Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine REFORM STRATEGY FOR EDUCATION IN UKRAINE EDUCATIONAL POLICY RECOMMENDATIONS With the support of United Nations Development Programme, International Renaissance Foundation, Open Society Institute (Budapest) Kyiv – 2003 УДК 37.014.5: 37.014.3: 37.013.74 ББК 74.04 Reform Strategy for Education in Ukraine: Educational Policy Rec ommendations. – Kyiv: K.I.S., 2003. – 280 pages. A research on educational policy in Ukraine is presented in the book. The proposed publication is based upon the world approaches to definition and elaboration of options to solve educational sector problems. The authors ana lyze the modern tendencies in the 21century education development, de scribe possible alternatives, evaluate their prospects in terms of the imple mentation, and give recommendations. The main attention is attached to the following key areas of the educational reform: equal access to quality education, content of education, education quality monitoring, governance and financing. The book is for education policy makers, school managers, researchers, pedagogues, students and consultants. ISBN 9668039181 No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form or by any means without prior permission of the MOES and UNDP/Ukraine. Cover photo by UN in Ukraine © Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine, 2003 © United Nations Development Programme, 2003 © "K.I.C.", design and layout, 2003 ISBN 9668039181 Contents Contents Foreword 5 Project Team and Partners 6 Introduction 9 COMPETENCIES AS A KEY TO EDUCATIONAL CONTENT RENEWAL 13 by Oksana Ovcharuk EQUAL ACCESS FOR CHILDREN TO PRIMARY EDUCATION 43 by Pavlo Khobzey PROFILE EDUCATION IN UPPER SECONDARY SCHOOL 57 by Oksana Ovcharuk EXTERNAL ASSESSMENT OF STUDENT ACHIEVEMENTS 83 by Olena Lokshyna VOCATIONAL EDUCATION AND TRAINING IN THE UKRAINIAN SYSTEM OF EDUCATION 109 by Pavlo Khobzey SCHOOL WORK EFFICIENCY EVALUATION 123 by Olena Lokshyna THE PROBLEM OF EFFICIENT TEACHER RESOURCE USE 145 by Pavlo Khobzey SCHOOL TEXTBOOK PROBLEMS 169 by Oksana Ovcharuk and Volodymyr Voytov STATISTICAL DATA ON THE UKRAINIAN SYSTEM OF SECONDARY EDUCATION 205 by Olena Lokshyna EDUCATIONAL SERVICES FINANCING FROM LOCAL BUDGETS 225 by Volodymyr Voytov 3 Foreword Foreword The path Ukraine has chosen towards integration into Europe and the world community necessitates intense changes in the social, political and economic life of our state. It is with this aim in sight that reforms, designed to achieve the best world standards, have taken place during recent years. The National Doctrine for the Development of Education has assumed an important role in this context by laying the foundations of a new educational model that is intrinsically humanistic, innovative and competitive in the European and international terms and that aims to raise a generation of young people that will feel secure and mobile in the job market, that are capable of making personal spiritual choices, and that are in possession of the knowledge, skills and competencies necessary for lifelong learning. The educational development strategy defined by the National Doctrine has become a land mark in the work of the UN Development Programme Project “Education Innovation and Renewal for Improved Wellbeing and Poverty Reduction” whose work has focused on investigating the question of improving educational policy. A detailed analysis of existing problems in education and selection of the most appropriate mechanisms for dealing with them (in the light of the educational strategy defined by the National Doctrine) was the project group’s main task. Educational policy options for tackling the problems of equitable access to quality education, governance, financing, content and quality monitoring were the results of the project work. The authors – national project experts – closely studied modern approaches to educational development and established possible educational options after having evaluated them from the point of view of their prospective implementation. Their work was not conducted in “cabinet silence” but in the spirit of close cooperation with the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine, along with other ministries and governmental bodies and the Academy of Pedagogical Science of Ukraine, as well as higher educational institutions, educationalists, international advisors and the general public. The proposed work is an initial attempt of an integrated approach to define and forge solutions to problems existing in Ukraine’s educational sector in line with the challenges facing 21stcentury mankind. Prof Viktor Andrushchenko Project Coordinator, Rector, M.Drahomanov National Pedagogical University, Doctor of Science (Philosophy), Academician of the Academy of Pedagogical Science of Ukraine 5 Reform Strategy