DOCSLIB.ORG

Tigerpaper 41-4.Pmd

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Tigerpaper 41-4.Pmd Regional Quarterly Bulletin on Wildlife and National Parks Management Vol. XLI : No. 4 2014 Featuring Vol. XXVIII : No. 4 Contents Human-tiger conflict in Sundarban Tiger Reserve and its mitigation through management strategies in India............. 1 Distribution and status of Pig-tailed macaque in Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh...........................................................10 Current status of wild olive in Bajura District of Nepal..........15 Vertebrate diversity of Lalpur Sub-District, Natore, Bangladesh.................................................................... 21 Annual migration of the gangetic dolphin and the fish Tenualosa: A correlation or coincidence? A report from the Barak River of Assam, India...................................... 30 Some notes on Rat snake (Ptyas mucosa)...........................32 REGIONAL OFFICE FOR ASIA AND THE PACIFIC Ten years since Indian Ocean Tsunami: Progress in TIGERPAPER is a quarterly news bulletin mitigating impacts of natural disasters...............................1 dedicated to the exchange of information New software for monitoring forest resources..................... 4 relating to wildlife and protected area Sixth World Parks Congress - Parks, People, Planet: management for the Asia-Pacific Region. Inspiring solutions........................................................... 5 Strengthening forest tenure for securing livelihoods and ISSN 1014 - 2789 generating income...........................................................6 GREEiNSECT................................................................ 8 Address. Forestry and climate change experts meet in Bangkok to pave the road to Paris..................................................... 9 TIGERPAPER EU FLEGT Week: Stakeholders discuss progress and look FAO Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific to the future................................................................... 13 Maliwan Mansion, Phra Atit Road UN REDD Phase II Programme in Vietnam supports Bangkok, 10200, Thailand sustainable forest management in State Forest Companies. 15 Tel: (662) 697-4000 FAO Asia-Pacific Forestry Calendar................................... 16 E-mail: [email protected] Website: http://www.fao.org/asiapacific/ rap/nre/links/tiger-paper/en/ Editor: Janice Naewboonnien Advisor: P. Durst TIGERPAPER is dependent upon your free and voluntary The opinions expressed by the contributions in the form of articles, news items, and announcements in contributing authors are not the field of wildlife and nature conservation in the region. In order to necessarily those of FAO. The better serve the n eeds of our readers please write to us and send in the designations employed and the information you have or let us know if there is any information that you presentation of the material in the need. We appreciate receiving your letters and make all efforts to TIGERPAPER do not imply the respond. expression of any opinion on the part Front cover: Royal Bengal tiger of Sundarban Tiger Reserve (Photo: of FAO concerning the legal or Courtesy of Prasanta Kumar Pandit) constitutional status of any country, Back cover: Fishing in Sundarban Tiger Reserve (Photo: Courtesy of territority or sea area, or the Prasanta Kumar Pandit ) delimitation of frontiers. Vol. 41: No. 4 2014 | Human-tiger conflict in Sundarban Tiger Reserve Human-tiger conflict in Sundarban Tiger HUMAN-TIGER CONFLICT IN SUNDARBAN TIGER RESERVE AND ITS MITIGATION THROUGH MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES IN INDIA by Prasanta Kumar Pandit | Introduction The areas where wild tigers can still survive are diminishing at an alarming rate, with tiger habitat he tiger was declared a threatened species now 7% of its historical extent (Sanderson et al., Tfacing extinction in 1969 and at that time the 2006). The remaining tiger habitat continues to be approximate number surviving in the world was depleted gradually through conversion of land and 10,000. In 1976, international trade in tigers and their increasing demand of forest-based natural resources body parts was banned with placement of tigers in from the fringe population (Linkie et al., 2003; Appendix – I of the Convention on International O’Brien and Kinnaird, 2007; Dinerstein et al., 2007), Trade in Endangered Species of Flora & Fauna where tiger habitat is still