Appendix 2: List of Mass Public Shootings in the from 1998 to 2012 (All cases from the Crime Prevention Research Center) Some Sources that we Source Location Date Killed Wounded Perpetrator Information on Attack consulted “RAMPAGE IN CONNECTICUT: THE OVERVIEW; Connecticut Connecticut, March 7, Matthew Matthew Beck is upset about his salary, CPRC 4 0 Lottery Worker Kills 4 Newington 1998 Beck has disputes with his boss. Bosses, Then Himself,” , March 7, 1998. Mitchell Mitchell Scott Johnson, 13, and Andrew “From Wild Talk and Scott Douglas Golden, 11, two juveniles, Friendship to Five , March 24, Johnson; CPRC 5 10 ambushed students and teachers as they Deaths in a Schoolyard,” Jonesboro 1998 Andrew left the school; they were apprehended The New York Times, Douglas by police at the scene. March 29, 1998. Golden “Fatal Friendship: How two suburban boys Eric Harris; Eric Harris, 18, and Dylan Klebold, 17, traded baseball and Colorado, April 20, CPRC 13 24 Dylan opened fire throughout Columbine High bowling for murder and Columbine 1999 Klebold School before committing suicide. madness,” Denver Rocky Mountain News, August 22, 1999. Day trader Mark O. Barton, 44, who had “SHOOTINGS IN recently lost a substantial sum of money, : THE , Mark went on a shooting spree through two OVERVIEW; Killer CPRC July 29, 1999 9 13 Acworth Barton day-trading firms. He started at the All- Confessed in a Letter Tech Investment Group, where he Spiked With Rage,” The worked, then went on to Momentum New York Times, July Securities. He fled and hours later, after 31, 1999. being cornered by police outside a gas station, committed suicide. (Two days before the spree, he killed his wife and two children with a hammer.) Larry Gene Ashbrook, 47, opened fire "Faith's Fusillade," , Fort September Larry Gene inside the Wedgwood Baptist Church CPRC 7 7 Houston Press, Worth 15, 1999 Ashbrook during a prayer rally before committing November 4, 1999. suicide. Byran Koji Uyesugi, 40, a Xerox service "Man Opens Fire in Hawaii, November 2, Byran Koji technician, opened fire inside the Xerox Office, Killing 7," CPRC 7 1 Honolulu 1999 Uyesugi building with a 9mm Glock. He fled and The New York Times, was later apprehended by police. November 3, 1999. A housekeeper opened fire inside a hotel crowded with football fans in town for a “Hotel Worker Is bowl game, killing four co-workers Charged In the Killing Of Silvio before shooting a fifth person dead as December 5 in Tampa,” The New CPRC Florida, Tampa 5 3 Izquierdo- he tried to escape. The gunman then 30, 1999 York Times, January 1, Leyva carjacked another vehicle without 2000. hurting that driver and drove a short

distance before he was apprehended by police. “7 Die in Rampage at Michael McDermott, 42, opened fire on Company; Co-Worker of Massachusetts, December Michael CPRC 7 0 co-workers at Edgewater Technology Victims Arrested,” The Wakefield 26, 2000 McDermott and was later arrested. New York Times, December 27, 2000. Massachusetts, February 5, William Fired employee William D. Baker, 66, “Ex-Employee Kills 4, CPRC 4 4 Melrose 2001 Baker opened fire at his former Navistar Self in Rampage,” ABC workplace before committing suicide. News, February 6, 2001. A man looking for work opened fire at a “Gunman Kills Four at Emanuel Alabama, February 25, temporary employment agency in an Alabama Job Agency,” CPRC 4 1 Burl Huntsville 2003 argument over a CD player, killing four The New York Times, Patterson fellow job-seekers and wounding a fifth. February 26, 2003. Assembly line worker Douglas Williams, “Six Dead In Mississippi Mississippi, Doug 48, opened fire at his Lockheed Martin CPRC July 8, 2003 6 8 Massacre,” CBS News, Meridian Williams workplace in a racially motivated attack July 9, 2003. before committing suicide. A