TheAthenæumofPhiladelphia • TheArchitecturalArchivesofthe UniversityofPennsylvania • Initial Grant Proposal (with updated Summary) • May7,1999 (updated Jan 7, 2000) The Athenæum of Philadelphia

The Architectural Archives of the University of Pennsylvania

•

Application to the William Penn Foundation

May 7, 1999 (Project Summary updated January 7, 2000)

•

Philadelphia Architects and Buildings Project

Drawing of the PSFS Building and “Nothing More Modern” slogan are from a Philadelphia Savings Fund Society brochure, circa 1932, University of Pennsylvania Architectural Archives Contents

Project Summary ...... 1

Project Narrative ...... 2

The Problem ...... 2.1 The Solution ...... 2.4 Background of PAB ...... 2.5 PAB Project Components ...... 2.17 PAB Building Information Database ...... 2.17 PAB Digital Image Library ...... 2.18 PAB Online Biographical Dictionary of Philadelphia Architects ...... 2.19 PAB and Geographical Information Systems (GIS) ...... 2.20 Staffing ...... 2.26 Steering Committee ...... 2.28 Advisory Committee ...... 2.28 Equipment, Hosting & Software ...... 2.29 PAB and the Athenæum ...... 2.30 PAB and the University of Pennsylvania Architectural Archives ...... 2.31 PAB and the Philadelphia Historical Commission ...... 2.32 PAB and the Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission ...... 2.33 PAB and the Places in Time Project ...... 2.34 PAB and Other Organizations in the Philadelphia Area ...... 2.35 PAB and the Future ...... 2.36

Timeline ...... 4

Appendix A: Institutional Backgrounds ...... A

Appendix B: Biographical Dictionary of Philadelphia Architects ...... B

Appendix C: Guide to Roman Catholic Building Resources at the Athenæum ...... C

Appendix D: Introduction to the Cultural Resources/Geographical Information System . D

Appendix E: Steering and Advisory Committees Membership Lists ...... E

Appendix F: Letters of Support and Commitment ...... F

Appendix G: Resumes of Key Personnel ...... G Project Summary

The Philadelphia Architects and Buildings Project (PAB) is a regional initiative that will dramatically expand free public access to information on the built environment of the five- county Philadelphia area by creating a user friendly, web-based, and image rich resource. In an ambitious example of private, academic, and public cooperation, the PAB project will bring together the collections, data, images and professional expertise of The Athenæum of

Philadelphia, the University of Pennsylvania Architectural Archives, the Philadelphia Historical

Commission, the Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission, and several local cultural institutions. The Athenaeum of Philadelphia has received a two-year grant from the William

Penn Foundation for the PAB project.

In brief, the Philadelphia Architects and Buildings Project will provide:

· A free, publicly searchable Internet database of architectural and historical information

and images for 20,000+ structures in Philadelphia, Bucks, Chester, Delaware and

Montgomery Counties, including all those on the Philadelphia Historical Commission list

of significant buildings, and the Pennsylvania Historical & Museum Commission’s

inventory of historic structures. All local buildings represented in the Athenæum and the

University of Pennsylvania architectural collections, as well as the holdings of such

institutions as the Historical Society of Pennsylvania and the Library Company of

Philadelphia will be included in the database. · A Web-based library of 20,000+ images, including most existing original architectural

documents of Philadelphia area buildings created before 1900, and representative images

(when available) for each twentieth-century building included in the database.

· A Web-based, digital version of the expanded and corrected Biographical Dictionary of

Philadelphia Architects (Boston, G.K. Hall 1985), featuring biographies or biographical

sketches of 2500+ individuals and firms, (twice the number of the printed edition)

updated to the year 2000, and integrated into the building database.

· An architectural and building history component to the region’s growing Geographical

Information System (GIS), which provide the ability to link authoritative geographical

coordinates with a wide, and potentially limitless variety of information.

· A national model for creating and presenting authoritative building history resources,

which easily might be linked to similar regions throughout the United States. 2.1 Project Narrative

The Problem

The Greater Philadelphia region may have the richest surviving architectural heritage in the

United States. Thousands of historic buildings spanning three centuries still house our citizens and their institutions, many representing the work of our nation’s greatest designers. In addition we have an unequaled documentary record of our built environment preserved in a host of regional and national repositories. Despite the effort of these institutions, it remains a daunting task to track the history of a given Philadelphia building. Professional researchers are often stymied by this effort, and the average home owner or dedicated amateur preservationist is too often seen with hands thrown up in frustration. Yet the most common request at any architectural repository comes not from professionals. Typically we hear, “I live at 123 Main Street. Can you tell me who designed my house and what style it is? Are their any drawings or pictures of it? And by the way, I’m told my house is registered as historic. How do I find out?” The answers to these straightforward questions are rarely so simple. The staffs of the Athenæum, University of Pennsylvania, the Philadelphia Historical

Commission and the Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission must usually explain that the answers exist but will take several calls or visits to find the desired information. The Philadelphia

Architects and Buildings Project will directly address these and more complex needs.

A Single Example

Even well-known sites can present challenges to those who wish to track down information.

For example, if someone wished to research the PSFS building at 12th & Market Streets, they might 2.2 encounter this sequence of events. The original owner of the building, the Philadelphia Savings Fund

Society, is out of business, so perhaps they would start with the American Institute of Architects,

Philadelphia Chapter, whose staff might correctly tell them that the building was the design of George

Howe & William Lescaze; it was completed in 1932, and was named by the AIA in 1969 the “building of the century.” The AIA might refer the inquiry to the Athenæum, whose curator would tell them that there are 39 blueprints for the building as well as three photographs and a biographical file on architect George Howe. Because the Athenæum’s curator is sure that the building is on the National

Register, he may suggests that the researcher call the Philadelphia Historical Commission, the city office whose mission it is to maintain files on all historically certified buildings.

The Historical Commission staff would tell the researcher that the building is indeed on the

National Register of Historic Places and that it has one file of photos, a National Register survey form, a file of newspaper clippings, and three file boxes of architectural drawings prepared in 1998-99 for the conversion of the building to a hotel for Loews. Since the PSFS building is on the National

Register, a file has also been created for it at the Pennsylvania Historical & Museum Commission that includes both photographs as well as a Commonwealth inventory survey form. The commission staff might refer the researcher to the University of Pennsylvania Architectural Archives (UPAA), which maintains a collection of architectural drawings from the firm of Mellor, Meigs & Howe. As it turns out, UPAA does indeed have preliminary sketches for the landmark tower building. Someone at

UPAA might remember that the PSFS corporate archives were acquired by the Hagley Library in

Wilmington, Delaware, after the bank’s demise. A call or visit there would reveal the presence of more than 6,000 photographs of the construction of the building.

At this point our researcher, pleased with the findings—though understandably quite 2.3

fatigued—might be surprised to learn that there are additional materials in the Library Company of

Philadelphia, the Historical Society of Pennsylvania, the Temple University Urban Archives, the

Philadelphia City Archives, and the Free Library of Philadelphia. And those are only the organizations in the Philadelphia area with holdings. Would one of the reference staff have been sure to mention

to the researcher that the Library of Congress, Prints & Photographs division, has 39 photographs

of the building? Or that the William Lescaze Papers can be found at Syracuse University? Or that

Columbia University has documentation on Howe’s career?

Suppose now, that the building of interest once stood on the site of the PSFS building and

was demolished in 1929 to make way for the International Style Landmark. Would the researcher

know that the PSFS building, whose address was both 1212 Market Street, and 12 South 12th,

actually occupied the lots that had formerly been 1200, 1202, 1204, 1206, 1208, 1210, 1212 Market,

as well as 8 South 12th and 12 South 12th Streets? (Of course, these address numbers are only valid

as far back as 1857, when Philadelphia changed the street numbering system.) Correct address

information is vital because it would lead a researcher to photographs at the Library Company of

Philadelphia, Fire Insurance Surveys and David J. Kennedy watercolors at the Historical Society of

Pennsylvania, and Building Permits at the Philadelphia City Archives. Would knowing that the

William Penn Charter School stood at 8 South 12th give the researcher a lead into finding

documentation on the site?

This is an example for one site—yet there is a score of organizations to consult just to

uncover the surviving documentation. If buildings as famous PSFS can be this cumbersome to

research, imagine how difficult less significant structures might be to track down, those structures so

obscure that even the most seasoned architectural historian can’t name an architect, builder or former 2.4

owner. And though each of the institutions mentioned have knowledgeable and dedicated reference

staffs, none of them could be expected to know all of the places to look for documentation of this nature. Moreover, these “less significant” structures, the vernacular of three centuries, dominate the urban and suburban streetscape and contribute much to the architectural character of our towns, cities and region.

The Solution

The Philadelphia Architects and Buildings Project will solve this most basic of problems by collating data and images from the Philadelphia region in one free, easy to use Internet-based system.

PAB will encourage ordinary citizens, who would not think of themselves as researchers, to discover

who designed their homes and where to find original documents. This personal, “do-it yourself”

approach will help to overcome the hesitancy the average person may have in approaching academic

or governmental institutions. It will also foster a greater appreciation for the built environment of the

Greater Philadelphia region.

Aside from answering the most individual and basic building questions, PAB will ultimately

link to sophisticated mapping systems that will enable residents to track and graph for themselves

their neighborhood’s architectural heritage or history. A Geographical Information System (GIS)

could, for example, enable a user to determine the exact location of all housing of a particular age in

a given neighborhood, or which houses were designed by a specific architect, or which rowhouse

architects were most active in the area. PAB has far-reaching potential for encouraging a sense of

community by assisting residents to learn for themselves what local treasures exist, both on the street

and in archival institutions. 2.5

Figure 1 illustrates how PAB would handle the PSFS query1. The page is by no means a complete building history, nor does it intend to be. But it does provide, in one location, a pointer to all the known holders of documents for this building as well as information in printed format. More importantly, it is entirely correctable, and updateable. As new and more authoritative information becomes available it will promptly be accessible to all interested parties.

Finally, PAB will reveal to the public information available from government agencies responsible for planning their community. Whether it involves the building of a highway, or supermarket, the creation of an historic district or an enterprise zone, PAB will ensure that the historical architectural data of any community in the Southeastern Pennsylvania area will not be overlooked because it was too difficult to access in too many different institutions. Supported by the

American Institute of Architects—Philadelphia Chapter, the Foundation for Architecture and the

Preservation Alliance of Greater Philadelphia, PAB will provide a centralized, fully updateable, source of architectural and historical data for a continually expanding constituency. The interpretation of this previously unavailable data will have the potential to enrich appreciation of the built environment of

Greater Philadelphia.

Background of PAB

In an effort to address the problems of accessibility outlined above, the Athenæum, the

University of Pennsylvania Architectural Archives, the Philadelphia Historical Commission and the

Pennsylvania Historical & Museum Commission—joined by several other local institutions—have

1 Figure 1, as well as a more detailed set of demonstration pages, can be viewed on the Internet at http://www.stwing.upenn.edu/~ricew/pab/. Return to Philadelphia Architects and Buildings PSFS Home Page Building Images Alternate Names: Philadelphia Saving Fund Building, Philadelphia Savings Fund Society Building, Loews Hotel

Location (MAP)

Address: 12 S. 12th Street, 1212 Market St., 1200 Market St. County: Philadelphia City: Philadelphia State: PA Country: USA "Nothing More Modern" brochure Other Buildings on this (University of Site Pennsylvania Architectural Archives) Dalsimer Shoe Store William Penn Charter School

Historic Registration Status

National Register: 76001667 (listed 12/08/1976) Historic American Buildings Survey (H.A.B.S.): PA-1533

Architects

Howe and Lescaze

Contractors

George A. Fuller Company Walter Berhman (Interior Design) Clients

Philadelphia Savings Fund Society Loews Hotels

Dates

Date of Construction: 1929-1932 Dates of Alteration: 1949, 1998-1999

Secondary References

Webster, p. 141 Crit. 1990 Spring, no. 24, p.40-43 (Avery Index) Casabella, v. 52, no. 548, p. 42-53 (July-August 1988) (Avery Index) Perspecta, no. 25, p. 78-141 (1989) (Avery Index) Architectural Record. v. 177, no. 7, p. 142-147 (June 1989) (Avery Index) Architectural Record. v. 69, p. 33-35 (January 1931) Architectural Record. v. 69, p. 306 (April 1931) Architectural Record. v. 106, p. 88-95, 180-82 (October 1949) J.S.A.H. v. 27, no. 4, p. 299-302 (December 1968) J.S.A.H. v. 21, no. 2 (May 1962) Industrial Arts. v. 1, p. 83 (Spring 1936) T Square Club Journal. v. 1, p. 10-13 (March 1931) Architectural Forum. v. 57, p. 483-498, 543-550 (December 1932) Architectural Forum. v. 48, p. 881-886 (June 1928) Architectural Forum. v. 120, p. 124-129,143 (May 1964) PSFS Building, North Architectural Review, v. 73, p. 101-106 (March 1933) Elevation MacMillan Encyclopedia of Architects, p. 432-433, 689-690 (Athenaeum of Stern, Robert A.M. George Howe: Toward a Modern American Architecture. Philadelphia) New Haven: Yale University Press, 1975 West, Helen Howe. George Howe, Architect, 1886-1955. 1968

Primary References

PSFS Collection, Athenaeum of Philadelphia Mellor, Meigs, and Howe Collection, University of Pennsylvania Architectural Archives Philadelphia Savings Fund Society and Western Savings Bank photograph collection, Hagley Museum (Hagley OPAC)

Holdings State Historical Survey Drawings Form, 8 pages (Philadelphia Historical The Athenaeum of Philadelphia, 39 blueprints (Athena OPAC) Commission) Philadelphia Historical Commision, alteration drawings, 1997-1998 for Loew’s Hotel; 3 plan files Links to Other University of Pennsylvania Architectural Archives, 1 drawing (dated 1926), 68 Resources for the drawings (84.02.1 - .12, 91.153, 97.20.1 - .44) PSFS Building Great Buildings Online - Manuscripts PSFS Building Philadelphia Historical Commision, 1 file of correspondence Library of Congress American Memory: Photos HABS/HAER: PSFS Building The Athenaeum of Philadelphia, Dillon Collection, 3 B/W photographs Philadelphia Historical Commision, 1 file of photographs Loews Hotels - Library Company of Philadelphia, 3 photographs Philadelphia Urban Archives at Temple University, 3 photographs University of Pennsylvania Architectural Archives, 3 photographs Hagley Museum, unknown number of photographs (Hagley OPAC) Philadelphia City Archives, Folders 1292, 976

Other

Philadelphia Historical Commision, 1 file of newspaper clippings University of Pennsylvania Architectural Archives, 2 promotional brochures

2.9 taken steps in the last two years to find a solution. In 1996, the Athenæum received a grant from the

Connelly Foundation to create the Guide to Roman Catholic Building Resources at the Athenæum of Philadelphia (Guide)2 (see Appendix C). This project documented 500 buildings, represented in the Athenæum collections by more than 10,000 architectural drawings, photographs, renderings and manuscripts. More importantly, it demonstrated the feasibility of making images, as well as traditional library and archives holdings information, available on the Internet in a searchable format.

The success of the Guide indicated to the Athenæum staff that the next step could be a similar project to document, on the Internet, all of the Athenæum’s collections, as well as the Athenæum’s

Biographical Dictionary of Philadelphia Architects, 1700-1930, G.K. Hall 1985 (See Appendix B), in a similar format. In the Spring of 1998, the Athenæum applied for and received a planning grant from the William Penn Foundation to explore the greater possibilities of such a project, particularly in reference to inter-institutional cooperation and the inclusion of digital images. The William Penn

Foundation planning grant (#11598) enabled representatives of local institutions to meet and discuss common goals and plans and to solicit advice from representatives from the National Digital Library

Federation Program of the Library of Congress, the Research Libraries Group, and the Avery

Architectural and Fine Arts Library at Columbia University. As part of the planning process a model for the “Universe of Philadelphia Architecture” (see Figure 2) emerged. As discussions progressed it became clear that there were three categories of institutions that hold a stake in Philadelphia’s built environment.

2The Guide to Roman Catholic Building Resources can be viewed on the Internet at http://www.libertynet.org/athena/catholic.html. Figure2.UniverseofPhiladelphiaArchitecture

PIT Athenaeum PMA

UPENN

Athenaeum PA LCP PHC UPENN Other

Athenaeum Increasingfocus HSP NPS ofthePABproject PCA SupportedbyPAB HSP

PartiallyaddressedbyPAB UPENN

FFA PHMC EntirelyaddressedbyPAB LCP PHMC FLP Other original architectural documentation AIA secondaryarchitectural documentation

interpretationandpresentation ofarchitecturalmaterials 2.11

Institutional Abbreviations for Figures 2 through 5.

AIA American Institute of Architects, Philadelphia Chapter

FFA Foundation for Architecture

FLP Free Library of Philadelphia

HSP Historical Society of Pennsylvania

LCP Library Company of Philadelphia

NPS National Park Service (Independence)

PA Preservation Alliance

PAT Athenæum of Philadelphia

PCA Philadelphia City Archives

PHC Philadelphia Historical Commission

PHMC Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission

PIT Places in Time Project (sponsored by Library Company, hosted by Bryn Mawr College)

PSP Partners for Sacred Places

UA Urban Archives, Temple University

UPENN University of Pennsylvania Architectural Archives

WIN Winterthur 2.12

The center ring (see Figure 3) represents those institutions that have original architectural documents.3 Two of these institutions, The Athenæum of Philadelphia and the University of

Pennsylvania Architectural Archives (UPAA), hold the largest share of materials. The institution with the next highest percentage of original architectural materials is the Historical Society of

Pennsylvania. After these three, the number of original documents in other institutions drops off dramatically.

N P Other F S LP L CP Figure 3. Athenaeum HSP Institutional Holdings of ORIGINAL Architectural Documents in Philadelphia Region (in public collections) UPENN

The second ring (Figure 4) represents those local institutions that are holders of secondary architectural documents.4 In this category, the dominant institution is the Historical Society of

Pennsylvania; the Athenæum and UPAA join a large number of other organizations—private, governmental and academic—that collect these materials and make them available to the public.

3 For the purposes of the PAB project grant, original architectural documents are defined as those drawings and manuscripts that were created in the design and construction of buildings and structures, as well as the biographical data on the architects who designed them.

4 Secondary documents are defined as those drawings, watercolors, paintings, manuscripts, maps, photographs, and surveys that document structures after their construction. 2.13

W

A

T

I

K N Athenaeum

PHC UPENN

Figure 4.

Institutional Holdings of PCA Secondary Architectural Documentation HSP in the Philadelphia Region

PHMC LCP

N FLP P

Other S

The third ring (Figure 5) represents those institutions that present or interpret architecture to the public. This includes organizations that provide tours, educational programs, exhibitions, and advocacy services. The number of institutions represented in this ring increases significantly, including the Foundation for Architecture, the Preservation Alliance, and the National Park Service.

W

I PIT

N Athenaeum PMA

UPENN

P S PA H LCP P FL

Figure 5.

Philadelphia Region NPS Institutions that Present or Interpret Architecture

O th er FFA PHMC

P P C H A C

AIA 2.14

Recognizing the nature of architectural documentation and interpretation in the Philadelphia

region, the Athenæum and the University of Pennsylvania Architectural Archives have already

assembled representatives of all three rings into an Advisory Committee to review and contribute to

the project.

The most important outcome of the planning grant was the agreement by the Athenæum, the

University of Pennsylvania Architectural Archives, the Philadelphia Historical Commission and the

Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission to cooperate and share data for inclusion in the

PAB project. In addition, the Graduate School of Fine Arts of the University of Pennsylvania has agreed to host and maintain the PAB server, a major contribution that will accommodate the massive database and its 50,000+ images.

Timing

The time has never been better for the implementation of the Philadelphia Architects and

Buildings Project. Over the last two decades, both the Athenæum and the University of Pennsylvania

Architectural Archives have assembled massive collections of original drawings, manuscripts,

photographs and supporting research files. Since 1990 the staffs of both institutions have made major

investments in electronic intellectual control of their respective collections, and in the last five years

both have ventured into the new world of cyberspace in an effort to make their respective collections

available to the widest possible audience. Both institutions are fully prepared to take advantage of

changing technology.

Simultaneously, the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania and the City of Philadelphia have 2.15 developed “the nation’s most sophisticated Geographical Information System (GIS).”5 A GIS links map-based images with data of all kinds, from traffic and crime statistics, to the location of delinquent tax properties and ancient burial mounds. That GIS should be perfected and installed both in the municipal government of the City of Philadelphia and in the Pennsylvania Historical and Museum

Commission in Harrisburg at precisely the time the PAB is ready to be launched is an extraordinary opportunity. This coincidence means that PAB can exploit the authoritative geographical reference system created at the taxpayer’s expense. By 2002, the final year of the projected PAB grant, the records of buildings represented in its database will join and complement the geo-coded records of:

È Philadelphia City Planning Commission

È Philadelphia Department of Records

È Philadelphia Streets Department

È Philadelphia City Planning Commission

È Philadelphia Water Department

È Philadelphia Police Department

È Philadelphia Historical Commission

È Fairmount Park Commission

È Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission

È PennDOT

5 November 1998 Conference “GIS in Our Lives, The Revolution,” Liza Casey, Mayor’s Office of Information Services 2.16

By 2002 many other governmental agencies will have linked to the GIS at both the local and state level. PAB will provide all of these agencies with a rich layer of data on the built environment

that will be accessible by map location and address. To date the GIS installations have been solely for

government use, but PAB will provide a vital public/web-based interface to a tremendous body of information. (For a further description of the GIS see Appendix D.) 2.17 PAB Project Components

PAB Building Information Database

The format of PAB will be based on the successful design of the Guide to Roman Catholic

Building Resources6. The “building cell” will be the basic unit of the data base. This cell will contain all the known vital statistics of a building, such as address, owner(s), architect(s), date(s), contractor(s), historical registration status, and original and secondary documentation.

