Guide to the Sources on the Holocaust in Occupied Poland
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REVIEWS POLEMICS DOI: 10.48261/pjs200119 Tomasz Domański PhD1 Institute of National Remembrance Delegation in Kielce CORRECTING THE PICTURE? SOME REFLECTIONS ON THE USE OF SOURCES IN DALEJ JEST NOC. LOSY ŻYDÓW W WYBRANYCH POWIATACH OKUPOWANEJ POLSKI [NIGHT WITHOUT AN END. THE FATE OF JEWS IN SELECTED COUNTIES OF OCCUPIED POLAND], ED. B. ENGELKING, J. GRABOWSKI, STOWARZYSZENIE CENTRUM BADAŃ NAD ZAGŁADĄ ŻYDÓW [POLISH CENTER FOR HOLOCAUST RESEARCH], WARSAW 2018, VOL. 1, ISBN: 9788363444600, 868 PP., VOL. 2, ISBN: 9788363444631, 832 PP.2 lthough many books have been written on the fate of the Jews in German- -occupied Poland,3 the death of around three million Polish Jews still A motivates successive generations of Holocaust scholars and researchers studying the history of Poland’s Jewish community to take up the subject. After 1989, i.e. after Poland regained its independence and cast off the restrictions of Communist 1 I would like to kindly thank all those who have helped me prepare this review by sharing their comments and observations with me. I am especially grateful to Maciej Korkuć PhD from the Cracow Branch of the Polish Institute of National Remembrance. 2 This review refers to the entirety of the book (Night without an end. The fate of Jews in selected counties of occupied Poland, vol. 1–2, ed. Barbara Engelking, Jan Grabowski, Warsaw 2018) with a special focus on Łuków, Złoczów and Miechów counties (powiaty). The abbreviated titleNight without an end is used throughout this article. 3 I use the terms ‘Germans’ and ‘German’ instead of ‘Nazis’ and ‘Nazi’ because all the persons of German origin (by occupation-era standards) employed in the administrative apparatus of the occupied territories were in fact acting on behalf of the German state, i.e. -
A Synthetic Analysis of the Polish Solidarity Movement Stephen W
Marshall University Marshall Digital Scholar Theses, Dissertations and Capstones 1-1-2011 A Synthetic Analysis of the Polish Solidarity Movement Stephen W. Mays [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://mds.marshall.edu/etd Part of the Other Political Science Commons, and the Politics and Social Change Commons Recommended Citation Mays, Stephen W., "A Synthetic Analysis of the Polish Solidarity Movement" (2011). Theses, Dissertations and Capstones. Paper 73. This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by Marshall Digital Scholar. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses, Dissertations and Capstones by an authorized administrator of Marshall Digital Scholar. For more information, please contact [email protected]. A SYNTHETIC ANALYSIS OF THE POLISH SOLIDARITY MOVEMENT A thesis submitted to the Graduate College of Marshall University In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts Sociology by Stephen W. Mays Approved by Dr. Richard Garnett, Committee Chairman Dr. Marty Laubach Dr. Brian Hoey Marshall University Huntington, West Virginia December 2011 Table Of Contents Page Acknowledgements ................................................................................ iii Abstract .................................................................................................. v Chapter I. Introduction ................................................................................... 1 II. Methodology .................................................................................. -
Protegowani Jakuba Bermana Jako Przykład Klientelizmu I Nepotyzmu W Elicie Władzy PRL