man who was fired from his job at an auto parts company six months ago returned Wednesday with a handgun and shot six former co-workers, killing them all, authorities said. He then waged a gunbattle with police before a SWAT “7 Dead In Chicago August 27, Salvador team member fatally wounded him. CPRC Illinois, Chicago 6 0 Rampage,” CBS News, 2003 Tapia Solis Salvador Tapia, 36, who had been August 28, 2003. arrested a dozen times on weapons, assault and other charges, died after being transported to a hospital, police said. Four of his victims died at the scene - slain among a maze of engine parts, crates and 55-gallon drums. The 21-year-old meatpacking plant “Police say shooter's Missouri, worker used two handguns to shoot victims not random,” CPRC June 4, 2004 5 2 Elijah Brown Kansas City seven co-workers, killing five of them, , July 4, then killed himself. 2004. Wisconsin, November Chai Soua Vang, a six-year veteran of the “Hunter Tells Police He CPRC 6 2 Birchwood 21, 2004 Vang National Guard, shot eight people while Was Threatened,” The on a hunting trip in northern Wisconsin New York Times, on November 21, 2004; six were killed November 24, 2004. and two were wounded. Nathan Gale, 25, possibly upset about the breakup of Pantera, gunned down “Inside The Mind Of A December 8, CPRC Ohio, Columbus 4 3 Nathan Gale former Pantera guitarist Dimebag Darrell Killer,” CBS News, 2004 and three others at a Damageplan show December 14, 2004. before a police officer fatally shot Gale. Living Church of God member Terry “Church, Police Probe 7 Wisconsin, March 12, Terry Michael Ratzmann, 44, opened fire at a CPRC 7 4 Murders,” CBS News, Brookfield 2005 Ratzmann church meeting at a Sheraton hotel March 14, 2005. before committing suicide. Jeffrey Weise, 16, murdered his grandfather, who was a police officer, and grandfather's girlfriend. Weise then "Red Lake Reservation , Red March 21, Jeffrey drove his grandfather's squad car to Red Readies Burial Rituals", CPRC 7 5 Lake 2005 Weise Lake Senior High School and opened fire Los Angeles Times, on the reservation campus, killing March 24, 2005. another seven people before committing suicide. Former postal worker Jennifer Sanmarco, 44, shot dead a former “Postal Shooter's California, January 30, Jennifer neighbor then drove to the mail Bizarre Behavior,” CBS CPRC 7 0 Goleta 2006 Sanmarco processing plant where she used to News, February 2, 2006. work. Inside, she opened fire, killing six employees before committing suicide. Kyle Aaron Huff, 28, opened fire at a “Police: Seattle shooter Washington, March 24, Kyle Aaron CPRC 6 3 rave afterparty in the Capitol Hill said ‘plenty for Seattle 2006 HUFF neighborhood of Seattle before everyone’,” NBC News, committing suicide. March 27, 2006. Charles Carl Roberts, 32, shot 10 young “Gunman Opens Fire In Pennsylvania, October 2, Charles Carl girls in a one-room schoolhouse in Bart Amish School CPRC 5 5 Nickel Mines 2006 Roberts IV Township, killing 5, before taking his 'Revenge',” CBS News, own life. October 3, 2006. "Emotionless killer Sulejman Talović, 18, rampaged through gunned down victims Utah, Salt Lake February 12, Sulejman CPRC 5 4 the shopping center until he was shot randomly," Salt Lake City 2007 Talovic dead by police. Tribune, February 13, 2007. “Killer's Note: 'You Virginia Tech student Seung-Hui Cho, 23, Virginia, April 16, Seung-Hui Caused Me to Do This',” CPRC 32 25 opened fire on his school's campus Blacksburg 2007 Cho ABC News, April 17, before committing suicide. 