Unlike the Guide, PAB will feature not only materials in the Athenæum collections, but also in the collections of the University of Pennsylvania Architectural Archives, the Philadelphia Historical

Commission, the Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission, and others, linked authoritatively to Geographic Information System (GIS) mapping data. More than just a sophisticated finding aid,

PAB will be a truly regional, free resource for information on the built environment, linking anyone having Internet access to images, documents and information. PAB will be a truly democratic resource, collated, arranged and presented in a way that will make it an exciting tool for anyone from elementary school children to advanced scholars.

An in-house, data-gathering template will be developed in the initial phases of the PAB project that will ensure uniform reporting, searching and retrieval across the participating institutions. The primary goal of PAB, however, is to provide a free Web interface to the database, which will be developed over the course of the first year and a half of the project. The project data will be stored in Oracle, using a fully relational model similar to the one developed by the Commonwealth and the

Bureau of Historic Preservation (BHP). The final data model specification will be developed jointly

6 The Guide to Roman Catholic Building Resources can be viewed on the Internet at http://www.libertynet.org/athena/catholic.html. 2.18

by the participating institutions to support fully the types of data that will be stored. The project staff

will also work closely with the Commonwealth and the City Planning Commission to ensure that the

data model created for the PAB project is compatible with the GIS system. This will allow both the

PAB project and the GIS system to make full use of the data of both systems.

PAB Digital Image Library

In addition to compiling textual documentation for 40,000 buildings, the project participants

plan to present over 50,000 images related to the documented buildings, with each building being

represented by at least one image. In addition to the representative building images, the project will

scan virtually all pre-1900 original architectural drawings in the Philadelphia area. It is estimated that there are approximately 5000 of these region-wide, nearly 4000 of which are found in the collections of the Athenæum and the University of Pennsylvania Architectural Archives. With the cooperation of our sister institutions, this vital portion of the region’s architectural patrimony will be available on the web by the end of project year four.

The images will be indexed individually (or in closely related groups) using a metadata standard such as the Dublin Core7. Included in the metadata for each image will be institutional copyright statements and access restrictions. Although image retrieval will be an integral part of the main PAB web application, separate access to the image library (primarily through searches of the descriptive metadata) will be provided to allow the images and the PAB textual data to be

7 The Dublin Core is a set of descriptors for electronic resources that are not unlike a catalog card. A standard endorsed by the OCLC, the Dublin Core facilitates accurate resource location and description across the entire Internet. For more information on the Dublin Core, see http://purl.oclc.org/dc/. 2.19 independently useful. Images will be assigned unique identifiers, so they can be linked to the individual records in the database, and so they can be permanently identified. This will facilitate, for example, online exhibitions that contain images from the PAB image library like those developed by the Library of Congress8.

Furthermore, the creation of PAB’s image library will significantly contribute to the long-term conservation of rare and fragile drawings and images throughout the region by eliminating unnecessary handling by browsing picture researchers. The images will be digitized at a very high resolution and archived on Compact Discs; lower resolution images will be presented on the web.

Researchers requiring publication-quality copies of the images can obtain customized Compact Discs with the desired images, rather than having to physically access and reproduce the original drawings.

Because the archival images are only available at the institutions, and not online, copyright protection for the drawings is maintained.

PAB Online Biographical Dictionary of Philadelphia Architects

PAB will take the 1200 individual architectural biographical files from the Biographical

Dictionary project (1985) and make them available on-line. Each of these paper-based files contains four components: biographies, project lists, bibliographies, and holdings information. All of these will be searchable on their own as well as through links to the PAB individual building pages. In mounting the Biographical Dictionary on-line, PAB will turn the original printed version inside out, and make it easily correctable and updateable (See Appendix B). It is expected that in year one of PAB, while

8 The Library of Congress’ online exhibitions are at http://lcweb.loc.gov/exhibits. 2.20

the database model is being developed, the Dictionary will be mounted (with some minor editing) in a linear document form. This will allow PAB users, who have not been able to acquire a copy of the

Dictionary, to receive some immediate benefit. It is estimated that the printed version of the

Dictionary lists 25,000 building citations, of which around 20,000 represent distinct buildings within the five-county area. Of these, perhaps 2500 are multiple listings (i.e. several architects for the same building). Another 2500 are for buildings outside the five-county Southeastern Pennsylvania region.

The original Dictionary included only biographies of individual architects, not histories of architectural firms. PAB will correct this omission by including firm histories including predecessor firm, successor firm, dates of operation and the names of all principals, partners and all known employees. This will enable researchers to quickly and easily perform architectural firm “genealogies” to see which architects had the same training, and where they received their inspiration. PAB will

overcome another limitation of the printed edition; it will be updated to the year 2000. To this end,

the PAB staff will conduct research throughout the Philadelphia region and work closely with the

Philadelphia Chapter of the American Institute of Architects. The Athenæum is fortunate to be able

to have Dr. Sandra L. Tatman return to this project as Principal Investigator and Dr. Roger W. Moss

as Editor-in-Chief to continue the biographical project left off in 1985.

PAB and Geographical Information Systems (GIS)

The Geographical Information System (GIS) currently under construction at both the

Commonwealth of Pennsylvania and the City of Philadelphia will provide authoritative geographic

and address information for hundreds of thousands of sites state-wide. Geographic authority is a tool

that will make the creation of PAB simpler and significantly more useful. Returning to the PSFS 2.21 example used above, a site may have been listed with up to twenty different addresses. Given the increasingly fleeting nature of street names, addressing systems and particularly corporate names9 the only way to ensure that all interested parties are talking about the same site is to code it with a geographical reference that describes its location on the surface of the earth. GIS accomplishes this with user-friendly maps, so that a lay researcher would not have to know the longitude and latitude of a site to find it.10 By employing GIS the Philadelphia Architects and Buildings Project will centralize all of the known building information for a given spot in the Philadelphia area in one, freely-accessible utility. The PAB building pages will have searchable cross references to all known alternate street, town, or building names, and as building and street names change in the future, it can be easily updated.

The “geo-coding” now underway permits the layering of unlimited sets of data over a geographical grid. For example, a customized map for Delaware County could be created using multiple data sets, including zoning restriction, streets and highways, watershed information, traffic patterns, frequency of violent crimes, or the location of tax-delinquent properties. The

Commonwealth has teamed PennDOT and the Department of Environmental Protection with the

Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission (PHMC), Bureau of Historic Preservation (BHP) to incorporate cultural resource “information into a GIS [that] will permit [the Commonwealth] to more easily develop background information for individual projects, including known and predicted

9Already, some younger Philadelphians don’t know what the PSFS letters on the top of the building stand for; and no doubt they will be even more confused when the building reopens as Loews Hotel!

10The National Register of Historic Places currently uses the Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) system for identifying location. 2.22 site locations in the early development of project alternatives, [to] improve the understanding of what is considered historically important.” The Commonwealth has indicated that “the next major priority is to acquire or develop additional databases” to be used as part of the GIS.11 The PAB project will provide precisely the type of database the state is seeking, in that it provides the Commonwealth with access to data that it does not have the resources to develop.

The extent of the cooperative link between the PAB and the city and state GIS projects is shown in the diagram (Figure 6). Minimizing the overlap of data collection efforts as much as possible, the PAB project will link extensively with the GIS, both at the city and state levels, to provide both GIS users and PAB users with access to the full data resources of the PAB project and the State’s cultural resources data. PAB’s website will also provide access to BHP’s digitized images of the Commonwealth’s historic resource survey records.

While the PAB project will focus on the five-county Philadelphia region, the PAB web users will gain instant access to PHMC’s records for the rest of the state through one integrated application. The crux of the integration between the PAB project and the GIS will be the ability for the PAB project server to access the Commonwealth’s database directly over the Internet. The data for the PAB project and the CR/GIS will remain physically separated, residing in their respective servers. The front-end applications—both the in-house staff application for data collection/ administration and the pubic web application for general usage—will have links to the PAB database, the CR/GIS database, the image libraries of PAB, CR/GIS and the Places in Time images. Since there are no copies of the data, users from both sides will always be viewing the most current data

11Pennsylvania Department of Transportation, Final Report, Cultural Resources/GIS Development Work Plan, January 1997 2.23 Figure6.ProjectandRepositoryRelationships

ArchitecturalArchivesoftheUniversityofPennsylvania TheAthenaeumofPhiladelphia PhiladelphiaHistoricalCommission

interface TargetUsers: •Generalpublic PhiladelphiaArchitects •Researchers andBuildingsWebInterface •Academicusers

dataandimages PhiladelphiaArchitects andBuildingsDatabase

•primaryandrepresentative •statehistorical documentationat surveydata •localaddressauthority Philadelphiainstitutions •sitegeographical •sitegeographical coordinatesoutside coordinates Philadelphia Philadelphia PennsylvaniaHistorical GeographicalDatabase CulturalResourcesDatabase dataandmaps data,images, TargetUsers: andmaps •Government •Planners •Researchers

CityofPhiladelphia PHMC/PennDOT GeographicalInfo.System GeographicalInfo.System interface interface

PennsylvaniaHistoricalandMuseumCommission(PHMC) PennsylvaniaDepartmentofTransportation(PennDOT) CityofPhiladelphia 2.24 from the PAB project and the Commonwealth. The full integration of PAB with the Philadelphia and

PHMC repository systems is indicated in Figure 7. Users of each application will not notice that they are actually performing searches and retrieving data from multiple servers, but will be aware of the source (through authoritative citation) of any data displayed. In addition the PAB interface will support links to related information in external sources, such as the Places in Time website, the

American Memory Collection at the Library of Congress and the National Register Historic American

Buildings Survey/Historic American Engineering Record (HABS/HAER). Figure7.DataRepositoryRelationships

PennsylvaniaCR/GIS PABProject PhiladelphiaGIS

CR/GISDatabase BuildingDatabase CityGeographicData

StateGeographicData ArchitectsDatabase

PHMCImageFiles PABImageLibrary

PABwillintegratecloselywiththe Commonwealth’sCR/GISsystemand theCity’sGIS.PABuserswillbeable toseamlesslysearchthedatabasesof theCR/GISandtheCityGIS;usersof PlacesinTimewebsite theCR/GISortheCityGISwilllikewise beabletoseamlesslyutilizePABdata. LibraryofCongress AmericanMemory PABwillalsoprovidelinksto informationinotherdatabases,suchas Linksbetweenintegratedresources NationalRegisterDatabase thoseshowntotheleft.Creatorsof webdatabaseswillalsobeabletolink toinformationinanyofthePAB Linksbetweenexternalresources HABS/HAERDatabase databases. 2.26

Staffing

PAB project work will occur in many institutions over the length of the project. Only the lead

institutions, the Athenæum and the University of Pennsylvania Architectural Archives, will employ

grant-funded staff. The main project office will be at the Athenæum under the leadership of Project

Director, Bruce Laverty, who will oversee all aspects of the project and coordinate its activities at

the Athenæum and other institutions. The staff at the Athenæum will include Dr. Roger W. Moss,

who will serve as Editor-in-Chief of the biographical dictionary on-line and Dr. Sandra L. Tatman,

who will reprise her original role as Principal Investigator for the biographical component. They will

be supported by a full time Research Assistant who will work primarily at the Athenæum, but will

conduct biographical research in other repositories as well.

Because much of the data collection is clerical in nature, a Part Time Data Entry Assistant will

support the principal investigator. Mr. Laverty will be supported by a Full Time Research Assistant to coordinate linkage of Athenæum cataloging records with the PAB project and verify authoritative address information in preparation for GIS entry. This research assistant will also survey local institutions for original architectural materials. An Imaging Technician (part-time) will oversee the

capture and indexing of images both at the Athenæum and UPAA.

The Philadelphia Historical Commission (PHC) records will be entered by a Data Entry

Assistant (part-time) who will work with the PHC’s out-of-date electronic database (11,000 records)

and enter new data (including all Fairmount Park buildings and Historic District Records). All

Commission records entered into PAB will be reviewed by PHC staff.

At the University of Pennsylvania Architectural Archives the project will be conducted under

the supervision of Site Director Julia Moore Converse, who, assisted by Collections Manager William 2.27

Whitaker, will oversee the project. A full time Cataloger will be hired by UPAA to ensure that the architectural records of that collection are arranged and described in a way that is compatible with the Athenæum’s collections and national MARC standards. A part-time Editor, Emily Cooperman, will compile biographical information from UPAA collections, particularly for post-1930 architects to be used by Sandra Tatman in completing the biographical entries. Three Data Entry Assistants, probably graduate students, will be employed to collate data, assist with image capture and support other PAB activities at UPAA. 2.28

Steering Committee (See Appendix E for List of Membership)

The 1998 PAB William Penn Foundation Planning Grant enabled the assembly of a steering committee with local and national expertise to explore the problem of providing architectural data and images over the Internet. The members of the PAB steering committee have agreed to continue their service and to assist the PAB staff in shaping the project and addressing challenges to its progress. The Steering Committee will meet four times during the PAB project, usually in advance of the Advisory Committee (see enclosed Timeline for schedule). Between meetings the Steering

Committee will receive monthly progress reports from the Project Director.

Advisory Committee (See Appendix E for List of Membership)

The PAB Advisory Committee will meet four times during the grant period to review progress and advise PAB staff on matters of policy and procedure. This committee includes a broader representation of organizations and constituencies drawn from the Philadelphia area. It will give important direction to the PAB staff, particularly regarding the public face of the project. Between meetings the Advisory Committee will receive monthly progress reports from the Project Director. 2.29

Equipment, Hosting & Software

This project requires a central server to host the database, the image library, and the web applications. This server will be a multiple Intel processor, running the Windows NT operating

system. Workstations will be placed at the Athenæum, the University of Pennsylvania Architectural

Archives and the Philadelphia Historical Commission. A laptop computer will enable data collection

at other institutions.

Storage requirements for the data and images on the server are estimated to be .25 megabytes

(MB) for each record of building data, and 1.5 MB for each image (including all forms of that image on the web, i.e. thumbnail and medium resolution versions). With an estimated 40,000+ building records and 50,000+ images and metadata records, the required storage will be 85 gigabytes (one

thousand megabytes, GB). To provide a safe margin of space, 150% of 85 gigabytes is the desired

capacity or 127GB.

The project server equipment will be located at the University of Pennsylvania, which has

generously agreed to provide space for the equipment and required utilities such as electricity and a

climate-controlled environment. The University of Pennsylvania will also provide the equipment with

network connectivity, including a high speed connection to the Internet. The database platform for

the PAB project will be Oracle, chosen primarily to facilitate integration with the University of

Pennsylvania and the GIS database. 2.30

PAB and the Athenæum

The PAB is next logical step for the Athenæum to enable an ever-expanding audience to have

accessibility to its collections documenting the region’s built environment. It builds on the foundation of two decades of work that includes the publication of the Biographical Dictionary of Philadelphia

Architects, 1700-1930 (Boston: G.K. Hall, 1985) (See Appendix), the creation of 8,400 Research

Libraries Information Network (RLIN) records documenting 180,000 architectural drawings and

20,000 photographs (1991-1996), and the creation of the Guide to Roman Catholic Building

Resources, the area’s first on-line searchable database of architectural history (1997).12

In the years since the first Dictionary was published, the Athenæum’s architectural collections have increased nearly six fold (to 180,000 drawings). The information on buildings and their architects that can be gleaned from these is enormous. The Athenæum first made its collection accessible through a card catalog, then through 8000 RLIN records, then through its On-Line Public

Access Catalog. These efforts over the last fifteen years make the incorporation of these materials into the PAB database a relatively simple matter of linking the OPAC records to the PAB project cell.

The Athenæum will employ a part-time imaging technician to oversee the capture and indexing of images from the Athenæum, University of Pennsylvania and other collections. Images that may be accommodated on a flatbed scanner (11 x 17 or smaller) will be scanned in-house, or when available, slides or transparencies will be scanned. For larger items (which include most original architectural drawings), 35 mm slides will be taken and transferred directly to Kodak Photo CD,

12 In December 1998, the Athenæum imported all its RLIN records to an Internet- accessible Online Public Access Catalog (OPAC) service by Auto-graphics. The Athenæum’s OPAC can be viewed at http://www.libertynet.org/athena/internal/. 2.31 which will double as archival copies.13

PAB and the University of Pennsylvania Architectural Archives

The University of Pennsylvania Architectural Archives was the first Philadelphia institution to explore the possibilities of using digitized images of architectural documents in its ground- breaking, 1994 exhibition, Graced Places: The Architecture of Wilson Eyre, 1858-1944.14. With a collection of 312,000 drawings, representing the work of 300 architects and firms, UPAA is a natural partner in any region-wide project. The collections of University of Pennsylvania Architectural

Archives are central to the architectural history of the Philadelphia region. PAB will make UPAA collections available for the first time to a broad, non-academic, lay public. For the most part, the

UPAA collections have been inventoried at the project level only, with a minimum of description of individual sheets. The PAB project will enable the UPAA to catalog its architectural collections in a machine readable format that is compatible with the 8,400 Athenæum and 7,000 Avery

Architectural Library Records that have already been entered into the Visual Materials section of the

RLIN network15. As cataloging takes place, appropriate linking data will be downloaded into the PAB

13 Over the last two years Athenæum staff have investigated the use of a digital camera for capturing images of large format items, but the quality of large-format captures is still unacceptable, particularly compared to the relatively inexpensive slide-to-CD process outlined above and successfully demonstrated in the Guide to Roman Catholic Buildings project. Should the technology of digital photography improve, and its relative expense drop significantly during the life of the PAB project, the staff will pursue the purchase and use of a digital camera.

14 Graced Places can be viewed at http://www.upenn.edu/GSFA/Eyre/Eyreintro.html

15 With a combined total of more than 15,000 records the Avery Architectural Library and the Athenæum of Philadelphia have by far the largest share of RLIN documentation for architectural materials. Avery led the way in developing a format for the electronic cataloging of architectural drawings and, in fact, much of the cataloging at both institutions was done by the 2.32 database.

The Imaging Technician will work with the staff of the UPAA to develop a schedule for image capture. The UPAA staff will also assist the PAB research team in completing biographical sketches for those architects represented in Penn collections. The PAB project provides the first of what we hope will be many opportunities for Philadelphia’s two most important repositories of original architectural materials to cooperate. In doing so, we will be establishing an authoritative building history resource that can serve as a nation-wide model.

PAB and the Philadelphia Historical Commission

The PAB project will incorporate the records of the Philadelphia Historical Commission into its database. These records include files for more than 11,000 properties designated on the City’s list of historic buildings. Properties designated prior to 1986 exist in an old, but electronic dBASE file, currently being served on the Places in Time website16. These files will be downloaded by the PAB staff and reviewed for accuracy by the Philadelphia Historical Commission staff, whose time is being contributed to the project. For properties and districts designated since 1986, no electronic database is available. These manual files, numbering approximately 1600, will be entered for the first time.

Also included in the post-1986 designations are approximately 100 sites in Fairmount Park.

A PAB staff Data Entry Assistant will work closely with the Commission staff to ensure accuracy and maintain a uniform and on-going data entry process. After the project, PHC staff will same person, working on different grant-funded projects. Adding the UPAA collection to this effort will enhance the research value of all three collections.

16Places in Time can be viewed on the Internet at http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Cities/iconog/frdr.html 2.33 easily be able to update the estimated 100 new building that are added to the files annually.

PAB will allow the general public for the first time to access electronically the entire list of historic structures, and to determine, via the Internet, which sites are on the City’s list and whether a person’s home is within an existing historic district. This information, combined with data on the availability of both original and secondary architectural documentation will be an important public service. Conversely, it will provide the City of Philadelphia and the staff of the Historical Commission instant access to the architectural data required in performing reviews of nominated and threatened properties.

PAB and the Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission

The Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission (PHMC) expressed strong interest in the PAB project early on, particularly because its timeliness with reference to the state’s Cultural

Resources/Geographic Information System (CR/GIS) program (See Appendix D). Like the City of

Philadelphia, the Commonwealth’s inventory of historic buildings exists on an antiquated mainframe system. As the CR/GIS program expands, the Commonwealth hopes to include not only its database, but actual digital scans of the historic survey sheets, including photos. At present, PHMC is focusing the CR/GIS effort on rural counties in the Central and Southwestern portions of Pennsylvania, but by year four of the PAB project, expects to have all 67 counties completed. It is the goal of PHMC’s

Bureau of Historic Preservation to perform all Cultural Resources/Historic applications and reviews on line. The state’s old database for Philadelphia, Chester, Montgomery, Bucks and Delaware

Counties (approximately 20,000 records) has already been transferred to the Athenæum staff for inclusion in the PAB project. For Philadelphia County, the PHMC records will closely parallel the 2.34

PHC files. For the surrounding counties, these records will provide an excellent foundation for the

PAB database, and will make them publicly accessible even as the Commonwealth’s own digitizing project continues. PAB will also provide instant access to PHMC records of historic structures, eliminating the need for Philadelphia-area researchers to make a four-hour round trip drive to

Harrisburg to consult the Commission’s files. The PAB and PHMC databases will be linked, but each will be updated and corrected independently by their respective staffs. (The relationship of PAB,

PHMC and the City of Philadelphia GIS is demonstrated in Figure 6.) This independence ensures that data available on both sides is up to date. The cooperation of the PHMC not only transforms the PAB project from a “Philadelphia only” project to a truly regional resource, but anticipates PAB’s potential to go state-wide, or beyond, as funding becomes available. PAB will be a significant resource to the staff of the PHMC and other state agencies that will use its data to assist in cultural resource assessment and management.