VARIAIII MIROSŁAW SZUMIŁO Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej w Lublinie Biuro Badań Historycznych Instytutu Pamięci Narodowej Protegowani Jakuba Bermana jako przykład klientelizmu i nepotyzmu w elicie władzy PRL Zjawisko klientelizmu w perspektywie historycznej było już przedmiotem wielu prac naukowych. W Polsce zajmował się nim przede wszystkim Antoni Mączak1. Wzbudzało ono również zainteresowanie zachodnich sowietologów, którzy zauważyli, że niemal od początku rządów bolszewickich w Związku Sowieckim następowało grupowanie kadr wokół wpływowych towarzyszy2. Analizie poddawano m.in. układy klientelistyczne w ekipie Leonida Breżniewa3. Według Johna Willertona klientelizm oznacza wzajemne popieranie własnych interesów w zakresie uczestnictwa w elicie władzy, interesów frak- cyjnych i sektorowych oraz wspieranie się w trakcie kariery w związku ze wspólnym pochodzeniem etnicznym, pokoleniowym itp.4 Tworzenie się sieci klientelistycznych oraz nepotyzm w elicie władzy PRL nie były do tej pory przedmiotem odrębnych badań. W ujęciu socjologicznym poru- szał to zagadnienie Krzysztof Dąbek, ale tylko w kontekście funkcjonowania ukła- dów patron–klient w aparacie partyjnym w latach 1956–19805. W odniesieniu do kadry kierowniczej Służby Bezpieczeństwa tego typu dysfunkcje analizował Daniel 1 A. Mączak, Nierówna przyjaźń. Układy klientalne w perspektywie historycznej, Wrocław 2003. 2 T.H. Rigby, Early Provincial Cliques and the Rise of Stalin, „Soviet Studies” 1981, nr 33, s. 25. 3 J.P. Willerton, Clientelism in the Soviet Union: An Initial Examination, „Studies in Comparative Commu- nism” 1979, nr 12, s. 159–211. 4 Ibidem, s. 162. 5 K. Dąbek, PZPR. Retrospektywny portret własny, Warszawa 2006, s. 201–216. 456 2 (34) 2019 pamięć i sprawiedliwość Protegowani Jakuba Bermana jako przykład klientelizmu i nepotyzmu w elicie władzy PRL Wicenty6. -
Czechoslovak-Polish Relations 1918-1968: the Prospects for Mutual Support in the Case of Revolt
University of Montana ScholarWorks at University of Montana Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers Graduate School 1977 Czechoslovak-Polish relations 1918-1968: The prospects for mutual support in the case of revolt Stephen Edward Medvec The University of Montana Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd Let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Medvec, Stephen Edward, "Czechoslovak-Polish relations 1918-1968: The prospects for mutual support in the case of revolt" (1977). Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers. 5197. https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/5197 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at ScholarWorks at University of Montana. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks at University of Montana. For more information, please contact [email protected]. CZECHOSLOVAK-POLISH RELATIONS, 191(3-1968: THE PROSPECTS FOR MUTUAL SUPPORT IN THE CASE OF REVOLT By Stephen E. Medvec B. A. , University of Montana,. 1972. Presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts UNIVERSITY OF MONTANA 1977 Approved by: ^ .'■\4 i Chairman, Board of Examiners raduat'e School Date UMI Number: EP40661 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. -
Women, Theater, and the Holocaust FOURTH RESOURCE HANDBOOK / EDITION a Project Of
Women, Theater, and the Holocaust FOURTH RESOURCE HANDBOOK / EDITION A project of edited by Rochelle G. Saidel and Karen Shulman Remember the Women Institute, a 501(c)(3) not-for-profit corporation founded in 1997 and based in New York City, conducts and encourages research and cultural activities that contribute to including women in history. Dr. Rochelle G. Saidel is the founder and executive director. Special emphasis is on women in the context of the Holocaust and its aftermath. Through research and related activities, including this project, the stories of women—from the point of view of women—are made available to be integrated into history and collective memory. This handbook is intended to provide readers with resources for using theatre to memorialize the experiences of women during the Holocaust. Women, Theater, and the Holocaust FOURTH RESOURCE HANDBOOK / EDITION A Project of Remember the Women Institute By Rochelle G. Saidel and Karen Shulman This resource handbook is dedicated to the women whose Holocaust-related stories are known and unknown, told and untold—to those who perished and those who survived. This edition is dedicated to the memory of Nava Semel. ©2019 Remember the Women Institute First digital edition: April 2015 Second digital edition: May 2016 Third digital edition: April 2017 Fourth digital edition: May 2019 Remember the Women Institute 11 Riverside Drive Suite 3RE New York,NY 10023 rememberwomen.org Cover design: Bonnie Greenfield Table of Contents Introduction to the Fourth Edition ............................................................................... 4 By Dr. Rochelle G. Saidel, Founder and Director, Remember the Women Institute 1. Annotated Bibliographies ....................................................................................... 15 1.1. -
