along with Fr. W. Moussa, NDU President, Fr. G. Nassif, and Fr. F. Bou-Chebl. Fr. An- toun’s sermon centered on life after death and how everyone who will eventually die will be safe in the arms of Jesus. After Mass, Fr. Moussa conferred the degree in Electrical Engineering to Peter’s parents. Peter, a brilliant student, had successfully passed three years of study before his death with a GPA of /4.00/. May his soul

rest in eternal peace and may God grant his parents strength.

85 JUNE 2014

GENE THERAPY TO TREAT SPINAL CORD INJURY: Concept and Application SERGE G. SAMAHA*

Gene therapy holds promise to cure genetically predisposed disor- ders and diseases that were once thought to be incurable. The FDA ap- OPINION proved this therapy in 1990 after a patient, Ashanti DeSilva, volunteered to cure herself from Severe Combined Immunodeficiency (SCID) syn- drome, using gene injection to compensate for the loss of one properly AND functional enzyme that aids in the maturation of her immune cells [1]. Many clinical successes have been achieved since then, including thera- pies to treat retinal diseases, hemophilia, and lymphocytic leukemia.

CULTURE OPINION AND CULTURE This therapeutic technique consists of engineering and delivering new genetic material into host cells to either compensate for a defec- tive gene or to produce new beneficial proteins. The direct insertion of the therapeutic genetic material into a cell is not trivial; thus, viruses and bacteria are most frequently used as vectors to deliver the therapeutic genes (Figure 1). Vectors can be either directly injected into a specific tissue in the body or given intravenously.

THE INTRODUCTION OF SPECIFIC ENZYMES THAT DIGEST SCAR TISSUE PROTEINS PROMOTES THE GROWTH OF INJURED NERVE TISSUES.

Figure 1. This image is retrieved from the U.S. National Library of Medicine. A gene therapy mechanism is based on the use of a virus (Depicted as an icosahedral object) or a bacterium as a vector to deliver the gene of interest into the targeted host cells.

* Biology Student- Department of Sciences- Under the supervision of Dr. Esther Ghanem ISSUE 61 86 87 JUNE 2014

Recently, a group of researchers led by Elizabeth Bradbury, at King’s REFERENCES LIFE AND ITS SHAPES Numerous questions are asked College London, achieved another milestone in this field in which Brad- about life and its components. It is bury extended the therapy to cure spinal cord injuries in rats [2]. Many TERRY BITAR difficult to explain everything and find spinal cord injuries result from damages to axons, which are the long 1. Sheridan C. Gene therapy finds its the final answer. Over the course of extensions protruding from brain cells to the rest of the body through niche. 2011. Nature Biotechnology 29 time, however, philosophers and re- the spinal cord, impairing their role in transferring messages from the (2): 121–128. Nowadays, philosophers are searchers have tried to piece together brain to the remaining parts of the body. Spinal cord injuries are followed trying to look at the entire world a reasonable answer. by both scar tissue formation and immune cells invasion, which prevent 2. Bartus, K., James, N., Didangelos, A., through a lens of objectification in the regeneration of nerves causing irreparable tissue damages [3]. In- Bosch, K., Verhaagen, J., Yanez-mu- an attempt to create a complete In a way, some have turned to terestingly, previous animal studies have shown that the introduction of noz, R., et al. Large-Scale Chondroitin understanding of the whole. Many the classical elements (water, fire, air, specific enzymes that digest scar tissue proteins promotes the growth Sulfate Proteoglycan Digestion with people live in this world without and earth), explaining them as com- of injured nerve tissues. Invasive and repetitive administration of such Chondroitinase Gene Therapy Leads any understanding of the “why” ponents that resume the main basics enzymes is required, however, given that proteins have a short life span to Reduced Pathology and Modulates associated with their lives. Trying of life. People live on earth which is and are prone to degradation once introduced into the body. Making use Macrophage Phenotype following Spi- to understand the origin of the considered their physical space. They

of this fact, Bradbury et al. delivered the gene that encodes the healing nal Cord Contusion Injury. 2014. J Neu- whole world and the purpose of cannot live without water, which con- OPINION AND CULTURE enzyme into the matrix of injured spinal cord in rats using a single injec- rosci.; 34 (14):4822-36. existence is difficult. In religion, it stitutes the main nurture. They need tion. Twelve weeks later, an electron micrograph showed an increase in is mainly explained as God’s will. air to breath and fire to warm them. the number of nerve cells in the rats that had received the therapeutic 3. Takeuchi K, Yoshioka N, Higa S, Wata- To gain eternal life, people follow a It is believed that if the world were gene coding for the healing enzymes. Gene delivery and insertion of the nabe Y, Miyata S, Wada Y, Kudo C, et al. certain way of life to fulfill the Cre- returned to its basic character, these digesting-scar enzyme did not only serve in revitalizing nerve cells but Chondroitin sulphate N-acetylgalactos- ator’s will. But, what about earth- four basic elements would form the also in reducing the inflammation at the site of injury by increasing the aminyl-transferase-1 inhibits recovery ily life? What about the elements result. Through time, numerous stud- count of specialized macrophages that enhance tissue repair and by up- from neural injury. 2013. Nat Commun.; we interact with daily? What are ies have been performed to find more “GEOMETRY regulating endothelial growth hormones (Figure 2). 4: 2740. those? What is their purpose of elements, but these four constitutes existence? What is their origin? are the principle. IS A Bradbury claims, “This scar-busting gene therapy represents an important advance since it reveals a novel interaction between the sup- BRANCH OF portive matrix and the immune cells following an injury.” She also is MATHEMATICS aiming at translating this therapy to clinical applications to treat human spinal injuries in the not-too-distant future. CONCERNED WITH QUESTIONS OF SHAPE, SIZE, RELATIVE POSITION OF FIGURES, AND THE PROPERTIES OF SPACE.”