PAB and the Places in Time Project

The participants of the PAB project have fully supported the creation of the Places in Time

(PIT) website17 under the direction of Dr. Jeffrey A. Cohen of Bryn Mawr College. PAB will link to

PIT data, particularly the images. The PAB is intended neither to duplicate nor supplant the PIT, but to complement, link to, and grow with it. Since the primary focus of PAB is original documents of architecture and the main focus of PIT is secondary documents of architecture and place, the two projects are complementary. Dr. Cohen has agreed to serve on the PAB Steering Committee.

17Places in Time can be viewed on the Internet at http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Cities/iconog/frdr.html 2.35

PAB and Other Organizations in the Philadelphia Area

While the primary participants in the PAB project are the Athenæum, the University of

Pennsylvania Architectural Archives, the Philadelphia Historical Commission and the Pennsylvania

Historical and Museum Commission, multiple local institutions will be involved as well. Local institutions will be surveyed by the PAB staff to locate original architectural documents within their collections. The most important of these—in terms of number of items—is the Historical Society of

Pennsylvania, but others, such as the Library Company of Philadelphia, the Free Library of

Philadelphia, Temple University Urban Archives, Winterthur, Atwater Kent Museum, the Philadelphia

City Archives, and Independence National Historical Park Archives will also be surveyed.

Representatives of all of these institutions have agreed to serve as members of the PAB Advisory

Committee (see Appendix E). The PAB staff will make arrangements with these institutions to enter their original materials into the database and whenever possible, to digitize appropriate images of same. Making architectural documents available to the public is not a primary goal of most local repositories. PAB will shoulder that responsibility electronically, in more than a dozen repositories, where making original architectural materials accessible has, because of their subject, been given a low cataloging or digitizing priority. The PAB will also become an authoritative architectural and building history resource for a variety of organizations. For example, the Foundation for Architecture and the Preservation Alliance of Greater Philadelphia are local organizations that will benefit from the substantial data that will support their advocacy and educational programs. Because of the public service nature of both organizations, their contribution in the development and review phases of the

PAB database and web-interface will be critical. Both organizations are represented on the PAB

Advisory Committee. 2.36

PAB staff will work closely with the Philadelphia Chapter, American Institute of Architects, to collect biographical information on post-1930 architects and to develop outreach to AIA membership, encouraging use of the new resource. As the time line included in this application indicates, the National AIA Convention is being held in Philadelphia in May, 2000. It is the intention of PAB staff to demonstrate a test-bed PAB website in visitor-friendly kiosks at the Athenæum, the

University of Pennsylvania Architectural Archives and on the exhibition floor of the Convention itself.

These kiosks will provide an opportunity for valuable feed-back, and they will be a perfect occasion to demonstrate the utility of the project to a nationwide audience.

PAB and the Future

At the conclusion of the project for which funding is sought by this application, the critical question must be “What happens in the future?” Unlike the original Biographical Dictionary, PAB will not be a hard copy product but a collection of electronic magnetic impulses and flickering CRT images in a fluid, imminently updateable resource. And though the long-term preservation of a book like the Biographical Dictionary is simple, the maintenance of the electronic database requires much greater vigilance.

Four strategies have been developed for the future of the PAB project:

È Maintenance:

The project would enter a "maintenance" state, in which the project data would be protected

and accessible, but in which major additions would not be possible without additional funding.

Currently participating organizations could continue to update information already in the 2.37

database, and the public would still enjoy free access to the project databases. Support for

server problems and software glitches has been taken into account, as well as replacement of

the server when necessary through an average yearly maintenance cost. If outside funding

for the continuance of the project is not available after year four, the Athenæum and the

University of Pennsylvania have committed to fund the project at this maintenance level in

perpetuity.

È Active:

Under this strategy, the project would remain active, with data continuing to be added and

updated by the currently participating institutions as their respective collections grow. As in

the maintenance level, public access would continue to be free. Some additional outside

funding would be required to underwrite the staff and support requirements.

È Local Expansion:

This strategy contemplates the expansion of the project to additional organizations (both in

the Philadelphia region and state-wide) that would add their collections to the project

databases. PAB will have already created the mechanism for collecting and presenting

building and architect information. At the local expansion level, additional outside funding will

be required to scale the project to a higher level. This would include increased server

capacity, data entry staff, and collection surveys. 2.38

È National Expansion:

In addition to expanding on a local level, the PAB project anticipates serving as a national

model, incorporating into its Steering Committee representatives of national stakeholders in

this field, including the Library of Congress, the Historic American Buildings Survey, the

Research Libraries Group, and the Avery Architectural and Fine Arts Library of Columbia

University. The process and experience gained through the PAB project in the areas of data

collection, imaging, integration with local and regional resources, and effective presentation

of this data on the Internet, can be used to facilitate the development of national standards for

similar projects. Appendix A

Institutional Backgrounds

A. Athenæum of Philadelphia 219 South 6thStreet Philadelphia, PA 19106 215-925-2688

The Athenæum of Philadelphia is a not-for-profit, member-supported library and historic site museum with research collections founded in 1814 to collect materials “connected with the history and antiquities of America, and the useful arts, and generally to disseminate useful knowledge.” The

Athenæum is sustained by 1,375 members whose annual support, supplemented by income from a carefully managed endowment, provides a balanced annual operating budget typically in the range of $750,000. [See annual report and audited financial statement enclosed with this application.]

The Athenæum’s nationally significant collections attract thousands of readers every year: private owners of historic buildings, students and senior scholars, architects, interior designers, and historic site museum curators. During fiscal years 1997 and 1998 the staff fielded 37,000 calls for service while the architecture department assisted 4000 on-site readers, and more than 20,000 individuals have visited our Web-site since its mounting in 1996.

The research library is open for use without charge, and membership is not required to gain access. The Athenæum receives no public funding, but it provides the Philadelphia region with a resource of first resort on matters of architecture and interior design history, particularly for the period 1800 to 1945. As the leading reference source and architectural record repository in the region, the Athenæum has accepted responsibility for the architectural records of several dozen local institutions, ranging from the Academy of Natural Sciences to the Zoo, thus concentrating these A.2

fragile resources in a single location for the benefit of researchers.

The handsomely restored National Historic Landmark building (John Notman, 1845) near

Independence Hall is operated as an historic site museum furnished with American fine and decorative arts from the first half of the 19th century; it is open to be toured by the public without charge. In the mid-1970s the building was expanded and mechanically updated (wiring, HVAC, security and fire protection systems, fire stair, and elevator) and in the early 1990s $2.5 million was expended on structural renovations that included a new roof.

The Athenæum also offers diverse programs of public education and community outreach.

It sponsors lectures and chamber music concerts in its splendid reading rooms; changing exhibitions are mounted in the Dorothy W. and F. Otto Haas Gallery which provides modern museum-standard

HVAC, lighting, and security systems. The Athenæum publishes books that reflect the institution’s collecting interests; and it administers several trusts that provide awards and research grants to recognize literary achievement in Philadelphia and to encourage outstanding scholarship in architectural history throughout the United States.

Commitment to the Built Environment: For more than 200 years Philadelphia has been

a notable center of architecture. From the colonial master builders Robert Smith and Samuel Rhoads,

through William Strickland, Thomas Ustick Walter, Samuel Sloan, Frank Furness, and T. P.

Chandler, Jr., in the 19th century, to Horace Trumbauer, Paul P. Cret, Louis I. Kahn and Robert

Venturi in this century, Philadelphia architects and builders have been acknowledged leaders in their

profession. Their buildings, and the force of their educational institutions, societies, and writings,

have influenced the course of American architecture and bequeathed to the Delaware Valley an

unrivaled legacy of surviving structures. These, in turn, have made Philadelphia a leading center in A.3

historic preservation. The first successful effort in America to save an historic building occurred in

Philadelphia; credit for the first conscious effort to restore a building to its original appearance

belongs to Philadelphia; and Philadelphia proudly can claim the first city-wide historic preservation

ordinance in the United States. In addition, the establishment of Independence National Historical

Park resulted in the training of several generations of preservationists, and the Historic Preservation

Program at the University of Pennsylvania is widely acknowledged as the finest in the nation.

The Athenæum focuses its public programing on the history of American architecture and

building technology, a topic with roots that reach deeply into the institution’s long history as a

collecting and membership organization. Many early architects were members of the Athenæum

(William Strickland joined in 1820) and the library acquired contemporary architectural and

engineering books as part of its founders’ commitment to “the useful arts.”

The Architectural Library of Philadelphia: In the 1870s the new Philadelphia Chapter of

the American Institute of Architects established offices at the Athenæum. The AIA announced,

“Being impressed with the importance of providing an Architectural Library and Reading Room, for

the use of all persons connected with architecture and the cognate arts,” they had “founded such an

establishment on the third story of the Athenæum building in this city to be denominated the

‘Architectural Library of Philadelphia.’”

Unfortunately it cannot be said that the AIA and the Athenæum continued from that point to collect, and the 19th-century concept of an architectural library eventually languished. The

Philadelphia Chapter of the AIA no long maintains a library, and its own archives are permanently

deposited in the care of the Athenæum. Yet the seed had been planted.

The Decision to Specialize: In Philadelphia, as elsewhere, special collections libraries are A.4

responding to the challenge of increasing costs and declining governmental support through

specialization. By the mid-1970s it had become clear to the Board and Staff that the Athenæum could not compete without a clear, focused vision for the future. After a long planning process, the

Athenæum’s staff, collection, and building were quietly reorganized to place greater stress on architecture and design. Henceforth the Athenæum would identify, acquire, and preserve architectural records to make them accessible to the public for research, publication, and exhibition.

The object would be “to heighten public awareness of the heritage of our built environment--not only to encourage historic preservation and good contemporary architecture, but to foster knowledge and appreciation of the creative process that is often best revealed in the architect’s correspondence, sketches, and drawings.”

The success of this vision exceeded the most optimistic projections. Collections poured into the Athenæum. From barns, basements, garages, attics; from under beds and off library walls; from the tops of closets and dark recesses of sideboards and bookcases came drawings, ledgers, job files, photographs--the sometime beautiful, often fragmentary, always fascinating bits that helped to document lost careers and forgotten commissions. Most unexpectedly, new sources of private and foundation funding became available to purchase key Delaware Valley collections, permitting the library to acquire, for example, the original drawings for the United States Capitol from descendants of Philadelphian Thomas U. Walter, and the entire archive of Philadelphia’s leading Beaux-Arts architect, Paul P. Cret. In addition, an aggressive program to initiate long-term loans, underwritten by The Pew Charitable Trusts, permitted the Athenæum to accept responsibility for large architectural drawing collections from institutions such as The Historical Society of Pennsylvania, The

Pennsylvania Hospital, and The Radnor Historical Society. These arrangements relieved the owning A.5 institutions of specialized treatment and storage costs and helped to concentrate the region’s architectural records in a central location. [It should be mentioned that the Athenæum has raised and expended in excess of $500,000 on drawing conservation in the past decade, including most recently a successful campaign to treat several hundred 19th-century watercolors which was funded by The

William Penn Foundation as part of its 1995 conservation initiative.] A.6

B. The Architectural Archives of the University of Pennsylvania Graduate School of Fine Arts 102 Meyerson Hall Philadelphia, PA 19104-6311 215-898-8323

The mission of Penn’s Architectural Archives is to collect, preserve, exhibit, and make accessible significant records of design to as broad an audience as possible. Penn’s Architectural

Archives directly supports the education of architects, landscape architects, and other professionals engaged in the planning and design of our physical environment, and to further the development of knowledge in these fields. In this sense the Architectural Archives differs from most other collections typically held by museums and libraries. The Architectural Archives is dedicated not only to the preservation of important drawings and other design records but also to their active use as tools for learning about how and why decisions are made in the design professions. This mission is reflected in the origins of the collections, in their evolution over the past century, and in their use today for teaching and research.

Founded in Philadelphia in 1740 by Benjamin Franklin, the University of Pennsylvania is a private university with a student population of over 18,000 and a 260-acre campus in urban West

Philadelphia. Penn’s Graduate School of Fine Arts (GSFA) includes programs in architecture, landscape architecture, historic preservation, city and regional planning, urban design, and fine arts.

The Architectural Archives mirrors the educational interest of its “parent,” Penn’s GSFA, in that the

Archives includes not only architectural drawings, models, and records, but also significant collections relating to the theory and practice of landscape architecture, planning, and historic preservation.

The history of the Architectural Archives is clearly linked to the history of the GSFA.

Founded in 1890, the architecture department at Penn is one of the oldest in the country. In 1903, A.7 the young architect Paul Philippe Cret (1876-1945) from Lyon, a recent graduate of the Ecole des

Beaux-Arts in Paris, was invited to become Penn’s Professor of Architectural Design. Cret designed

Penn’s rigorous curriculum following the Beaux-Arts system of education and built one of this country’s leading architecture programs whose excellence kept it at the forefront of architectural education for several decades. After Cret’s death, his original drawings were a gift to Penn from John

F. Harbeson (1888-1986), a former student and partner of Cret. Cret’s archive consists of over one thousand five hundred drawings ranging from his student work at the Ecole des Beaux- Arts in Paris and Lyon, to records of commissions from his professional practice in the United States which included such civic and cultural buildings as the Pan American Union Building (1910) in Washington,

DC, the Barnes Foundation (1923) in Merion, PA, and Washington’s Folger Shakespeare Library

(1929), to records of a broad range of design work.

It was G. Holmes Perkins (b. 1904), Dean of the GSFA from 1951 to 1971, who founded the

Architectural Archives as it is today. Perkins, a Harvard graduate who had returned to his alma mater to teach architecture with Joseph Hudnut (1884-1968) and Walter Gropius (1883-1969) and who, as the Norton Professor, chaired Harvard’s Regional Planning Department, was brought to

Philadelphia by Penn President Harold Stassen (b. 1907) to take the helm at the School of Fine Arts.

Perkins greatly broadened the School’s view of design, creating a new curriculum centered on a shared program for architects, landscape architects, and planners. Interdisciplinary classes and studios emphasized the relationship among architecture, landscape architecture, urban design, city planning, and fine arts. The School grew to prominence through its outstanding faculty, becoming internationally recognized as the center of innovative architectural thought, and informally called “The

Philadelphia School.” A.8

While serving as Dean of the GSFA, Perkins chaired the Philadelphia City Planning

Commission, creating strong ties to the city while taking a leadership position in the shaping of modern Philadelphia. Perkins also founded and chaired Penn’s Ph.D. program in Architecture and for thirty years offered his popular graduate courses on the history of cities. To support his seminars on the evolution of London and Paris, Perkins purchased old maps and books on cities, fortifications, gardens, and landscape design. He also acquired major architectural drawings. These acquisitions were made during his many trips abroad with his wife Georgia, at auctions both in this country and in Europe, and from a number of favorite dealers and bookstores in New York and Philadelphia.

The outstanding rare book collection that Perkins accumulated over the past forty-five years is now housed in the Perkins Rare Book Library, and the drawings he collected form the core of the

Architectural Archives. These collections have an organic relationship with the School. Although their original primary function was to serve as didactic tools, the collections have grown and found other applications, evolving into a history of the teaching of design at Penn, a record of the work of a number of Penn’s most eminent alumni and faculty, a chronicle of the design of the University’s buildings and its urban campus, and more.

The Architectural Archives, founded by Perkins in 1978, is housed in the lower level of Penn’s historic Furness Building, designed in 1890 by Philadelphia architect Frank Furness (1839-1912) as the main library of the University of Pennsylvania. A National Historic Landmark, the building was restored to critical acclaim in 1991 by the firm of Venturi, Scott Brown and Associates. In addition to the Architectural Archives, the Furness Building now houses the Fisher Fine Arts Library, the

Perkins Architectural Rare Book Library, the Arthur Ross Gallery, and a number of studios, classrooms and seminar rooms. A.9

This library originally held a small collection of original drawings which were housed in open drawers, later transferred to the Architectural Archives. One of these collections comprised the

drawings by Philadelphia architect Wilson Eyre (1858-1944). Although his masterpiece is the

Museum of the University of Pennsylvania (1895-1924), designed to accommodate Penn’s vast

archaeological and enthnographic collections, Eyre made his reputation chiefly through his suburban houses and country estates. A committed Anglophile, Eyre sought to educate his American patrons about the virtues of British style country life. With fellow Philadelphian Frank Miles Day (1861-

1918), he founded the magazine House and Garden in 1901. After Eyre’s death, his sister Louisa distributed her brother’s widely exhibited drawings to institutions in the cities where he had designed buildings, including the Avery Library at Columbia University, Princeton University, and the Detroit

Institute of Art. The University of Pennsylvania, where Eyre had briefly taught, received the most generous bequest totalling nearly 800 drawings. This wonderful collection was shown in an 1994 exhibit curated by Dr. Jeffrey A. Cohen at Penn’s Arthur Ross Gallery. Cohen initiated the first use of multimedia in an architectural exhibition.

In 1932, the University of Pennsylvania received the magnificent bequest of the 162-acre

Chestnut Hill estate of John and Lydia Morris. This Quaker brother and sister had founded their estate, “Compton,” in 1887 with the intention that it would one day become a center for botanical teaching. The Morris Arboretum of the University of Pennsylvania, which is also the official arboretum of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, is an internationally renowned interdisciplinary center that integrates art, science and the humanities.

In 1993, the Architectural Archives received the original documentation for the Compton estate on permanent loan from the Morris Arboretum. Included was a fascinating journal from 1867 A.10 which contains notes and drawings by John T. Morris for the design of the Morris house and outbuildings on 160 acres of land with a pond. Although the architect of record of the Compton mansion was Theophilus Parsons Chandler (1845-1928), John T. Morris was trained as an engineer and participated actively in the design of his and his sister’s home, providing Chandler with a floor plan and other suggestions. The Architectural Archives provides supervised access to the Morris

Arboretum Collection for researchers, students, and contractors working on Arboretum properties.

Among the Archives’ collections consulted with growing frequency are the rendered plans from the Cambridge office of John Nolen (1869-1937), pioneering planner and landscape architect.

A graduate of Philadelphia’s Girard College with an M.L.A. in 1905 from Harvard, Nolen designed towns, parks, waterfronts, and campuses all over the country. His contributions to town planning have been rediscovered as sources for many of the new communities such as Seaside, Florida, designed by Andres Duany and Elizabeth Plater-Zyberk. The current interest in the New Urbanism has resulted in his plans being referenced frequently for planning and landscape design studios.

Also included in the Architectural Archives are works that range from 18th century French,

British, and Italian drawings to our most recent acquisitions of contemporary work. However, perhaps the most celebrated collection in the Archives is the Louis I. Kahn Collection, the vast archive of the work of the American master Louis I. Kahn (1901-1974). The Commonwealth of

Pennsylvania purchased the contents of Kahn’s office from his estate shortly after his death in 1974, beginning a twenty-year partnership with the University of Pennsylvania. In what seems today an unlikely scenario, state government (through the efforts of many dedicated Kahn supporters who lobbied vigorously) successfully intervened to prevent the imminent dispersal of Kahn’s drawings and papers. However, the Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission was not prepared to house, A.11

support, or maintain the collection. An agreement was reached with the University of Pennsylvania,

Kahn’s alma mater and where he taught for seventeen years, to take this collection on permanent loan in 1978. A pragmatic solution at the time, this relationship evolved into a successful collaboration.

The Kahn Collection became the anchor for Penn’s new Architectural Archives, and subsequently served as a magnet to attract other significant architectural collections.

Although part of Penn’s GSFA, the Architectural Archives is open to the public and serves a wide range of users, including students, scholars, architects, landscape architects, designers, historians, and preservationists. Exhibitions are held in our Kroiz Gallery, as well as in other venues within the University and in the United States and abroad. We are dedicated to the electronic dissemination of information on our collections and have an extensive web site under construction.

(www.upenn.edu/gsfa/archives)

Graduate courses are held in the Archives’ seminar room, and the resulting interaction between faculty and students with collection materials has been extremely important to the organization of exhibitions and publications. The Archives benefits from supervised research in our collections, and the participating students are enriched by the experience of being part of the process through their own coursework.

In the final analysis, it is the educational mission of Penn’s Architectural Archives which gives the Archives its day-to-day vitality and its increasingly important place within the University and in the design professions. The Archives provides a fertile field for teaching and for graduate research and scholarship. At the same time, these activities serve to attract important new collections from donors who seek not only preservation of their archives, but also a new life for their collections as research and exhibition materials. A.12

As the Architectural Archives enters the 21st century, the challenges and opportunities are many. Among them is an increasingly competitive marketplace which makes the acquisition of important design records far more difficult. In addition, while repositories must continue to conduct their traditional activities related to collection management, they must at the same time keep pace with the new computer technologies used in the design professions. These technologies have transformed not only the way designers work, but also what design records are generated.