Poles Under German Occupation the Situation and Attitudes of Poles During the German Occupation
Truth About Camps | W imię prawdy historycznej (en) https://en.truthaboutcamps.eu/thn/poles-under-german-occu/15596,Poles-under-German-Occupation.html 2021-09-25, 22:48 Poles under German Occupation The Situation and Attitudes of Poles during the German Occupation The Polish population found itself in a very difficult situation during the very first days of the war, both in the territories incorporated into the Third Reich and in The General Government. The policy of the German occupier was primarily aimed at the liquidation of the Polish intellectual elite and leadership, and at the subsequent enslavement, maximal exploitation, and Germanization of Polish society. Terror was conducted on a mass and general scale. Executions, resettlements, arrests, deportations to camps, and street round-ups were a constant element of the everyday life of Poles during the war. Initially the policy of the German occupier was primarily aimed at the liquidation of the Polish intellectual elite and leadership, and at the subsequent enslavement, maximal exploitation, and Germanization of Polish society. Terror was conducted on a mass and general scale. Food rationing was imposed in cities and towns, with food coupons covering about one-third of a person’s daily needs. Levies — obligatory, regular deliveries of selected produce — were introduced in the countryside. Farmers who failed to deliver their levy were subject to severe repressions, including the death penalty. Devaluation and difficulty with finding employment were the reason for most Poles’ poverty and for the everyday problems in obtaining basic products. The occupier also limited access to healthcare. The birthrate fell dramatically while the incidence of infectious diseases increased significantly. -
Introduction
© Copyright, Princeton University Press. No part of this book may be distributed, posted, or reproduced in any form by digital or mechanical means without prior written permission of the publisher. INTRODUCTION “We were taught as children”—I was told by a seventy- year-old Pole—“that we Poles never harmed anyone. A partial abandonment of this morally comfortable position is very, very difficult for me.” —Helga Hirsch, a German journalist, in Polityka, 24 February 2001 HE COMPLEX and often acrimonious debate about the charac- ter and significance of the massacre of the Jewish population of T the small Polish town of Jedwabne in the summer of 1941—a debate provoked by the publication of Jan Gross’s Sa˛siedzi: Historia za- głady z˙ydowskiego miasteczka (Sejny, 2000) and its English translation Neighbors: The Destruction of the Jewish Community in Jedwabne, Poland (Princeton, 2001)—is part of a much wider argument about the totali- tarian experience of Europe in the twentieth century. This controversy reflects the growing preoccupation with the issue of collective memory, which Henri Rousso has characterized as a central “value” reflecting the spirit of our time.1 One key element in the understanding of collec- tive memory is the “dark past” of nations—those aspects of the na- tional past that provoke shame, guilt, and regret; this past needs to be integrated into the national collective identity, which itself is continu- ally being reformulated.2 In this sense, memory has to be understood as a public discourse that helps to build group identity and is inevita- bly entangled in a relationship of mutual dependence with other iden- tity-building processes. -
The Supreme National Tribunal of Poland and the History of International Criminal