for Education in Ukraine Project Team and Partners National Project Director Mykhaylo Stepko Deputy Minister, Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine, Professor, Corresponding Member, Academy of Pedagogical Science of Ukraine National Project Coordinator Viktor Andrushchenko Rector, M.Drahomanov National Pedagogical University, Professor, Academician, Academy of Pedagogical Science of Ukraine Group of Authors Volodymyr Voytov National Expert (Educational Financing) Olena Lokshyna National Expert (Educational Quality Monitoring), Senior Scholar, Institute of Pedagogy, Academy of Pedagogical Sci ence of Ukraine, Candidate of Science (Pedagogy) Oksana Ovcharuk National Expert (Educational Content). Department Head, Institute of Means of Education, Academy of Pedagogical Sci ence of Ukraine, Candidate of Science (Pedagogy) Pavlo Khobzey National Expert (Educational Governance), Doctorate Candi date, Ukrainian Academy of Public Administration under the President of Ukraine, Candidate of Science (Physics and Mathematics) Administrative Assistant Viktoriya Galperina Postgraduate, Institute of Higher Education, Academy of Pedagogical Science of Ukraine UN in Ukraine Manoj Basnyat UNDP Deputy Resident Representative, Programme Director Sergei Volkov Senior Programme Manager Klavdia Maksimenko Programme Manager Institutional Partners and Donors Yevhen Bystrytsky Executive Director, International Renaissance Foundation, Department Head, H.Skovoroda Institute of Philosophy, Na tional Academy of Science of Ukraine, Doctor of Science (Philosophy). 6 Project Team and Partners Georgii Kasianov Education Programs Director, International Renaissance Foundation, Department Head, Institute of History, National Academy of Science of Ukraine, Doctor of Science (History) Natalia Shablya Education Development Officer, Education Support Pro gramme, Open Society Institute (Budapest) Іrina Ivanyuk Educational Programs Manager, International Renaissance Foundation Maryna Mosiyenko Director, Shkilniy Svit Publishing House, Candidate of Science (Philology) International Experts Habriel Hostens Cabinet Chief, Ministry of Education of the Flemish Commu nity of Belgium, OECD Consultant Jan Herczynski Professor, Warsaw University (Poland). Expert on Financing and Governance, Center for Social and Economic Research (CASE) Publishing Group К.І.S. Publishing House Andriy Chernyavsky Deputy Director Katya Duliba Maniichuk Editor of English Version Acknowledgments Pavlo Polyanskyi Head, Department of General, Secondary and Preschool Edu cation, Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine Vyacheslav Yamkovyi Consultant, Department of Higher Education, Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine Tetyana Kharlamova Head, Methodological and Publishing Centre for Production and Supply of Literature Oleksandra Savchenko VicePresident, Academy of Pedagogical Science of Ukraine, Doctor of Science (Pedagogy) Oleksandr Lyashenko Chief Scientific Secretary, Presidium of the Academy of Peda gogical Science of Ukraine, Doctor of Science (Pedagogy) Neli Nychkalo AcademicianSecretary, Department of VET Pedagogy and Psychology, Academy of Pedagogical Science of Ukraine, Doc tor of Science (Pedagogy) Nadiya Bibik AcademicianSecretary, Department of Didactics, Methods and Information Technologies in Education, Academy of Pedagogi cal Science of Ukraine, Doctor of Science (Pedagogy) 7 Reform Strategy for Education in Ukraine Yuriy Maliovanyi Scientific Secretary, Academy of Pedagogical Science of Ukraine, Candidate of Science (Pedagogy) Borys Chyzhevskyi Head of the Secretariat, Committee of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine on Science and Education, Candidate of Science Volodymyr Vovk Main Specialist, Directorate of Scientific, Technical and Hu manitarian Development, Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine Ludmyla Holik Deputy Head, Directorate of Statistics, Services and Social Pro grammes, State Committee of Statistics Olexandr Kilievych Assistant Professor, Economic Theory Chair, Ukrainian Acad emy of Public Administration under the President of Ukraine, Economic State Policy Expert Hryhoryi Naumenko Director, Pedagogical College, Kyiv Taras Shevchenko Univer sity, Project Expert on Educational Governance Olha Shcherbak Director, Anton Makarenko Professional and Pedagogical Col lege Corresponding Member, Academy of Pedagogical Science of Ukraine, Candidate of Science (Pedagogy) Nataliya Chepurna Rector, Cherkasy Region Inservice Teacher Training Institute Nadiya Kolosovska Rector, Mykolayiv Region Inservice Teacher Training Insti tute, Candidate of Science (Pedagogy) Yuryi Buhan Rector, Ternopil Region Inservice Teacher Training Institute Tamara Sorochan Rector, Luhansk Region InService Teacher Training Institute, Candidate of Science (Pedagogy)