Keswick – Crow Park – Derwent Water North Lakes, CA12 5DJ

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Keswick – Crow Park – Derwent Water North Lakes, CA12 5DJ Keswick – Crow Park – Derwent Water North Lakes, CA12 5DJ Trust New Art: Socially engaged artist residency Artists’ Brief: The view down Derwent Water and Borrowdale from Crow Park Summary of initial ideas and themes: Crow Park was one of the original c1750 of Thomas West’s Lake District “Viewing Stations” and still boasts classic panoramic 360 views across the town towards Skiddaw and Blencathra, and across Derwent water to Catbells, Newlands and the Jaws of Borrowdale. 125 years ago the local vicar in Keswick, Hardwicke Rawnsley, along with his wife and other local people campaigned to secure the Lakes for a much wider constituency of people to enjoy: the vision was that the Lakes were a “national property”, and led to the creation of a “National” Trust, eventually a National Park in the Lakes and finally a “World” Heritage Site. What has been the impact of this vision on the local community, and especially on how they feel about the places on their doorstep, their home turf? And how can we ensure that they remain at the heart of this landscape in terms of feeling a stake in its use, enjoyment, protection, and plans for its future. What we want to achieve: We want to work with artists alongside community consultation to explore what people need from the places we care for NOW and in the future, and how that is different (if it is) from why they came into our care in the first place. In collaboration with our audiences, local partners and arts organisations we will creatively explore alternative visions of the future of this area and test ideas at Crow Park through events and installations working within the leave no physical trace philosophy. 1 Call for submissions DEADLINE: Sunday 10th November 2019 The North Lakes team want to work with an artist, or artist collective who work in socially engaged practice to develop an artistic programme for July – October 2020 that helps audiences explore the relationship between the people of Keswick and the landscape of the Lake District, with a particular focus on Crow Park and Derwent Water. This brief describes the context in which we see it working and gives details of how to apply. On behalf of the nation, the National Trust, looks after, conserves and promotes access and engagement with Crow Park, the lake and almost the entire view from Crow Park (looking south). About the National Trust The National Trust is a conservation charity founded in 1895 by three people who saw the importance of our nation’s heritage and open spaces, and wanted to preserve them for everyone to enjoy. Nearly 125 years later, these values are still at the heart of everything the charity does. Entirely independent of Government, the National Trust looks after more than 250,000 hectares of countryside, 780 miles of coastline and hundreds of special places across England, Wales and Northern Ireland. More than 26 million people visit every year, and together with 5.2 million members and over 61,000 volunteers, they help to support the charity in its work to care for special places for ever, for everyone. 1. Context Crow Park is a deeply significant location with many layers of meaning and resonance. It was chosen to host the official UNESCO plaque when the Lake District was designated as a World Heritage Site in 2017. Crow Park’s location, between the town of Keswick (population 5,000) and the lake creates a green ‘buffer zone’ between the town and the open countryside. It is used by dog walkers and local sports clubs as a recreation space. However, many visitors to Keswick are unaware that there’s a lake just ½ mile from the market square (a 20th century by-pass road effectively cuts the town off from the lake). Keswick used to sport the name of Keswick-upon-Derwentwater. We’re interested in exploring whether Crow Park could play a role in re-connecting the town to its lake. Historical relevance The park was an oak woodland until the mid 1700s when the trees were felled by the then landowners to raise income for the Greenwich Hospital for injured sailors. This action prompted what is possibly England’s first written expression of environmental protest: “Oct 4 – I walked to Crow Park, now a rough pasture, once a glade of ancient oaks, whose large roots still remain on the ground but nothing has sprung from them. If one single tree had remained this would have been an unparalleled spot;” Thomas Gray, 1769 2 Felling the trees revealed the incredible view, which helped to inspire the fledgling Picturesque movement, and Crow Park became established as a ‘Viewing Station’ or recommended viewpoint in early guidebooks to the Lakes. “Of all the lakes in these romantic regions, the lake we are now examining, seems to be most generally admired. It was once admirably characterized by an ingenious person who, on his first seeing it, cryed out Here is beauty indeed – Beauty lying in the lap of Horrour [horror]! We do not often find a happier illustration. Nothing conveys an idea of beauty more strongly than the lake; nor of horrour, than the mountains;” William Gilpin, 1772 In the 19th century, the local vicar at Crosthwaite church in Keswick was an active campaigner to defend public access to open spaces, inspired by Wordsworth and Ruskin. He protested against mining railways in the Lake District, founded the Keswick School of Industrial Arts to provide year-round income for farm labourers, instigated mass trespasses along nearby footpaths closed by private landowners and then co-founded the National Trust to protect open spaces for public benefit. Rawnsley was perceived by local residents as being an explosive activist force in the local community: “Ah doot yon’s the most active volcano in Europe” Keswick resident pointing at Rawnsley’s vicarage, late 19th century In this way, the landscape seen from Crow Park has both a significance to the people who live in the town, and also a significance as ‘a kind of national property’ as Wordsworth described the Lake District, and part of ‘a national gallery of natural pictures’ as Rawnsley described the National Trust, and now it’s recognised to be part of the heritage that belongs to humanity across the globe. The Lake District’s role as the birthplace of the modern conservation movement is one of the three ‘Outstanding Universal Values’ recognised by the World Heritage Site inscription We hope to engage with the local resident audience and to explore with them what the area means to them, and how they feel about its national and international significance. A creative arts project provides a new opportunity to explore this. We are looking for artists who are focused on socially engaged practice and who are interested in making work in relation to open air sites. Trust New Art helps to grow people’s love of our special places by using contemporary arts to explore and express ‘Spirit of Place’. It is supported by partnerships with Arts Council England. The programme helps to build new and repeat audiences for the arts and our properties and follows the Trust’s approach to programming. It provides commissioning and career opportunities to both emerging and established artists and has become recognised in the arts sector as a mark of quality. In 2020 there are eight TNA projects in the North region exploring different aspects of Art and Environment, Nature and Culture. 3 2. The project The Unesco World Heritage Site plaque at Crow Park, Keswick, © National Trust Images, John Malley 2.1 Our aims in launching this project are to: 1. Use a socially engaged approach to explore the interconnectivity of people and place. 2. Commission contemporary work that responds to place and explores the tensions between: a what this landscape means to the people who live here and b what it means to a global community following the Lake District’s (and local hero Rawnsley’s) role in inspiring a global conservation movement. 3. Facilitate inspiring and dynamic experiences that bring the heritage of this outdoor site to life using experiences that are in keeping with the philosophy of ‘leave no permanent trace’ and our conservation principles. 4. Facilitate community engagement and promote active participation of local residents at Crow Park. Why we’re doing this in 2020: • 2020 is the 125th anniversary of the National Trust was founded to protect special places for the benefit of the nation • 2020 is also the centenary of National Trust founder and local campaigner Canon Rawnsley. Through this project we would like to explore ideas about how we could mark the centenary. 2.2 We’d like to deliver these aims through the following objectives: • To commission, plan and deliver on site arts activity between July - October 2020. • To have a virtual hub for the project to signpost audiences to the project, which will include documentation of the project and its processes • All activities will be free or low cost, and designed to be inclusive 4 2.3 Themes These have been identified by the partners as possible starting points for the artists to develop the ideas, however the subject matter is for the artist to decide: • What places mean to people • Living in a World Heritage Site • The centenary of local ‘volcano’ Canon Hardwick Rawnsley 3. Project Structure & People 3.1 Project team members: Tom Burditt, General Manager North Lakes – Client for this project. Jessie Binns, Visitor Experience & Engagement Manager – Project Manager for this project Sophie Badrick, Visitor Experience Officer, Crow Park – Project team Cathy Newbery, Contemporary Arts Consultant, North – Project sponsor this project Clare Perry, Visitor Experience Consultant, North – project team Kerry Morgan, Derwent Riverlands Project Community Engagement Officer – can input as required Roy Henderson, Area Ranger for Borrowdale and Newlands Valley – project team 3.2 Permissions & maintenance Please note that Crow Park is an outdoor site with no covered or indoor space and no visitor facilities.