subjected to heavy biotic (CITES). Since then, every tiger range country pressure such as grazing, unsustainable resource (TRC) has banned the hunting of tigers and created use, encroachment and direct killing of tiger and its protected areas (PAs) in tiger habitats, but the tiger prey species, all of which threaten the tiger’s remains endangered on the IUCN Red list of survival (Barlow, 2009). In many tiger reserves, the threatened species. tiger’s future survival faces further difficulties due 111 Vol. 41: No. 4 2014 | to human-tiger conflicts manifested in the killing Study area of human beings as well as livestock. Causes of mortality other than natural for tigers may have a Sundarban Tiger Reserve is situated mostly within substantial impact on the long term viability of the 24-Parganas (South) and partly in 24-Parganas tiger population (Kenney et al., 1995). Human- (North) districts (Arbesi block) of West Bengal, tiger conflicts have already led to the extinction India, and is a part of the famous “Sundarbans”. of the Bali ( Panthera tigris balica) and Javan It falls a little south of the Tropic of Cancer and tiger (Panthera tigris sondaica) subspecies in lies between 21° 31’ & 22°31’ North Latitude and 1960s and 1970s respectively (Hoogerwerf, 1970; 88°10’ and 89°51’ East Longitude. Out of the total Seidensticker, 1987a) and threatens many of the forest area of 4,263 km2 of Indian Sundarbans an remaining populations in tiger range countries area of 2,585 km2 has been designated as (Nyhus and Tilson, 2004; Dinerstein et al., 2006). Sundarban Tiger Reserve with effect from 23 December 1973. Within this area, 1,330.12 km2 Tiger attacks are an extreme form of human– was declared as Sundarban National Park in 1984, wildlife conflict which occur for various reasons which was later declared as a World Heritage Site Human-tiger conflict in Sundarban Tiger Reserve Human-tiger conflict in Sundarban Tiger and have claimed more human lives than attacks by UNESCO in 1985. Outside the National Park, | by any of the other big cats. The most 362.33 km2 was declared as Sajnekhali Wildlife comprehensive study of deaths due to tiger attacks Sanctuary in 1976. In 2001, it was included in the estimates that at least 373,000 people died due to Global Network of Biosphere Reserves. tiger attacks between 1800 and 2009, the majority Sundarban Tiger Reserve is bounded by of these attacks occurring in South Asia. In Bangladesh in the east, South 24 Pargana Forest Southeast Asia, attacks gradually declined after Division in the west, fringe villages in the north peaking in the nineteenth century, but attacks in and the Bay of Bengal in the South (Fig-1). Many South Asia have remained high, particularly in the rivers, khals (streams) and creeks criss-cross the Sundarbans (Nyhus et al., 2010). As tigers in Asia area of Sundarban Tiger Reserve. Out of the total often live in close proximity to a large number of landscape approximately 65% is land mass and humans, tigers have killed more people than any 35% is water bodies. Sundarban Tiger Reserve other cat. Between 1876 and 1912, tigers killed has a necklace of 32 fringe villages at the northern 33,247 people in British India. In Sumatra Island and part of the western sides where the human- between 1978-1997, a total 146 people were killed tiger conflicts take a major toll. by tigers at an average 7.1 human deaths per year (Nyhus and Tilson, 2004). Human-tiger conflicts The management challenges of Sundarban Tiger in Nepal are also a serious conservation problem Reserve include a porous international boundary where 88 people were killed in Chitwan from 1970- with Bangladesh Sundarbans, illegal fishing, 2006 by tigers. It is interesting to note that the collection of crabs, honey and tiger prawn seeds, rate of human killing has increased from 1.2 human poaching of tiger prey species, increase of salinity, deaths per year (1976-1997) to 7.2 human deaths unstable land mass and inaccessibility, etc. (Pandit, per year from 1998-2006 (Gurung et al., 2008) in 2012). Nepal. The Sundarbans may have highest number of human fatalities caused by tiger attacks (Packer Historical trend of human-tiger conflicts et al., 2005). Future conservation efforts to increase the tiger population are expected to The man-eating behavior of Sundarban tigers has increase human-tiger conflicts, as has happened been historically authenticated but for how long is recently in Nepal (Gurung et al., 2008). not known. The information