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History of the Colony and Ancient Dominion of Virginia, by Charles Campbell http://www.gutenberg.org/files/32573/32573-h/32573-h.htm The Project Gutenberg EBook of History of the Colony and Ancient Dominion of Virginia, by Charles Campbell This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org Title: History of the Colony and Ancient Dominion of Virginia Author: Charles Campbell Release Date: May 28, 2010 [EBook #32573] Language: English Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 *** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK VIRGINIA *** Produced by Julia Miller, Lisa Reigel, and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images generously made available by The Internet Archive/American Libraries.) Transcriber's Notes: Variations in spelling and hyphenation have been left as in the original. A complete list of corrections follows the text. Other notes are also at the end of the file. Click on the page number to see an image of the page. [ix] HISTORY OF THE COLONY AND ANCIENT DOMINION OF VIRGINIA. BY CHARLES CAMPBELL. PHILADELPHIA: J. B. LIPPINCOTT AND CO. 1860. [x] Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the year 1859, by CHARLES CAMPBELL, In the Clerk's Office of the District Court of the United States for the Eastern District of Virginia. [xi] PREFACE. Although Virginia must be content with a secondary and unpretending rank in the general department of history, yet in the abundance and the interest of her historical materials, she may, without presumption, claim pre-eminence among the Anglo-American colonies. While developing the rich resources with which nature has so munificently endowed her, she ought not to neglect her past, which teaches so many useful lessons, and carries with it so many proud recollections. Her documentary history, lying, much of it, scattered and fragmentary, in part slumbering in the dusty oblivion of Transatlantic archives, ought to be collected with pious care, and embalmed in the perpetuity of print. The work now presented to the reader will be found to be written in conformity with the following maxim of Lord Bacon: "It is the office of history to represent the events themselves, together with the counsels, and to leave the observations and conclusions thereupon, to the liberty and faculty of every man's judgment." I avail myself of this occasion to express my acknowledgments to Hugh B. Grigsby, Esq., (who has contributed so much to the illustration of Virginia history by his own writings,) for many valuable suggestions, and for having undergone the trouble of revising a large part of the manuscript of this work. PETERSBURG, VA., September 2d, 1859. [xii] [xiii] SUMMARY OF CONTENTS. CHAPTER I. —Early Voyages of Discovery. Sir Walter Raleigh's Colony of Virginia. 17 II. —Early Life and Adventures of Captain John Smith. 30 III. —Landing at Jamestown and Settlement of Virginia proper. Wingfield, President of Council. Ratcliffe, President. 35 IV. —Smith's Explorations. Smith, President. 55 V. —Smith's Adventures with the Indians. His Administration of the Colony. His Departure. His Character and Writings. 70 VI. —The Indians of Virginia. 85 VII. —Sufferings of the Colonists. Wreck of the Sea-Venture. Miscellaneous Affairs. Percy, President. Lord Delaware, Governor. Percy, Acting Governor. Sir Thomas Dale, High Marshal. Sir Thomas Gates, Governor. 92 VIII. —Pocahontas visits England. Her Death. Yeardley, Deputy Governor. 112 IX. —Argall, Governor. His Administration. Powhatan's Death. 124 X. —Sir Walter Raleigh. 132 XI. —First Assembly of Virginia. Powell, Deputy Governor. Yeardley, Governor. 138 XII. —Negroes imported into Virginia. Yeardley, Governor. 143 XIII. —London Company. George Sandys, Treasurer. Wyat, Governor. 149 XIV. —Tobacco. 153 XV. —East India School. 158 XVI. —Massacre of 1622. 160 XVII. —Extermination of Indians. 166 XVIII. —Dissolution of Charter of Virginia Company. Earl of Southampton, Nicholas Ferrar, and Sir Edwin Sandys. 169 XIX. —Royal Government established in Virginia. Yeardley, Governor. West, Governor. Pott, Governor. Sir John Harvey, Governor. 179 XX. —Maryland settled. Contest between Clayborne and Lord Baltimore. 187 XXI. —Virginia during Harvey's Administration. He is recalled and succeeded by Wyatt. 193 [xiv]XXII. —Virginia during the Civil War of England. Berkley, Governor. Kemp, Governor. 199 XXIII. —Virginia during the Commonwealth of England. Bennet, Governor. 210 XXIV. —Maryland during the Protectorate. 222 XXV. —Virginia during the Protectorate. Digges, Governor. Matthews, Governor. 233 XXVI. —Virginia under Richard Cromwell and during the Interregnum. Berkley, Governor. 240 XXVII. —Loyalty of Virginia. Miscellaneous Affairs. Morrison, Governor. Berkley, Governor. 