Traditional methods of collection, exhibition, storage, and preservation may no longer apply to these new media.

However, emerging technologies will also offer solutions. Among the many opportunities facing repositories in the 21st century is the use of new technologies to strengthen the value of existing collections for those engaged in the planning and design of our physical environment.

Multimedia technology, now taught as part of the multidisciplinary curriculum of the GSFA, is an integral part of the future of the design professions. Penn’s Architectural Archives is committed to collaborative efforts with the GSFA’s computing center to maximize the potential of these new technologies in their application to the archival collections and to further the active use of the

Architectural Archives for research and teaching. A.13

C. Philadelphia Historical Commission 1515 Arch Street, 13th Floor Philadelphia, PA 19102 215-683-4590

Since its creation in 1955, the Philadelphia Historical Commission has sought to identify, designate and preserve the cultural resources that embody the city’s three-hundred year history and distinguish it from every other city. In its Historic Preservation Ordinance the City of Philadelphia is described as possessing “unparalleled historic resources that foster the health, prosperity and welfare of its people and warrant preservation as a matter of public policy.” It is through their continued preservation and use that the City is enriched by the presence of historic architecture.

Toward that goal, the Historical Commission offers several services to the general public as well as to state, federal, and other city agencies. All services are free of charge.

Library and Research Facility

Anyone curious about Philadelphia and its architecture may use materials from the

Commission’s library or from the thousand of building files that fill over forty filing cabinets.

Resources include books, historic and current photos, property transactions, fire insurance surveys and other materials related to historic buildings and Philadelphia history.

Designation of buildings, structures, sites, objects and districts as historic

The Philadelphia Historical Commission designates buildings, sites, structures, objects and districts as historic at the National, state and local levels, and lists them on the Philadelphia Register of Historic Places. For this, it employs criteria and procedures adopted from the National Register of Historic Places, although no minimum age requirement exists. The Commission also nominates resources to the National Register. A.14

Technical Assistance

The Commission staff provides assistance to developers, owners, architects, contractors and public and semipublic agencies on the preservation and conservation of historic resources. The staff can help with everything from appropriate window design to the preservation of deteriorating historic materials such as masonry, metals and wood. The Commission also offers guidance about state and federal historic preservation laws and federal tax initiatives.

Review of Building Permits

As part of the building permit issuance process, the Department of Licenses and Inspections refers all permit applications for properties listed on the Philadelphia Register of Historic Places to the Historical Commission. The Commission regulates only the exterior appearance of a building, including reroofing, masonry cleaning, pointing and the painting of exterior masonry. The staff immediately approves permit applications for interior work that does not affect the exterior of a building. The others must go through a slightly longer review by the Historical Commission and its Architectural Committee. Consultation with the staff often results in a mutually satisfactory solution and design. If an applicant disagrees with the Commission’s decision, that person may pursue an administrative appeal through the Board of Licenses and Inspections Review.

The Commission works only with existing conditions and reviews only the scope of work that an owner chooses to undertake. However, in the event of demolition by neglect, the Commission may ask the Department of Licenses and Inspections to inspect a property and to order the owner to repair—not restore—the building. Licenses and Inspections has the same authority over all buildings in the City under other provisions of the Philadelphia Code. A.15

Section 106 Review

Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966 requires that the Advisory

Council for Historic Preservation review all Federal, federally licensed, and federally funded projects for impact on resources on or eligible for the National Register of Historic Places. Since the

Pennsylvania Historic Preservation Office recognizes the City of Philadelphia as a “Certified Local

Government.’ the city has the ability, through memorandums of agreement, to expedite many Section

106 reviews. Currently, memorandums of agreement exist with the Office of Housing and

Community Development and the Philadelphia Housing Authority, and involve agreements between the state, the city, HUD, and the Advisory Council for Historic Preservation. Appendix B

The Biographical Dictionary of Philadelphia Architects

It is one thing to identify and acquire drawings, photographs, and manuscripts, quite another

to service them and the readers they attract. The Athenæum first began to build a name authority file

and to assemble biographical and professional information for regional architects. Because published

sources were found to identify only a fraction of those architects who worked in Philadelphia, the

Athenæum applied to the National Endowment for the Humanities in 1981 to fund the Biographical

Dictionary of Philadelphia Architects, 1700-1930 which was published by G.K. Hall in 1985.

For its time the Biographical Dictionary was a remarkable achievement: nine hundred pages

of biographical essays on 1250 architects and builders, including lists of their projects and the

locations of known records. Writing in the Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians,

Professor Franklin Toker, University of Pittsburgh, said the book would “inspire a new level of sophistication in exploiting research tools for local and regional architectural history in the United

States.” The Dictionary, he continued, “is a treasure trove for the architectural history of

Philadelphia, New Jersey, Maryland, and Delaware and a major help for research elsewhere in the country.”

But the Athenæum had broader goals than helping academics pin down the date for a building, useful as that might be. Fortunately the JSAH reviewer recognized the broader possibilities. “The

heroes of [the Dictionary] turn out not to be the national stars of the profession but the sturdy foot soldiers: the architects of modest reputation whose restaurants, apartment houses, and churches makeup the overall fabric of Philadelphia’s streetscapes. Here certain patterns of information emerge that go beyond particular buildings to the wider city. We find William Hoffman and Paul Henon B.2 building about 50 movie theaters in the 1920s and 1930s, while other architects specialized in row houses, American legion halls, or gas stations. Even certain patterns of patronage become evident, such as the dozens of houses in different areas of Philadelphia that one Andrew D. Cash ordered from

Thomas Walter from the 1830s to the 1850s.”

The Athenæum had shed light on the heretofore anonymous history of the built environment of the Delaware Valley. The Dictionary offered a key to unlock a wide range of patterns and interrelationships.

But inherent in the Dictionary format were frustrating limitations, not the least of which was the linear arrangement by architect without an index by building, client, building type or location.

Franklin Toker, in his JSAH review, raged at the lack of an index (not permitted by the publishers because it would have required another 900 page volume). “If ever a case could be made for replacing books with data bases,” he sighed, “this is it.” With the help of The William Penn

Foundation, Dr. Toker may be about to get his wish — much more besides. B.3

Limitations of The Biographical Dictionary:

Let’s look at the limitations of the Dictionary.

É Like all reference books published in severely limited editions, access has been largely

restricted to large academic libraries. [Three hundred copies were printed and sold at

$100 each.]

É Because of space limitations, the printed Dictionary omitted hundreds of pre-1930 architects

and builders who were deemed of lesser significance, even though the information on their

careers had been compiled and exists at the Athenæum in the form of research notes.

É All job lists for architects whose careers extended past 1930 were truncated at that

date, even when job lists for the entire career existed at the Athenæum.

É All architects working primarily after 1930 were omitted entirely.

É All bibliographic citations for attributions of buildings to particular architects or builders were

omitted to conserve space.

É There is no index by patron/owner, contractor, or location, making it virtually impossible to

locate a particular structure if the name of the architect is unknown.

É Because the 160,000 original drawings in the Athenæum collection were unprocessed

at the time the Dictionary was compiled, literally thousands of structures for which the

original drawings survive were not listed under their architects’ job lists.

É Finally, like all hard-copy publications, errors and omissions could not be corrected. After

a decade, the Athenæum’s staff has a long list of corrections and additions supplied by readers

across the country. Biographical Dictionary of Philadelphia Architects: 1700-1930

Sandra L . Tatman Roger W. Moss The Athenaeum Philadelphia

G.K. HALL & CO., 70 LINCOLN STREET, BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS 1985 394 Biographical Dictionary of Philadelphia Architects Cret firm with their own, named Harbeson, Hough, Livingston & Larson, which later became (and remains) H2L2. Hough became a member of the AIA in 1920 and received fellowship status in 1938. He was also active in both the Philadelphia Chapter of the AIA and in the T-Square Club. He worked with the American Red Cross in Italy in 1917 and, in recognition of his service, received the Bronze Medal of Merit from the Italian Red Cross in 1919. In addition, Hough served on the Ambler Borough Council and as a school director for Ambler. LIST OF PROJECTS: See Cret, Paul P., for projects designed in that firm prior to 1931. Attributed to Hough's design in George Koyl's American Architects' Directory (1962) are: the Henry Ave. Bridge, Phila.; Calvert St. Bridge, Wash., D.C.; Klingle Ave. Bridge, Wash., D.C.; Walt Whitman Bridge, Phila. to Camden, NJ; Carnivora Hse., Phila. Zoo; Univ. of Texas Bldgs., including the Men's and Women's Dormitories and the Union Bldg.; Naval Hosp., Beaufort, SC: Cabarrus Co. Hosp., Concord, NC. LOCATION OF DRAWINGS AND PAPERS: AIA Archives; H2L2, Arch'ts. & Planners, 7th & Market sts., Phila.; UPA Archives; UPA Architectural Archives. SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY: Bk. of the Schl., p.168; Koyl, p.328; McMichael, Carol, Paul Cret at Texas. Austin: Univ. of Texas, 1983, p.126-127. st HOUSEKEEPER, HARVEY M. (1907 - 1911). Architect and builder, Harvey M. Housekeeper is listed in the Philadelphia city directories for the years 1908 to 1911. For none of those listings is he given an office address, but his residential address remains 6047 Haverford Avenue throughout. LIST OF PROJECTS: 1908 Christian Italian congregation, ch., Westmoreland & Simpson sts., Phila. st HOW, JOHN (d. 1830). John How was a master builder elected to The Carpenters' Company in 1800. SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY: MCCCCP; Moss, Master Builders: Roach. rm HOWE, GEORGE (6/17/1886 - 4/17/1955). George Howe stood at a pivotal point in both American and Philadelphia architecture. After a successful practice which had emphasized traditional styles in residential architecture, he turned to the International Style. He left his former firm of Mellor, Meigs & Howe, established a new firm with Swiss architect William Lescaze, and designed the landmark Philadelphia Savings Fund Society Building at 12th and Market Streets in Philadelphia. Howe was born in Worcester, MA, the son of James H. and Helen (Bradford) Howe. He received his early education at private schools and his B.A. in Architecture from Harvard University in 1908. In that year as well he was admitted to the Atelier Laloux in Paris and in 1912 graduated from the Ecole des Beaux-Arts in Paris. When he returned to the United States, he settled in Philadelphia, where his mother's family resided, and entered the firm of Furness, Evans & Co. (Frank Furness, q.v.). He was in the office at Furness's death in 1912 and by 1913 had been asked by Allen Evans (q.v.) to remain as a partner in the firm. By 1916, however, he had joined the younger, but successful, firm of Mellor & Meigs (Walter Mellor, q.v.). With the outbreak of World War I, however, Howe left the United States and did not return until 1919 after distinguished service to his country. In his absence, the firm continued designing the residences for which it had already received some recognition. Howe continued this tradition, but also began designing branch offices for the Philadelphia Savings Fund Society. It is not surprising, therefore, that when he left Biographical Dictionary of Philadelphia Architects 395 the firm in 1928, he took with him the Philadelphia Savings Fund Society account. In mid-1929 Howe established a new partnership with Lescaze (1896-1969), a younger Swiss architect who had studied at the Ecole des Beaux-Arts in Geneva, Switzerland, and at the Ecole Polytechnique Federale in Zurich. The first commission attempted by the new firm of Howe & Lescaze was the Oak Lane Country Day School in Philadelphia (demolished 1960), and it showed the interest in the office International Style which the partners would again use for the Philadelphia Savings Fund Society in Philadelphia, often called the first modernistic building to be constructed in the United States. Howe & Lescaze remained in operation until 1935, when Howe returned to independent practice. Howe's independent designs again were primarily residential in type and included Square Shadows in Whitemarsh, PA, for Walter Stix Wasserman (1932-34) and the Robert F. Welsh residence in Laverock, PA (1934-35), both showing the influence of European design and the International Style. In 1940 Howe turned to the design of housing developments, working in association with Louis I. Kahn and Oscar Stonorov. From 1941 Howe performed as a consultant to the Public Buildings Administration in Washington, D.C., and, by February, 1942, had been appointed Supervising Architect for that Adminstration under the Federal Works Agency, succeeding Louis Simon. In 1945 he resigned this positron and began working in association with Robert Montgomery Brown and devoting more time to the education of young architects. In this area he served as a Fellow at the American Academy in Rome (1947-49) and as Chair of the Architectural Department at Yale University (1950-54). After his retirement from the latter position in 1954, Howe returned to Philadelphia and was asked by the Philadelphia Chapter of the AIA to report on the use of land facing Independence Historical Park, then under consideration for enlargement. Howe was a member of the T-Square Club and for many years served as the editor of its T-Square and Shelter magazines, in the process luring several of the most prominent architects of the modern persuasion to contribute. He was elected a fellow of the AIA in 1943. He also served on a number of committees relating to the education of architects in the United States, including the committee of the Board of Overseers of Harvard University for the new Graduate School of Design there, the advisory council for the Department of Architecture at Princeton University, and a national advisory group in connection with design instruction at the California Institute of Technology. LIST OF PROJECTS: See Mellor, Walter for Mellor, Meigs & Howe projects. 1913 Howe, George, renovation of res., Chestnut Hill, PA Bay,, L I., Ny 1914 Roosevelt, Kermit, renovation & adds. to res., . 1928 War Memorial, Somme Amer. Cemetery, Bony, Aisne, France Wasserman, William Stix, res., Whitemarsh, PA Howe & Lescaze: 1929 Dreyfus, Herbert M., apt., N.Y., N.Y. Howe & Lescaze, office, Phila. Ingersoll, R. Sturgis, museum, Pennlyn, PA Kemmels, A.E.F., monument, nr. Vierstataelt (nr. YpreS), Belgium Oak Lane Country Day Schl., 2nd St. & Oak La. Rd., Phila. PSFS, renovation of main bldg., 7th & Walnut sts., Phila. PSFS, branch bank & office bldg., 12th & Market sts, . Stowkowski, Leopold, apt., NY, NY Wasserman, William Stix, office, Phila. Wasserman, William Stix, res., Whitemarsh, PA 1930 Herzberg, Ben, apt., NY, NY Museum of Modern Art, NY, NY Philips, C., apt., NY, NY Porter, George French, res., Ojai, CA 396 Biographical Dictionary of Philadelphia Architects LOCATION OF DRAWINGS AND PAPERS: Avery Architectural Library; PSFS Archives; Syracuse Univ. (William Lescaze Papers). SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY: Avery Index to Architectural Periodicals; MacMillan Encyclopedia of Architects; Stern, Robt. A.M., Toward a Modern American Architecture. New Haven: Yale Univ. Press, 1975. st HOWELL, CARL EUGENE (1879 - 6/17/1930). Carl E. Howell was born in Columbus, OH, and received his B.S. in Architecture from the University of Pennsylvania in 1905. In that year he won the Stewardson Scholarship enabling him to travel abroad; and when he returned, he and Leicester B. Holland (q.v.) established the partnership of Howell & Holland, with offices at 712 Walnut Street. Howell soon returned to Ohio, however, where he and J.W. Thomas established the partnership of Howell & Thomas with a Columbus office. Howell joined the AIA in 1911.

SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY: Am. Art An'1.(1924/25), p.414; Bk. of the Schl., p.160; T-Square: 1903, 1904/05, 1910; UPA Gen. Alumni Cat. (1917), p.224. st HOWELL, JOSEPH, JR. (1750-1798). Joseph Howell was a master builder who joined the Friendship Carpenters' Company in 1772 and served as Clerk in 1775. During the Revolution he was a Captain of the Pennsylvania Musket Battalion. Taken prisoner at Long Island in 1776, he was held by the British for several months before being exchanged. Throughout the balance of the war he served as Commissioner of Army Accounts and acting Paymaster General of the United States Army. When the Friendship Company and The Carpenters' Company united in 1786, Howell signed The Company articles. SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY: Heitman; MCCCCP; Moss, Master Builders; Roach. rm

UOWISON, HENRY (fl. 1301 1935). Nothing is knnwn of Henry Howison beyond his listings in the Philadelphia city directories where he appears for the years 1907-08, 1924-26, and 1935 as an architect. During other years from 1904 to 1935 he appears variously as a.draftsman, real estate salesman, and is employed by the Binns Co., suppliers of office supplies. From 1902 to 1908 his home address is listed as 1828 Venango Street and from 1908 to 1935 as 1540 Diamond Street. st HOXIE, JOSEPH C. (8/14/1814 - l/9/1870). Joseph C. Hoxie was born in Rhode Island, trained to the building trade in Connecticut, and by 1840 was working in Hoboken, NJ. Relocating to the Philadelphia area, he formed a partnership with his brother-in-law, Stephen Decatur Button (q.v.), in 1848. This formal relationship continued until c. 1852 when it was dissolved by mutual agreement, although they continued to work together on various projects to the end of Hoxie's life. For the years of their partnership it is difficult to determine which architect was primarily responsible for each of the commissions documented for the firm. After Hoxie returned to independent practice, however, he appers to have made a particular specialty of railroad stations and churches. Italianate Harrisburg Station (1857, demolished 1877) and the Arch Street Presbyterian Church (1853-1857) are probably the best examples of his efforts with both of these building types. The Ebenezer Maxwell House (1859), now a museum in the Germantown area of Philadelphia, has often been attributed to Hoxie. LIST OF PROJECTS: 1845 Harding, Jno., storehse., 29/31 S. Front St., Phila. Hoxie & Button: 1849 Devereaux, Jno., mansion, 396 (later 1406) Walnut St., Phila. Appendix C

Guide to Roman Catholic Building Resources at the Athenæum http://www.libertynet.org/athena/catholic.html

Project Background & Methodology

The Guide to Roman Catholic Building Resources at The Athenæum of Philadelphia began

in the July of 1996, with a grant from the Connelly Foundation. The project was designed to test the

possibilities of new technologies, including digital imaging and on-line database searching. Roman

Catholic buildings were chosen because they represent 7% of the Athenæum’s architectural

collections of 180,000 architectural drawings, and because they include a varied number of building

types, including churches, parochial schools, convents, rectories and monasteries. They were also

chosen because they represented virtually every document type in the Athenæum’s collections,

including architectural drawings, photographs, prints, stained glass renderings, specifications, and

manuscripts. The importance of these materials to Philadelphia’s architectural heritage can not be

overstated.

The first step of the project was to secure the hardware necessary to complete the Guide,

including, computer, scanner and printer.

Athenæum collections were searched for Roman Catholic materials. This included

downloading the Athenæum’s Research Libraries Information Network (RLIN) records and the

collation of materials gleaned from more than 100 local finding aids. The Lovatt and Dagit

Collections, both amazingly rich in Catholic material, but never fully cataloged, were inventoried on a sheet by sheet basis. Also examined in detail for the first time was the D’Ascenzo Studios Archives which contained 125+ watercolor renderings for Catholic windows and photographs documenting C.2

300+ buildings. All of the information was collected in paper files that were arranged by parish for the Archdiocese of Philadelphia, and by location and building type outside of Philadelphia. Nearly all of the data collection, confirmation, and scanning was done by Dr. Marie Frank, Principal

Investigator.

Once the files were complete, digital scanning of representative images began. Items 11" x

17" or smaller were scanned on an HPScanJet 4c Scanner and saved at high resolution as archival masters to compact discs that project staff created in-house. Larger items were photographed with

35mm color slide film which was then transferred directly to KODAK Photo-CD. More than 1500 images were digitized during the project. Once a format for the web page and database was established, representative images of each building were scaled down and saved as jpeg files to provide a thumbnail view, as well as a full page view (800 pixels wide) of each image. Dr. Frank left the project in November 1996 for a position at the University of Virginia. Much of the file editing and rehousing of drawings was then done by Nancy A. Holst, in December and January of 1997.

The format and the appearance of the Guide was developed by Walter R. Rice, Jr. of R&R

Computer Solutions, who in February through July of 1997, in coordination with Bruce Laverty, the

Curator of Architecture, reworked and refined the page as data entry continued. The data was entered with Lotus Notes software, which enabled the addition and upgrading of the database to occur from multiple computer sites on a daily basis. This provided a five-fold electronic backup of all the data collected.

Intrigued by the potential of the Guide to Roman Catholic Resources, the Science and

Technology Wing (STWing) of the University of Pennsylvania generously offered to provide permanent computer server space for the project, at no cost to the Athenæum or to the Connelly C.3

Foundation. During this time, Mr. Laverty completed all data entry for the Guide, ensuring the quality and consistency of the data. The flexible format of the web page allows for searching through

6 views as well as full text searching. Not only do the pages provide detailed building information but also enabled that to be linked to authoritative biographical information on architects and firms as found in the Biographical Dictionary of Philadelphia Architects: 1700-1930. Building type fields have been entered according to authoritative terms from the Library of Congress Subject Headings

(LCSH) or the Art & Architecture Thesaurus (AAT). Valuable information on primary and secondary sources, as well as information on contractors’ association with building projects was also added.

The Guide was officially placed on-line in August of 1997. Since then, more than 600 people have used its service. The importance of the Guide to Roman Catholic Building Resources at the

Athenæum of Philadelphia is two fold. First, it provides unprecedented access to Athenæum collections for a community that may not be familiar with traditional library reference tools. This will assist the congregations that occupy historic Roman Catholic buildings in their efforts to maintain and preserve them. The existence of original architectural drawings can save clients thousands of dollars in survey fees, if architectural work is necessary. Knowing where to look for these materials is the first and often greatest challenge to the untrained researcher. We trust the Guide will meet this challenge. Secondly, the Guide is not a traditional, static product but an interactive relational database. As new information or collections become known building records can be updated or added. C.4

Format of the Guide to Roman Catholic Building Resources

The Guide to Roman Catholic Building Resources at The Athenæum of Philadelphia is

composed of two sets of documents:

Building Pages

These pages contain as much information on the “vital statistics” of a building as is available

at The Athenæum of Philadelphia, including address, architect, contractors, primary references,

secondary references and holdings information. Also included on each building page is a

representative image from the Athenæum’s collections. This image is provided in a thumbnail format

but may be enlarged by clicking anywhere on the image area.