Historical Origins of International Criminal Law: Volume 2 Morten Bergsmo, CHEAH Wui Ling and YI Ping (editors) E-Offprint: Mark A. Drumbl, “The Supreme National Tribunal of Poland and the History of International Criminal Law”, in Morten Bergsmo, CHEAH Wui Ling and YI Ping (editors), Historical Origins of International Criminal Law: Volume 2, FICHL Publication Series No. 21 (2014), Torkel Opsahl Academic EPublisher, Brussels, ISBN 978-82-93081-13-5. First published on 12 December 2014. This publication and other TOAEP publications may be openly accessed and downloaded through the website www.fichl.org. This site uses Persistent URLs (PURL) for all publications it makes available. The URLs of these publications will not be changed. Printed copies may be ordered through online distributors such as www.amazon.co.uk. © Torkel Opsahl Academic EPublisher, 2014. All rights are reserved. 38 ______ The Supreme National Tribunal of Poland and the History of International Criminal Law Mark A. Drumbl* 38.1. Introduction The Supreme National Tribunal of Poland (Najwyższy Trybunał Narodowy, the ‘Tribunal’) operated from 1946 to 1948. It implemented the 1943 Moscow Declaration. This instrument provided for the repatriation of Nazi war criminals to the countries where they allegedly committed atrocities to stand trial and, if convicted, to be sentenced on the basis of national laws. The Tribunal presided over seven high-profile cases that implicated 49 individual defendants targeted as major perpetrators. This chapter discusses two of the Tribunal’s trials: that of Rudolf Höss, Kommandant of Auschwitz (Oświęcim), described as the site of the 1 largest mass murder in history, and Amon Göth, commander of the * Mark Drumbl is the Class of 1975 Alumni Professor at Washington & Lee University, School of Law, where he also serves as Director of the University’s Transnational Law Institute. -
Annus Albaruthenicus 2007 2007
ANNUS ALBARUTHENICUS 2007 ГОД БЕЛАРУСКІ 2007 VILLA SOKRATES ANNUS ALBARUTHENICUS 2007 ГОД БЕЛАРУСКІ 2007 ВОСЬМЫ ТОМ Рэдактар САКРАТ ЯНОВІЧ KRYNKI 2007 Выдавецкае афармленьне: ЮРКА ХМЯЛЕЎСКІ Рэцэнзенты: prof. dr hab. Jerzy Tomaszewski prof. dr hab. Antoni Mironowicz Editor: STOWARZYSZENIE VILLA SOKRATES 16-120 KRYNKI POLAND Phone: (+48 – 85) 722 81 44 E-mail: [email protected] Друк: OFFSET-PRINT BIAŁYSTOK © Copyright by Villa Sokrates ISSN 1640-3320 Zrealizowano dzięki dotacji Ministra Spraw Wewnętrznych i Administracji ЗЬМЕСТ – CONTENTS Yury Vashkievich, Metamorphoses of Sovietism..................................................7 Ryszard Radzik, Der weißrussische und tschechische nationsschöpferische Prozess im 19. und zu Beginn des 20. Jahrhunderts: Ähnlichkeiten und Unterschiede............................................................................................29 Aliaksandar Smalianchuk, Belarusian National Idea in the Early Twentieth Century ..........................................................................................................55 Pavel Tserashkovich, Social Preconditions of National Revival of the Peoples in the East of Central Eastern Europe in the 19th – early 20th Centuries (Belarusians, Ukrainians, Lithuanians, Latvians, Estonians)........................69 Miroslav Hroh, Nation as a Product of Social Communication? (Report on the issue of comparison of the Czech and Belarusian „models”) .......... 111 Miloš Řezník, Historische Staatlichkeit und Nationalbewegung: ein weißrussisch-tschechischer -
Regional Enlightenment in Transylvania: the Educational Reforms of Bishop Petru Pavel Aron, Their Influences and Effects On
SLOVO, VOL. 27, NO. 1 (SPRING 2015), 9–33. DOI: 10.14324/111.0954-6839.030 Regional Enlightenment in Transylvania: The educational reforms of Bishop Petru Pavel Aron, their influences and effects on the Uniate society in Transylvania in the Age of Enlightenment MARIA IULIA FLORUTAU School of Slavonic and East European Studies, University College London The Transylvanian Enlightenment is a very contained phenomenon, yet fully fledged, attributed to a group of intellectuals in the last two decades of the eighteenth century known as the Transylvanian School. However, efforts towards Enlightenment appear much sooner, made possible by Uniate Bishop Inochentie Micu Klein’s ideas and especially through the actions of his successor, Petru Pavel Aron. With the financial help of the Habsburg Empire, particularly that of Empress Maria Theresa, Bishop Aron created schools, a typography