2007. Off-duty sheriff's deputy Tyler Peterson, “What happened in 20, opened fire inside an apartment Wisconsin, October 7, Tyler James Crandon on Oct. 7,” Los CPRC 6 1 after an argument at a homecoming Crandom 2007 Peterson Angeles Times, June 8, party. He fled the scene and later 2008. committed suicide. "Man opens fire at Robert A. Hawkins, 19, opened fire Nebraska, December 5, Robert A. Omaha mall, killing 8," CPRC 8 4 inside Westroads Mall before Omaha 2007 Hawkins Yahoo! News, committing suicide. December 5, 2007. "6 dead in shooting Charles "Cookie" Lee Thornton, 52, went rampage at Kirkwood Missouri, February 7, Charles Lee CPRC 6 1 on a rampage at the city hall before City Council," St. Louis Kirkwood 2008 Thornton being shot and killed by police. Post Dispatch, February 7, 2008. 27-year-old former sociology student at Steven “NIU shooter had February 14, Northern Illinois University, opened fire CPRC Illinois, DeKalb 5 0 Phillip disturbing side,” NBC 2008 on students in a lecture hall before Kazmierczak News, Feb 16, 2008. turning the gun on himself Disgruntled employee Wesley Neal Higdon, 25, shot up an Atlantis factory after he was escorted out of his “Man in Kills 5 Kentucky, June 25, Wesley Neal workplace for an argument with a Co-Workers,” The New CPRC 5 1 Henderson 2008 Higdon supervisor. Higdon shot the supervisor York Times, June 25, outside the factory before opening fire 2008. on coworkers inside. He then committed suicide. Carthage Nursing Home shooting: "Nursing Home Robert Stewart, 45, opened fire at a North Carolina, March 29, Robert Shooting 'Not a Random CPRC 8 2 nursing home where his estranged wife Carthage 2009 Stewart Act'", ABC News, March worked before he was shot and arrested 31, 2009. by a police officer. "Binghamton Rampage Binghamton Shootings: Jiverly Wong, 41, Leaves 14 Dead, Police New York, Jiverly A. opened fire at an American Civic CPRC April 3, 2009 13 4 Don't Know Motive," Binghamton Wong Association center for immigrants before ABC News, April 3, committing suicide. 2009. "Soldier Opens Fire at Texas, Fort November 5, Nidal Malik Ft. Hood; 13 Dead," CBS CPRC 13 30 surrendering to the police. Hood 2009 Hasan News, November 5, 2009. Coffee Shop Police Killings: Maurice "4 Lakewood officers Washington, November Maurice CPRC 4 0 Clemmons, 37, a felon who was out on slain; hunt is on for Parkland 29, 2009 Clemmons bail for child-rape charges, entered a gunman," The Seattle coffee shop and shot four police officers. Times, November 29, Clemmons, who was wounded fleeing 2009. the scene, was later shot dead after a two-day manhunt. 38-year-old Gerardo Regalado kills four, "Florida Man Kills Four wounds three with a .45-caliber semi- Gerardo Women in Restaurant CPRC Florida, Hialeah June 6, 2010 4 3 automatic pistol at a restaurant in Regalado Shooting, Police Say," Hialeah, Florida, before committing CBS News, June 8, 2010. suicide. Hartford Beer Distributor "Nine dead in Omar Shootings: Omar S. Thornton, 34, shot Connecticut., August 3, Connecticut workplace CPRC 8 2 Sheriff up his Hartford Beer Distributor Manchester 2010 gun rampage," BBC Thornton workplace after facing disciplinary News, August 3, 2010. issues, then committed suicide. a gunman opened fire at a public gathering outside a grocery in Tucson, "Strangers Linked by Arizona, killing six people including a 9- January 8, Jared Lee Tragedy in Tucson CPRC Arizona, Tuscon 6 13 year-old girl and wounding at least 12 2011 Loughner Rampage," CBS News, others. Congresswoman Gabrielle January 10, 2011. Giffords was severely injured with a gunshot to the head. Eduardo Sencion, 32, entered an IHOP "Gunman kills 4 at Nevada, Carson September Eduardo restaurant in Carson City, NV and shot Nevada pancake house, CPRC 4 7 City 6, 2011 Sencion 12 people. Five died, including three shoots self," Reuters, National Guard members. September 7, 2011. Eight people died in a shooting at Salon "8 Killed in Salon California, Seal October 12, Scott Evans Meritage hair salon in Seal Beach, CA. Shooting in Southern CPRC 8 1 