Recommended publications
  • Beatrix Potter Studies
    Patron Registered Charity No. 281198 Patricia Routledge, CBE President Brian Alderson This up-to-date list of the Society’s publications contains an Order Form. Everything listed is also available at Society meetings and events, at lower off-the-table prices, and from its website: www.beatrixpottersociety.org.uk BEATRIX POTTER STUDIES These are the talks given at the Society’s biennial International Study Conferences, held in the UK every other year since 1984, and are the most important of its publications. The papers cover a wide range of subjects connected with Beatrix Potter, presented by experts in their particular field from all over the world, and they contain much original research not readily available elsewhere. The first two Conferences included a wide range of topics, but from 1988 they followed a theme. All are fully illustrated and, from Studies VII onwards, indexed. (The Index to Volumes I-VI is available separately.) Studies I (1984, Ambleside), 1986, reprinted 1992 ISBN 1 869980 00 X ‘Beatrix Potter and the National Trust’, Christopher Hanson-Smith ‘Beatrix Potter the Writer’, Brian Alderson ‘Beatrix Potter the Artist’, Irene Whalley ‘Beatrix Potter Collections in the British Isles’, Anne Stevenson Hobbs ‘Beatrix Potter Collections in America’, Jane Morse ‘Beatrix Potter and her Funguses’, Mary Noble ‘An Introduction to the film The Tales of Beatrix Potter’, Jane Pritchard Studies II (1986, Ambleside), 1987 ISBN 1 869980 01 8 (currently out of print) ‘Lake District Natural History and Beatrix Potter’, John Clegg ‘The Beatrix
    [Show full text]
  • Newlands Valley Walk
    Newlands Valley Walk You can start this walk from virtually anywhere in the Newlands valley; I started from a couple of our Lake District cottages at Birkrigg on the Newlands Pass. Walk down the road in the direction of Keswick, you will soon come to a tight bend at Rigg Beck where the ‘Old Purple House’ used to stand. There is now a Grand Designs style house on the site but the purple colour remains on the roof garden and the front door. Carry on along the pass till you come across a gate on the right hand side and a finger post indicating a footpath beyond the gate. The path leads down into the valley fields and across a minor road. A track climbs up the other side of the valley and emerges at Skelgill. Walk through the farmyard and turn immediately back on yourself to join the path that runs alongside Catbells, towards the old mines at Yewthwaite. After about half a mile, the path descends into Little Town where you can enjoy a well earned cup of tea at the farm tea room. Now there are two options from Little Town. For a longer walk, go back up onto the track and carry on down the valley. This will take you to the old mines at Goldscope where you can peer into the open shafts on the side of Hindscarth. Alternatively you can walk along the road towards Chapel Bridge and stroll down the lane to the pretty little church. The church serves tea and cake on weekends and during the summer.