collected (Figure-2) gives an idea of the casualties in the undivided The objectives of the present study were: i) to Sundarbans during the last century (Gupta, 1964). assess the scale of historical trend of tiger and This behavior of the Sundarbans tiger does not human killing by analyzing the data; ii) probable have any intra-specific or intra-generic similarity reasons of human-tiger conflicts; and iii) adoption with any of the Panthera species from anywhere of different management strategies to mitigate in the world. The Sundarbans tigers eat fish, crabs, human-tiger conflicts. water monitor lizards, turtles, and even raid bee 2 Vol. 41: No. 4 2014 | Fig-2: Number of human and tiger casualties in undivided Sundarban during the period from Reserve Human-tiger
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Food Security Bulletin 29
    Nepal Food Security Bulletin Issue 29, October 2010 The focus of this edition is on the Mid and Far Western Hill and Mountain region Situation summary Figure 1. Percentage of population food insecure* 26% This Food Security Bulletin covers the period July-September and is focused on the Mid and Far Western Hill and Mountain (MFWHM) 24% region (typically the most food insecure region of the country). 22% July – August is an agricultural lean period in Nepal and typically a season of increased food insecurity. In addition, flooding and 20% landslides caused by monsoon regularly block transportation routes and result in localised crop losses. 18 % During the 2010 monsoon 1,600 families were reportedly 16 % displaced due to flooding, the Karnali Highway and other trade 14 % routes were blocked by landslides and significant crop losses were Oct -Dec Jan-M ar Apr-Jun Jul-Sep Oct -Dec Jan-M ar Apr-Jun Jul-Sep reported in Kanchanpur, Dadeldhura, western Surkhet and south- 08 09 09 09 09 10 10 10 eastern Udayapur. NeKSAP District Food Security Networks in MFWHM districts Rural Nepal Mid-Far-Western Hills&Mountains identified 163 VDCs in 12 districts that are highly food insecure. Forty-four percent of the population in Humla and Bajura are reportedly facing a high level of food insecurity. Other districts with households that are facing a high level of food insecurity are Mugu, Kalikot, Rukum, Surkhet, Achham, Doti, Bajhang, Baitadi, Dadeldhura and Darchula. These households have both very limited food stocks and limited financial resources to purchase food. Most households are coping by reducing consumption, borrowing money or food and selling assets.
    [Show full text]
  • Summer Paddy Crop Production Increased by 17%
    Food Security Bulletin - 19 United Nations World Food Programme FS Bulletin, March 2008 Food Security Monitoring and Analysis System Issue 19 Key Findings 9 Nepal’s summer paddy crop production increased by 17%. 9 Initial reports indicate that the winter crop will yield substantially lower crops in the Mid and Far Western region, due to late winter rains. 9 Market Prices have increased significantly despite these good crop yields leaving an estimated 3.8 million extremely vulnerable. 9 Additionally, many areas in Mid- and Far-West suffered from poor paddy production and are facing increasing food insecurity. The outlook for the winter crop production in many of these areas is also worrying. 9 Many of the extreme poor households in flood affected areas are still struggling to cope with the longer-term affects of the flood. 9 Average household food stocks are down by half compared to a year ago. 9 More households are facing difficulties in accessing sufficient food. Coping strategies are more frequently adopted compared to last quarter and more households find it difficult to find employment. Editorial The past couple of months were the beginning of April. Preliminary Food Security Phase Classification characterized by ongoing bandhs in the expectations are presented on page 4 Map Terai, resulting in shortages of fuel and of this bulletin. other essential items and rising food With support from the SENAC project prices across Nepal. Price rises in In rural areas, the current food security (Strengthening Emergency Needs coarse rice were further exacerbated by situation is largely based upon Assessment Capacity within WFP), the the ongoing ban on export of non- production of the summer crops, maize methodology used to develop the basmati rice from India and the global and rice, as winter wheat has yet to be quarterly food security phase cereal price hikes (see WFP Market harvested.
