Tech-Design® Digital

Student Guide eSeries

Edition 1 37657-Q0

FIRST EDITION Second Printing, February 2011 Copyright 2010-2011 Lab-Volt Systems, Inc.

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Written materials provided to you may not be modified, adapted, translated, or used to LAB-VOLT SYSTEMS, INC. create derivative works without the prior written consent of P.O. Box 686 Lab-Volt. Farmingdale, NJ 07727 Attention: Program Development 5. Termination. This agreement is effective until terminated. Phone: (732) 938-2000 or (800) LAB-VOLT It will terminate automatically without notice from Lab-Volt if Fax: (732) 774-8573 you fail to comply with any provisions contained herein. Upon Technical Support: (800) 522-4436 termination you shall destroy the written materials, Lab-Volt’s Technical Support E-Mail: [email protected] Digital Video Editing Table of Contents

Introduction...... 1

The Video Production...... 3 To-Do List ...... 3 Study Guide...... 4

The Video Editing Suite...... 7 To-Do List ...... 7 Study Guide...... 8

Choosing Your Clips...... 10 To-Do List ...... 10

Video Editing Concepts...... 11 To-Do List ...... 11 Study Guide...... 12 Video Response: Editing Concepts...... 14 Impacts Video Response: Video Production...... 15 Impacts Video Response: CDs/DVDs...... 16

Scripting and Storyboarding...... 17 To-Do List ...... 17

Titles and Credits...... 18 To-Do List ...... 18 Study Guide...... 19

Adding/Editing Audio...... 20 To-Do List ...... 20 Study Guide...... 21

Advanced Editing Techniques...... 22 To-Do List ...... 22 Study Guide...... 23 Video Response: Pacing...... 24

Assembling Your Video...... 25 To-Do List ...... 25 Study Guide...... 26

The ...... 27 To-Do List ...... 27 Study Guide...... 28

The Final Cut...... 29 To-Do List ...... 29 Study Guide...... 30

The Video’s in the Can...... 31 Study Guide...... 32

Appendices...... 33 Independent Study Project Proposal...... 35

Student Guide Tech-Design by Lab-Volt vii Table of Contents Digital Video Editing

Topic Outline...... 36 Bibliography...... 37 Activities...... 38 Drawings...... 39

Student Guide viii Tech-Design by Lab-Volt Introduction

Introduction This Student Guide is organized by unit. In each unit you may find:

• Unit Objectives • New Terms and Words • To-Do List • Study Guide • Data sheets (worksheets) • Video response sheets

The Unit Objectives are a summary of what you can expect to learn in the unit.

New Terms and Words provide the definitions for words you may not be familiar with. If you come across any other words you do not understand, look them up in a dictionary, write the definitions, and add them to your Student Guide. Understanding vocabulary is the biggest key to understanding any information.

The To-Do List helps you keep track of all the work you do.

The Study Guide will help you to take notes as you read the unit. You can use this to study for the unit test. You can use all of the unit Study Guides to study for the course test.

Data sheets or worksheets provide space to record information or answer questions about activities. Some also give you a place to write down the details of your projects.

Video response sheets are worksheets that go with the videos you will watch. After you watch a video, answer the questions on the video response sheet.

You can save any other work you do for this course in this guide.

Use the Student Guide to study what you have learned. Your teacher may also ask to collect your work for a grade.

Student Guide Tech-Design by Lab-Volt 1 Introduction

Student Guide 2 Tech-Design by Lab-Volt Digital Video Editing Unit Details

The Video Production Name: Date:

Objectives During this unit, you will: • identify the types and uses of different camera shots. • define image composition. • complete the Timeline Activity.

To-Do List Complete the following assignments. Use this to-do list to keep track of each task. To-Do Due Date Notes FF Study Guide FF Timeline Activity

? New Terms and Words shot—a single run of the camera.

Student Guide Tech-Design by Lab-Volt 3 Unit Details Digital Video Editing

Study Guide

Name: Date: The Video Production

I. Camera Shots

A. The type of used in a portion of a video presentation is determined by how

the camera operator manipulates the camera.

B. The four camera movements an editor should be familiar with are ,

, , and .

1. A is created when the camera operator changes the focal length of the

lens.

a. In zoomed in shots, the scene seems to be brought to the viewer.

b. In zoomed out shots, the scene seems to be from the viewer.

c. The zoom shot is often used to call attention to a within a shot.

C. A is created when the camera is swiveled to the left or to the right.

1. To the viewer a shot shows a scene or a location from a

perspective. The is often used to establish a

scene’s location or to action.

D. In a shot, the camera operator pivots the camera up or down to reveal the

entire object. The tilt is commonly used to call attention to the of an

object.

E. A camera operator creates a shot by moving the camera

or from an object in a straight line.

1. Although seems similar to on a

scene, there is a difference.