Figure 2. Confocal micrograph taken from the lesion core of a spinal cord injury in rats after gene therapy treatment. The reparative macrophages are presented in green and vascular endothelial growth factors are presented in red. (Journal of Neuroscience, 34: 4822-36) ISSUE 61 88 89 JUNE 2014

Given this simplistic vision to per- representing the universe, i.e. (the shape of the octahedron al- WHAT WE TRULY LACK… ceive and explain the world, mathe- air, water, fire, and earth, as ear- lows movement into any direc- maticians and researchers turned to lier defined. Plato linked the cube tion without interference and GEORGES MGHAMES* geometry. What is geometry? with earth, the tetrahedron with therefore represented air); fire, the octahedron with air, and “Geometry is a branch of math- the icosahedron with water. The • Water, the icosahedron, Takfiri and apostates are the Antioch, and Bagdad… and burned ematics concerned with questions last platonic solid, the dodecahe- flows out of one's hand words on everyone's lips these at the stake the hearts, minds, and of shape, size, relative position of fig- dron, had no link. Plato obscurely when pulled out, as if it is days. Apart from the terms goodness of man… ures, and the properties of space.” remarks, "...the god used for ar- made of miniature slight balls terrorism and terrorists, no other ranging the constellations on the (the smoothest and most words, without exception, rival or And it is this lack of love, Geometry was studied to define whole heaven." [http://mitu-bobs. spherical of all these shapes surpass the use of the former. All which has built dams of blood spacial relations between objects blogspot.com/2011/02/aa-e1-pla- was to describe the flowing these terms are really flip sides of among groups and individuals and their forms. It also had some par- to-and-elements.html.] nature of water); the same coin—a coin that bears with the evil intent of causing ticular features, such as symmetry. the effigy of rejection, isolation, division among them and instigat-

That is where the fifth element, • The hexahedron (cube) repre- exclusion, and elimination of the ing sectarian strife through blind OPINION AND CULTURE And from symmetry, some ele- the dodecahedron, was born with the sents earth. These awkward other—any other who is different. fanatical bigotry. ment transpired such as, squares, material of which the constellations small solids cause dirt to fall It is a coin devoid of love! equilateral triangles, etc. These and heavens were made. Finally, we down and split when picked up, It is this lack of love that has elements have some special fea- have our five platonic solids associ- in stark difference to the smooth Those whose hearts are devoid caused true faith to shun religion tures in 2D geometry. Going to 3D ated with the five basics of life. flow of water. Furthermore, the of love or have little love in them and banished God to arbitrary and geometry, we have the platonic solidity of the Earth was believed are lost, empty, and confused capricious courts where atrocities solids. Each one is a polyhedron The link was based on the to be due to the fact that the souls… They are cruel oppres- are perpetrated in His name, per- (a solid with flat faces). They are purity of the geometrical shapes cube is the only regular solid that sors who have neither conscience haps causing Him to regret ever special because every face is a and the importance of the five ba- tessellates Euclidean space (this nor the ideals of manhood. They uttering the words, “Let there be; regular polygon of the same size sic elements reducing the whole shape is the least smooth of all murder human rights and human and there was” … Perhaps He and shape. Example: Each face of world. Both components are as shapes and describes the brittle dignity in the cradle, and hate even regrets ever creating Man! the cube is a square. They are also important, but each referee had a and crumbling nature of the dirt beauty at the source! convex (no "dents" or indentations clear explanation, as in why is air that is made of it); And, by extension, I would say, in them). [http://www.halexandria. associated with the octahedron Since time immemorial and “No. God has no identity. He is not org/dward099.htm.] and not the icosahedron? • The dodecahedron was without a valid motive, human exclusively my God; he is our God. linked the stuff of which the beings have spared no effort in cir- Since God is for us, why then do Why only five platonic solids? There was spontaneous rea- constellations and heavens culating this vile currency, which we fight over Him? And why do son for these relations: were made. the sword of Cain first material- we drag Him into our differences? The basis of the answer is that ized and continued to Pontius Pi- platonic solids are based on regular • The heat of fire feels pointed After defining what the phi- late, and to every murderous hand Truly, we are wolves in sheep’s polygons. Mainly we have three: Reg- and piercing like little tetrahe- losophers have arrived to, do you at the Battles of Saffin1, Hattin2, clothing. Stemming from our ular pentagon, square, and equilateral dra (the sharp edges of this really think that life could be sum- and Karbala3. The repercussions lack of love, we all are to varying triangle. A mathematical solution is shape were to represent the marized by five geometrical fig- of these battles still resonate to- degrees takfiris and terrorists done to demonstrate that there are no feeling of touching a fire); ures with explanation? day in the wails and grief heard due to different reasons and cul- more than three main polygons. from the Levant and the Islamic tures. And if in doubt, look around 1. The Battle of Siffin (May–July 657 • Air is made of the octahedron; Maghreb to the Muslim world… your home, neighborhood, educa- A.D.) was fought between Ali Ibn Abi After defining these platonic its tiny components are so silky tional system, house of worship, Talib and Muawiyah I, on the banks of solid forms, Plato linked these that one can scarcely sense it Yes. It was a lack of love and and homeland… the Euphrates River, Syria. pure geometrical figures to the prejudice that killed Socrates, Al- world. He did not use all the ele- Hallaj4, Galileo, and other “here- We are under the unyielding 2. Saladin declared jihad and recaptured ments constituting the world to tics, apostates, and takfiris” … It grip of terrorism, which strangles Jerusalem after defeating the Crusad- link them to our universe; rather, is this lack of love that also insti- us, cutting through the spinal ers at Hattin in 1187 A.D. he used the more simplistic icons gated the massacre of the native cord. We threaten people with American Indians, black Africans, fire this world and hell fire in the 3. The Battle of Karbala took place in Catholics, and Protestants… Lack next… We threaten to take away 680 A.D. in Karbala, located in of love gave birth to the Inquisition their rights, freedoms, dignities, present-day Iraq. in Europe and its colonies… It as- livelihoods, and destinies… We phyxiated the freedom of choice, threaten them all under the guise 4. A Persian mystic and revolutionary which ended up in the hands of of security and peace. writer and teacher of Sufism, accused tyrants who falsely accused and of heresy and executed under the or- executed masses of people… Our very own hands are chok- ders of the Abbasid Caliph Al-Muqtadir burned libraries in Alexandria, ing us to death! in 922 A.D.

* Translated by Christine Rayess Atallah ISSUE 61 90

THE GRAMMAR POLICE BY MARIO NAJM

The so-called grammar police, or editors, are notorious for making a writer’s temper flare to volcanic proportions. A main bone of contention between writer and editor is more often than not the “Oxford comma.” In a list of three or more items, a comma (sometimes know as a serial or Harvard comma) is placed before the coordinating conjunction (“and,” “or,” and sometimes “nor”). Some say this is mandatory, while others say it is an irrelevant rule, and these conflicting rules have led to all-out hostilities between the two camps.

Mind you, wars have been fought over less.