Biographical Pages

These pages provide authoritative information on individual architects and firms represented

on the building pages. The information for these was taken directly from Sandra L. Tatman and Roger

W. Moss, Biographical Dictionary of Philadelphia Architects: 1700-1930, (Boston: G.K. Hall,

1985). These pages are linked to biographical pages of associated architects and firms, as well as to

projects represented in the Guide.

The Guide can be searched in 7 ways:

By Architect

This provides an alphabetical listing of the architects and firms represented in the Guide.

Individual architects are listed last name first and birth and death dates are provided, when known.

Firm names are listed by the first letter of the corporate name.

Example: Henry D. Dagit (1865-1929), as an individual practitioner, is listed as Dagit, Henry

D. (1865-1929), but Henry D. Dagit & Sons is listed under “H”. Searching by Architect will provide C.5 the user with a list of all buildings in the Guide which list that person as architect, as well as the biographical entry for that person.

By Client or Owner

This list provides the names of individuals or institutions that are represented as clients or owners on the original drawings or other documents. In most cases in this project that person was the parish rector. Though in many cases the legal owner is the archdiocese that commissioned a particular project these have not been listed to simplify searching this field.

By Building Type

This list provides a search by the type of structure documented. Building type fields have been entered according to authoritative terms from the Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH) or the Art & Architecture Thesaurus (AAT). Please note that some buildings are represented under multiple building types.

By Building Name

This list is an alphabetical listing of all buildings represented in the Guide. To simplify searching all building names that begin with “Church of”, “Chapel of”, or “Convent of” have been reversed.

Example: “Church of the Blessed Sacrament” is listed as “Blessed Sacrament Church”.

Subsidiary parish buildings such as rectories, convents, schools are listed under the reversed name of the parish. C.6

By Location

This list allows the searching of buildings by the following hierarchy:

• Country

• State

• City

• Street

• Building

Under the USA list Pennsylvania appears at the top of the list, before the alphabetical sequence.

Within the Pennsylvania State list, Philadelphia appears at the top of the list, before the alphabetical sequence.

By Parish

This list provides an alphabetical listing of all parishes in the Philadelphia Vicariate of the

Archdiocese of Philadelphia that have original documents in the Guide. Some, but not all, of the suburban vicariates (Chester, Montgomery, Bucks and Delaware Counties) are listed in this search view. As information and staffing become available, parish searching for all of these suburban parishes, as well as those outside the Archdiocese of Philadelphia will be added.

Full Text Searching

This feature allows searching of all building pages and biographical pages by keyword or word string. A word search in this field will produce results for all building pages and biographies in which that word appears. C.7

Results

At the Athenæum the Guide project has been beneficial in a number of ways. First it enabled the staff to become familiar and comfortable with what, a very short time ago was an intimidating technology. It also developed a level of expertise both in digital imaging and web-based data bases that strengthens the institution and the greater Philadelphia cultural community as a whole. It has allowed the staff to gain item level control of some of its most important architectural collections, including the Lovatt and Dagit drawing collections and the Nicola D’Ascenzo Stained Glass Archive

(Catholic projects only).

Since the Guide went quietly on line in August 1997, nearly 2000 people have made use of the site. The staffs of the Philadelphia Archdiocesan Historical Research Center, the Preservation

Alliance, the Foundation for Architecture, and Partners for Sacred Places have all been given demonstrations of the website and are enthusiastically referring inquirers to it. But perhaps most importantly, are the individuals who now have unprecedented access to original materials and information that is important to them. These include most recently the staff of St. Kevin’s Church &

School, Springfield, PA who discovered that the Athenæum had 4 drawings by Henry D. Dagit and

Sons for their building (something that even the Athenæum didn’t know before this project began).

Likewise, a parishioner from St. James Parish in Elkins Park, PA discovered the Guide’s website, and even though it showed no original materials for her church, was excited to find extensive biographical and project information on the church’s architect, F. Ferdinand Durang.

The Guide to Roman Catholic Building Resources and PAB

Particularly because of the time and resource constraints of the Guide project, the database was developed very quickly and simply to support the particular data generated by the project. The C.8 data structure is not relational, and does not include any but the most rudimentary safeguards to ensure data integrity and consistency.

The Guide database in Lotus Notes was very efficient at fulfilling its goals in the project, which required only a very small demonstration set of data (about 1000 records) to be presented. The implementation suffers, however, from a lack of scalability due mainly to the internal structure of

Lotus Notes. Newer versions of Notes greatly extend the number of records permitted, but Notes still suffers from the same (although less restrictive) limitation.

The primary success of this project is that it led to an effective web interface that remains the conceptual background for the final presentation of the PAB project. Developed in Lotus Notes, a rapid development environment for database applications, the Guide uses Lotus Domino technology to present the web interface of the database. A web interface proved cumbersome, however, for entering and maintaining the data, so the Lotus Notes client was used for that purpose. Appendix D

Introduction to the Cultural Resources/GIS Project

The Commonwealth of Pennsylvania has been developing an internal GIS (geographical information system) since 1991, primarily to support its development and survey projects in the

Pennsylvania Departments of Transportation and Environmental Protection. The Commonwealth more recently started to actively recruit partner agencies with important existing data sets, one of which is the Bureau for Historic Preservation (BHP) of the Pennsylvania Historical & Museum

Commission (PHMC). BHP internally maintains a database of all surveyed cultural resources in the state, and uses this data to perform reviews to determine the impact of new projects on the state’s existing cultural resources.

BHP has partnered with other state agencies to incorporate its data within the Commonwealth

GIS system providing important benefits at both levels. BHP will soon cease to maintain its own database at the Department of Education independent of the Cultural Resources GIS (CR/GIS) system and will begin making all updates directly into the system. PHMC will maintain four distinct data sets in the CR/GIS: Pennsylvania Archaeological Sites, Pennsylvania Archaeological Compliance

Survey Reports, Pennsylvania Historic Resources, and Pennsylvania Historic Resources Survey

Reports. It is the latter two sets dealing with historic resources that are of primary importance to the

Philadelphia Architects and Buildings Project.

As part of the implementation process of the CR/GIS system, BHP has contracted with outside groups both to convert BHP’s existing data, and also to develop extended data for the surveyed sites (such as accurate Global Positioning System coordinates for the GIS system).

The CR/GIS project also includes the digitization of records held by BHP. The BHP is D.2 currently digitizing its historical survey records, to provide BHP and other state agencies access to the survey images from any of the GIS workstations.

Technically, the CR/GIS data is accessed through Intergraph GIS software. The database server for the CR/GIS is Oracle running on Windows NT. Client machines are also running Windows

NT, but are proprietary because of the requirements of the GIS software. The Cultural Resources database, although closely tied with the GIS system, is separate and independently useful from the

GIS application. Currently the images of survey records are not stored in any database, and reside as individual files (albeit with a strict naming scheme) on one of the Commonwealth servers.

In the final stages of the CR/GIS implementation project, the Commonwealth and BHP will develop an application to support maintaining the BHP data within the CR/GIS system. Currently, data entered into the CR/GIS has been converted from BHP’s existing flat-file database and verified for accuracy by the Penn State Data Center and the Army Corps of Engineers. Updates are still being made in BHP’s legacy database, and periodic synchronization takes place between that database and the CR/GIS system.

Both the Commonwealth and BHP have placed a low priority on providing access to the general public because the primary focus of the CR/GIS project is to provide an in-house system for internally evaluating environmental impact evaluations and site and route surveys. Although both organizations foresee eventual public access to parts of the data, for the near future all requests for data must be funneled through the BHP or other state agencies.

When public access to the CR/GIS system is implemented, access will most likely be through a relatively standard GIS frontend on the Web. This interface will provide a useful way to access the data, but the focus will still be primarily on spatial searching and retrieval, which does not provide D.3

for some important and necessary means of viewing the data that are essential to the information in

the PAB project. The PAB project will link extensively with the GIS, both at the city and state levels,

to provide both GIS users and PAB users with access to the full data resources of the PAB project

and the State’s cultural resources data. PAB’s website will also provide access to BHP’s digitized

images of the Commonwealth’s historical survey records.

The PAB project will focus on the five-county Philadelphia region, where the project staff will

coordinate with the Philadelphia City Planning Commission GIS efforts (Commonwealth GIS efforts

have already geo-coded all state historic inventory properties in Bucks, Chester, Delaware, and

Montgomery Counties). PAB web users will also gain instant access to PHMC’s records for other parts of the Commonwealth through one integrated application. The crux of the integration between the PAB project and the Commonwealth GIS will be the ability for the PAB project server to access the commonwealth’s database directly over the Internet. The data for the PAB project and the

CR/GIS will remain physically separated, residing on their respective servers. The front-end applications—both the in-house staff application for data collection/administration and the pubic web application for general usage—will have links to the PAB database, the CR/GIS database, the image libraries o f PAB, CR/GIS and the Places in Time images. Since there are no copies of the data, users from both sides will always be viewing the most current data from the PAB project and the

Commonwealth. The users of the applications will not notice that they are actually performing searches and retrieving data from multiple servers, but will be aware of the source (through authoritative citation) of any displayed data. Appendix E

Membership Lists of Steering & Advisory Committees

Steering Committee

Caroline Arms, Program Coordinator, National Digital Library Program, Library of Congress, Washington, DC

Brenda Barrett, Director, Bureau of Historic Preservation, Pennsylvania Historical & Museum Commission, Harrisburg, PA

Jeffrey A. Cohen, Ph.D. Bryn Mawr College, Director of Places in Time Project

Katherine Martinez, Ph.D., Librarian, Fine Art Library, Fogg Museum, Cambridge, MA

Julia Moore Converse, Director, Architectural Archives, University of Pennsylvania

Angela Giral, Director, Avery Architectural Library, Columbia University, New York, NY

Bruce Laverty, Gladys Brooks Curator of Architecture, The Athenaeum of Philadelphia

Eileen M. Magee, Assistant Director and chief staff financial officer, The Athenaeum of Philadelphia

Roger W. Moss, Ph.D. Executive Director, The Athenaeum of Philadelphia, co-author of The Biographical Dictionary of Philadelphia Architects (Boston, 1985)

Robert L. Pallone, President, Technology Navigators, Philadelphia, PA

Walter R. Rice, Sr., R&R Computer Solutions, Philadelphia, PA

Walter R. Rice, Jr., R&R Computer Solutions, Philadelphia, PA

Sandra L. Tatman, Ph.D. University of Delaware, co-author of The Biographical Dictionary of Philadelphia Architects (Boston, 1985)

Richard Tyler, Ph.D., Historic Preservation Officer, Philadelphia Historical Commission E.2

Advisory Committee

Joseph Benford, Prints & Pictures, Free Library of Philadelphia

Jonathan P. Cox, Vice President, Historical Society of Pennsylvania

Sandra Garz, Executive Director, American Institute of Architects

Kenneth Hinde, Foundation for Architecture

Margaret Jerrido, Urban Archives, Temple University

E. Richard McKinstry, Winterthur Museum Library

Jefferson Moak, Philadelphia City Archives

Jeffrey Ray, Curator, Atwater Kent Museum

Michael Stern, Director, Historic Religious Properties Programs, Preservation Alliance for Greater Philadelphia

Karen Stevens, Archivist, Independence National Historical Park

John C. Van Horne, Ph.D. Librarian, Library Company of Philadelphia Appendix F Letters of Support and Commitment

Caroline Arms, Program Coordinator, National Digital Library Program, Library of Congress, Washington, DC

Brenda Barrett, Director, Bureau of Historic Preservation, Pennsylvania Historical & Museum Commission, Harrisburg, PA

Dr. Jeffrey A. Cohen, Bryn Mawr College, Director of Places in Time Project

Julia Moore Converse, Director, Architectural Archives, University of Pennsylvania

Jonathan P. Cox, Vice President, Historical Society of Pennsylvania

Sandra A. Garz, Executive Director, American Institute of Architects, Philadelphia Chapter

Angela Giral, Director, Avery Architectural Library, Columbia University, New York, NY

Gary Hack, Dean, Graduate School of Fine Arts, University of Pennsylvania

John Higgins, Executive Director, Foundation for Architecture

Margaret Jerrido, Director, Urban Archives, Temple University

Barbara Kaplan, Executive Director, Philadelphia City Planning Commission

Dr. Katherine Martinez, Librarian, Fine Art Library, Fogg Museum, Cambridge

Robert Pallone, President, Technology Navigators, Philadelphia, PA

Michael Stern, Director, Historic Religious Properties Programs, Preservation Alliance for Greater Philadelphia

Dr. Sandra Tatman, co-author of The Biographical Dictionary of Philadelphia Architects (Boston, 1985)

Dr. Richard Tyler, Historic Preservation Officer, Philadelphia Historical Commission Caroline R. Arms 166 Duke of Gloucester St. Annapolis, MD 21401-2517 (410) 268-0837

Dr. Janet Haas President, The William Penn Foundation Two Logan Square, 1 lth Floor 100 North 18th Street Philadelphia PA 19103-2757

April 6th, 1999

Dear Dr. Haas:

About a year ago, Dr. Roger Moss of the Athenaeum of Philadelphia approached me, as someone familiar with the challenges and pitfalls of digitization projects in my capacity as technical coordinator for the Library of Congress / Ameritech National Digital Library Competition, to ask if I would participate in the process funded by your foundation to plan for a project more ambitious than the conversion of the Biographical Dictionary of Philadelphia Architects that had initially been proposed. Such an extensive project would clearly challenge a small institution. In contributing to the discussions, I soon found that I was drawing not only on my experience with the National Digital Library Program, but also on my many years providing computing services and facilitating access to information in academic and professional contexts. During the past year, I have observed the vision, enthusiasm, and energy of the Athenaeum staff and been impressed by the productive relationship with the computer consultant firm they have selected for the application development component of this project. I have also observed a growing appreciation of the technical issues involved and I believe that they will respond to the challenge. In my experience, the success of projects that break new ground, as this one proposes, lies in the flexibility and drive of the key staff. I am delighted to offer my support for the proposal for the Philadelphia Architects and Buildings Project that has emerged from the planning process, and to agree to serve on the steering committee for the project.

The most exciting aspect of the proposed project is its integrative nature. It takes advantage of the opportunity offered by the Internet to assemble information drawn from various sources into a virtual resource that will be valuable for planning and education at many levels, as indicated by the support and interest from the other participating institutions. The interest of the public and the K-12 community in materials that help them explore family and local history is reinforced through comments and questions received regularly through electronic mail by the Library of Congress.

The core of the project involves compiling information in three categories: biographies and project lists for architects; information about individual buildings, including bibliographic information about related sources of documentation; and digital reproductions of related drawings, photographs, and documents, Each component would be a valuable research resource in its own right. By linking them in a way that supports easy browsing via clickable links on web pages as well as searching, the Philadelphia Architects and Buildings resource will serve a much broader audience. The pioneering use of geo- referencing to relate the archival resources to other data accessible through the Pennsylvania Geographic Information System (GIS) is particularly exciting. I understand that the National Park Service is exploring the possibility of adding similar geospatial information to its database for the Historic American Building Survey. The PAB project can serve as a model to demonstrate the value of this technique.

The resource will be much more than a collection of web pages or an online publication. Each of the three components will be organized as a database that can be used, maintained and updated independently, linked through common conventions for identifying architects and buildings and for recording geographic location. The plan provides for access to the information to be facilitated through different entry points for different communities: the PAB web site for a wide range of users; the state GIS system for planners; and the RLIN Visual Materials catalog for academic researchers. Where appropriate data standards or practices exist, the project will take advantage of them to ensure that the resource can be used and maintained in the future. The data model for the building database will be compatible with the city and state GIS systems and the application will be implement in widely deployed relational database software (ORACLE). The associated descriptive records for the archival architectural collections will use the standard MARC format, follow a common set of cataloging guidelines. These records will also be incorporated into the RLIN Visual Materials catalog, providing independent access to the academic research community as part of a body of architectural resources that reaches beyond the Philadelphia region. The associated digital images will be described individually and consistently, probably using the Dublin Core data elements, allowing them to be treated as an image “library” rather than merely embedded in the building documentation like illustrations within a book. Once the information in the biographical dictionary is loaded into a database that represents its logical organization, the database could be used to disseminate the information in a number of ways, not only through the PAB interface.

The proposed project draws on resources and practices of known value from the library community and the GIS community. The experience of bridging the gap will be challenging, but will create a richer resource than either community could provide alone. The vision and creativity of such an ambitious project must be backed up by a robust technical infrastructure, routine operational support, and ongoing access to appropriate technical expertise. The collaboration from the start of the University of Pennsylvania and the state GIS are important to the continuing availability of the resource beyond the life of the proposed project.

Finally, I should make it clear that this letter of support is written as an individual, not as a representative of the Library of Congress.

Sincerely,

Caroline R. Arms Bryn Mawr College 101 North Merion Avenue Bryn Mawr, PA 19010-2899 11 April 1999 Dr. Janet Haas, President The William Penn Foundation Two Logan Square, 11th Floor 100 North 18th Street Philadelphia, PA 19103-2757

Dear Dr. Haas,

It is my pleasure to write in support of the Athenaeum of Philadelphia’s recently submitted proposal for the Philadelphia Architects and Buildings Project.

I think it a very worthy undertaking that will integrate and disseminate previously dispersed and often cloistered information resources about the built environment of the area.

The project will serve audiences that range from those curious about the history of their house or neighborhood, to architects and planners working with the built fabric of those places, to students and scholars attempting to probe the elements of history embodied and told through buildings. It could bring many important documentary resources from their present state as paper in file-cabmets available only within rooms in Philadelphia, Harrisburg, or Washington, to an enormously broadened potential audience, delivered over the web to millions of desktops. At the same time, it promises to dynamically integrate information presently presented only in rather rare print indexes of architectural drawings and biographical dictionaries of architects, by richly linking such entries for users who would otherwise have been unlikely to encounter such materials. It also promises to enrich these base resources, by extending the coverage of the biographical dictionary component to bring it closer to the present, by extending the reach of the catalogue of architectural drawings to reflect the holdings of other key repositories as well as the Athenaeum, and by providing on-line images of many of these materials in ways that will greatly serve the interest of users from the casual to the most engaged.

The Philadelphia Architects and Buildings Project will be a mode1 of collaboration among a number of institutional holders of pertinent materials, opening windows of connection and cooperation that were previously matched only with formidable persistence and shoe-leather. It is conceived to be well coordinated with related projects, and to evolve along with this new digital landscape where repositories are almost all starting to explore how to expose their riches in an electronic environment. This is an opportune moment to broach such a collaborative vision, when many might be tempted to venture out exclusively in ways that might be harder to integrate and reshape retroactively into such inter-institutional forms.

The project builds intelligently on earlier ventures by the key parties involved, from the Athenaeum’s own Biographical Dictionary (1985), architectural drawings catalogue (in print and then into RLIN in 1991-96), and Catholic buildings website (1997), to the University of Pennsylvania’s Architectural Archives websites (evolving since 1994), and the WPF-funded pilot web project called ‘Places in Time: Documentation of Place in the Philadelphia Area,” which I have directed since 1996.

The Philadelphia Architects and Buildings Project will take a prominent place, in many ways a leading place, beside a few similarly conceived initiatives on the built environment emerging in Chicago, California, and Washington, DC. It is an exciting prospect proposed by a team with an admirable track record of achievement that leads logically to this proposal. I enthusiastically recommend the project to the consideration of the Foundation.

Cordially, Jeffrey A. Cohen, Ph.D.

Lecture;, Growth & Structure of Cities Program Director, Digital Media and Visual Resource Center UNIVERSITY of PENNSYLVANIA

The Architectural Archives The Graduate School of Fine Arts 102 Meyerson Hall Philadelphia, PA 19104-6311 Office: (215) 898-8323 Fax: (215) 898-9215 email: [email protected]

Julia Moore Converse, Director

April 15, 1999

Dr. Janet Haas, President The William Penn Foundation Two Logan Square, 11th Floor 100 North 18th Street Philadelphia, PA 19103-2757

Re: Philadelphia Architects and Buildings Project

Dear Dr. Haas:

The proposal submitted by The Athenaeum of Philadelphia describes an unprecedented collaborative effort among area institutions who seek to make a far-reaching contribution by providing, to the broadest possible audience, critical information on our built environment and on its creators.

Those of us who manage large collections of architectural records face constant frustration in trying to provide meaningful access to the information contained in these collections. Relentlessly challenged by the size, condition, and sheer mass of the collections with which we have been entrusted, we struggle to care for these collections, let alone to mine them for the information they can provide.

The project described in this proposal will not only release invaluable information to the public, free of cost and without risk to the priceless originals, it will also allow an infinite number of connections to be made between records housed in separate repositories.