    [Show full text]
  • Notes on the Distribution and Natural History of the King Cobra (Ophiophagus Hannah Cantor, 1836) from the Kumaon Hills of Uttarakhand, India
    Herpetology Notes, volume 11: 217-222 (2018) (published online on 12 March 2018) Notes on the distribution and natural history of the King Cobra (Ophiophagus hannah Cantor, 1836) from the Kumaon Hills of Uttarakhand, India Jignasu Dolia1 Introduction herpetologists believe that the King Cobra may be part of a larger species complex (Das, 2002). However, Native to South and Southeast Asia, the King Cobra further phylogenetic studies based on molecular data (Ophiophagus hannah Cantor, 1836) is the world’s between the different populations are needed to shed longest venomous snake, capable of growing up to 5.49– light on its true taxonomy. 5.79 m (Aagard, 1924; Mehrtens, 1987; Daniel, 2002). The King Cobra’s known altitudinal distribution Its established global distribution includes the following ranges from 150 m to 1530 m in Nepal (Schleich and 15 countries: Bangladesh, Bhutan, Brunei Darussalam, Kästle, 2002) and from sea level to 1800 m in Sumatra Cambodia, China (mainland as well as Hong Kong (David and Vogel, 1996). In India, the species has been Special Administrative Region), India, Indonesia, Lao sighted at 1840 m in Sikkim (Bashir et al., 2010), and People’s Democratic Republic, Malaysia, Myanmar, King Cobra nests have been found between 161 m and Nepal, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand and Vietnam 1170 m in Mizoram (Hrima et al., 2014). The King (Stuart et al., 2012). Although widely distributed, this Cobra has also been recorded up to c. 1830 m in the snake is considered rare in most parts of its range, Nilgiris and in the Western Himalayas (Smith, 1943). except in forested parts of Thailand where it is relatively The highest altitude recorded and published for an common (Stuart et al., 2012).
    [Show full text]
  • Synchronised Counts of Vultures to Celebrate International Vulture
    Synchronised counts of vultures to celebrate International Vulture Awareness Day Butterflies of Baghmara Buffer Zone Community Forest Checklist of serpents in Institute of Forestry, Hetauda Campus Complex Mammals of Bhimsen Thapa Rural Municipality Distribution of Sikkim Caecilian in Nepal First Record of King Cobra from Okhaldhunga and Sankhuwasabha districts Predation of Common Tree Frog by Ornate Flying Snake 2 Editorial The world is not the same as when we first called for articles for this issue. The COVID-19 pandemic caused by Inside this issue the recently discovered novel strain of coronavirus formally known as Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome CoronaVirus 2 (SARS‑CoV‑2), has forced many countries into a complete 3 Synchronised counts of vultures to celebrate lockdown affecting every aspect of life. While most of us International Vulture Awareness Day in Nepal might be working from home and keeping ourselves K.P. Bhusal and D.B. Rana isolated, some are fighting this pandemic in the frontline. 7 Butterflies of Baghmara Buffer Zone Community To them, we express our sincere gratitude. Forest, Chitwan, Nepal So far, the general consensus is that the virus originated from a wet market of Wuhan, Hubei Province, R. Sedhain, D.R. Thanet, S. Bhattarai, R.R. Subedi and T.B. Gurung China as a result of wildlife trade. However, this is not new as spillover viral and bacterial infections from wildlife have 16 Checklist of serpents in Institute of Forestry, been known to occur in the past too. Take for example Hetauda Campus Complex, Makwanpur, Nepal Ebola, MERS, SARS and HIV which were viral infections A.
    [Show full text]
  • Disaggregation of Bird Families Listed on Cms Appendix Ii
    Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals 2nd Meeting of the Sessional Committee of the CMS Scientific Council (ScC-SC2) Bonn, Germany, 10 – 14 July 2017 UNEP/CMS/ScC-SC2/Inf.3 DISAGGREGATION OF BIRD FAMILIES LISTED ON CMS APPENDIX II (Prepared by the Appointed Councillors for Birds) Summary: The first meeting of the Sessional Committee of the Scientific Council identified the adoption of a new standard reference for avian taxonomy as an opportunity to disaggregate the higher-level taxa listed on Appendix II and to identify those that are considered to be migratory species and that have an unfavourable conservation status. The current paper presents an initial analysis of the higher-level disaggregation using the Handbook of the Birds of the World/BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World Volumes 1 and 2 taxonomy, and identifies the challenges in completing the analysis to identify all of the migratory species and the corresponding Range States. The document has been prepared by the COP Appointed Scientific Councilors for Birds. This is a supplementary paper to COP document UNEP/CMS/COP12/Doc.25.3 on Taxonomy and Nomenclature UNEP/CMS/ScC-Sc2/Inf.3 DISAGGREGATION OF BIRD FAMILIES LISTED ON CMS APPENDIX II 1. Through Resolution 11.19, the Conference of Parties adopted as the standard reference for bird taxonomy and nomenclature for Non-Passerine species the Handbook of the Birds of the World/BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World, Volume 1: Non-Passerines, by Josep del Hoyo and Nigel J. Collar (2014); 2.