Have a look at the following to see why it is preferable to use the Oxford comma:

ARTICLES IN FRENCH ISSUE 61 92 93 JUNE 2014

DE LA DÉCENTRALISATION fédéral nous assistons à un part- ne connait pas de frontière admin- age de la souveraineté nationale istrative, le clientélisme non plus. DR. DANY GHSOUB entre les états fédérés et l’état fé- La diversité au Liban n’est pas ou déral, même si l’état fédéral garde plus symbole d’enrichissement un monopole dans des domaines malheureusement, elle est dev- Des milliers d’années séparent l’homme moderne de l’homme vi- vitaux. Nous prenons, à titre enue une cause de déchirement vant à l’état de nature. De chasseur-cueilleur, l’aptitude de l’homme lui d’exemple, la défense nationale, national. Au lieu de travailler pour a permis de bâtir des sociétés industrielles et agricoles. D’une admin- les relations internationales, etc. la nation, nous travaillons cha- istration rudimentaire, voire même inexistante, sa sophistication lui a cun pour sa confession dans les permis de bâtir une administration complexe pouvant répondre à ses La décentralisation nécessite, meilleurs des cas. Dans cet état aspirations et à ses attentes. selon qu’elle soit étendue ou non, d’esprit, la décentralisation sera une délégation de pouvoirs. Cette dénaturée et déviée de son sens et reste aussi libre qu'auparavant ». 1762, Du À l’état de nature, la question de savoir qui exerce le pouvoir et com- délégation est faite par le pouvoir initial. Les valeurs mêmes de la Contrat social. ment ne se posait pas: chacun était libre de ses faits et gestes, à ses central qui désormais ne pourra décentralisation seront utilisées à IN FRENCH ARTICLES risques et périls. Pour garantir sa survie et assurer sa sécurité, l’homme plus interférer dans les affaires des mauvais escient dans l’absence 3. Odilon Barrot. Ce dernier fut à l’époque le a dû faire des concessions. Il a dû, selon John Locke1, Thomas Hobbes collectivités territoriales, à moins totale de responsabilité citoyenne. premier vice-président du Conseil d’État et Jean-Jacques Rousseau2, signer un pacte implicite, renouvelable par que ses autorités se rendent in- de la IIIe République. Il se déclare très tacite reconduction : le Contrat social. Tout contrat étant générateur de capables de gérer les affaires de À l’heure où certains (Eric Ver- attaché aux principes de la Révolution de droits et d’obligations; l’homme social a dû abandonner une partie de leurs administres. Les collectivités haeghe6) parlent de « démocratie 1789 et appartient au courant doctrinal ses droits absolus - à vrai dire les limiter - pour garantir sa survie parmi territoriales auront également des liquide » dans les démocraties des « gauches dynamiques ». Cet homme ses pairs. C’est alors qu’une autre préoccupation est née. S’il est vrai assemblées élues qui bénéficient modernes, nous sommes encore a prononcé cette expression qui reste que la vie en société offre à l’homme une sécurité qu’il ne pouvait avoir pouvoir central est devenu désor- de cette délégation de pouvoirs. au balbutiement de la décentrali- dans l’histoire de France : « Dans le cadre à l’état de nature, il n’en demeure pas moins vrai qu’elle nécessite une mais le symbole de la modernisa- De plus, et c’est de loin la préroga- sation. Si notre hymne national de la déconcentration c’est toujours le architecture administrative et institutionnelle permettant de sauvegarder tion démocratique. D’autres con- tive la plus importante, les collec- commence par ces mots : « Tous même marteau qui frappe mais on en a l’ordre public; le risqué étant, le cas échéant, de sombrer dans le chaos. cepts sont venus faire un pied de tivités territoriales jouiront d’une pour la Nation », nous constatons raccourci le manche ». Avec celle-ci il nez à ceux que nous avions déjà quasi-indépendance financière car qu’en réalité nous sommes tous « donne sa définition et sa représentation Différentes formes de gouvernement ont alors vu le jour à travers mentionnés. Ces concepts ont ils auront la capacité de collecter chacun pour soi » et « personne imagée du système de déconcentration. l’histoire. Des sociétés primitives où il était suffisant pour un chef de tribu été confortés par une désaffection des taxes qui leurs sont propres. pour la Nation ». Cette dernière peut être définie comme d’exercer sa force physique pour obtenir l’obéissance de tous, en passant généralisée des gouvernements un système d’organisation administrative par les sociétés politico-spirituelles des monarchies divines, jusqu’aux centralisés perçus de plus en plus Dans quelle mesure la décentralisa- qui découle par la création à la périphérie, démocraties modernes où la source légitime de tout pouvoir est le peuple. comme étant bien éloignés (non tion peut-elle convenir le cas libanais ? de relais du pouvoir central. Cette citation seulement physiquement) des 1. 