I have worked alongside Roger Moss and Bruce Laverty, my respected colleagues at The Athenaeum of Philadelphia, for fifteen years. I am well acquainted with all the members of this outstanding team, and have collaborated particularly closely over the years with Dr. Jeffrey Cohen, the architectural historian whose pioneering work exploited the early use of technology to put visual records of architecture into an electronic format, free to all. I believe this thoughtful project is in the very best hands, and will not only benefit our community in the ways described in the proposal, but in further ways which we cannot even yet imagine. I enthusiastically encourage the William Penn Foundation to support this wonderful project and I look forward to seeing its implementation.

Sincerely yours,

Julia Moore Converse Director, Architectural Archives of the University of Pennsylvania Assistant Dean, Graduate School of Fine Arts THE HISTORICAL SOCIETY OF PENNSYLVANIA THIRTEEN HUNDRED LOCUST STREET PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA 19 107-5699 (215) 732-6200 FAX: (215) 732-2680

May 5, 1999

Dr. Janet Haas President The William Penn Foundation Two Logan Square, 1 lth Floor 100 North 18th Street Philadelphia, PA 19103-2757

Dear Dr. Haas:

I write in support of the PHILADELPHIA ARCHITECTS AND BUILDINGS PROJECT (PAB), sponsored by the Athenaeum of Philadelphia and the University of Pennsylvania Architectural Archives.

This project will make a significant contribution to the quality of life in our region and to the work of architectural and historical researchers by making information about the Philadelphia region’s architectural heritage accessible to a diverse and broad public. The PAB will greatly assist many of the researchers who use the Historical Society of Pennsylvania by linking data and images from many sources and by making them available on the Internet. The PAB’s end product will also assist our reference staff by providing an authoritative, up-to-date source for the history of buildings in our region. I believe that this project is a strong example of collaboration between the academy, government, and the private sector.

The Historical Society of PA looks forward to cooperating with the PAB staff on this valuable project, and I urge you to give this proposal serious consideration.

Sincerely,

Jonathan P. Cox Vice President for Collections

JPC/dj 4 AIA Philadelphia A Chapter of The American institute of Architects

April 30, 1999

Dr. Janet Haas, President The William Penn Foundation Two Logan Square, 11th Floor 100 North 18th Street Philadelphia, PA 19 103-2757

Dear Dr. Haas:

It gives me great pleasure to express to you my full support for the proposed PHlLADELPHlA ARCHITECTS AND BUILDING PROJECT submitted by the Athenaeum and the University of Pennsylvania Architectural Archives.

The AIA, Philadelphia Chapter and the Athenaeum have a common history that dates to the 1870’s when our first offices were housed on the third floor of their building. Today, the Athenaeum serves as the repository for the historical records of the Chapter and is a daily resource for Chapter staff and member inquiries. Likewise, the University of Pennsylvania, which has done so much in providing our great city with architects of international standing, has also contributed an invaluable resource, through its Architectural Archives, for the study of the architectural heritage of the Greater Philadelphia area. It has been my pleasure to work closely with the staffs of both institutions and I am fully confident of their ability to accomplish this ambitious and complex project.

PAB will build on and expand the Biographical Dictionary of Philadelphia Architects, the single most important printed work documenting the careers of local architects and builders. By updating this tremendous amount of information from 1930 to the present, the PAB will make the works of internationally noted architects such as Louis Kahn, Robert Venturi accessible to a broad audience. Even more importantly, this project will document the careers of hundreds of lesser- known architects who have contributed so much to the appearance of the regions built environment since 1930.

PAB will be an inestimable resource to the members of the AIA, both in the Philadelphia Chapter and nationwide. This is certainly true of those members who specialize in historic restoration and rehabilitation, whose search for original building documents is often currently thwarted by the scattered nature and inaccessibility of historic materials. But PAB will also go far in amplifying an appreciation for the architectural heritage of our area within all AIA members.

The project will be fully underway by next May when the AIA National Convention will be held in Philadelphia. Not only does the convention give an opportunity to show off Philadelphia’s architectural greatness, but it provides an excellent forum for the demonstration of the PAB’s potential to serve as a national model for making architectural resources available to a broad audience. 1 fully expect AIA delegates to return to their homes across the nation knowing that Philadelphia is a leader in this area.

117 South 17th Streei Philadelphia, PennsylvanIa 19103-5055 Chapter Tel 215 569 3166 Bookstore Tel 215 569 3188 Chapter Fax 215 569 9226 Bookstore Fax 215 569 4952 Dr. Janet Haas April 30, 1999 Page 2

I’m truly excited about the prospect of contributing to this important project, both as a representative to the Advisory Committee as well as assisting in both the research and promotion of the Philadelphia Architects and Buildings Project.

Sincerely,

Sandra L. Garz, AICP Executive Director C OLUMBIA UNIVERSITY IN THE CITY OF NEW YORK

AVERY ARCHITECTURAL AND FINE ARTS LIBRARY

April 13, 1999

Dr. Janet Haas The William Penn Foundation Two Logan Square, 11th Floor 100 North 18th Street Philadelphia, PA 19103-2757

Dear Dr. Haas:

I write to you to convey my enthusiastic support for the application from the Athenaeum of Philadelphia for a grant for their Philadelphia Architects and Building Project.

A few years ago Avery Library led the way in applying then new technologies and standards to the cataloging of architectural drawings. It gives me great pleasure to say that we are now at a point where we will follow the leadership of the Athenaeum in taking advantage of newer technologies to develop a complex system of information resources on architecture that will stand as a model for others of its kind

The project has been designed with the greatest care, and engages the collaboration of a number of key institutional players in a way that no one has done before. Having worked with Roger Moss and Bruce Laverty over the years I have the greatest respect for their talent and have no doubt of their ability to carry out this complicated project as designed

The Biographical Dictionary of Philadelphia Architects is an enormously useful reference tool. A model of solid scholarship without frills. Having web access to an updated version will be a great boon by itself. But being able to link it with information on the buildings will make it an extraordinary tool.

The project, like the Dictionary that preceded it, is an example of soberly controlled ambition. It focuses on linking the various sources of existing information. Dazzling as its results are likely to be it does not aim to dazzle with newly and expensively created information. But makes use of current technologies in an intelligent way, aiming for a synergy in which the resulting product will undoubtedly be greater than the sum of its parts.

Doing research on the rich architecture of the Philadelphia area will be greatly facilitated once this project is concluded. I fervently recommend that you fund it.

Sincerely,

Director

1172 Amsterdam Avenue Mail Code 0301 New York, NY 10027 UNIVERSITY of PENNSYLVANIA

The Graduate School of Fine Arts Gary Hack, Dean and Paley Professor 102 Meyerson Hall Philadelphia, PA 19104-6311 Tel. 215-898-8321 Fax: 215-573-6654

April 25, 1999

Dr. Roger Moss, Executive Director The Athenaeum of Philadelphia 219 South Sixth Street Washington Square East Philadclphia, PA 19106

Dear Roger:

The collaborative documentation project organized under the auspices of The Athenaeum of Philadelphia is an ambitious effort worthy of broad institutional and foundation support. Clearly, dissemination of the critical information currently existing in the collections of the Architectural Archives of the University of Pennsylvania, The Athenaeum of Philadelphia, and in other area repositories, will benefit a wide spectrum of users and will result in a far more comprehensive understanding of our built environment, This information is essential to ensure the future of Philadelphia’s rich and complex urban identity. An important regional effort in its own right, this project also falls clearly within our University’s guidelines for promoting its Urban Agenda.

In addition to the University of Pennsylvania’s contributions of personnel staff time, facilities, and collection information, all to be provided by the Architectural Archives, the Graduate School of Fine Arts (GSFA) agrees to provide, without charge, system support for the project computer server over the duration of the initial grant period. Such support will include housing of the server in GSFA facilities, furnishing and maintaining a high- speed connection to the intemet via the University’s internal backbone, and providing system backup on a regular schedule and system program/data recovery services as needed. We expect that the project budget will provide the computer server itself, including all associated hardware and software, as well as configuration and ongoing support of its specialized software. On behalf of the GSFA, I would be pleased to discuss continuation of this arrangement into the future at some point before the end of the initial grant period.

Please let me know if I can be helpful in any other way in promoting the success of this important project.

Sincerely yours,

cc: Julia Moore Converse Chris Cataldo Patricia Woldar April 30, 1999

Dr. Janet Haas, President The The William Penn Foundation Foundation TWO Logan Square, 11 th Floor 100 North 18th Street for Philadelphia, PA 19103-2757 Architecture

Dear Dr. Haas: 1737 Chestnut Street, Second Floor Philadelphia, PA 19103 I am pleased to send you this letter of support for PHILADELPHIA ARCHITECTS AND Tel: 2l5 569 3187 Fax: 215 569 4688 BUILDINGS PROJECT, sponsored by The Athenaeum and the University of Pennsylvania E-mail: [email protected] Architectural Archives. Web site:www.dca.net/ffa-phila

The Biographical Dictionary of Philadelphia Architects that Roger Moss and Sandra

Tatman authored in 1985 continues to be one of the most valuable references in the A nonprofit Foundation for Architecture’s Resource Center. Our corps of more than 90 volunteer tour tax-exempt organization guides/interpreters have used this reference continuously over the years in creating over 40 architecture walking tours. In addition the Athenaeum and University collections have greatly informed and benefitted the research of our volunteer interpreters. The John Higgings PHILADELPHIA ARCHITECTS AND BUILDINGS PROJECT and its proposed expansion Executive D/rector of biographical and buildings history information, available on-line, will only further Lynn R. Axelroth, Esq our research activities. Chair

We fully support the proposal for this ambitious project, not only because it is a great Christophe P. Terlizzi resource for professionals and lay people, but because it will enable other institutional Vice Chair constituents, such as the Foundation for Architecture, to better fulfill its mission of floss Barber, NCIOO education and advocacy to the public at large. I am especially pleased with the timing William P. Becker, AIA of the project since it makes a natural link to our own growing collection of building-based Scott M. Booth Charles E. Broudy, FAIA tour information. Nora Mead Brownell John J. Connors In 1998 our Tour Program was successful in reaching over 5,000 people. The guide’s Joseph P. Denny Kevin F. Oonohoe intensive research activities have produced detailed building surveys on nearly 2,000 James P. Dugan, AIA structures in the Philadelphia region. In many cases, the Athenaeum’s resources have Joseph C. Esposito augmented these activities. In addition, we have been compiIing a wealth of historical Wayne R. Evans narrative information that accompanies our 40+ neighborhood based and theme based Nessal Forman John C. Goodchild tours. Our roster of tours continues to grow as our tour program receives more and more Alan Greenberger, AIA requests for educational programs, as well as expansion into new localities. Robert Mitchell Hanna Dante1 F Hayes Terry Jacobs, AIA The PHILADELPHIA ARCHITECTS AND BUILDINGS PROJECT will allow not only M. Richard Kalter, Esq. our volunteers to assemble and create better tour packages, but will encourage the lay Emanuel Kelly, AIA public at large to investigate building history independently. The Foundation’s Peter F. Kelsen, Esq. participation in this project, through the PAB Advisory Committee, ensures that the John G. Kevgas James Nelson Kise, AIA corporate mission and strategic goals of our organization and others, will be considered Edward A. Liva and incorporated into the larger project. Walter J. Logan, Jr. Susan Maxman. FAIA Paul W. McGloin We very much look forward to continuing our relationship with The Athenaeum and the Phoebe Resnick University since its growth will enhance the growth of our educational programs. Please G. Craig Schelter need any additional information. Myron S. Sisal. AIA David Slovic Rebecca Stolc#f Jay Tacked. AIA Charles F Thomson

Advisory Council W. Joseph Duckworth, Chair Leshe Gallery-Dilworth FAIA John K Ranch, FAIA Willard G Rouse, III George F Rubin

Ex-Officio Joanne Aitken, AIA University Libraries TEMPLE UNIVERSITY Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122 A Commonwealth University

30 April 1999

Dr. Janet Haas, President William Penn Foundation Two Logan Square, 1 1th Floor 100 North 1 8th Street Philadelphia, PA 19103-2757

Dear Dr. Janet Haas, President:

This letter is in support of the proposed Introduction to the Philadelphia Architects and Building Project.

Philadelphia and surrounding areas are known for their historical buildings and architecture. The city is made up of numerous neighborhoods and many of them have banks, schools, churches and private homes with architecture that is significantly historical and representative of various architects and periods. Sharing this information through this collaborative project will benefit not only the participating institutions and their users but others locally, nationally and internationally that are interested in Philadelphia and the surrounding areas’ architecture and historical information.

The project proposes to mount a free publicly searchable internet database which will allow users to search information, view images, and examine the digital version of the expanded and corrected Biographical Dictionary of Philadelphia Architects.

As an archivist who manages an archives that collects historical materials that documents the social, political and economic history of Philadelphia, this project will enhance the collections located in all of the archives in the Philadelphia area. More importantly, the project will provide access to information that may not be otherwise easily retrieved to users no matter where they are located.

For a detailed and in depth understanding of Philadelphia’s architectural and historical information, it is important that the images and information be made available to librarians, historians, students, scholars, archivist and other users. Therefore, I strongly support the proposal and urge the William Penn Foundation to provide the requested funds.

Sincerely, b-‘& l--LJ&~& 1e L&Q Margaret Jerrido Archivist & Head of Urban Archives City of Philadelphia

Philadelphia City Planning Commission One Parkway Richard Rueda 1515 Arch Street Chair 13th Floor Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19102 Barbara J. Kaplan 215.683.4615 Telephone Executive Director 215.683.4630 Facsimile David A. Baldinger Deputy Director

29 April 1999

Dr. Janet Haas, President The William Penn Foundation Two Logan Square - 11th Floor 100 North 18th Street Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19103-2757

Dear Dr. Haas:

I am writing in support of the grant application from The Athenaeum of Philadelphia and the University of Pennsylvania Architectural Archives for the Philadelphia Architects and Building Project.

This project is important for at least two reasons. First and most obviously, the project will make available through the use of web based technology on-line access to a vast collection of materials and information on architecture and design in Philadelphia. This will be an important resource for planners, neighborhood organizations and community residents.

The second reason I am excited about this project is its relationship to geographic information systems. The Planning Commission for several years has been in the forefront of efforts within the City of Philadelphia government to use geographic information systems to support the data and mapping needs of city agencies and departments. While efforts to date have been focused on the specific internal needs of individual city departments, it is clear that the data and mapping systems being developed have wide application both in and out of City government. Efforts like that being proposed by The Athenaeum will help to demonstrate how data from many historical sources can be integrated into a geographic information system and made available widely to professional and lay audiences.

For these reasons, I would like to urge the William Penn Foundation to favorably support the application of The Athenaeum for the further development of the Philadelphia Architects and Buildings Project.

Sincerely,

I

Executive Director FINE ARTS LIBRARY HARVARD UNIVERSITY. FOGG ART MUSEUM .32 QUINCY STREET. CAMBRIDGE MASSACHUSETTS 02138

April 26, 1999 Dr. Janet Haas, President The William Penn Foundation Two Logan Square, 11th Floor 100 North 11th Street Philadelphia, PA 19103-2757

Dear Dr. Haas,

I am writing to enthusiastically endorse the Philadelphia Architects and Buildings Project grant proposal submitted by the Athenaeum of Philadelphia and the University of Pennsylvania Architectural Archives to The William Penn Foundation.

This ambitious project is exemplary on a number of levels:

• It is a collaborative project, involving several related but administratively diverse organizations, including private and academic institutions and government agencies. Historically these organizations have enjoyed close relationships based on complementary collections, nurtured through their staffs and users, and many of them have successfully collaborated in previous projects through the Philadelphia Area Consortium of Special Collection Libraries (PACSCL). The leaders of the project are fully cognizant of the serious level of commitment involved in collaborative projects, for example, through their participation in the magnificent 1988 exhibition Legacies of genius: a celebration of Philadelphia libraries. This experience in collaboration supports my confidence that this ambitious project will succeed. l The project will result in a research, teaching, and public information tool intended for a wide range of users with varying levels of expertise, as opposed to a narrowly specialized audience of scholars in a particular field. l The resource will facilitate access to collections primarily known to and used by a specialist audience. It will open doors to collections that currently are not regularly used by people investigating building histories. • The resource will present information and digital images of texts and visual material in ways that integrate disparate images, texts, and data In other words, it will serve up information that originally resided in a variety of formats that were not easy for all users to understand in relation to each other. Currently researchers must know how to read and interpret data and documents that were designed for specialist audiences. The intention of the project is to integrate and present information about Philadelphia architects and buildings in ways that facilitate understanding. l The project takes advantage of proven software for the organization and delivery of information: Oracle and GIS. The use of GIS is especially noteworthy in this project because it will enable the general public, with little advance knowledge about architects and builders, to locate information about specific buildings using only an address. l Scanned material will be more easily and widely accessible than the rare, fragile original drawings, prints, photographs, and documents; these originals will be protected from excessive handling.

I hope my observations will be helpful to your reviewers. Technology Navigators 604 S Washington Square #517 Philadelphia, PA 19 106-4 125

April 28, 1999

Dr. Janet Haas, President The William Penn Foundation Two Logan Square, 11th Floor 100 North 18th Street Philadelphia, PA 19 103-2757

Dear Dr. Haas:

The proposed Philadelphia Architects and Buildings Project represents an exceedingly important milestone in the history of Philadelphia architecture and in efforts to preserve and protect a fragile cultural heritage. The group of scholars and practitioners assembled by the Athenaeum and the University of Pennsylvania are among those most dedicated to improving our understanding of the built environment in one of the richest architectural environments in the country. The work that they are offering to perform is truly staggering. It is also entirely doable, given the appropriate funding.

I hope that the William Penn Foundation agrees. The project will provide an immensely useful resource to scholars and citizens, adults and children alike. Its technology is very sound and it’s overall model for collecting, organizing, and disseminating a very large body of information will provide a national model for other such endeavors. It seems exactly the kind of work William Penn should support.

Sincerely yours,

Robert L. Pallone ’ President Technology Navigators Preservation

Alliance Greater Philadelphia

May 5, 1999

Dr. Janet Haas President The William Penn Foundation 2 Logan Square, 11th Floor 100 N. 18th Street Philadelphia, PA 19103

Dear Dr. Haas:

On behalf of the Preservation Alliance for Greater Philadelphia, I am writing in strong support of the Athenaeum’s Philadelphia Architects and Builders Project. The Athenaeum’s new initiative will bring unprecedented access to information about our region’s most precious physical resource, the historic built environment. The project will involve a broad range of partners, from the Philadelphia City Planning Commission to the Pennsylvania Department of Transportation and the University of Pennsylvania, which will provide a comprehensive yet user-friendly way of finding information about historic buildings. I have already found the Athenaeum’s website of architectural information for Philadelphia Archdiocese a great help for my program.

One of the best-worn books in my library is the Biographical Dictionary of Philadelphia Architects, which forms the basis of this project. As Director of the Historic Religious Properties Program at the Preservation Alliance, I find it an invaluable resource, whether I use it for my own research on historic religious properties or to assist members of the general public in finding out about a specific building or architect. Unfortunately, it is has long been out of print. As much outstanding information as it contains, there is no cross-indexing; if you don’t know the architect, it is nearly impossible to find what you are searching for.

The Philadelphia Architects and Builders project will greatly benefit the Preservation Alliance in carrying out its mission and will greatly enhance the public’s understanding and awareness of our historic built environment.

Sincerely,

Michael Stem Director, Historic Religious Properties Program

Chair Richard Wood Snowden Robert F. Bowman Douglas N. Frenkel, Esq. 1616 Walnut Street Vice-Chair Elizabeth S. Browne Marc D. Brookman. Esq. Shirley Hanson President Don Meginley Alan Buerger June Kestenbaum Suite 2310 Treasurer Jeffrey Baccare Bobbye Burke Kelsey Murdoch Philadelphia Secretary Kevin Brooks John Connors Michael P. Nairn David G. De Long Romona A. Riscoe Pennsylvania 19103 Board of Directors Linda V Ellsworth G. Craig Schelter Peter Au-Yang Anthony P. Forte, Esq. Paul Steinke 215 546 1146 Rev. Ralph E. Blanks Emanuel Freeman Mjenzi K. Traylor Robert T. Vance, Jr. 215 546 1180 fax 25 April 1999 TOWSON Dr. Janet Haas UNIVERSITY President The William Penn Foundation Two Logan Square, 11th Floor 100 North 18th Street Philadelphia, PA 19 103-2757

Dear Dr. Haas:

I write in support of the grant application for the Philadelphia Architects and Buildings project (PAB). The Athenaeum of Philadelphia, along with the University of Pennsylvania Architectural Archives and other Art Department cooperating institutions, has planned an innovative effort which will Towson Universtiy allow architectural researchers ready access to information and records 8000 York Road regarding the built environment. By devising a strategy to supply that Towson, MD 21252-0001 information through a web-based reference tool, cooperating institutions t. 410 830-2808 will present materials hitherto unavailable to researchers, both locally f 410 830-2810 and all across the country.

In fact, this project will provide a model which may be reproduced in other regions and for other subjects. Once the format is available through Internet, it will become a resource and inspiration for projects which seek to disseminate text combined with imagery via Internet. Therefore, this project has the potential for national contribution and recognition.

With this grant, The William Penn Foundation has an opportunity to fund a project which will become a local and national contribution to architectural resources. By supporting this effort, The William Penn Foundation can also provide leadership in the relevant use of Internet technology for research purposes.

I lend my support to this grant proposal and hope that The William Penn Foundation will give serious consideration to the proposal.