    [Show full text]
  • Spatial Distribution and Seasonal Fluctuation of Mosquitoes in Dhaka
    International Journal of Fauna and Biological Studies 2013; 1 (1): 42-46 ISSN 2347-2677 IJFBS 2013; 1 (1): 42-46 Spatial Distribution and Seasonal Fluctuation of Mosquitoes in © 2013 AkiNik Publications Dhaka City Received: 17-9-2013 Accepted: 27-9-2013 Md. Rezaul Karim, Md. Muzahidul Islam, Md. Sheik Farid, Md. Abdur Rashid*, Tangin Akter, Humayun Reza Khan Md. Rezaul Karim Department of Zoology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka- ABSTRACT In an entomological study conducted from March 2011 to February 2012), mosquito larvae and adults 1000, Bangladesh were collected from different breeding sites viz. drains, coconut barks, tree holes, lakes, artificial water Md. Muzahidul Islam containers and tubs in Dhaka city utilizing long aquatic nets and sweeping nets. Altogether, 3487 Department of Zoology, mosquitoes belonging to 13 species of 4 genera namely Culex (7), Mansonia (3), Aedes (2) and Armigeres (1) were sampled, all of which were under the family Culicidae. Among the collected University of Dhaka, Dhaka- mosquitoes Cx. quinquefasciatus (29%) showed the highest abundance followed by Cx. vishnui (23%), 1000, Bangladesh Cx. tritaeniorhynchus (14%), Cx. gelidus (6%), Cx. fatigans (5%), Cx. fuscocephala (5%) , Cx. hutchinsoni (5%), Mn. annulifera (3%), Mn. uniformis (2%), Mn. indiana (2%), Ae. aegypti (2%), Ae. Md. Sheik Farid albopictus (2%) and Ar. subalbatus (1%). Maximum number of species were found in Osmani Uddan Department of Zoology, (12, n = 750) followed by Old Dhaka (11, n = 1648), Sohrawardi Uddan (9, n = 516) and Fullbaria Bus University of Dhaka, Dhaka- Station (7, n = 573). Irrespective of species specific distribution, mosquitoes were found abundantly in 1000, Bangladesh August when the rainy water creates numerous temporary breeding grounds.
    [Show full text]
  • Uperodon Systoma) on the Pondicherry University Campus, Puducherry, India
    WWW.IRCF.ORG TABLE OF CONTENTS IRCF REPTILES &IRCF AMPHIBIANS REPTILES • VOL &15, AMPHIBIANS NO 4 • DEC 2008 • 189 27(2):245–246 • AUG 2020 IRCF REPTILES & AMPHIBIANS CONSERVATION AND NATURAL HISTORY TABLE OF CONTENTS FEATURE ARTICLES Opportunistic. Chasing Bullsnakes (Pituophis catenifer sayi) in Wisconsin: Nocturnal Predation On the Road to Understanding the Ecology and Conservation of the Midwest’s Giant Serpent ...................... Joshua M. Kapfer 190 by a. TheDiurnal Shared History of Treeboas (Corallus Snake: grenadensis) and Humans An on Grenada: Indian Ratsnake, A Hypothetical Excursion ............................................................................................................................Robert W. Henderson 198 PtyasRESEARCH mucosa ARTICLES (Linnaeus 1758), Preying on . The Texas Horned Lizard in Central and Western Texas ....................... Emily Henry, Jason Brewer, Krista Mougey, and Gad Perry 204 . The Knight Anole (Anolis equestris) in Florida Marbled ............................................. BalloonBrian J. Camposano, Frogs Kenneth L. Krysko, Kevin ( M.Uperodon Enge, Ellen M. Donlan, and Michael Granatoskysystoma 212 ) CONSERVATIONAvrajjal ALERT Ghosh1,2, Shweta Madgulkar2, and Krishnendu Banerjee2,3 . World’s Mammals in Crisis ............................................................................................................................................................. 220 1 School of Biological. More Sciences, Than Mammals National ..............................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • From Bangladesh
    SHORT COMMUNICATION TAPROBAN ICA, ISSN 1800–427X. April, 2013. Vol. 05, No. 01: pp. 77–80. © Taprobanica Private Limited, 146, Kendalanda, Homagama, Sri Lanka. www.taprobanica.org The confirmed record of Oligodon Biodiversity Research, Singapore under the albocinctus (Cantor, 1839) from catalogue number ZRC (IMG) 2.173. Bangladesh Morphometric and meristic data were taken according to Neang et al. (2012) measurements and scale counts were taken under a 75mm Oligodon albocinctus (Cantor, 1839) has been magnifying lenses using a digital caliper to the recorded in Assam, Sikkim and Arunachal nearest 0.1 mm. Measurements: SVL (snout– Pradesh of India, Nepal, Myanmar and China vent length), from the tip of the snout to the (Das et al., 2009). Khan (1982, 2010) included vent; HL (head length), from the tip of the this species as common and found in the north snout to the posterior margin of the mandible; and east of Bangladesh. However Sarker & HD (head depth), vertical height between upper Sarker (1985, 1988) did not include this species and ventral surfaces of head measured at HW; in their checklists of the snakes of Bangladesh. IO (interorbital distance), shortest distance The IUCN local red list (IUCN Bangladesh, between outer margins of supraoculars; ED 2003) included this species as data deficient. (eye diameter), horizontal diameter of eye; SN Khan (2008) stated that this species was (snout length), distance between the tip of the expected to be found in Bangladesh. Kabir et snout and anterior edge of eye; EN (eye to al. (2009) included this species in the nostril), distance between anterior margin of Encyclopedia of Flora and Fauna of eye and posterior margin of nostril; IN (inter– Bangladesh based on IUCN Bangladesh (2003).