and an intellectual circle that established the foundation for the Transylvanian School. Largely under-researched, the Bishop’s educational efforts will be examined in this study to argue that Enlightenment among the ethnic Romanian population appeared in Transylvania in a peripheral form forty years earlier than the Transylvanian School. I. DEGREES OF ENLIGHTENMENT Any of the numerous studies on Enlightenment or Enlightenment-related topics conventionally begin by asserting the difficulties of defining the concept. Many of these studies may quote Immanuel Kant’s famous definition that Enlightenment is “man’s emergence from his self-imposed immaturity”1 because it explains the shift in the mind-set of European civilization. Other definitions can be pertinent to most aspects of the phenomenon, such as Peter Gay’s definition as “philosophes, […] the totality of their ideas, their strategies, and their careers”,2 one that is very helpful when considering the precise points of belief that changed and identifying their promoters. -
Bishop Betancourt Ordained
THE MAGAZINE OF THE ARCHDIOCESE OF HARTFORD DECEMBER 2018 WWW.ARCHDIOCESEOFHARTFORD.ORG ARCHBISHOP’S DESK A new shepherd for the flock pg. 4 TRIBUTE Roberta Tuttle honored after 17 years as editor and webmaster of the Catholic Transcript pg. 10 REPORTE ESPECIAL Los delegados regresan del Quinto Encuentro Nacional con energía y entusiasmo pg. 24 BISHOP BETANCOURT ORDAINED SERVING THE COUNTIES OF HARTFORD, NEW HAVEN AND LITCHFIELD, CONNECTICUT MARK YOUR CALENDAR As part of its annual Christmas exhibit, the Knights of Columbus Museum is currently showcasing “Christmas in Poland,” now through 5 p.m. on Sunday, Feb. 3. The exhibit features more than 100 Archbishop Blair wishes items, including szopki (Polish Nativity scenes), all the people of with many on loan from private collectors and from museums as far away as New Mexico and Rome. The the Archdiocese of Hartford museum is open 10-5 daily; admission and parking a blessed Christmas are free. The museum is located at 1 State St. in New Haven. For more information, call 203.865.0400 or and a New Year filled with visit www.kofcmuseum.org. faith and happiness. A Mass in honor of Our Lady of Guadalupe will be held on the evening of Wednesday, Dec. 12 at Most Holy Trinity Parish, 68 N. Colony St., in Wallingford. The rosary will be recited at 5:15 PROMISE TO PROTECT p.m., Mass will begin at 6 p.m. and a reception will follow in the parish hall. The reception will include Catholic Transcript magazine, like many other color food and a cultural program. -
Lithuania and the Jews the Holocaust Chapter
UNITED STATES HOLOCAUST MEMORIAL MUSEUM CENTER FOR ADVANCED HOLOCAUST STUDIES Lithuania and the Jews The Holocaust Chapter Symposium Presentations W A S H I N G T O N , D. C. Lithuania and the Jews The Holocaust Chapter Symposium Presentations CENTER FOR ADVANCED HOLOCAUST STUDIES UNITED STATES HOLOCAUST MEMORIAL MUSEUM 2004 The assertions, opinions, and conclusions in this occasional paper are those of the authors. They do not necessarily reflect those of the United States Holocaust Memorial Council or of the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. First printing, July 2005 Copyright © 2005 United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Contents Foreword.......................................................................................................................................... i Paul A. Shapiro and Carl J. Rheins Lithuanian Collaboration in the “Final Solution”: Motivations and Case Studies........................1 Michael MacQueen Key Aspects of German Anti-Jewish Policy...................................................................................17 Jürgen Matthäus Jewish Cultural Life in the Vilna Ghetto .......................................................................................33 David G. Roskies Appendix: Biographies of Contributors.........................................................................................45 Foreword Centuries of intellectual, religious, and cultural achievements distinguished Lithuania as a uniquely important center of traditional Jewish arts and learning. The Jewish community