    [Show full text]
  • Quaker Journey: Exploring the Roots of Quakerism in England's Lake
    Quaker Journey: Exploring the Roots of Quakerism in England’s Lake District General Itinerary, www.cfsnc.org/QuakerJourney Friday, July 20~ Saturday, July 21 • Travel from the United States to Manchester, England • Overnight at Bewley’s Hotel or other lodging, Manchester, England Sunday, July 22 • Bus from Manchester Airport/Bewley’s Hotel to Glenthorne, www.glenthorne.org • Tea and orientation to Glenthorne and our week together • Open afternoon for rest/local exploration/activities Monday, July 23; Tuesday, July 24; Thursday, July 26; Friday, July 27 • Welcome and introductory talk by our British Quaker guide, Roy Stephenson • Brigflatts Meeting House, www.brigflatts.org • Colthouse Meeting House, www.visitcumbria.com/amb/colthouse-quaker-meeting-house • Fox’s Pulpit/Firbank Fell, www.brigflatts.org/firbankfell.html • Hawkshead Village, www.hawkshead-village.co.uk • Lancaster Castle/Prison, www.lancastercastle.com • Pendle Hill, www.visitlancashire.com/explore/pendle-hill • Preston Patrick Meeting House, www.kendal-and-sedbergh-quakers.org.uk/page16.html • Quaker Tapestry Exhibit, Kendal, www.quaker-tapestry.co.uk • Sawley Meeting House, http://sawley.pendlehillquakers.org.uk • Settle Meeting House, www.settlequakers.org.uk • St. Andrew’s Church, Sedbergh, www.sedbergh.org.uk/churches/anglican • Swarthmore Hall, www.swarthmoorhall.co.uk • Meeting for Worship and final thoughts Wednesday, July 25; Saturday, July 28 Open days for rest/local exploration/activities using local transport or on foot. Possibilities include: writer William
    [Show full text]
  • The Lakes Tour 2015
    A survey of the status of the lakes of the English Lake District: The Lakes Tour 2015 S.C. Maberly, M.M. De Ville, S.J. Thackeray, D. Ciar, M. Clarke, J.M. Fletcher, J.B. James, P. Keenan, E.B. Mackay, M. Patel, B. Tanna, I.J. Winfield Lake Ecosystems Group and Analytical Chemistry Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Lancaster UK & K. Bell, R. Clark, A. Jackson, J. Muir, P. Ramsden, J. Thompson, H. Titterington, P. Webb Environment Agency North-West Region, North Area History & geography of the Lakes Tour °Started by FBA in an ad hoc way: some data from 1950s, 1960s & 1970s °FBA 1984 ‘Tour’ first nearly- standardised tour (but no data on Chl a & patchy Secchi depth) °Subsequent standardised Tours by IFE/CEH/EA in 1991, 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010 and most recently 2015 Seven lakes in the fortnightly CEH long-term monitoring programme The additional thirteen lakes in the Lakes Tour What the tour involves… ° 20 lake basins ° Four visits per year (Jan, Apr, Jul and Oct) ° Standardised measurements: - Profiles of temperature and oxygen - Secchi depth - pH, alkalinity and major anions and cations - Plant nutrients (TP, SRP, nitrate, ammonium, silicate) - Phytoplankton chlorophyll a, abundance & species composition - Zooplankton abundance and species composition ° Since 2010 - heavy metals - micro-organics (pesticides & herbicides) - review of fish populations Wastwater Ennerdale Water Buttermere Brothers Water Thirlmere Haweswater Crummock Water Coniston Water North Basin of Ullswater Derwent Water Windermere Rydal Water South Basin of Windermere Bassenthwaite Lake Grasmere Loweswater Loughrigg Tarn Esthwaite Water Elterwater Blelham Tarn Variable geology- variable lakes Variable lake morphometry & chemistry Lake volume (Mm 3) Max or mean depth (m) Mean retention time (day) Alkalinity (mequiv m3) Exploiting the spatial patterns across lakes for science Photo I.J.