    [Show full text]
  • A Review of the Mosquito Species (Diptera: Culicidae) of Bangladesh Seth R
    Irish et al. Parasites & Vectors (2016) 9:559 DOI 10.1186/s13071-016-1848-z RESEARCH Open Access A review of the mosquito species (Diptera: Culicidae) of Bangladesh Seth R. Irish1*, Hasan Mohammad Al-Amin2, Mohammad Shafiul Alam2 and Ralph E. Harbach3 Abstract Background: Diseases caused by mosquito-borne pathogens remain an important source of morbidity and mortality in Bangladesh. To better control the vectors that transmit the agents of disease, and hence the diseases they cause, and to appreciate the diversity of the family Culicidae, it is important to have an up-to-date list of the species present in the country. Original records were collected from a literature review to compile a list of the species recorded in Bangladesh. Results: Records for 123 species were collected, although some species had only a single record. This is an increase of ten species over the most recent complete list, compiled nearly 30 years ago. Collection records of three additional species are included here: Anopheles pseudowillmori, Armigeres malayi and Mimomyia luzonensis. Conclusions: While this work constitutes the most complete list of mosquito species collected in Bangladesh, further work is needed to refine this list and understand the distributions of those species within the country. Improved morphological and molecular methods of identification will allow the refinement of this list in years to come. Keywords: Species list, Mosquitoes, Bangladesh, Culicidae Background separation of Pakistan and India in 1947, Aslamkhan [11] Several diseases in Bangladesh are caused by mosquito- published checklists for mosquito species, indicating which borne pathogens. Malaria remains an important cause of were found in East Pakistan (Bangladesh).
    [Show full text]
  • Food Insecurity and Undernutrition in Nepal
    SMALL AREA ESTIMATION OF FOOD INSECURITY AND UNDERNUTRITION IN NEPAL GOVERNMENT OF NEPAL National Planning Commission Secretariat Central Bureau of Statistics SMALL AREA ESTIMATION OF FOOD INSECURITY AND UNDERNUTRITION IN NEPAL GOVERNMENT OF NEPAL National Planning Commission Secretariat Central Bureau of Statistics Acknowledgements The completion of both this and the earlier feasibility report follows extensive consultation with the National Planning Commission, Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), World Food Programme (WFP), UNICEF, World Bank, and New ERA, together with members of the Statistics and Evidence for Policy, Planning and Results (SEPPR) working group from the International Development Partners Group (IDPG) and made up of people from Asian Development Bank (ADB), Department for International Development (DFID), United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), UNICEF and United States Agency for International Development (USAID), WFP, and the World Bank. WFP, UNICEF and the World Bank commissioned this research. The statistical analysis has been undertaken by Professor Stephen Haslett, Systemetrics Research Associates and Institute of Fundamental Sciences, Massey University, New Zealand and Associate Prof Geoffrey Jones, Dr. Maris Isidro and Alison Sefton of the Institute of Fundamental Sciences - Statistics, Massey University, New Zealand. We gratefully acknowledge the considerable assistance provided at all stages by the Central Bureau of Statistics. Special thanks to Bikash Bista, Rudra Suwal, Dilli Raj Joshi, Devendra Karanjit, Bed Dhakal, Lok Khatri and Pushpa Raj Paudel. See Appendix E for the full list of people consulted. First published: December 2014 Design and processed by: Print Communication, 4241355 ISBN: 978-9937-3000-976 Suggested citation: Haslett, S., Jones, G., Isidro, M., and Sefton, A. (2014) Small Area Estimation of Food Insecurity and Undernutrition in Nepal, Central Bureau of Statistics, National Planning Commissions Secretariat, World Food Programme, UNICEF and World Bank, Kathmandu, Nepal, December 2014.