Student Guide 4 Tech-Design by Lab-Volt Digital Video Editing Unit Details

2. With a it appears that the scene is being pulled in toward the viewer. In

a shot, it appears that the viewer is being pushed in toward the scene. The

dolly is used to create a dramatic effect and to call attention to within a

scene.

F. is how the camera is adjusted to position things on the screen.

G. The of an image is determined by

1. how much is visible

2. how much is visible

3. how the are positioned on the screen

H. Three different shots used to frame an object or person that the editor should be aware of

are the shot, the shot, and the .

1. In a shot, the object is seen from far away. This shot would contain much

in addition to the main object.

2. The shot shows the object at an in-between distance. Some

is visible, but the main object or actor can be seen in some

.

3. A shows the object at very close range. This shot is often used to

show emotion on an actor’s face or draw attention to the .

II. Other Techniques

A. Other techniques that are commonly used in video that an editor should be aware of are

the shot, the shot, and the

shot.

1. The shot shows what the character is looking at, as if

we are seeing through the character’s eyes. An editor must be aware of this type of shot

so that he or she can recognize whether it was the director’s intention for a particular

shot to be a shot or a regular shot.

Student Guide Tech-Design by Lab-Volt 5 Unit Details Digital Video Editing

2. A shot is used to heighten our emotional response to a scene. It is

often used in sports when a player to a goal being scored.

3. An shot or a shot usually opens a

sequence or new piece of action and shows the entire area where the action will take

place.

Student Guide 6 Tech-Design by Lab-Volt Digital Video Editing Unit Details

The Video Editing Suite Name: Date:

Objectives During this unit, you will: • define digital video. • become familiar with the components and functions of the editing software. • review important aspects in the history of and videotape editing.

To-Do List Complete the following assignments. Use this to-do list to keep track of each task. To-Do Due Date Notes FF Study Guide

? New Terms and Words digitize—to convert video from an analog signal to a digital signal – that is a signal made up of the digits 1 and 0.

Student Guide Tech-Design by Lab-Volt 7 Unit Details Digital Video Editing

Study Guide

Name: Date: The Video Editing Suite

I. Digital Video

A. Television shows are shot on digital media or videotape. In videotape format, the picture is

converted into an electronic analog signal, which is stored on the videotape. Analog video

signals must be before it can be displayed on your computer monitor.

1. Images shot on digital media are already and prepared for being

processed with computer editing software

II. The Editing Software

A. Video clips can be edited with editing software. They can be assembled in

order by simply arranging the clips on a .

B. Digital is also known as editing software,

because it allows you to arrange and rearrange clips in order.

C. Digital Video Editing Software also has for manipulating the

audio that goes along with the video.

D. Video can be output to a variety of digital formats for playback on CD-ROM, DVD-R, the

Internet, or directly from the .

III. History of Editing

A. Film-based Editing

1. Editing was originally done by physically cutting of movie film, then

combining the desired shots by joining film together with or

.

a. This type of editing was a process, meaning that the film had to be

assembled in . Switching the order of was a

laborious process.

Student Guide 8 Tech-Design by Lab-Volt Digital Video Editing Unit Details

b. Editing on film was also a process, meaning that

and damaged the editor’s print of the film.

B. Tape-based Editing

1. Past the mid-twentieth century, editing videotape was an method

consisting of multiple videotape recorders together.

a. The tape of raw footage, or source tape, was played on one , and the desired

shots were recorded to blank videotape on a second master .

b. Tape-based editing offered an advantage over in that it was

; the source tape was never damaged because it was

not being cut.

c. However, it was still a process, making any sequence changes very

time-consuming. Additionally, there was often some image quality

from the source to the master tape.

C. Digital Editing

1. The personal computer revolution of the late twentieth century brought the advent of

video editing.

2. All editing could now be performed on a computer. This technology

offers many advantages over film-based or tape-based editing:

3. ease of switching the order of .

4. editing is in that there is no damage to source

material.

a. And since editing is a digital technology, there is no

between source video and the final product.

Student Guide Tech-Design by Lab-Volt 9 Unit Details Digital Video Editing

Choosing Your Clips Name: Date:

Objectives During this unit, you will: • explore the advantages of digital video. • identify digital video file formats. • consider ideas for your video editing project. • select the clips that you will use in your video project.

To-Do List Complete the following assignments. Use this to-do list to keep track of each task. To-Do Due Date Notes

F Activity Guide: F Starting Your Project

? New Terms and Words Jump cut—a jarring edit, usually the result of careless editing.

Additional Equipment Required Multimedia presentation The Video Clip Collection Digital Video Editing Software

Student Guide 10 Tech-Design by Lab-Volt Digital Video Editing Unit Details

Video Editing Concepts Name: Date:

Objectives During this unit, you will: • become familiar with some video editing concepts. • define and describe the concepts of scripting and storyboarding. • complete the Environmental Impacts Activity.