    [Show full text]
  • Index to Gallery Geograph
    INDEX TO GALLERY GEOGRAPH IMAGES These images are taken from the Geograph website under the Creative Commons Licence. They have all been incorporated into the appropriate township entry in the Images of (this township) entry on the Right-hand side. [1343 images as at 1st March 2019] IMAGES FROM HISTORIC PUBLICATIONS From W G Collingwood, The Lake Counties 1932; paintings by A Reginald Smith, Titles 01 Windermere above Skelwith 03 The Langdales from Loughrigg 02 Grasmere Church Bridge Tarn 04 Snow-capped Wetherlam 05 Winter, near Skelwith Bridge 06 Showery Weather, Coniston 07 In the Duddon Valley 08 The Honister Pass 09 Buttermere 10 Crummock-water 11 Derwentwater 12 Borrowdale 13 Old Cottage, Stonethwaite 14 Thirlmere, 15 Ullswater, 16 Mardale (Evening), Engravings Thomas Pennant Alston Moor 1801 Appleby Castle Naworth castle Pendragon castle Margaret Countess of Kirkby Lonsdale bridge Lanercost Priory Cumberland Anne Clifford's Column Images from Hutchinson's History of Cumberland 1794 Vol 1 Title page Lanercost Priory Lanercost Priory Bewcastle Cross Walton House, Walton Naworth Castle Warwick Hall Wetheral Cells Wetheral Priory Wetheral Church Giant's Cave Brougham Giant's Cave Interior Brougham Hall Penrith Castle Blencow Hall, Greystoke Dacre Castle Millom Castle Vol 2 Carlisle Castle Whitehaven Whitehaven St Nicholas Whitehaven St James Whitehaven Castle Cockermouth Bridge Keswick Pocklington's Island Castlerigg Stone Circle Grange in Borrowdale Bowder Stone Bassenthwaite lake Roman Altars, Maryport Aqua-tints and engravings from
    [Show full text]
  • A Survey of the Lakes of the English Lake District: the Lakes Tour 2010
    Report Maberly, S.C.; De Ville, M.M.; Thackeray, S.J.; Feuchtmayr, H.; Fletcher, J.M.; James, J.B.; Kelly, J.L.; Vincent, C.D.; Winfield, I.J.; Newton, A.; Atkinson, D.; Croft, A.; Drew, H.; Saag, M.; Taylor, S.; Titterington, H.. 2011 A survey of the lakes of the English Lake District: The Lakes Tour 2010. NERC/Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, 137pp. (CEH Project Number: C04357) (Unpublished) Copyright © 2011, NERC/Centre for Ecology & Hydrology This version available at http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/14563 NERC has developed NORA to enable users to access research outputs wholly or partially funded by NERC. Copyright and other rights for material on this site are retained by the authors and/or other rights owners. Users should read the terms and conditions of use of this material at http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/policies.html#access This report is an official document prepared under contract between the customer and the Natural Environment Research Council. It should not be quoted without the permission of both the Centre for Ecology and Hydrology and the customer. Contact CEH NORA team at [email protected] The NERC and CEH trade marks and logos (‘the Trademarks’) are registered trademarks of NERC in the UK and other countries, and may not be used without the prior written consent of the Trademark owner. A survey of the lakes of the English Lake District: The Lakes Tour 2010 S.C. Maberly, M.M. De Ville, S.J. Thackeray, H. Feuchtmayr, J.M. Fletcher, J.B. James, J.L. Kelly, C.D.
    [Show full text]
  • The English Lake District
    La Salle University La Salle University Digital Commons Art Museum Exhibition Catalogues La Salle University Art Museum 10-1980 The nE glish Lake District La Salle University Art Museum James A. Butler Paul F. Betz Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.lasalle.edu/exhibition_catalogues Part of the Fine Arts Commons, and the History of Art, Architecture, and Archaeology Commons Recommended Citation La Salle University Art Museum; Butler, James A.; and Betz, Paul F., "The nE glish Lake District" (1980). Art Museum Exhibition Catalogues. 90. http://digitalcommons.lasalle.edu/exhibition_catalogues/90 This Book is brought to you for free and open access by the La Salle University Art Museum at La Salle University Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Art Museum Exhibition Catalogues by an authorized administrator of La Salle University Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. T/ie CEnglisti ^ake district ROMANTIC ART AND LITERATURE OF THE ENGLISH LAKE DISTRICT La Salle College Art Gallery 21 October - 26 November 1380 Preface This exhibition presents the art and literature of the English Lake District, a place--once the counties of Westmorland and Cumber­ land, now merged into one county, Cumbria— on the west coast about two hundred fifty miles north of London. Special emphasis has been placed on providing a visual record of Derwentwater (where Coleridge lived) and of Grasmere (the home of Wordsworth). In addition, four display cases house exhibits on Wordsworth, on Lake District writers and painters, on early Lake District tourism, and on The Cornell Wordsworth Series. The exhibition has been planned and assembled by James A.