1689, Two Treatises of Government. est extraite de son célèbre livre « De la La question n’est plus désormais de savoir si la démocratie est la préoccupations quotidiennes des Le Liban ne vivant pas en au- La théorie politique de Locke a été centralisation et de ses effets » où il dével- meilleure forme de gouvernement, mais quelle forme de démocratie citoyens. La décentralisation s’est tarcie, les préoccupations des fondée sur la Théorie du Contrat Social. oppa son opposition à la centralisation. garantit un meilleur gouvernement. donc imposée comme une solution peuples du monde sont aussi Contrairement à Thomas Hobbes, car elle apporte aux collectivités celles du peuple libanais. Leurs as- Locke croit que la nature humaine 4. Le Parti Phalangiste : www.kataeb- Longtemps, la centralisation administrative fut synonyme d’unité territoriales – et par voie de con- pirations aussi. Devant l’incapacité est caractérisée par la raison et la program.org nationale, d’uniformité, d’égalité et de prospérité. Le pouvoir central séquence aux populations locales endémique du pouvoir central tolérance. Comme Hobbes, Locke croit n’avait aucun rival dans la prise de décision, de peur que cela soit justifié – un pouvoir de participation dans la d’offrir une vie décente aux ad- que l’Homme est égoïste par nature. 5. C’est le sens du discours de l’ancien ou pas, que des velléités autonomistes ou même indépendantistes se prise de décisions, c’est-à-dire une ministrés, que l’on oublie souvent Premier Ministre Saad Hariri avant les manifestent ici et là. Raison pour laquelle, des États fortement centrali- plus grande participation dans la vie qu’ils sont aussi des citoyens de la 2. Dans le Contrat social, Rousseau cherche élections législatives de 2013 (qui n’ont sés comme la France, afin de maintenir l’ordre public sur un vaste ter- politique de la Cité. Les autorités République, quelques voix réform- le fondement d'une autorité légitime parmi pas eu lieu par ailleurs) : Répondre aux ritoire – car c’est la préoccupation première de tout État – ont dû faire locales sont aussi plus réceptives istes n’ont de cesse de proposer les hommes. Il s'agit pour lui de définir plaintes chroniques de toutes les ré- usage du concept bien connu : la déconcentration. Autrement dit « c’est quant aux attentes des adminis- la décentralisation comme alterna- à quelles conditions l'homme peut se gions et groupes libanais qui sont liées le même marteau qui frappe mais on en a raccourci le manche3». Pour trés. La démocratie étant, in fine, tive à la sclérose institutionnelle4. soumettre à une autorité, ici de nature aux obstacles au niveau du développe- ainsi dire, les décisions sont toujours prises au centre et relayées dans populaire, elle renforce sa légitimité Des courants politiques jadis ré- politique, sans rien perdre de sa liberté. ment et de l'administration, en adoptant les périphéries par des autorités nommées par le pouvoir central. Leur par son rapprochement du peuple. fractaires à toute idée qui puisse L'homme étant naturellement libre, ce fon- immédiatement les dispositions de objectif était de veiller à l’application de la loi de la République sur tout le La décentralisation libère enfin les mettre en danger l’unité nationale dement ne peut être qu'une convention. l'accord de Taëf concernant la décen- territoire national de manière uniforme. populations locales de la tyrannie et ont admis l’idée que la seule voie Comment les hommes peuvent-ils associer tralisation administrative élargie. de la corruption d’un pouvoir cen- de secours possible est la décen- leurs forces, sans renoncer pour autant à - Pour plus d’informations: http://www. Pour des décennies, voire même des siècles, la démocratie central qui même s’il est omniprésent tralisation administrative5. la liberté ? Tel est le problème du contrat iloubnan.info/politique/77336/Legisla- tralisée et déconcentrée a montrée qu’elle peut être efficace, mais elle a n’est pas omniscient. social, énoncé en ces termes : « Trouver tives-2013:-les-quatre-points-de-linitia- aussi montrée, à l’usure, qu’elle ne peut être infaillible, surtout qu’elle ne Mais la décentralisation n’est une forme d'association qui défende et tive-de-Hariri#sthash.zeJYputy.dpuf répondait plus aux aspirations des peuples des démocraties modernes. Les Qu’est-ce que la décentralisation ? pas un remède miracle. Les maux protège de toute la force commune la soucis d’unité nationale, d’uniformité, d’égalité et de prospérité n’étaient dont souffre l’état centralisé peu- personne et les biens de chaque associé, 6. http://www.eric-verhaeghe.fr/a- plus les seuls maîtres du jeu, d’autres considérations sont venues s’y gref- La décentralisation n’est pas vent également affecter un proba- et par laquelle chacun, s'unissant à tous, propos/ .2011, Au cœur du MEDEF. fer. Ce qui jadis pouvait être compris ou interprété comme un affront au fédéralisme : En effet dans un état ble état décentralisé. La corruption n'obéisse pourtant qu'à lui-même, 2012, Faut-il quitter la France? ISSUE 61 94 95 JUNE 2014