Beach 2011 Dekraai The gunman, 41-year-old Scott Evans California," The New Dekraai, killed six women and two men York Times, October 12, dead, while just one woman survived. It 2011. was Orange County’s deadliest mass killing. “Shooter in Atlanta spa killings had been Georgia, February 20, Jeong Soo acquitted in Metairie CPRC 4 0 Went in and killed family members Norcross 2012 Paek shootings,” The Associated Press, February 25, 2012. One Goh is accused of shooting to death seven students and wounding three others in a classroom at Oikos University, a small Christian college. The gunman told the students in the classroom to line up against the wall, “Death toll rises to 7 in and exclaimed "I'm going to kill you all!" California, Oakland religious school CPRC April 2, 2012 7 3 One L. Goh before firing the gun at them. He fled Oakland shooting,” Los Angeles the scene, stealing a victim's car, and Times, April 2, 2012. was apprehended hours later in a nearby location. The weapon used was a .45 caliber handgun. Goh is charged with seven counts of murder and is believed by his psychiatrist to suffer from paranoid schizophrenia. Ian Lee Stawicki, 40, who had a history “Seattle shootings of mental and behavioral problems, was Washington, May 30, Ian Lee suspect shoots himself, CPRC 5 1 asked by a barista to leave a coffee shop Seattle 2012 Stawicki police say,” CNN News, before he stood up and opened fire. He May 30, 2012. fled and killed himself as police closed in hours later. The guns were purchased legally and Stawicki had a concealed weapons permit. Grad student James Eagan Holmes, 24, "Theater shooter reportedly entered a mall theater during James Holmes gets 12 life Colorado, a midnight showing of “The Dark Knight CPRC July 20, 2012 12 70 Eagan sentences, plus 3,318 Aurora Rises,” set off gas canisters and opened Holmes years,” CNN, August 26, fire. He awaits trial and has not entered 2015. a plea. Holmes bought the guns legally. White supremacist Wade Michael Page, 40, walked into a Sikh temple and "Police evacuate Wis. Wade Wisconsin, Oak August 5, opened fire just before Sunday services. neighborhood near CPRC 6 3 Michael Creek 2012 Police wounded Page, who then fatally shooting," CBS News, Page shot himself. The gun was purchased August 5, 2012. legally. As Andrew Engeldinger, 36, was being fired from his job at a sign-making "Gunman, firm's company, he pulled out a gun and shot founder among 5 dead Minnesota, September Andrew his two managers, the owner, other CPRC 6 3 in shooting," Star Minneapolis 27, 2012 Engeldinger employees and a UPS driver as he Tribune, September 28, walked around the building before 2012. shooting himself. The gun was purchased legally. Adam Lanza, aged 20, killed 26 people "Sandy Hook and himself at the Sandy Hook Elementary: Newtown, Connecticut, December Adam Peter Elementary School. He first killed his Connecticut shooting CPRC 26 2 Newtown 14, 2012 Lanza mother at their shared home before timeline," The Oakland taking her guns and driving to the Press, December 15, school. Lanza brought four guns with 2012. him; A Bushmaster .223 caliber XM15- E2S rifle, a Glock 10mm handgun, a Sig- Sauer P226 9mm handgun, and an Izhmash Saiga-12 12 gauge shotgun which was later found in the trunk of the car and not used in the shootings. During the attack, 20 first-grade children aged six and seven were killed, along with six adults, including four teachers, the principal, and the school psychologist. Two others were injured. Lanza used the Bushmaster .223 caliber rifle against all of the victims at the school. He then took his own life with one of the handguns as police arrived at the school. According to the state's chief medical examiner, H. Wayne Carver, all of the victims were shot between 3 and 11 times.