Sincerely yours,

_ I l[,c; J/i rCa -. ]LL.r?X 6&Z, Sandra L. Tatman PAB Steering Committee PHILADELPHIA HISTORICAL COMMISSION One Parkway 1515 Arch Street, 13th Floor CITY OF PHILADELPHIA Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19102 683-4590 Fax 683-4594

WAYNE S. SPILOVE Chairman RICHARD TYLER, Ph.D. Historic Preservation Officer

12 April 1999

Dr. Janet Haas, President The William Penn Foundation Two Logan Square - 11th Floor 100 North 18th Street Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19103-2757

Dear Dr. Haas:

I should like to recommend the awarding of a grant from the William Penn Foundation to The Athenaeum of Philadelphia and the University of Pennsylvania Architectural Archives for the Philadelphia Architects and Building Project.

For two decades The Athenaeum has focused its public programming on architecture and design. This has resulted in the amassing of the most significant collection of architectural drawings, images and publications in this region and one of the most important ones in the nation. In 1985, it also yielded the Biographical Dictionary of Philadelphia Architects: 1700-1930, the principal reference work in this field for Philadelphia and environs.

At the Historical Commission, we routinely consult the Dictionary and regularly draw upon and refer others to The Athenaeum’s collections and staff. Despite the value of the Dictionary, limitations inhere in it. The constraints of print necessarily require authors to make informed judgments on the inclusion and thus by implication the omission of information in a book. In addition, the organization of the Dictionary by architect prevents searching by address, the basis of the Historical Commission’s files. With its emphasis on architects and a terminal date of 1930, the Dictionary does not include the builders who actually designed and constructed much of Philadelphia and ignores our significant recent past. The Dictionary could not contain all the supporting documentation at The Athenaeum or the other repositories, such as the Library Company, the Historical Society, the Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission and the Philadelphia Historical Commission, which hold a great body of documentation on vernacular architecture. Any printed work, particularly one as encyclopedic as the Dictionary, contains errors and obviously cannot reflect the scholarship conducted after it went to press. All of these characteristics not only inhibit ready access to important information but also skew the formulation of research questions. The Philadelphia Architects and Buildings Project offers a solution that addresses these limitations through institutional collaboration, a modem, flexible Dr. Janet Haas 12 April 1999 page two medium and the Internet.

Currently these huge and diverse holdings reside in scattered repositories. Notwithstanding the responsiveness of the staffs of the participating institutions, this, too, limits access for many scholars, students, architects, interested laypersons and agencies such as the Historical Commission. The implementation of the Philadelphia Architects and Buildings Project will make this vast body of information available to more persons without geographical constraints at all hours. This should result in the more effective use of staff at the institutions by markedly reducing the time spent responding to written and telephonic inquiries. The Project also has conservation ramifications, for access to the collections on-line will limit the need for the actual handling of often fragile materials.

I think the commitment by The Athenaeum and the University to maintain the project after the period funded by grants important. This assures the continued growth of the data base, a major objective of the undertaking. Moreover, the record of these institutions demonstrates that this is no empty promise.

I strongly urge the support of the Philadelphia Architects and Buildings Project by The William Penn Foundation.

Thank you for your consideration of the Project application and of this letter.

Yours truly,

Richard Tyler Historic Preservation Officer Appendix G Resumes of Key Personnel

Bruce Laverty

Dr. Roger W. Moss

Julia Moore Converse

Dr. Sandra L. Tatman

Walter R. Rice, R & R Computer Consultants

William Whitaker

Dr. Emily Cooperman

Nancy A. Holst BRUCE LAVERTY 464 VAN KIRK STREET PHILADELPHIA, PA 19120 h. 215-725-9519 w. 215-925-2688 [email protected]

EXPERIENCE:

December 1985- GLADYS BROOKS CURATOR OF ARCHITECTURE Present ATHENAEUM OF PHILADELPHIA 219 SOUTH 6TH STREET PHILADELPHIA, PA 19 106 2 15-925-2688 Responsible for oversight of Athenaeum’s collection of 180,000 historic architectural drawings, 50,000 photographs and associated manuscripts. Supervised transition from manual cataloging to on- line access through RLIN and Internet. Initiated digital imaging of collections. Provide reference services for researchers in the decorative arts and architectural library as well as the archives. Manage collection development operations, including grant writing. Serve as registrar of loans. Prepare exhibits, conduct tours, supervise grant-funded staff, volunteers and interns.

1995-present LECTURER-GRADUATE HISTORY DEPARTMENT RUTGERS UNIVERSITY, CAMDEN CAMPUS Courses taught include: Archives and Records Management Planning, Preservation and Public History

1993-1998 CATALOGER, EDITOR & GUEST CURATOR Monument to Philanthropy, the Design and Building of Girard College, 1832-1848, 150th Anniversary Exhibition at Founder’s Hall BRUCE LAVERTY

EXPERIENCE (Cont’d)

July 1985 ASSISTANT ARCHIVIST February 1989 CIGNA CORPORATION Part time position at insurance company archives.

November 1983- CATALOGER, ARCHITECTURAL RECORDS December 1985 ATHENAEUM OF PHILADELPHIA Completed 2-year National Historical Publications and Records Commission (NHPRC) project to arrange and describe the Athenaeum’s collection of 40,000 architectural drawings, published in Catalog of Architectural Drawings Athenaeum of Philadelphia, G.K. Hall, Boston, 1986. Duties included the processing and initial conservation of 19th and 20th century drawings as well as associated prints, photos, manuscripts and business records. Initiated use of computer for architectural cataloging, finding aid production and inventory control.

July 1980- MANUSCRIPTS LIBRARIAN October 1983 HISTORICAL SOCIETY OF PENNSYLVANIA Duties included accessioning, conservation, and processing of manuscripts, prints, maps, photos and broadsides. Prepared inventories of major collections. Provided reference service, prepared exhibits, conducted tours, and staffed Society’s mobile “History Booth. "

May 1979- ASSISTANT DIRECTOR February 1980 NORTHWEST PHILADELPHIA HISTORIC SITE SURVEY LA SALLE COLLEGE Participated in State-funded project to locate, research, and photograph buildings eligible for National Register nomination. BRUCE LAVERTY

EDUCATION

1982 MODERN ARCHIVES INSTITUTE Received Colonial Dames Scholarship to training program sponsored by the National Archives, Washington, DC

1978 PHILADELPHIA CITY ARCHIVES Internship

1975-79 LA SALLE COLLEGE BA History, 1979

BOARD/COMMITTEE AFFILIATIONS

1997- Chairman, Selection Committee Ireland’s Heritage Preservation Foundation

1996- Chairman, Imaging Subcommittee Philadelphia Area Consortium of Special Collections Libraries (PACSCL)

1996- Historical Buildings and Collections Committee Board of Managers, Girard College

1994- Historical Resources Advisory Committee Philadelphia Archdiocesan Historical Research Center

1992- Board of Directors Whosoever Gospel Mission and Rescue Home, Philadelphia

1988-90 Editorial Committee, Philadelphia Architect, Newsletter of Philadelphia Chapter of American Institute of Architects

1984- Juror - Charles E. Peterson Prize, Historic American Buildings Survey

19751993 Board of Directors Old York Road Christian Endeavor

PROFESSIONAL AFFILIATIONS Society of American Archivists Mid-Atlantic Region Archives Conference Delaware Valley Archivists Group Society of Architectural Historians Association for Preservation Technology BRUCE LAVERTY

PUBLISHED WORKS:

1998 Author - Monument to Philanthropy: The Design and Building of Girard College, 1832-l 848, with Michael J. Lewis and Michele Taillon Taylor, Girard College

1995 Foreword - The Philadelphia Orchestra: A Search for a Home, Irvin R. Glazer, Sutter House

1994 Foreword - Philadelphia Theaters: A Pictorial Architectural History, Irvin R. Glazer, Dover Publications

1994 Author- Girard College Architectural Collections, Athenaeum of Philadelphia

1992 Author- Architecture Exposed: Drawings from the Museum Loan Program of the Pew Charitable Trusts- Exhibition Handlist

1986 Compiler - Catalog of Architectural Drawings Athenaeum of Philadelphia, G.K. Hall, Boston

1985 Prepared research materials for Using Historical Documents, published by the Historical Society of Pennsylvania

EXHIBITIONS:

1998 Monument to Philanthropy: The Design and Building of Girard College, 1832-1848 (Awarded Preservation Achievement Award by Preservation Alliance for Greater Philadelphia)

1995 Victorian Chestnut Street: Commercial Philadelphia as Illustrated by Baxter ‘s Panoramic Business Directory

1994 Behind the Marquee: Philadelphia Theater Buildings, 1900-1932

1993 Three Country Houses: The Architectural Patronage of E. T. Stotesbury

1992 Architecture Exposed: Drawings from the Pew Charitable Trusts Museum Loan Program

1987 Views of Independence : Selected Images from the Athenaeum ‘s Collection documenting Old Philadelphia BRUCE LAVERTY

LECTURES / PAPERS GIVEN:

1998 : Nicola D ‘Ascenzo, Philadelphia ‘s Stained Glass Giant America Italy Society, Union League

Monument to Philanthropy: An Architectural Exhibition I65 Years in the Making Exhibition Opening, Girard College

The Philadelphia Story: Regional Efforts Toward an Internet-based Architectural Resource International Conference of Architectural Museums Edinburgh, Scotland

Mr. Walter Comes to Chester County: The Architectural Legacy of Thomas Ustick Walter in West Chester Chester County Courthouse, Sesquicentennial Celebration

Getting Started: Theoretical and Practical Issues in Establishing Archives Joint Workshop sponsored by Delaware Valley Archivists Croup and Preservation Alliance of Greater Philadelphia, Balch Institute

1993- 1997 (highlights only)

The Birth and Growth of an Architectural Archives Art Librarians Society of North America, (ARLIS/NA) Philadelphia, 1997

Have You Got the Blues? - The Care and Handling of Architectural Materials Workshop sponsored by Conservation Center for Art & Historic Artifacts Athenaeum of Philadelphia, 1995

From the Ecole to the Parkway, the Influence of France on Architectural Design in Philadelphia, lecture and tour Co-sponsored by the Athenaeum, and the Philadelphia Maritime Museum Philadelphia, 1994

A New Home for the Philadelphia Orchestra: An Old Idea Philadelphia Theater Buildings Symposium Franklin Hall, American Philosophical Society, Philadelphia 1994

Taming the 500 Pound Gorilla, the Care and Feeding of Oversize Archival Materials Society of American Archivists, New Orleans, 1993 BRUCE LAVERTY

GRANT EXPERIENCE

In addition to the programs listed below I have served as reader for National Endowment for the Humanities, National Endowment for the Arts and Ford Foundation grant proposals since 1989.

Pew Charitable Trusts Museum Loan Program, 1990-91 Prepared proposal; Served as project director; Prepared final report Initiative for the 1990’s, 1991-1996 Assisted in proposal preparation; Served as Project Director Assisted in final report preparation PACSCL-On-line Public Access Catalog 1998-99 Currently overseeing installation of Athenaeum OPAC hardware and software

William Penn Foundation Planning grant for Philadelphia Architects and Builders Project, 1998 Project Coordinator, Assembled Advisory Committee of Representatives of 15 local institutions

Institute for Museum Services Conservation of “Old Master ” Architectural Drawings, 1989 Administrator of Grant; Wrote Final Report

National Endowment for the Arts Cataloging of Girard College Architectural Drawings, I993 Wrote Proposal; Served as Principal Investigator; Wrote Final Report

Monument to Philanthropy, Exhibition, Conservation, Catalog, 1997-98 Wrote Proposal; Served as Guest Curator, Editor

Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission Monument to Philanthropy, Exhibition, 1997 Wrote Proposal; Served as Guest Curator

Graham Foundation for Advanced Studies in the Arts Monument to Philanthropy, Catalog, I99 7 Wrote Proposal; Edited, Co-authored published exhibition catalog ROGER W. MOSS

Office Office:

The Athenaeum of Philadelphia 102 Hopkinson House, East Washington Square, S. Washington Sq., Philadelphia, PA 19106-3794 Phila., PA 19106 (215) 925-2688 (215) 925-8367 e mail: [email protected]

Born: Zanesville, Ohio Married; two adult children

Education:

University of Delaware, Ph.D. (Early American History), 1972

National Trust Summer School, Attingham Park, England, 1966

Ohio University, M.A. (Political Thought, History, English), 1964

Ohio University, BSED (Government, History), 1963

Professional Positions:

Executive Director, The Athenaeum of Philadelphia, 1968-present

Adjunct Associate Professor of Architecture, Historic Preservation Program, Graduate School of Fine Arts, University of Pennsylvania, 1981-present

Lecturer, Department of History, University of Maryland, 1967-68

Lecturer, Department of History, University of Delaware, 1966-68

Curator of Rare Books, Ohio University, 1964

Peace corps Staff, Cameroons I, 1962-63

Professional Activities (national and international):

British Cathedrals and Historic Churches Foundation, Secretary-Treasurer, Board Of Directors, 1996-present

Board of Directors, Research Libraries Group, Inc., Mountain View, California, 1993-1996

Representative, Membership Libraries Group, 1992- present

Board of Directors or officer (Treasurer, Secretary), The Victorian Society in America, 1969-1988

Board of Directors, Historic House Association of America, Washington, DC, 1978-1983 Representative, International Conference of Architectural Museums, 1980-present

Professional Activities: (regional):

Board of Directors, Conservation Center for Art and Historic Artifacts, 1984-1996 (Chairman of Board, 1993-1995)

Board of Trustees, Christopher Ludwick Foundation, 1969-present (Secretary, 1989-present)

Executive Committee, Philadelphia Area Consortium of Special Collection Libraries, 1989-1994

Board of Directors, Philadelphia Area cultural Consortium, 1977-1982 (Treasurer, 1979-1981)

Board of Directors, Museum Council of Philadelphia, 1976-1978

Professional Activities:(local):

"Committee of 100" Free Library of Philadelphia Centennial, 1990-1993

Hopkinson House Council, 1982-1993 (Secretary, 1985-1993)

Board of Directors, Woodlands [National Historic Landmark), 1989-present

Cliveden Council, National Trust for Historic Preservation, 1974-1981; 1984- 1986 [National Historic Landmark]

Board of Directors, Harriton House Association, 1969-1981 (National Historic Landmark]

Board of Directors, Franklin Inn Club, 1976-1979

Memberships: (in addition to those mentioned above):

Fellow, Royal Society of Arts (UK) : Society of Architectural Historians; Association for Pres. Tech., Furniture History Society (UK); Historical Society of Pennsylvania; Victorian Society (UK); Library Company of Philadelphia: Rushlight club

Publications: (short list of books):

Paint in America, editor (Washington, DC, Preservation Press, 1994).

The American Country House (New York, Henry Holt & Co., 1990).

Lighting for Historic Buildings (Washington, DC, Preservation Press, 1988).

Victorian Exterior Decoration (New York, Henry Holt & Co., 1987), with Gail Caskey Winkler. Paperback edition, 1992.

Victorian Interior Decoration (New York, Henry Holt & Co., 1986), with Gail Caskey Winkler. Paperback edition, 1992.

Philadelphia (Dublin, NH, Foremost, 1986), with Robert Llewellyn.

Biographical Dictionary of Philadelphia Archtiects, 1700-1930 (Boston, G. K. Hall, 1985), with Sandra Tatman.

Century of Color: Exterior Decoration for American Buildings, 1820-1920 (Watkins Glen, American Life Foundation, 1981).

Master Builders: A History of the Colonial Philadelphia Building Trades (Ann Arbor, MI, University Microfilms. 1972).

Publications pending:

Museum Houses of Philadelphia and vicinity Phila., University of Pennsylvania Press, 1997).

Philadelphia Victorian: The Building of the Athenaeum (Phila., The Athenaeum, 1997).

Articles and lectures too numerous to list: Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians; Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography; Antiques; Yirginin Magazine of History and Biography; Washington Post; New York Times; Historic Preservation; Old House Journal; Victorian Homes; Nineteenth Century; etc,; lectures at National Trust annual meetings; SAH, ART and VSA annual meetings; Williamsburg Antiques Forum; Mid-West Antiques Forum; Smithsonian; Building History Museum, etc. JULIA MOORE CONVERSE

University of Pennsylvania Graduate School of Fine Arts 50 West Springfield Avenue 102 Meyerson Hall Philadelphia, PA 19 118 Philadelphia, PA 19 104-63 11 (2 15) 247-0887 (215) 898-8738; fax (215) 573-4032 email: [email protected] http://www.upenn.edu/gsfa/archives/archives.html

Professional Experience Graduate School of Fine Arts, University of PennsyIvania, Philadelphia, PA Assistant Dean, March 1997-present Executive Committee, March 1997-present Architectural Archives of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA Director, 1987-present Curator, Louis I. Kahn Collection, 1984-present National Gallery of Art, Washington, DC Museum Curator, Department of Graphic Arts, 1972-74 University of Pennsylvania Archaeological Expedition to Gravina di Puglia, Italy Research Assistant, 1971. Director: Dr. George Bass Fogg Art Museum, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA Curatorial Assistant, Print Department, 1968- 1970

Publications The Architectural Archives of the University of Pennsylvania: A Guide to the Collections. Forthcoming.

“Collecting by Design: The Architectural Archives of the University of Pennsylvania.” Proceedings of the Eighth Congress of the International Confederation of Architectural Museums. New York, 1998.

Contributing author, Louis I. Kahn: In the Realm of Architecture, co-authors David B. Brownlee and David G. De Long, New York: Rizzoli, 199 1. (Awarded the Society of Architectural Historians Architectural Exhibition Catalogue Award, 1993). French language edition, Paris: Centre Georges Pompidou, 1992. Japanese language edition: Tokyo, Delphi Research Inc., 1992. Italian language edition, Milan, RCS Libri e Grandi Gpere S.p.A., 1995.

Contributing author, The Louis I. Kahn Archive: Personal Drawings (7 volumes), New York: Garland Publishing, Inc., 1987. Reprinted 1990

Contributing author, Drawing Toward Building: Philadelphia Architectural Graphics, 1732-1986, Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press for the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts, 1986

Recent Presentations 9th Congress of the International Confederation of Architectural Museums (ICAM), Edinburgh, Scotland. Upcoming June 1998. “Regional Efforts Toward making Architectural Collections Accessible via the World Wide Web.” 26th Annual Conference of the Art Libraries Society of North America (ARLIS), Philadelphia, PA. March 1998 “New Technologies in Landmark Libraries.” 8th Congress of the International Confederation of Architectural Museums (ICAM), New York, NY. May 1996 American Association of Museums, National Convention, Philadelphia, PA. May 1995 National Endowment for the Arts, Design Arts Program, Washington, DC. November 1994 Library of Congress, Interpretation Committee, Washington, DC. November 1994 Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission, Harrisburg, PA. April 1994 Exhibitions Julia Moore Converse

Exhibitions Master Drawings: Selectionsfrom the Permanent Collection. Kroiz Gallery, Architectural Archives of the University of Pennsylvania (January 1999-March 1999)

The Legacy of Frank Miles Day. Kroiz Gallery, Architectural Archives of the University of Pennsylania (March- April, 1998).

Louis I. Kahn: Early Works. Kroiz Gallery, Architectural Archives of the University of Pennsylania (January-March, 1998).