SI LE LIBAN M’ETAIT CONTÉ et terrible de son poignée. En effet, Abou Youssef était connu pour ABOU YOUSSEF ET LE SACRIFICE DE LA TERRE avoir effacé avec les doigts de sa main l’inscription qui figurait sur PROFESSEUR GEORGES LABAKI une pièce de monnaie en métal. Président de l’Ecole Nationale d’Administration Pourtant, un matin, profitant de Un des derniers humanistes la présence d’Abou Youssef dans Tous droits réservés à l’auteur ses champs, l’un d’eux se présen- ta à son domicile. L’occasion était trop belle : la vente de la vallée Abou Youssef rentrait ce jour-là bredouille du travail des champs. d’Abou Youssef lui rapporterait Contrairement à ses habitudes, il avait l’air fort préoccupé. Tous les mat- une commission fort juteuse. ins, il allait travailler dans ses champs jusqu’au crépuscule. En rentrant sur les chemins sablonneux qui sillonnent son village, il avait l’habitude L’agent immobilier tomba sur le IN FRENCH ARTICLES de s’attarder chez les villageois qu’il trouvait sur son chemin. Tout cela fils aîné d’Abou Youssef qui était assis conformément aux traditions de la montagne libanaise qui veut que tout devant la porte de l’humble maison fa- passant s’arrête dans chaque maison qui se trouve sur son parcours miliale en train de jouer aux cartes. pour boire un café ou bien pour échanger quelques propos. - Marhaba5 Ya Youssef, com- 1 Montagnard libanais Abou Youssef respectait les traditions. Coiffé de son Lebeddé et ment vas-tu ? (Blanche Loheac Amoun) vêtu de son cherwal2 noir, il portait à la main un sallé3 en bambou rem- pli des produits de sa terre. Il offrait alors généreusement aux gens - Je joue aux cartes pour voir si des figues rouges au goût inégalé ou bien d’autres fruits cueillis selon prix des terrains commençaient à le sort va me porter bonheur. - Tu sais, mieux vendre maintenant plutôt que d’attendre car les prix les saisons. Abou Youssef portait des moustaches blanches impressi- monter et la spéculation foncière vont bientôt baisser très fortement. En effet, l’offre risque de beau- onnantes et avait une peau basanée fruit du travail intense dans ses battait son plein. Les prix avaient - Ya Khaillé6, la vie de nos jours coup augmenter et la demande de baisser. Youssef était connu champs. Son visage sillonné par de profondes rides creusées par le augmenté de plus de cinq cent devient de plus en plus dif- pour être un vaurien dans le village. Il accompagnait Abou Youssef temps lui donnait un air de masculinité qui caractérise les hommes de pour cent en l’espace de quelques ficile. Les besoins de la vie malgré lui aux champs. Profitant de la complicité de sa mère Imm la montagne libanaise. mois. Attirés par l’appât du gain, moderne sont de plus en plus Youssef, il feignait souvent de tomber malade pour échapper au tra- les villageois vendaient à tour de pressants. Au fait, tu n’as en- vail. Profitant du départ de son père dans la vallée, il allait jouer aux Sa terre qui formait son royaume était située sur le flanc d’une mon- bras. C’est comme si l’interdit core pu t’acheter une voiture. cartes avec ses amis. Il prenait soin de revenir au domicile familial tagne rocailleuse et abrupte que plusieurs générations de ses ancêtres existentiel de vendre la terre avait Pourtant une belle Desoto7 avant le retour de son père pour se mettre au lit. Abou Youssef con- avaient transformé en une terre fertile taillée en terrasses étroites où été brisé. La terre n’était plus cet t’irait très bien. Tu sais ton naissait les ruses de son fils mais faisait semblant de les ignorer. il cultivait la vigne, les figuiers et les oliviers car les montagnards les héritage transmis de génération voisin, le fils d’Abou Hanna a D’ailleurs, il détestait Youssef car il considérait son fils ainé comme trouvaient les plus utiles pour leur subsistance. En effet, les figues ser- en génération qu’il fallait préserver acheté une très belle voiture un descendant indigne de la famille. Il voulait qu’il l’accompagnât vaient à produire la confiture et les fruits secs, les oliviers arbres bénis au prix de sa vie mais une simple américaine, Il se promène aux champs pour s’imprégner de l’amour de la terre paternelle et du Seigneur produisaient l’huile nécessaire à la cuisson, alors que le commodité vendue au plus of- partout sans être obligé de continuer la destinée des Abou Youssef connus pour être les plus raisin servait à confectionner l’arak4 distillé trois fois pour le rendre pur frant. Pis encore, ce n’était pas les faire de long parcours à pied grands propriétaires du village. Mais à la longue, il finit par abandon- et fortement alcoolisé pour égayer les longues soirées d’hivers quand terres les plus fertiles qu’on cher- pour se déplacer comme tu le ner ses desseins sur Youssef pour concentrer son attention sur ses l’activité des champs s’arrête. chait pour valoriser l’agriculture fais toi-même. trois autres fils. mais les mieux exposées. Si par le Cette terre, Abou Youssef en connaissait tous les contours jusqu’au passé le prix du terrain était fixé - Et qu’à-t-il fait pour gagner L’agent immobilier se pressa de filer avant le retour d’Abou Youssef. moindre détail. Il avait porté sur son dos d’énormes rochers pour en en raison du nombre et de la qual- tout cet argent ? Il lâcha en se retirant : construire les terrasses qu’il avait inlassablement remplies de terre ité des arbres qu’elle contenait, ce qu’il transportait à longueur de journée dans un grand pot noir en caou- prix était fixé dorénavant en raison - Il a vendu le lopin de terre - Ya 8 Youssef il est vrai vous possédez beaucoup de terrains mais tchouc. Il était fier d’avoir parachevé le travail de toute une lignée de de sa situation géographique fut qu’il possédait juste à coté de tous les gens du village vivent aujourd’hui mieux que vous. Ils ont fermiers à tel point que cette terre avait fini par porter son nom. Quant elle escarpée ou rocailleuse. En chez vous. des voiture, de beaux meubles et pleins de produit de luxe. Pour- ils évoquaient cette partie du village, les villageois parlaient de la vallée effet, les citadins étaient intéres- quoi ne vendez vous pas une de vos innombrables parcelles pour d’Abou Youssef. Il magnait la terre avec une telle douceur et affection sés par l’érection de constructions - Et à combien l’a-t-il vendu ? vivre comme if faut. Apres tout, que vaut cette vie ? Tout passera comme pour ne pas la blesser. D’ailleurs, avant de renter chez en fin de et d’immeubles plutôt que par les vite car la vie est très courte. Il faut en profiter le plus vite possible. journée, il essuyait ses habits de manière à ne pas perdre les moindres terres fertiles condamnées à une - A un très bon prix : dix fois Quand on mourra un jour tout restera ici, mais nous on sera parti. En poussières de sa terre adulée. urbanisation massive. plus que sa valeur réelle. Il a tout cas, si vous décidez de vendre faites moi signe. fait une très bonne affaire. A ce propos, il a fallu déployer des efforts herculéens et beaucoup de Les agents immobiliers ro- L’idée de vendre les biens familiaux ou une partie d’entre eux ne patience pour le convaincre de céder quelques mètres de terrain pour daient autour de la maison d’Abou Youssef resta hagard et pensif fit qu’un tour dans la tête de ce vaurien de Youssef. Mais comment permettre l’élargissement d’une route. En effet, situé aux alentours de Youssef mais n’osaient pas se pendant de longues minutes. Prof- faire? Non, il n’osera pas affronter son père sur ce terrain car il pour- la capitale, le village commençait à voir débarquer les citadins attirés présenter chez lui. Ils risquaient itant de l’hésitation de Youssef, rait le payer très cher. Surement son père n’hésiterait pas à le tailler en par la douceur de son climat et la beauté féérique de sa nature. Les d’expérimenter la force légendaire l’agent immobilier renchérit : pièces. Youssef n’arrivait plus à dormir à force de réfléchir sur la manière ISSUE 61 96 97 JUNE 2014

