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Analysis of the State of Affairs with the Implementation of the National Action Plan to Prevent, Limit and Eliminate IUU Russia

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Analysis of the State of Affairs with the Implementation of the National Action Plan to Prevent, Limit and Eliminate IUU Russia Analysis of the state of affairs with the implementation of the National Action Plan to Prevent, Limit and Eliminate IUU Russian Fishing of Aquatic Biological Resources in the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans and the development of additional measures to prevent, contain and eliminate it Analysis of the state of affairs with the implementation of the National Action Plan to Prevent, Limit and Eliminate IUU Russian Fishing of Aquatic Biological Resources in the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans and the development of additional measures to prevent, contain and eliminate it Analysis of the state of affairs with the implementation of the National Action Plan to Prevent, Limit and Eliminate IUU Russian Fishing of Aquatic Biological Resources in the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans and the development of additional measures to prevent, contain and eliminate it Compiled by Konstantin Zgurovsky, Senior advisor of the WWF-Russia Project goal: Reducing the negative impact of fishing on biodiversity and maintaining the productivity of marine ecosystems, both within and outside the waters of the national jurisdiction of Russia (ABNJ – Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction) Cover photograph: © Vladimir Filatkin / WWF-Russia © WWF-Russia 2021. All right reserved TABLE OF CONTENTS: List of Abbreviations and Acronyms . P. 4 General description of the problem . Pp. 5-10 Chapter 1. Analysis of the Russian Federation's implementation of the National Action Plan to Prevent, Limit and Eliminate Illegal, Unregulated and Unreported (IUU) Fishing by the Russian Fishing Fleet in the Russian Maritime Zone and Outside the Maritime Zone of National Jurisdiction of the Russian Federation . Pp. 11-24 Chapter 2. Review of proposals for additional measures to prevent, deter and eliminate IUU fishing in various regions of the oceans . Pp. 25-42 2.1. Methods for assessing IUU fishing . Pp. 26-27 2.2. Strengthening control measures over the fishery . Pp. 27-29 2.3. Legal means to combat IUU fishing . Pp. 29-32 2.3.1. Global Record of Fishing Vessels, Refrigerated Transport Vessels and Supply Vessels, and Fishing Gear Markings . P. 31 2.3.2. Need to use fishing gear marking as a means to combat IUU fishing . P. 31 2.3.3. The Role of the Flag State in Preventing IUU Fishing . P. 31 2.3.4. International Plan of Action to Prevent, Deter and Eliminate IUU Fishing (IPOA-IUU) . Pp. 31-32 2.3.5. Voluntary Guidelines for Flag State Activities and Voluntary Guidelines for Documenting Catch . P. 32 2.3.6. Data exchange organizations . P. 32 2.4. Improvement of the fishing activity monitoring system (satellite monitoring, surveillance cameras on board, electronic fishing logbook (EPZh), observers, etc.) . Pp. 32-42 2.4.1. Satellite monitoring . Pp. 32-33 2.4.2. Electronic Fishing Logbook (FFL) and Monitoring Data Exchange . Pp. 33-34 2.4.3. Observers on board fishing vessels . Pp. 34-35 2.4.4. Reduction of by-catch and discards of non-target and less valuable species, more accurate estimation of catch (weighing the catch, improving fishing gear, etc.) . Pp. 35-36 2.4.5. Bringing the capacity of the fishing fleet and processing capacities into line with the amount of stocks . Pp. 36-38 2.4.6. Enhancing the role of regional fisheries management organizations (so-called RFMOs) and introducing the principles of sustainable use of marine living resources, ecosystem and precautionary approaches to their exploitation . Pp. 39-42 Chapter 3. Participation of civil society in managing the use of ABR . Pp. 43-46 Chapter 4. Market-based measures to increase demand for responsible fishing products and establish trade barriers for poaching products . Pp. 47-48 Chapter 5. CONCLUSION on the results of the implementation of the National Action Plan for the prevention, deterrence and elimination of illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing and the main proposals for the Federal Fisheries Agency, the Ministry of Agriculture and other responsible federal bodies on additional measures developed as a result of the analysis . Pp. 49-57 Chapter 6. Used sources of information . Pp. 58-61 Chapter 7. On the second stage of work . Pp. 62-63 Chapter 8. Report on the discussion with experts of specific proposals for additional measures to prevent, deter and eliminate IUU fishing in various regions of the oceans and proposals for amendments to the National Action Plan to Prevent, Limit and Eliminate Illegal, Unregulated and Unreported (IUU) Fishing . Pp. 64-65 Chapter 9. Brief summary of the report in English . Pp. 66-67 APPENDIXES (ANNEXES) . Pp. 68-118 Annex 1. Order of the Government of the Russian Federation of December 25, 2013 No. 2534-r «On Approval of the National Action Plan for the Prevention, Containment and Elimination of Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated Fishing» . Pp. 69-70 Annex 2. Order of the Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation dated February 18, 2014 No. 14-r «On approval of the list of measures to implement the national action plan to prevent, deter and eliminate illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing» . Pp. 71-77 Annex 3. Order of the Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation dated May 17, 2016 No. 49-r «On the cancellation of the order of the Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation dated February 18, 2014 No. 14-r» On approval of the list of measures for the implementation of the national action plan for prevention, containment and elimination illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing» . P. 78 Annex 4. Order of the Government of the Russian Federation of December 24, 2015 No. 2661-r «On the list of measures to implement the national action plan to prevent, deter and eliminate illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing» . Pp. 79-81 Annex 5. Legal Activity of the Russian Federation Aimed at Countering Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated Fishing (IUU Fishing) . Pp. 82-87 Annex 6. Comparative analysis of the use of TSK (Technical Means of Control) of various satellite systems as part of a fishing fleet monitoring system . Pp. 88-91 Annex 7. Draft for statement on the legal status of the observer in commercial fisheries of Russian Federation . Pp. 92-94 Annex 8. On the organization of the work of scientific observers . Pp. 95-100 Annex 9. Activities of RFMOs (Regional Fisheries Management Organizations) and international fishery cooperation of the Russian Federation . Pp. 101-118 LIST OF ABBREViationS AND ACRONYMS PCA – (Alaska) Pollock Catchers Association (in FSBI «CSMS» – Center for monitoring fisheries and Russian – ADM (АДМ)); communications; APEC – Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation; FFA – Federal Fisheries Agency or Rosrybolovstvo; LFA – Interregional «Longline Fishing» Association FAS – Federal Antimonopoly Service; (in Russian – AYaP (АЯП)); FSUE – Federal State Unitary Enterprise; ABR – Aquatic biological resources (in Russian – FGBNU – Federal State Budgetary Scientific WBR (ВБР)); Institution VNIRO – All-Russian Research Institute of Fisheries SDGs – UN Sustainable Development Goal; and Oceanography; EMU – Electronic veterinary certification; GMDSS – Global Maritime Distress and Safety EPZh – Electronic fishing logbook; System; ABNJ – Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction – areas CPC – State port control of foreign ships; of the World Ocean outside national jurisdiction (in ERS – Remote sensing of the Earth – observation this case – the Russian Federation); of the Earth's surface by ground, aviation and space EJF – Ecological Justice Fund; means, equipped with various types of imaging equipment; FAO – Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations; IKFA – International Union of Fishermen; ICCAT – International Commission for the IMO – International Maritime Organization; Conservation of Atlantic Tuna; EEZ – Exclusive economic zone; INMARSAT (Inmarsat) – International COFI – FAO Fisheries Committee; organization of maritime satellite communications; IPOA – International Plan of Action; IUU – Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated Fishing; NEAFC – North-East Atlantic Fisheries IPOA-IUU – International Plan of Action to Prevent, Commission; Deter and Eliminate IUU Fishing; TAC – Total allowable catch; CCRF – FAO Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries; OPRF – Public Chamber of the Russian Federation; NOAA – National Oceanic & Atmospheric OSM – Industry monitoring system (of fishery); Organization; RIC – Regional branches of FSBI «CSMS»; RFMO – Regional Fishery Management RAP – Regional Action Plans to Eliminate IUU Organization; Fishing; RBM – Right based management (management RU – Fishing parcel; based on a long-term right to a resource); ROUR or RFMO – Regional fisheries management RPOA-IUU – Regional Plan of Actions against IUU organizations; (regional action plan to prevent, deter and eliminate SSD – Daily vessel reports (or DVR); IUU fishing); SVTU FAR – North-Eastern Territorial UBC – University of British Columbia; Administration of the Federal Fisheries Agency; UNCLOS – United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea; TINRO – Pacific Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography (now a Pacific branch of VNIRO); WTO – World Trade Organization; TSK – Technical control stations; WWF – World Wide Fund for Nature. ANALYSIS OF THE STATE OF AFFAIRS WITH THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE NATIONAL ACTION PLAN TO PREVENT, LIMIT AND ELIMINATE IUU RUSSIAN FISHING OF AQUATIC 4 BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES IN THE ATLANTIC AND PaCIFIC OCEANS AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF ADDITIONAL MEASURES TO PREVENT, CONTAIN AND ELIMINATE IT GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF THE PROBLEM Aquatic biological resources (ABR) have a number For more than a century since the end of the of specific
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