Recent Acquisitions in the Architectural Archives. Kroiz Gallery, Architectural Archives of the University of Pennsylvania (December, 1996-May, 1997). Curator

TAKING PLACE: A Celebration of Travel through Drawings, Paintings, and Photographs. Kroiz Gallery, Architectural Archives of the University of Pennsylvania (May-September, 1996). Curator

Louis I. Kahn Master Drawings A Memorial Tribute to Esther Israeli Kahn. Kroiz Gallery, Architectural Archives of the University of Pennsylvania (Spring 1996). Curator

Body and Building: A Tribute to Joseph Rykwert. Meyerson Gallery, Graduate School of Fine Arts (March 1996). Collaborating curator

The Right Stuff. Kroiz Gallery, Architectural Archives of the University of Pennsylvania (July-December, 1995). Curator

Portraits of Cogslea: Violet Oakley, Jessie Willcox Smith and Elizabeth Shippen Green. Chestnut Hill Historical Society (March-May 1995). Curator

G. Holmes Perkins, Architect. Kroiz Gallery, Architectural Archives of the University of Pennsylvania. (January- May 1995). Curator (cont’d)

Graced Places: The Architecture of Wilson Eyre. Arthur ROSS Gallery, University of Pennsylvania. (March-May 1994). Project director

Wilson Eyre in Chestnut Hill: The Evolution of a Style. Chestnut Hill Historical Society, Philadelphia. (April- September 1994). Project director

Louis I. Kahn: In the Realm of Architecture. Philadelphia Museum of Art, Centre Georges Pompidou, Paris, The Museum of Modem Art, New York, The Museum of Modem Art, Gunma, Japan, The Museum of Contemporary Art, Los Angeles, Kimbell Art Museum, Fort Worth, Texas, Wexner Center for the Arts, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio. (October 1991 - February 1994). Member of organizing team and contributor to catalogue co- authored by Dr. David B. Brownlee and Dr. David G. De Long

Tracing Architecture Meyerson Gallery, University of Pennsylvlania. (Fall 1993). Curator

Alfred Bendiner: Artist and Architect. Kroiz Gallery, University of Pennsylvania. (May - September 1992). Curator

George Howe: The Architect’s Progress. Chestnut Hill Historical Society, Philadelphia. (October - December 1991). Project director Exhibitions (cont 'd) Julia Moore Con verse

100 For 100: A Century of Achievement at the Graduate School of Fine Arts of the University of Pennsylvania. Arthur Ross Gallery and Meyerson Galleries, University of Pennsylvania (Fall 1990). Exhibition curator

Friedrich Weinbrenner, Architect of Karlsruhe: Drawings from the Architectural Archives of the University of Pennsylvania, Arthur Ross Gallery, University of Pennsylvania (Fall 1986); Prinz-Max-Palais, Karlsruhe, Germany; Busch-Reisinger Museum, Harvard University; The Art Institute of Chicago; Octagon Museum, Washington, DC; Canadian Centre for Architecture, Montreal. Exhibit co-curator (With David B. Brownlee)

Louis I. Kahn: Drawings and Models for the Memorial to the Six Million Jewish Martyrs. Kroiz Gallery, University of Pennsylvania, 1986. Curator

Marco Frascari: Disegni. Cret Gallery, University of Pennsylvania, 1986. Curator

Drawings and Watercolors by Lee G. Copeland. Cret Gallery, University of Pennsylvania, 1985. Curator

Louis I. Kahn: Three Libraries. Kroiz Gallery, University of Pennsylvania, 1985. Curator

Mario Romanach: Selected Work. Cret Gallery, University of Pennsylvania, 1985. Exhibition Curator

John Blatteau Associates: Recent Work. Cret Gallery, University of Pennsylvania, 1985. Exhibition Curator

Recent Acquisitions of the Architectural Archives. Cret Gallery, University of Pennsylvania, 1984. Curator

The Architect’s Design: Drawings, Models, and Manuscripts from the Architectural Archives of the University of Pennsylvania. Arthur Ross Gallery, University of Pennsylvania, 1984. Curator

Drawings by Geddes Brecher Qualls Cunningham. Cret Gallery, University of Pennsylvania, 1983. Curator

The Graphic Work of James Abbott McNeil1 Whistler and Seymour Hayden. Fogg Art Museum, Harvard University, 1970. Curator

Education Smith College, Northampton, MA A.B. 1967 Advanced studies in Renaissance art, Florence, Italy, 1967. Director: James D. Holderbaum. L’Ecole du Louvre and 1’Institut d’Art et d’Architecture, Paris, France. 19651966

Professional Memberships and Activities Society of Architectural Historians, Chicago, IL, 1988-present Member, Nominating Committee, 1998-present Member, Development Committee, 1998-present Chair, Architectural Catalogue Award Committee, 1994-95 Local co-chairman (with Dr. David B. Brownlee), International conference, May 1994 International Confederation of Architectural Museums, 1982-present Arthur Ross Gallery Resource and Oversight Committee, Philadelphia, PA, 1994-1997

Communitv Activities Conservation Center for Art and Historic Artifacts, Philadelphia, PA, Board of Directors, 1996-present Nominating and Stewardship Committees, 1996-present The Abraham Lincoln Foundation of the Union League of Philadelphia, Trustee, 1996-present Ulysses S. Grant Event, Chair, 1998 Collections Committee, 1996-present Communitv Activities, (cont 'd) Julia Moore Converse

The Wyck Association, Philadelphia, PA, Board of Directors, 1993-present Executive Board, 1995present Wyck-Strickland Preservation Award Committee, 1992-present; Chair, 1994-present Chestnut Hill Historical Society, Philadelphia, PA Advisory Board, 1995-present Board of Directors, 1989-1995 Vice-President, 1992- 1995 Chair, Program Committee, 1992- 1995 Chair, Exhibition Committee, 1991-1995 Philadelphia Art Alliance, Art and Craft: Expressions of Contemporary Ireland, Exhibition committee, 1994 Cosmopolitan Club of Philadelphia, 1985-present Nominating Committee, 1993-1996 Arts and Interests Committee, 1988-92 Philadelphia Cricket Club, 1983-present Louis I. Kahn Park, Benefit Committee, 1989-1994 Smith College Club of Philadelphia, Board of Directors. Four terms, 1981-1985 Sandra L. Tatman 901 Baylor Drive Newark, DE 19711 (302) 453-9306

Education: Ph.D. Art History, University of Delaware. Dissertation: "Philadelphia and the Rhetoric of Modernism: Prelude to PSFS." M.A. Art History, University of Oregon. Thesis: "The Architecture of Mellor & Meigs." M.L.S University of Oregon. B.A. English, university of Delaware. Employment: summer, 1994-present, Adjunct Instructor, Art Department, Towson State University, Towson, MD courses : Survey I and 111 Modern Architecture, Roman Art and Architecture; Writing about Art Spring, 1993-present, Adjunct Instructor, Humanities Department, Widener University, Chester, PA courses: History of Art II: Renaissance to Modem; American Architecture; American Art; American Painting in the Grand Manner; American Sculpture; History of Architecture; Modern American Painting and Sculpture. 1987-1996, Adjunct Instructor, Department of Art History, University of Delaware, Dover, Wilmington and Newark Campuses courses: Monuments and Methods in the History of Art; History of Architecture; Design and Expression in the Visual Arts; Survey of the History of Art II: Renaissance to Modern; American Art 1991-1995, Humanist, Delaware Institute for the Arts in Education 1984/85; 1993/94, Instructor, University of the Arts, Philadelphia, PA course: History of Western Architecture 1978-1985, Architectural Librarian/curator of Architectural Drawings, The Athenaeum of Philadelphia Grants and Honors: Robert T. Silver Award (1991), Department of Art History, University of Delaware Henry Luce Foundation Fellowship (1989-1990)administered by the Department of Art History, University of Delaware Victorian society in America Sumner School in Newport Scholarship (1988) University Fellowships University of Delaware (1986/87; 1988/89) Women of Excellence Award, University of Delaware (1987) Publications: "Paul P. Cret, " "George Howe, " "Horace Trumbauer," in American National Biography, Oxford University Press, forthcoming. The Biographical Dictionary of Philadelphia Architects. Boston: G. K. Ball, 1985 (co-author, with Roger W. Moss) "Milton B. Medary," in AIA Gold Medal Winners, ed. by Richard Guy Wilson. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1984. "Architectural Records in the Small Repository," Proceedings of the AIA Foundation Conference, "Toward Standards for Architectural Archives," February, 1984.

Guest Lectures and Scholarly Papers: "Modernistic Architecture in Philadelphia Before PSFS: The Philadelphia Skyscraper," Buehl Center, Columbia University, April, 1990 "Thoroughly Modern Colonial: Three Philadelphia Skyscrapers," Society of Architectural Historians Annual Meeting, Boston, March, 1990. "Philadelphia's D'Ascenzo Studio: Arts and Crafts Themes in Stained Glass," Coming Museum Symposium on Glass, October, 1989. "Mellor & Meigs: Wall Street Pastorale.'" Philadelphia Chapter, Society of Architectural Historians, Way, 1988. "The D'Ascenzo Studios in Washington, DC: Stained Glass for All," Society of Architectural Historians, Annual Meeting, Washington, DC, 1986. "Art Nouveau Themes in Stained Glass: The D'Ascenzo Studios," Victorian Society Annual Symposium, 1985. "The D'Ascenzo Stained Glass Studio in Philadelphia and Its Competitors," society of Architectural Historians, Annual Meeting, Minneapolis, 1984. "From the Garden to the Parkway: Jacques Greber and the Philadelphia Connection," Society of Architectural Historians, Annual Meeting, Phoenix, AZ, 1983. "Architectural Records and Technology," Society of American Archivists, Annual Meeting, Boston, 1982. "Mellor, Meigs & Howe and the Eclectic Tradition in the Delaware Valley," Winterthur Symposium on the Colonial Revival Garden, 1982. "Cataloging Architectural Drawings," AIA Symposium on Architectural Records, February, 1981. "Paul P. Cret and the Detroit Institute of Arts," society of Architectural Historians, Annual Meeting, Madison, WI, 1980. Professional Activities: Board, Census of Stained Glass Windows in America, 1991-1994. President, Philadelphia Chapter, Society of Architectural Historians, 1982-1984; 1992-1994. Vice-President, Philadelphia Chapter, Society of Architectural Historians, 1980-1982; 1990-92. Member, Historic Designation Committee City of Philadelphia, PA, 1985-present. Moderator, Architecture Special Interest Group, ARLIS/NA. Annual Meeting, Philadelphia, 1983. Chair, "Architectural Records and Technology," society of Architectural Historians, Annual Meeting, New Haven, CT, 1982.

RECOMMENDATIONS: Dr. Damie Stillman, Chair Dr. Ilene Lieberman Department of Art History Humanities Department University of Delaware Widener University Newark DE 19717 Kapelski Hall office: (302) 831-8415 One University Place Home: (410) 669-3560 Chester, PA 19013 Office: (610) 499-4341 Dr. William I. Homer Department of Art History University of Delaware Newark, DE 19717 Office: (302) 831-8415 Walter R. Rice 359 Gilham St. • Philadelphia, PA 19111 Consultant, R&R Computer Solutions (215) 742-2168 • [email protected]

Education

University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA (1996-present) School of Engineering and Applied Science Computer Science and Engineering

Experience

The Athenaeum of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA (1996-present) Provided consulting and support for computer systems, including imaging hardware and software and the local area network. Developed Lotus Notes Domino database for the Roman Catholic Building Database, and developed the world wide web interface to this database.

Feith Systems and Software, Fort Washington, PA (1996-present) Worked primarily with Feith’s high-end imaging and document database solutions. Developed software integration between Feith’s document database and financial applications, including Oracle Accounts Payable and SAP R/3. Served as a Lotus Notes system administrator, responsible for user maintenance and support, as well as application modification and design.

Philadelphia Archdiocesan Historical Research Center, Wynnewood, PA (1998-present) Designed and supervised installation of multiple computers and local area network.

Tasty Baking Company, Philadelphia, PA (1995-present) Developed and implemented custom field equipment tracking software, including incident and service histories for use by multiple users.

WAWA Bakery (1998-present) Developed customer service application to improve response time and tracking of product and delivery problems.

Other Consulting Activities § LAN design and installation. § Commercial web site development.

Skills

Programming Languages: proficient in Microsoft Visual Basic, Microsoft Access, C (UNIX platforms), Java, Oracle PL/SQL, and Lotus Notes Domino application development.

Business Application Software: proficient with Microsoft Office and most Microsoft applications, Lotus SmartSuite, and Lotus Notes. WILLIAM WHITAKER 6904 Wissahickon Avenue Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19 119 (215) 417-2628 home (215) 898-8323 work

EDUCATION: Master of Architecture University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania August 1996

Bachelor of Arts in Architecture University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico May 1993

EXPERIENCE: Collections Manager Architectural Archives of the University of Pennsylvania February 1997 to present Responsible for the day-to-day activities of the Architectural Archives. Directs the work of 10 part-time research assistants. Directs the Architectural Archives / Venturi, Scott Brown and Associates internship program. Responsible for space planning within archival storage facility. Arrange, describe and house significant collections including the Lawrence Halprin Collection, the Mitchell / Giurgola Collection, and the Samuel Yellin Collection. Installation designer for the traveling exhibition Visions and Paradox: The Work of Robert LeRicolais venues in Madrid, Lausanne, Aarhus and Stockholm.

Research Assistant Architectural Archives of the University of Pennsylvania September 1993 to February 1997 Participated in the implementation of the Preservation Needs Assessment Program which rehoused the Archive’s extensive Wilson Eyre Collection. Assisted in the design and installation of the exhibit, Graced Places: The Architecture of Wilson Eye. Improved storage facilities through design and implementation of a space planning and utilization project.

HONORS: Dales Traveling Fellowship Department of Architecture, University of Pennsylvania May 1994

Dean of Students Award for Community Service University of New Mexico April 1992

ACTIVITIES: Vice President and Alumni Chair Sigma Alpha Epsilon Fraternity, University of New Mexico Two time delegate to the national Leadership School of the Sigma Alpha Epsilon Fraternity EMILY T. COOPERMAN 95 15 Germantown Avenue Philadelphia, PA 19 118-2642 (215) 247-6787

EDUCATION

University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

Ph.D. Candidate. Department of the Historv of Art. Concentration in early modem landscape, image, and architectural history. Department and teaching fellow, 1990- 1992. Teaching assistant, January 199 l-May 1992. Degree award anticipated May, 1999. Dissertation topic: “William Russell Birch (1755- 1834) and the Genesis of the American picturesque.” A study of the work of the artist, of the implications of his career in understanding the place of the arts in the society of the American early republic, and of the context that informed the creation of the first sets of picturesque views published in the United States.

M.S. in Historic Preservation. December. 1993. Concentration in landscape and architectural history and documentation. Department fellowship award, 1988- 1990. Thesis topic: “The Graperies and Grapes of Nicholas Biddle’s Andalusia: A study in Greek Revival Landscape Pursuits,” covering the history of the function and original configuration of monumental grape-growing greenhouses and their historical context

Amherst College, Amherst, Massachusetts

B.A.. Mav 1982. Double major in French and English. Junior year in Paris, France.

EXPERIENCE

George E. Thomas Associates, Inc., Philadelphia.

Principal, Historic Preservation Consulting Firm. December 1992-present. Historic Preservation consultant to individuals and institutions, providing analysis and planning services. Business manager for the firm. Current projects include history and survey for all campus buildings for Haverford College, Haverford, PA.

University of Pennsylvania Instructor. College of General Studies and Department of the History of Art. January 1995-present. Courses taught: History of Western Architecture, 1700- 1890; History of Modem Architecture, 1890-present; the History of the Country House; History of Western Art before 1400; History of Western Art after 1400. Emily T. Cooper-man - page 2

Editorial Assistant, Word & Image, Studies in the History of Gardens and Designed Landscapes, University of Pennsylvania Press Landscape History and Theory book series, January 1996-present. Editorial Assistant to John Dixon Hunt, Chair, Landscape Architecture and Regional Planning, University of Pennsylvania, for two scholarly journals and book series. Duties include manuscript review and editing, correspondence with authors, book reviews.

Coordinator, Universitv Art Cataloguing Project. January 1995-July 1996. Supervision and coordination of graduate student team members in cataloguing, conditions assessment, measuring, and background research on works of art belonging to the University, including paintings by important artists such as Gilbert Stuart, Charles Willson Peale, John Singer Sargent, and Thomas Sully.

Stenton Museum, Philadelphia

Executive Director. May 1992-June 1995. Chief administrator for 1730 national historic landmark house museum, the home of James Logan, William Penn’s colonial administrator. Supervision of site, outstanding collection of early American decorative arts, and functions under direction of board.

Philadelphia College of Textiles and Science

Lecturer. January 1994 - January 1995. Taught courses in history of art and architecture.

Philadelphia Museum of Art, Philadelphia

Gallery lecturer - spotlight tours. 1991-1992. Subjects covered: paintings by Thomas Eakins and Henri Rousseau and the architecture of Louis I. Kahn.

Clio Group Inc., Philadelphia

Researcher. August 1989-Fall 1990. Research and writing in architectural and landscape history for preservation consulting firm. Projects worked on include writing of history of all buildings of the University of Pennsylvania campus, and Historic Structures Report for Lighthouse Keeper’s House, Havre de Grace, Maryland. Duties included preparation of documentation for certification of rehabilitation projects by the National Park Service, assistance in preparation of nominations for the National Register of Historic Places. Emily T. Cooperman - page 3

The University of the Arts, Philadelphia

Assistant Registrar August 1986-August 1988. Certifier of progress towards and completion of degree requirements, student counselling, transfer credit evaluations for all students, coordinator for east coast art school exchange program, foreign study coordinator, formulation of Registrar’s office and records policy.

The Baltimore Museum of Art, Baltimore, Maryland

Coordinator. “Maryland Biennial 1985: Painting, and Sculpture." Spring 1985-July 1986. Oversight of all aspects of major juried exhibition open to Maryland artists, including catalogue production, managing receipt and retrieval of works, liaison with artists and jurors, exhibition installation,

Assistant. Installation Department May 1984-July 1986. Participation in all aspects of Museum display preparation, both in-house and exhibitions travelling to major museums. Installation of temporary exhibitions and permanent displays, including hanging paintings. Design, fabrication, and editing copy for labels. Primary responsibility for permanent collection display, and for all Museum labelling. Supervision of six-person department under coordinator.

Assistant to the Registrars: Curatorial Intern. September 1982-March 1984. Participated in major cataloguing project of all objects in collection, and in design and implementation of object records systems’ renovation; research in European decorative arts; installation of travelling exhibitions; condition assessment of paintings and sculpture; complete familiarity with professional art handling standards.

LECTURES. EXHIBITIONS. PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITIES

Vice-President, Board of Directors, Chestnut Hill Historical Society, Philadelphia. April 1998- present. Member, Board of Directors, 1996-present. Chair, programs committee, Summer 1997-present. Coordinator, "History and Nature Intertwine: the Valley of the Wissahickon,” Spring program series, 1998. Exhibition coordinator and co-curator, “Inn to Sdhool: the Wissahickon inn becomes the Chestnut Hill Academy,” Fall 1998. Tour author and lecturer on architectural history.

Co-Chair, Wyck-Strickland Award Dinner, 1998

“Houses for Dr. George Woodward: Chestnut Hill’s Remarkable Architectural Legacy,” Chestnut Hill Historical Society, February 23-May 18, 1997. Curator and designer of exhibition of original architectural drawings and period photographs and publications, Emily T. Cooperman - page 4

responsible for all labels and text panels, installation design and implementation, framing and matting.

“BuiIding America: Books that Influenced American Architecture before the Centennial,” University of Pennsylvania Libraries, Department of Special Collections, January-March, 1995. Curator of exhibition of rare books on architecture from the collection of the Fisher Fine Arts Library. Responsible for curatorial selection, generating labels, overall design of exhibition.

“Quaker Style and Ornament: Awbury in its Design Context,” Cope Family Reunion, Philadelphia, October 2, 1994. Lecture at public arboretum.

“Philadelphia’s Schuylkill River: From Country Seat to Rural Cemetery,” Society of Architectural Historians Annual Conference, April 30, 1994. Tour coordinator and guide for professional historians meeting.

“The Picturesque and the Beautiful: Landscape Style along the Schuylkill,” Ormiston Annual Meeting, Ormiston House, Philadelphia, May 1993. Lecture.

“The Graperies of Andalusia: Nicholas Biddle and the Greek Revival Landscape,” Winter Institute, Cliveden, Philadelphia, January 1993. Public lecture. Nancy Holst 858 N. 25th St. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (2 15) 232-9330

EDUCATION:

I993-Present UNIVERSITY OF DELAWARE NEWARK, DE Currently progressing with full fellowship toward an M.A. and ultimately a Ph.D. in art history. Research interests focus on nineteenth-century American architecture and art. Presented “The Wise Woman Buildeth Her House” at the University of Delaware Graduate Student Symposium in Art History, March, 1994.

1988-1992 WELLESLEY COLLEGE WELLESLEY, MA B.A. degree, Magna Cum Laude honors, May 1992. GPA: 3.8/4.0 Phi Beta Kappa Society. Architecture major; Art History minor. Awarded scholarship by Wellesley-in-Washington Internship Program: summer, I99 1 Awarded Stecher Scholarship and academic credit for travel and study of art and architecture in Italy: January, 1992. Varsity Cross-Country, l988- 1991. Seven Sisters Scholar-Athlete Award. Four-year Athlete Award.

Fall 1989 MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY CAMBRIDGE, MA Introduction to Architectural Design.

1984-1988 ST. PAUL CENTRAL HIGH SCHOOL ST. PAUL, MN Graduated with honors; ranked 5/395. National Merit Commended Scholar. Vice-President of Honor Society, 1987. Varsity cross-country and track, 1984-88; captain, 1987-88.

Summer 1987 UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA MINNEAPOLIS, MN Participated in Summer Honors Program for high school students; Building and Landscape Architectural Design.

WORK EXPERIENCE:

UNIVERSITY OF DELAWARE NEWARK, DE 1994-1995 Teaching Assistant. Instructed two weekly section meetings for the introductory art history survey course: facilitated discussion, met with students individually, graded papers and exams. 1993-1994 Research Assistant. Assisted Damie Stillman, Chair of art history and Coeditor-in-Chief of Buildings of the United States, with fund raising and coordination of this extensive 58-volume series on American architecture.

1992-1993 CORPORATE SYSTEMICS, INC. SAN DIEGO, CA Administrative Assistant: word processing and accounting.

1992-1993 SAN DIEGO HISTORICAL SOCIETY SAN DIEGO, CA Docent Guide: Marston House, a 1905 Arts and Crafts period home by Irving Gill.

ACADEMIC ASSISTANCE PROGRAM WELLESLEY, MA WELLESLEY COLLEGE 1991-1992 Student Program Coordinator. Supervised the interviewing, selection and training of peer tutors, coordinated tutoring schedules, handled publicity. 1990-1991 Academic Advisor. Tutored in art history and writing, conducted study skills workshops for dormitory residents, coordinated exam reviews and museum field trips.

Summer 1991 NATIONAL MUSEUM OF AMERICAN ART WASHINGTON, D.C. SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION Summer Intern. Performed research for the exhibition, “Revisiting the White City,” which examined American artists at the 1893 World’s Fair in Chicago. Utilized the libraries of the NMAA, the National Gallery of Art, and the Library of Congress; researched lesser-known artists and their works of art by tracing family trees and writing correspondence; compiled and organized information for exhibition catalog.