249 XXVIII. —Scarburgh's Report of his Proceedings in establishing the Boundary Line between Virginia and Maryland. "The Bear and the Cub," an extract from the Accomac Records. 259 XXIX. —Miscellaneous Affairs. 263 XXX. —Berkley's Statistics of Virginia. 271 XXXI. —Threatened Revolt. 274 XXXII. —Rev. Morgan Godwyn's Account of the Condition of the Church in Virginia. 277 XXXIII. —Indian Disturbances. Disaffection of Colonists. 280 XXXIV. —Bacon's Rebellion. 283 XXXV. —Bacon's Rebellion, continued. 293 XXXVI. —Bacon's Rebellion, continued. 308 XXXVII. —Closing Scenes of the Rebellion. 313 XXXVIII. —Punishment of the Rebels. Berkley's death. Succeeded by Jeffreys. 319 XXXIX. —Chicheley, Governor. Culpepper, Governor. 326 XL. —Statistics of Virginia. 331 XLI. —Effingham, Governor. Death of Beverley. Effingham's Corruption and Tyranny. 335 XLII. —William and Mary proclaimed. College chartered. Andros, Governor. 343 XLIII. —Condition of Virginia. Powers of Governor. Courts and State Officers. Revenue. 349 XLIV. —Administration of Andros. Nicholson again Governor. 356 XLV. —Assembly held in the College. Ceremony of Opening. Governor's Speech. 364 XLVI. —Church Affairs. Nicholson recalled. Huguenots. 367 XLVII. —Rev. Francis Makemie. Dissenters. 371 XLVIII. —Nott, Lieutenant-Governor. Earl of Orkney, Governor-in-chief. 375 XLIX. —Spotswood, Governor. 378 L. —Indian School. 384 LI. —Spotswood's Tramontane Expedition. 387 LII. —Virginia succours South Carolina. Disputes between Spotswood and the Burgesses. Blackbeard. 391 [xv]LIII. —Spotswood's Administration reviewed. His subsequent Career and Death. His Family. 398 LIV. —Drysdale, Governor. Robert Carter, President. 411 LV. —Gooch's Administration. Carthagena Expedition. 414 LVI. —Settlement of the Valley. John Lewis. 423 LVII. —Rev. James Blair. Governor Gooch and the Dissenters. Morris. Davies. Whitefield. 433 LVIII. —Gooch resigns. Robinson, President. Lee, President. Burwell, President. 444 LIX. —Dinwiddie, Governor. Davies and the Dissenters. George Washington. Fairfax. 452 LX. —Hostilities with the French. Death of Jumonville. Washington surrenders at Fort Necessity. 460 LXI. —Dinwiddie's Administration, continued. Braddock's Expedition. 469 LXII. —Davies. Waddell. Washington. 482 LXIII. —Settlers of the Valley. Sandy Creek Expedition. Dinwiddie succeeded by President Blair. 488 LXIV. —Fauquier, Governor. Forbes captures Fort Du Quesne. 500 LXV. —"The Parsons' Cause." Patrick Henry's Speech. 507 LXVI. —Patrick Henry. 519 LXVII. —Rev. Jonathan Boucher's Opinions on Slavery. Remarks. 526 LXVIII. —Disputes between Colonies and Mother Country. Stamp Act. Speaker Robinson, Randolph, Bland, Pendleton, Lee, Wythe. 530 LXIX. —Stamp Act opposed. Loan-Office Scheme. Robinson's Defalcation. Stamp Act 538 Repealed. Offices of Speaker and Treasurer separated. Family of Robinson. LXX. —Bland's Inquiry. Death of Fauquier. Persecution of Baptists. Blair's tolerant Spirit. 549 LXXI. —Botetourt, Governor. Parliamentary Measures resisted. Death of Botetourt. Nelson, President. American Episcopate. 550 LXXII. —Rev. Devereux Jarratt. 563 LXXIII. —Duty on Tea. Dunmore, Governor. Revolutionary Proceedings. 568 LXXIV. —Dunmore's Administration. Revolutionary Proceedings. 572 LXXV. —Richard Henry Lee. Congress at Philadelphia. Patrick Henry. Washington. 577 LXXVI. —Battle of Point Pleasant. General Andrew Lewis. Cornstalk. 582 LXXVII. —Logan. Kenton. Girty. Dunmore's ambiguous Conduct. 590 LXXVIII. —Daniel Boone. 595 LXXIX. —Second Virginia Convention. Henry's Resolutions and Speech. 599 LXXX. —Thomas Jefferson. 603 [xvi]LXXXI. —Dunmore removes the Gunpowder. Revolutionary Commotions. Patrick Henry extorts Compensation for the Powder from the Governor. 607 LXXXII. —The Mecklenburg Declaration. 615 LXXXIII. —Dunmore retires from Williamsburg. Washington made Commander-in-chief. 618 LXXXIV. —Committee of Safety. Carrington, Read, Cabell. Death of Peyton Randolph. The Randolphs of Virginia. 624 LXXXV. —Dunmore's War. Battle of Great Bridge. Committee of Safety and Colonel Henry. 632 LXXXVI. —Dunmore's War, continued. Colonel Henry resigns. 639 LXXXVII. —Convention at Williamsburg. Declaration of Rights and Constitution of Virginia. Patrick Henry, Governor. George Mason. 644 LXXXVIII. —Declaration of Independence. George Wythe. Benjamin Harrison, Jr., of Berkley. Thomas Nelson. 652 LXXXIX. —Richard Henry Lee. Francis Lightfoot Lee. Carter Braxton. 659 XC. —Dunmore retires from Virginia. Events of the War in the North. Death of General Hugh Mercer. 664 XCI. —Death of Richard Bland. The Bland Genealogy. Petitions concerning Church Establishment. Scheme of Dictator. Hampden Sidney College. The Virginia Navy. 670 XCII. —Examination
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