d’aborder son père et de le con- - Je te donnerai la prune de mes - Mais à quoi sert la terre si on - Dis donc frérot, jusqu’à quand - Eh bien voilà, nous nous som- - Eh bien si mon papa vendait vaincre de vendre. A force de ré- yeux répondit sa mère. En ef- ne peut pas en profiter pour continueras-tu à aller au tra- mes mis d’accord moi et ton un de ses terrains tu pourrais fléchir, il trouva la bonne parade. fet, à la montagne il était con- bien vivre. D’ailleurs, la terre a vail en bus que tu es parfois frère pour en parler à mère et réaliser ton rêve. venu que les parents avaient de moins en moins de valeur obligé d’attendre pendant des à mon père pour vendre un des Il décida de concentrer ses ef- une obligation morale de men- de nos jours. Les gens la délais- heures. ses innombrables terrains. Es-tu - Mais tu sais que notre père forts sur sa mère qui avait un faible er leurs enfants surtout les gar- sent pour aller travailler en ville. avec nous dans cette affaire? adore la terre. Il ne peut s’en pour lui. Et comment donc ? Il était çons jusqu’au mariage en leur - Mais, je n’ai pas d’autre choix, séparer. L’amour de la terre le premier garçon né dans la famille fournissant toute l’aide finan- - Mais, ils vont le regretter un jour. tu le sais très bien. - Bien entendu car j’en ai marre est inscrit dans son ADN. et cela compte pour une nouvelle cière nécessaire. Leurs soucis de travailler sous les ordres mariée qui doit selon les coutumes ne s’apaisaient que lorsque - Oui, mais tous les gens du vil- - Eh bien si ! Si on vendait un de mon père. D’ailleurs, ma - Bien entendu. Mais tu sais il est avoir un garçon qui portera le nom leurs fils leur assuraient une lage vivent aujourd’hui mieux de nos terrains t’auras assez femme rêve d’avoir une voi- déjà trop âgé et il faut qu’il pense de la famille pour les générations descendance mâle qui portait que nous. Ils ont des voitures, d’argent pour avoir la plus belle ture pour ses sorties. à sa santé et cela est juste car il futures. Et puis sa mère porte son le nom de la famille. de beaux habits et pleins de voiture du village. Tu sais avec a beaucoup souffert dans la vie. nom. Tous les gens l’appellent au choses. Moi je n’arrive même les prix qui flambent tu peux Le troisième frère fut le plus fac- D’ailleurs, un jour il devra arrêter IN FRENCH ARTICLES village Imm Youssef selon la tradi- - Mais que faire Ya Habibé11 ? pas à fonder une famille. te payer le dernier modèle. ile à convaincre car, il aimait Youssef de travailler et il n y a personne tion de la montagne qui consiste à et lui exécutait tous ses désirs. pour prendre la relève. appeler les parents par le nom de Comme une bête qui attire sa Profitant de cette dernière - C’est vrai, mais même le Bon leur fils aîné. proie lentement mais surement, phrase qui fit tiquer Imm Youssef, Dieu ne pourra convaincre Il restait Samer le benjamin. Ce - Mais la vente de ses terres va Youssef répondit : Youssef adopta un profil bas et mon père de céder un seul dernier était le bien-aimé de son père. le tuer. Youssef mis au point un plan lança sur un ton pensif et rêveur : pouce de terrain. Si Abou Youssef était strict et in- de bataille bien huilé. Il commença - Je ne sais pas maman. Cette traitable avec les trois frères et même - Nous ne voulons vendre par se mettre aux petits soins de histoire me travaille car - Pourquoi mon père ne vend- - Eh bien tu te trompes, nous avec Imm Youssef, il avait une affec- qu’une seule parcelle. Il lui sa mère. Il l’aidait à porter l’eau de j’avance en âge et le temps rait-il pas un de ses nombreux sommes majeurs et nous tion toute particulière pour Samer. Il ne répéta lentement : une seule, la fontaine, à donner à manger aux passe très vite. J’espère qu’il terrains pour que je puisse avons notre mot à dire dans la lui refusait aucune requête quoiqu’elle rien qu’une seule. D’ailleurs, vers de soie et à nourrir le bétail. ne sera pas un jour trop tard. fonder une famille comme direction des affaires de notre fût. En réalité, Abou Youssef avait mis quand tu auras ta boite tu en Le moment venu, il l’aborda sur un tout le monde ? foyer. D’ailleurs, j’en ai parlé à tous ses espoirs sur Samer après avoir rachèteras dix autres. ton mielleux en disant : - Ya albé12 que puis-je faire ma mère. perdu confiance dans ses trois autres pour toi? Imm Youssef tressaillit au plus fils. Il passait de longues heures à lui Samer finit par se rendre et ac- - Ya immé9 profond de son être. L’idée de Youssef alla voir le deuxième parler de la terre et des moyens de la quiesça d’un un coup de tète. - Ya Immé, est-ce possible que vendre la terre le n’avait jamais ef- frère et l’aborda de front : fructifier. Il cherchait à lui passer les - Que veux-tu ya t’ouborné10 ? le fils d la famille des Abou fleuré. Connaissant l’attachement leçons de son éprouvante expérience - Alors, reprit Youssef, qui vou- Youssef qui possède la plus ombilical de son mari à la terre, - Dis donc Jamil, tu as toujours de la vie et les moyens nécessaires lait prendre de vitesse Samer - Tu sais, je pense me marier grande partie des terrains du vil- elle ne répondit pas et vaqua à ses rêvé d’être chauffeur de taxi. pour réussite. car il avait peur qu’il ne chan- pour te donner une descen- lage ne puisse pas se marier ? occupations quotidiennes. gea d’avis au dernier mo- dance. Et, si le Bon Dieu me - Oui grommela ce dernier, Youssef aborda Samer de fa- ment, tu vas venir avec nous donne une fille, elle portera - C’est vrai mon fils, mais la Youssef revint à la charge le len- mais comment le faire si je çon filiale : pour en parler à notre mère. ton nom. terre est sacrée pour nous. demain. Il harcelait sans cesse sa n’en ai pas les moyens. mère tout en multipliant les égards - Cher frère lui dit-il, je sais que Les quatre allèrent voir leur - Mon fils, c’est la meilleure à son encontre. Il mit ses trois autres tu as toujours aimé avoir ton mère qui préparait le diner et lui nouvelle que je n’ai jamais en- frères dans le coup en leur expli- propre travail. exprimèrent leurs doléances. tendue depuis belle lurette. quant que les choses ont changées et qu’il fallait profiter de la vie le plus - Oui, mais je n’en n’ai pas les Partagée entre sa fidélité con- Youssef renchérit : tôt possible. En tacticien rusé, il con- moyens. jugale et son lien filial avec ses centra ses efforts sur chacun de ses enfants, elle finit par choisir ces - Mais tu sais, maman, que je frères l’un après l’autre. Il aborda le - Eh bien les moyens existent. derniers. Elle cherchait le mo- n’ai pas le moyen de fonder premier en lui disant : Il suffit de les prendre. ment propice pour parler à Abou une famille. - Mais encore! Youssef du désir de ses enfants. Vallée verdoyante du Liban Vallée fertile du Liban Elle n’osait pas affronter son mari de front car elle le savait impla- cable sur un certain nombre de principes dont la fidélité à la terre. Maintes fois, elle avait expérimen- té sa mauvaise humeur quand elle le contrariait. Il l’avait alors immer- gé dans l’eau de la fontaine pour lui donner une solide correction et la dissuader de lui tenir tête. Les enfants d’Abou Youssef avaient érigé Les routes qui écornent les montagnes du Vallée bénie du Liban de modestes appartements de fortune au- Liban et détruisent ces sanctuaires millénaires dessus de la veille maison familiale ISSUE 61 98 99 JUNE 2014