    [Show full text]
  • Glenridding Common
    COMMONMEMBERS’ NEWSGROUND A JOHN MUIR TRUST PUBLICATION SUMMER 2019 Welcome to Glenridding Common In late autumn 2017, following consultation with local and I was taken on as Property Manager following a 23-year role as national stakeholders, we were delighted when the Lake District area ranger with the National Park Authority, while the National Park Authority confirmed that the John Muir Trust employment of Isaac Johnston from Bowness, funded by Ala would take over the management of Glenridding Common, Green, has enabled a young person to gain a full-time position at initially on a three-year lease. the very start of his conservation and land management career. For those unfamiliar with our work, the John Muir Trust is a As you will read in the pages that follow, we have been UK-wide conservation charity dedicated to the experience, extremely busy over the past 18 months. Our work has included protection and repair of wild places. We manage wild land, vital footpath maintenance and repair – again utilising the skills of inspire people of all ages and backgrounds to discover wildness two local footpath workers – the enhancement of England’s most through our John Muir Award initiative, valuable collection of Arctic-alpine and campaign to conserve our plants (generously aided by the Lake wildest places. District Foundation), litter collection To be entrusted with managing and tree planting. Glenridding Common – the first time We have also carried out extensive that the Trust has been directly survey work to establish base-line involved in managing land outside information for a variety of species on this Scotland – is a responsibility that we nationally important upland site.
    [Show full text]
  • About Cumbria Text and Graphics
    Building pride in Cumbria About Cumbria Cumbria is located in the North West of England. Allerdale The County’s western boundary is defined by the Irish Sea and stretches from the Solway Firth down to Incorporating an impressive coastline, rugged Morecambe Bay. It meets Scotland in the North and mountains and gentle valleys, much of which lie the Pennine Hills to the East. It is the second largest within the Lake District National Park, the borough of county in England and covers almost half (48%) of Allerdale covers a large part of Cumbria’s west coast. the whole land area of the North West region. It is Approximately 95,000 people live within the borough generally recognised as an outstandingly beautiful which includes the towns of Workington, Cockermouth area and attracts huge loyalty from local people and and Keswick. visitors from both the British Isles and overseas. Workington, an ancient market town which also has Cumbria’s settlement pattern is distinct and has been an extensive history of industry lies on the coast at dictated principally by its unique topography. The the mouth of the River Derwent. During the Roman large upland area of fells and mountains in the centre occupation of Britain it was the site of one of the means that the majority of settlements are located Emperor Hadrian’s forts which formed part of the on the periphery of the County and cross-county elaborate coastal defence system of the Roman Wall. communications are limited. The town we see today has grown up around the port and iron and steel manufacturing have long Cumbria is home to around 490,000 people.
    [Show full text]
  • A Skiddaw Walk Is a Popular Excursion in the Lake Dist
    This walk description is from happyhiker.co.uk Skiddaw Walk Starting point and OS Grid reference Ormathwaite free car park (NY 281253) Ordnance Survey map OL4 – The English Lakes, North Western Area. Distance 6.9 miles Traffic light rating Introduction: A Skiddaw walk is a popular excursion in the Lake District as for the thousands of walkers who stay in Keswick, as it is almost the first mountain you see as you step out of the door. It towers above the town. It is also popular because it is one of the few mountains in England over 3,000 feet high, at 3054 ft. (931m) and therefore on many mountaineers’ “must do” lists. A consequence of its popularity is that you are bound to have company on the way but they will be fellow walkers, so decent folk! A plus is that the routes are so well trodden that it is almost impossible to get lost, even in poor visibility. I say “almost” because the route I describe off the summit can be a little tricky to spot if the cloud descends – a not infrequent occurrence over 3000 feet! More about this below. If in doubt, you can always come back the same way but I prefer circular routes. It is a hard walk, very steep ascent almost from the word go and an equally steep descent which can be hard on the knees. There is no scrambling however. The last section is a 1.8 mile walk along the lane behind Applethwaite but do not let that put you off as the views along here, across to the Derwent Fells, are truly fine.