    [Show full text]
  • Mukhopadhyay, Aparajita (2013) Wheels of Change?: Impact of Railways on Colonial North Indian Society, 1855-1920. Phd Thesis. SO
    Mukhopadhyay, Aparajita (2013) Wheels of change?: impact of railways on colonial north Indian society, 1855‐1920. PhD Thesis. SOAS, University of London http://eprints.soas.ac.uk/17363 Copyright © and Moral Rights for this thesis are retained by the author and/or other copyright owners. A copy can be downloaded for personal non‐commercial research or study, without prior permission or charge. This thesis cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the copyright holder/s. The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. When referring to this thesis, full bibliographic details including the author, title, awarding institution and date of the thesis must be given e.g. AUTHOR (year of submission) "Full thesis title", name of the School or Department, PhD Thesis, pagination. Wheels of Change? Impact of railways on colonial north Indian society, 1855-1920. Aparajita Mukhopadhyay Thesis submitted for the degree of PhD in History 2013 Department of History School of Oriental and African Studies University of London 1 | P a g e Declaration for Ph.D. Thesis I have read and understood regulation 17.9 of the Regulations for students of the School of Oriental and African Studies concerning plagiarism. I undertake that all the material presented for examination is my own work and has not been written for me, in whole or in part by any other person. I also undertake that any quotation or paraphrase from the published or unpublished work of another person has been duly acknowledged in the work that I present for examination.
    [Show full text]
  • Observation of Feeding Habit of the Asian Water Monitor, Varanus Salvator
    Biodiversity Journal , 2018, 9 (3): 213–216 DOI: 10.31396/Biodiv.Jour.2018.9.3.213.216 Observation of feeding habit of the Asian water monitor, Varanus salvator (Laurenti, 1768) (Squamata Varanidae) on a Asian toad, Duttaphrynus melanostictus (Schneider, 1799) (Anura Bufonidae) in Thailand Rujira Mahaprom 1,2 & Sitthi Kulabtong 1* 1Save wildlife Thailand, Wangnoi District, Ayuttaya Province 13170, Thailand; e-mail: [email protected] 2 Bureau of Conservation and Research, Zoological Park Organization under the Royal Patronage of His Majesty the King, Thailand; e-mail: [email protected] *Corresponding author ABSTRACT The feeding habit of the Asian water monitor, Varanus salvator (Laurenti, 1768) (Squamata Varanidae) in Thailand indicated that this species is carnivorous and scavenger. Here, we de - scribe an observation of an Asian water monitor on an Asian toad, Duttaphrynus melanostictus (Schneider, 1799) (Anura Bufonidae) in urban areas of Central Thailand. Feeding habit data of an Asian water monitor is provided here. KEY WORDS Asian water monitor; Varanus salvator ; Asian toad; Duttaphrynus melanostictus ; ecology. Received 15.06.2018; accepted 21.07.2018; printed 30.09.2018; published online 05.10.2018 INTRODUCTION The current status of the species can be sepa - rated into following subspecies according to Koch The Asian water monitor, Varanus salvator et al. (2010). Namely, V. salvator salvator from Sri (Laurenti, 1768) (Squamata Varanidae) is the Lanka, V. salvator bivittatus (Kuhl, 1820) from In - largest monitor in Thailand and the second largest donesia, type locality Java, V. salvator andamanen - lizard in the world (Shine et al., 1996). In Thailand, sis Deraniyagala, 1944 from Andaman Islands, V.
    [Show full text]