Rusée, Imm Youssef savait qu’il elle et qu’à force d’insister Abou Youssef finirait par se rendre de guerre - Faites ce que vous voulez de qu’au fond il ne refusait rien à sa famille. En vérité, Abou Youssef se dé- était trop risqué de l’affronter di- lasse. Elle se rendait bien compte après des années de vie conjugale, ma terre après ma mort mais menait pour sa famille à qui il avait tout donné. Il voulait que le fruit de rectement. Au cours des années, qu’Abou Youssef réagissait violemment aux propos que le vexait mais pas de mon vivant. ses labeurs leur assure une vie facile pour eux et pour leurs descendants. elle avait petit à petit deviné ses finissait par y acquiescer aussi vite qu’il s’était enflammé. Imm Youssef Mais ces efforts pour inculquer à ses enfants le sens de l’effort ont été faiblesses, ses sauts d’humeur et en rajoutait en parlant des trois autres garçons qui devaient s’installer Vue la bonne santé que le tra- perçus comme de signes d’agressivité et de manque d’affection.la forme ses moments de détente. dans la vie. Tous les garçons de leurs âges dans le village sont déjà vail quotidien de la terre lui don- ayant été sacrifiée au profit du fond. installés et ont fait leur place dans la vie. Et elle s’écria : Comment se nait, ca risquait de durer un certain Un matin, profitant d’un mo- fait-il que toutes les personnes de la génération de mes enfants sont temps. Voilà donc pourquoi ce jour-là, Abou Youssef rentrait bredouille et ment d’intimité avec son mari, elle déjà bien établies alors que les enfants d’Abou Youssef le plus grand n’adressa pas la parole aux personnes qu’il croisait sur son chemin. Imm aborda le sujet. propriétaire du village ne le sont pas ? Les comploteurs passèrent en- Youssef porta la nouvelle à ses fils d’un air complice mais réservé non suite à une phase supérieure. Ils pas par égard à Abou Youssef mais parce qu’i l était prudent de ne pas - Tu sais Ya Abou Youssef, les Abou Youssef répondait toujours par la même réponse : envoyèrent son plus jeune fils lui montrer ouvertement sa victoire à un homme de la trempe de son mari. enfants grandissent et toi - Qu’ils aillent travailler la terre car tout paysan qui a une autosuffi- parler car ils savaient l’affection Elle risquait de le payer cher surtout qu’à à la montagne, les femmes ne tu avances en âge. Youssef sance alimentaire est un roi caché. qu’Abou Youssef portait à son peuvent se targuer ouvertement d’avoir la dernière parole sur leur maris. IN FRENCH ARTICLES pense fonder une famille dernier fils. mais il n’en a pas les moy- - Le travail de la terre est de plus en plus ingrat. La terre ne rapporte Les choses allèrent ensuite très vite. Les fils d’Abou Youssef aver- ens. Et puis, tu ne peux plus plus. Chaque année, les intempéries détruisent les récoltes. S’il fait - Père lui répétait Samer, tu tirent les courtiers qui accoururent comme des vautours attirés par leurs travailler comme lorsque tu trop chaud, la récolte est foutue. Même résultat s’il fait trop froid. Et sais bien que j’ai envie d’avoir proies. Très vite, il fut question de l’achat de toute la vallée. En réalité, le avais vingt ans. puis les marchés sont remplis de toutes sortes de denrées agricoles. ma propre entreprise. Je te promoteur immobilier était désireux d’acquérir le terrain dans sa totalité C’est le temps de l’abondance. Et puis, parlant des produits de la terre, promets de racheter la vallée car avait de grand projet pour la vallée. Secrètement, il pensait la trans- Abou Youssef se ressaisit et elle s’exclama :mieux vaut les acheter que les cultiver comme dit le et de doubler nos propriétés former en une zone résidentielle de grand luxe. En effet, la vallée de lança à haute voix à sa femme: proverbe. Vends au moins une parcelle des énormes surfaces que tu comme personne ne l’a ja- Abou Youssef dominait le paysage et jouissait d’une vue superbe sur possèdes. Elle répéta la même idée sous forme d’une supplication : mais fait dans notre famille. toute les montagnes situées aux alentours. Tout cela sans compter son - Ce fainéant de Youssef n’a climat clément à la fois en hiver et en été. qu’à trouver du travail. Quant - Vendons une parcelle, la plus petite que nous possédons pour aider Abou Youssef se contentait de à moi ne vous inquiéter pas nos enfants à s’installer. hocher la tête sans répondre. Il se Les enfants d’Abou Youssef ne trouvèrent aucun inconvénient à cette pour moi. contentait de se retirer dans sa pe- offre. Au contraire, cela permettait d’arrondir davantage leur bourse. Et Les enfants d’Abou Youssef se mirent dans la partie. Apres leur mère, tite chambre au lieu de se mettre puis, ils n’avaient plus aucun désir d’exploiter la terre. Trop difficile pour - Mais tu sais bien qu’il est très ils l’abordèrent cordialement au départ, puis ils se firent de plus en plus sur sa terrasse pour saluer les pas- eux. Le promoteur immobilier restait dans l’ombre. Il avait confié le soin difficile de fonder une famille insistants. Ils finirent par ne plus lui adresser la parole. Des querelles sants et les inviter à prendre un de négocier le prix à un de ces vieux coyotes du village promu du jour au de nos jours. Les salaires s’ensuivirent. Tous les soirs, Ils criaient à tue tête. Ils ne lui prêtèrent plus bon verre d’arak. lendemain agent immobilier. sont trop faibles et nul ne la main dans les travaux de la terre. Abou Youssef leur répondait : peut y arriver sans l’aide de Un beau matin, de guerre lasse, Ce dernier avait une revanche à prendre sur Abou Youssef qui le mé- ses parents. Quant à toi tu Abou Youssef dit à Imm Youssef : prisait car il venait d’une famille mal nantie et réputée être de troisième sais que ton père est mort en rang dans le village car elle ne possédait aucune propriété. De plus travaillant dans ses champs. - Faites ce que vous voulez mais sa famille vivait en bas du village dans un coin inhospitalier et très Il s’est assis sous un olivier vous le regretterez un jour. Il pauvre. Ce courtier se rendait compte qu’il était tombé sur une bande pour ne plus se relever. La fa- fut bref car il ne voulait pas d’imbéciles et de crétins. Seul leur père pouvait démasquer ses des- tigue est venue à bout de lui. prononcer les mots sacrilèges seins mais il avait le dos au mur. Le courtier caressait le dessein d’avoir Et puis, tu as beaucoup tra- à ses yeux: vendez la terre. été celui qui mis fin à la grande lignée des Abou Youssef en la privant de vaillé dans ta vie. Il est temps la source de sa force et de sa grandeur à savoir la terre. Et puis ce qui que tu te reposes. Cela dit, il sortit à la hâte sans l’intéressait, c’était la commission sur la vente. savoir ou il allait. Abou Youssef se leva et se Le courtier qui portait un costume et une cravate acquis grâce aux retira dans sa chambre fort vexé. Imm Youssef était remplie de juteuses commissions qu’il réalisait, donna rendez-vous aux quatre en- Imm Youssef considéra dans son joie. A force de patience, de râle- fants d’Abou Youssef chez lui car il craignait de rencontrer ce dernier qui fort intérieur qu’elle avait gagné la ments continus et de persévé- était capable de le tailler en pièces en l’espace de quelques secondes. Et première manche avec son mari Chêne sous lequel les montagnards se reposaient. rance, elle avait fini par remporter puis, on ne sait jamais, Abou Youssef pouvait changer d’avis au dernier mo- en réussissant à éviter la foudre Mémé Saint Louis rendait la justice sous un chêne ! la manche sur son mari. Elle avait ment. Le courtier accueillit la bande des quatre très courtoisement. C’est de sa réaction. vaincu un homme inflexible et une règle d’or dans ce monde des commissions et des affaires. redoutable pourvue d’une volonté Imm Youssef revint à la charge aussi solide que celle des rochers Il ouvrit une grande carte foncière et l’étala sur la table en disant: le lendemain. Elle en fit de la sorte de la montagne. Elle avait compris tous les jours sur plusieurs mois MIEUX VAUT LES ACHETER après des années de vie commune -- En vérité, dit-il d’emblée, la moitié de votre terre est fortement en devenant de plus en plus ex- qu’Abou Youssef avait l’apparence escarpée et ne sert à rien. Malgré cela, je vais vous offrir six livres au plicite sur ses intentions. Elle QUE LES CULTIVER?! d’un homme dur mais qu’en en mètre carré sachant que les prix dans le coin sont de loin inferieurs. savait que le temps travaillait pour réalité il avait un cœur d’enfant et Votre voisin Abou Samir a vendu pour quatre livres le mètre. ISSUE 61 100 101 JUNE 2014