    [Show full text]
  • Nitrogen-Isotope Record of Fluid-Rock Interactions in the Skiddaw Aureole and Granite, English Lake District
    American Mineralogist, Volume 84, pages 1495–1505, 1999 Nitrogen-isotope record of fluid-rock interactions in the Skiddaw Aureole and granite, English Lake District GRAY E. BEBOUT,1,* DEREK C. COOPER,2 A. DON BRADLEY,2,† AND SETH J. SADOFSKY1 1Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, 31 Williams Drive, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015-3188, U.S.A. 2British Geological Survey, Keyworth Nottingham NG12 5GG, U.K. ABSTRACT The Skiddaw Granite and its contact metamorphic aureole in the English Lake District provide an excellent opportunity to test the capability of the N-isotope system to trace devolatilization and large- scale transfer of crustal fluids. In the aureole, Skiddaw Group metasedimentary rocks with relatively uniform lithology and major-element compositions show a dramatic decrease in N content toward the granite contact (from ≥800 ppm at distances >2.5 km from the contact, to <410 ppm ≤0.55 km 15 from the contact). Far from the intrusive body (>1.5 km), these rocks have extremely uniform δ Nair near +3.7‰, whereas closer to the contact (≤1 km) δ15N is shifted to higher values (up to +8.7‰). The coupled decreases in N content and increases in δ15N are compatible with the removal of N having low δ15N in fluids during continuous, prograde devolatilization reactions involving the break- down of white mica and the stabilization of biotite-, cordierite-, and andalusite-bearing assemblages. In the same metasedimentary rocks, the lack of obvious trends in major-element concentrations (in- cluding SiO2/TiO2, SiO2/Al2O3, and the ratios of other major oxides to TiO2 and Al2O3) with distance from the granitic contact is consistent with minimal change in major element composition during the contact metamorphism.
    [Show full text]
  • Why Places Matter to People Research Report
    Why places matter to people Research report Visitors at the 2018 Kite Festival at Downhill Demesne and Hezlett House, County Londonderry ©National Trust Images/Chris Lacey Contents I. Foreword 5 II. Executive summary 6 III. Background 10 IV. Results 14 V. Conclusion 32 VI. Appendix 34 2 3 I. Foreward I. Foreword In 1895, the National Trust was founded by Octavia Hill, Robert Hunter and Hardwicke Rawnsley. They set out with the aim of preserving our nation’s heritage and open spaces for everyone to enjoy forever, based on their belief of the value of these places for fulling a human need in us all. ‘The need of quiet, the need of air, and I believe the sight of sky and of things growing, seem human needs, common to all.’ Octavia Hill, 1888 124 years since it was founded, National Trust memberships are at an all-time high, so it seems that the benefit of places to people is just as important today as it was in 1895. What are the places that make us feel we belong? Why does this relationship exist between people and places? And what are the benefits of having these deep-rooted emotional connections with a place? These are all questions to which we aim to find answers in this report. Visitors at Corfe Castle, Dorset Working with leading researchers at Walnut Unlimited, we have ©National Trust Images/John Millar looked at the importance of people having a deep connection to a ‘special place’, and how that influences the factors that have been proven to influence wellbeing: to connect, be active, take notice, keep learning and to give.
    [Show full text]