To-Do List Complete the following assignments. Use this to-do list to keep track of each task. To-Do Due Date Notes FF Study Guide FF Video Response: Editing Concepts

F Impacts Video Response: F Video Production FF Impacts Video Response: CDs/DVDs

Student Guide Tech-Design by Lab-Volt 11 Unit Details Digital Video Editing

Study Guide

Name: Date: Video Editing Concepts

I. Techniques of the Video Editor

A. Filmmakers employ many editorial concepts when editing a video project. The entire

production may be shot with only one camera, or use several cameras with shots taken

from different .

B. When various takes of the same action are edited together it is called

.

1. The editor chooses the most effective shots and decides the in which

they are to be assembled.

2. He or she combines these shots together to make them look like one

action. The action should look natural and the should be realistic.

3. Although the video editor has the responsibility of combining shots, he or she needs to

coordinate with the when editing a presentation.

C. The is an editing concept that uses a still shot or a close-up to call attention

to a detail in a scene.

D. The is another editing concept. Unlike the , the

goes to a shot outside of the action or scene. The is

sometimes used to avoid a .

II. is the creative process of writing a video and planning a shoot.

A. The most common scripts are pages of written and descriptions of the

that will be used.

B. A video script is divided into two columns. The left-hand column is used for

instructions, or instructions as to what visuals should appear. The right-hand column is

used for instructions. This column includes instructions for

, , and .

Student Guide 12 Tech-Design by Lab-Volt Digital Video Editing Unit Details

III. Storyboarding

A. A storyboard is a series of that show the basic

along with the that will

be shot during production.

B. Storyboarding is a process that, along with , occurs during

.

C. Storyboards are usually created scripts, but sometimes only

are used to produce a video, and sometimes only

are used.

Student Guide Tech-Design by Lab-Volt 13 Unit Details Digital Video Editing

Video Response: Editing Concepts

Name: Date:

View the video, Editing Concepts, in the multimedia presentation and then complete this data sheet.

The Editor edits the production according to the ______conceptual vision. a. Writer’s b. Actor’s c. Producer’s d. Director’s Editing techniques used by Editors to draw attention to something inside or outside of a shot are called: a. fade-ins and fade-always. b. cut-ins and cut-always. c. None of the above is correct. Some Directors allow the Editor creative freedom when editing. a. True b. False

Student Guide 14 Tech-Design by Lab-Volt Digital Video Editing Unit Details

Impacts Video Response: Video Production

Name: Date:

View the Impacts video, Video Production, in the multimedia presentation and then complete this data sheet.

What new forms of environmental friendly packaging do most technology companies use? ______

This new film is based on aliphatic polyester derived from corn . Tapes are now being produced using materials. The batteries used in most video recording equipment and cameras have also joined the list of items that can and must be and .

Student Guide Tech-Design by Lab-Volt 15 Unit Details Digital Video Editing

Impacts Video Response: CDs/DVDs

Name: Date:

View the video, CDs/DVDs, in the multimedia presentation and then complete this data sheet.

Various processes for recycling CDs and DVDs include: extraction of the 20mg of found on recordable CDs and DVDs separation of the materials from the polyester base film extraction of , and data from the surface of the disks The reprocessed material can be injection molded into new products such as: for electric cables burglar alarm street What is the name of the new greener alternative to standard DVDs, which is 100% carbon neutral, totally recyclable material, 50% lighter than a typical DVD?

What alternative to non-industrial recycling process would you consider to diminish the environmental impact of CDs/DVDs? ______

______

______

______

Student Guide 16 Tech-Design by Lab-Volt Digital Video Editing Unit Details

Scripting and Storyboarding Name: Date:

Objectives During this unit, you will: • understand the importance of the edit worksheet for organizing the edit sessions. • create a script and storyboard for your video presentation.

To-Do List Complete the following assignments. Use this to-do list to keep track of each task. To-Do Due Date Notes

F Activity Guide: F Scripting and Storyboarding

Additional Equipment Required Video Script and Video Storyboard Forms

Student Guide Tech-Design by Lab-Volt 17 Unit Details Digital Video Editing

Titles and Credits Name: Date:

Objectives During this unit, you will: • create and edit a title and credits using digital video editing software.

To-Do List Complete the following assignments. Use this to-do list to keep track of each task. To-Do Due Date Notes FF Study Guide

F Activity Guide: F Creating a Title

F Activity Guide: F Creating Credits

Additional Equipment Required Digital Video Editing Software

Student Guide 18 Tech-Design by Lab-Volt Digital Video Editing Unit Details

Study Guide

Name: Date: Titles and Credits

I. Titles are any that appear on screen. A title is text that is often

over clips and used to information to the

audience. They include:

A. titles, such as the name of program, give the audience some idea of

what to expect.