Vorace, le plus grand des quatre frères pris la parole et dit : l’appel. Il avait travaillé sa terre par des générations de fermiers sans relâche. Intrigué, un curieux pour préserver la terre et la cultiver - Nous voulons huit livres par mettre carré et pas un rond en moins. du village finit par se présenter à furent enlevées et ensevelies sous Le courtier se mit à grommeler des paroles incompréhensibles et à son domicile pour demander de l’asphalte des routes. Quand aux jurer que l’offre était imbattable. ses nouvelles. On lui dit qu’Abou arbres, ils furent carrément rasés Youssef était alité et qu’il était pour laisser la place aux futures mai- - Vous savez il, ces prix sont inégalés dans notre village ou la valeur souffrant. De plus, il refusait de sons privées. Toute la vallée fut dé- marchande de la terre ne dépassait pas les quelques piastres il y a rencontrer quiconque. Intrigué, le figurée à tel point que les villageois juste quelques mois. Le courtier savait qu’il avait affaire à une bande curieux doubla d’hardiesse: n’arrivaient plus à retrouver aucun de novices. Il lisait dans leurs yeux l’appât de l’argent frais facile- des repères qu’ils utilisaient pour re- ment acquis du travail de plusieurs générations de nobles montag- - Mais Abou Youssef n’a jamais pérer telle ou telle partie de la mon- nards qui s’étaient battus pour agrandir leurs propriétés centimètre été malade dit-il. Comment tagne. Les changements étaient tels par centimètre au fruit de leur sang et de leur sueur. cela se fait-il qu’il est tombé que toute un passé plusieurs fois mil- subitement malade. Après lénaire avait été éradiqué en l’espace IN FRENCH ARTICLES - Je vous offre six livres et demie par mètre carré et pas un rond de longues tergiversations, de quelques mois. Même le chêne de plus, car votre propriété est fortement vallonnée et rocailleuse on finit par lui dire qu’Abou plusieurs fois centenaire sous lequel reprit le courtier. Youssef avait vendu toute sa s’assirent des générations de villa- vallée à un citadin. geois pour palabrer et reposer un in- - Sept répondit Youssef, sinon je m’adresse à un autre courtier. Le stant du travail de la terre ne fut pas courtier acquiesçât en maugréant qu’il allait essayer de convaincre La nouvelle se répandit dans épargné. La mémoire de toute une son client puis changea de sujet. Il parla de lui-même et de la belle le village comme une trainée de communauté fut éradiquée à jamais. voiture qu'il s’était offert et de ses performances techniques. Enfin, poudre. Comment se fait-il que il s’adressa à la bande des quatre avant de prendre congé : cet adorateur de la terre puisse Les enfants d’Abou Youssef faire une chose pareille ? Les cho- s’acapèrent du magot en se part- - Je m’occupe de tout et je vous fais signe. D’ailleurs, voila une petite ses se décantèrent rapidement et ageant la part abandonnée par avance sur le prix. tout le monde fut au courant de la Abou Youssef parmi eux. Attirés trahison d’Imm Youssef qui avait par les intérêts élevés sur les Les quatre fils d’Abou Youssef rentrèrent à la maison tout content de convaincu son mari de vendre. dépôts bancaires, trois des quatre leur prouesse et du bon prix obtenu. Ils mirent Imm Youssef au courant frères placèrent leur argent auprès de l’affaire et allèrent se coucher. Bien entendu, ils n’en soufflèrent un Une semaine plus tard, jours des banques. Ils perdirent toutes mot à quiconque. par jours après la date de la vente, leurs économies en l’espace de le glas de l’église du village sonna trois ans en raison d’une forte Deux jours plus tard, le courtier appela et informa la bande de quatre fortement. Les gens accourent com- dévaluation de la monnaie natio- que tout était prêt. Imm Youssef se chargea d’informer Abou Youssef me de coutume pour savoir qui était nale. Quand au quatrième frère, que l’affaire était conclue et qu’il devait signer le contrat de vente. Pru- décédé. La nouvelle fit l’effet d’une il acheta une voiture de taxi qu’il dente, elle lui dit qu’il recevrait sa part de la vente. Abou Youssef se bombe : Abou Youssef avait été re- perdit rapidement en raison d’un retira sans lui répondre. trouvé gisant inanimé dans son lit. Il accident de voiture dont il réchap- avait l’air amaigri et fortement vieilli pa de justesse. Le jour venu Abou Youssef se coiffa de son Lebeddé. Il sortit de la de trente ans dirait-on en l’espace maison vêtu de son cherwal noir et d’une redingote dorée. Ses énormes d’une semaine. Abou Youssef n’avait Aujourd’hui la famille d’Abou moustaches blanchies par les années lui donnaient un air majestueux. pu supporter son éloignement de Youssef vit dans l’ancienne maison sa terre qui faisait partie de son être familiale sur laquelle ils ont érigé trois Tout l’esprit de noblesse de la montagne se dévoilait à travers son al- le plus profond. Il parait que ses vétustes étages de fortune mais 1. Un chapeau conique fait en laine et qui 7. Marque de voiture américaine. lure. Cela contrastait avec le l’aspect de ses enfants fagotés dans des habits dernières paroles furent : il faut ar- ne trouvent plus où loger leurs pro- remonte aux phéniciens. colorés d’un gout fort douteux qui ressemblaient à celles des gueux. Abou roser les arbres, surtout ne toucher génitures. Quant à la vallée d’Abou 8. Interjection qui veut dire O. Youssef arriva chez le notaire. Il entra sans saluer et demanda à signer le pas au vieux chêne ! Il fut dignement Youssef elle a changé de nom pour 2. Pantalon bouffant. contrat de vente. Cela ne gêna personne car tout le monde avait hâte de enseveli comme les coutumes de la prendre celui du Val du Soleil. Elle 9. Maman. conclure l’affaire. Ensuite, le notaire lui tendit un chèque libellé à son nom montagne l’exigent. Tout le monde est le lieu de villégiature le plus hup- 3. Un grand panier fabriqué en bambou. qui représentait sa part du prix de vente divisé par cinq. Imm Youssef était accusait à voix basse Imm Youssef pé de tout le pays, et ses prix ont été 10. Façon de communiquer des mamans l’oubliée de l’affaire car à la montagne les femmes n’héritent rien surtout s’il et ses enfants de sa mort. multipliées au centuple en l’espace 4. Alcool libanais qui ressemble à libanaises avec leurs enfants qui veut s’agit de la terre qui se transmet uniquement aux enfants mâles de la famille. de quelques années. l’anisette. dire enterre-moi (et prends ma vie). Abou Yousef refusa de prendre le chèque qu’il compara dans son fort intérieur Les retombées de la vente de aux trente pièces en argent qui servirent à vendre le Christ. Abou Youssef la vallée ne se firent pas attendre. Abou Youssef avait eu raison 5. Bonjour. 11. Mon amour. sortit sans broncher et rentra chez lui tout seul à pas rapide. Les bulldozers géants attaquèrent de dire: la vallée lui taillant sauvagement le 6. Mon frère. 12. Mon coeur. On ne le revit plus au village. Les gens s’inquiétèrent de cette absence flanc pour construire des routes. - Vous regretterez un jour ce inopinée. De mémoire d’hommes, Abou Youssef ne manquait jamais à Les pierres des terrasses érigées que vous avez fait!