B. titles can appear anywhere in the project to describe the setting, time,

place or subjects.

C. titles list all of the individuals who worked in the project.

D. are used for translations of foreign languages.

E. Titles should have some organization and design scheme. Use of clear and legible

, and appropriate and styles can enhance your

video

II. Credits give to all of the people who have worked on a video or film.

Credits are often seen at the of a video

Student Guide Tech-Design by Lab-Volt 19 Unit Details Digital Video Editing

Adding/Editing Audio Name: Date:

Objectives During this unit, you will: • become familiar with how a video editor uses various audio elements. • demonstrate how to add audio elements to a video presentation. • record a voice-over for your video project. • select music to be added to your video project.

To-Do List Complete the following assignments. Use this to-do list to keep track of each task. To-Do Due Date Notes FF Study Guide

F Activity Guide: F Recording a Voice-Over

F Activity Guide: F Adding Music

? New Terms and Words Voice-over—a narration, usually recorded separately, played over a visual sequence.

Additional Equipment Required Digital Video Editing Software

Student Guide 20 Tech-Design by Lab-Volt Digital Video Editing Unit Details

Study Guide

Name: Date: Adding/Editing Audio

I. Editing Audio

A. is a very important element in video production. Modern advancements

in recording have made film/video sound increasingly complex.

II. Voice-Overs

A. A voice-over is by someone not appearing in the shot. Its

purpose is to information about the scene being watched. A

voice-over is a common technique used in videos, documentaries, and

.

III. Sound Effects and Music

A. Sound effects add to a video. They are often added by the editor

a scene is shot to improve the quality of the audio and create a

bigger impact.

B. helps create a in a video. A particular

style of can affect the viewers’ feelings about the scene they are

watching.

Student Guide Tech-Design by Lab-Volt 21 Unit Details Digital Video Editing

Advanced Editing Techniques Name: Date:

Objectives During this unit, you will: • explore several advanced editing techniques. • demonstrate the application of advanced editing techniques. • use transitions to make edits appear smoother. • discuss how pacing can create a rhythm for a scene. • complete the Careers Activity.

To-Do List Complete the following assignments. Use this to-do list to keep track of each task. To-Do Due Date Notes FF Study Guide FF Video Response: Pacing FF Careers Activity

Student Guide 22 Tech-Design by Lab-Volt Digital Video Editing Unit Details

Study Guide

Name: Date: Advanced Editing Techniques

I. Transitions

A. A transition is a gradual of one clip by another.

B. The most common transition between clips is a − an instantaneous

from one clip to another.

C. The use of transitions will impact the of your video and its overall feel.

D. Certain transitions can convey different messages to your audience. Some may show the

passage of , while others may build or even draw

from the viewer.

E. Transitions can be effective when used in moderation, but become if

used excessively.

F. When used appropriately, transitions give your project a feeling of ,

as opposed to the feeling that it is a series of separate video clips

II. Pacing

A. Establishing the of a scene is called pacing. Through editing, fast-cutting

from one short shot to another short shot the pace and usually

creates ; slow-cutting and longer shots create a

effect.

Student Guide Tech-Design by Lab-Volt 23 Unit Details Digital Video Editing

Video Response: Pacing

Name: Date:

View the video, Pacing, in the multimedia presentation and then complete this data sheet.

Pacing is the process of writing the story to a. flow from one part to the next. b. end abruptly. c. speed up to the ending. Some writers intentionally manipulate the pacing of a story a. for creative reasons. b. to speed up a non-relevant scene. c. by slowing down a particular scene to achieve tension or suspense. d. b and c are correct. e. All of the above are correct. One of the most famous “Paced” scenes in film history, which is often copied by many modern day Directors, is from the movie: a. The Godfather. b. The Battleship Potemkin. c. Gone with the Wind. d. The Untouchables. The Director of the silent movie, “The Battleship Potemkin” was a. Sergei Eisenstein. b. Stanley Kubrick. c. Alfred Hitchcock. d. Cecil B. DeMille.

Student Guide 24 Tech-Design by Lab-Volt Digital Video Editing Unit Details

Assembling Your Video Name: Date:

Objectives During this unit, you will: • demonstrate your knowledge of editing techniques as you begin to edit your video presentation.

To-Do List Complete the following assignments. Use this to-do list to keep track of each task. To-Do Due Date Notes FF Study Guide

F Activity Guide: F Trim Your Clips

? New Terms and Words raw video—video footage that has not been edited.

Additional Equipment Required Digital Video Editing Software

Student Guide Tech-Design by Lab-Volt 25 Unit Details Digital Video Editing

Study Guide

Name: Date: Assembling Your Video

I. Cutting Room Floor

A. Editors constantly make creative decisions. They select specific shots and

them in a order.

B. As an editor, it is important to grasp the concept of the whole story. The video

footage can be grouped into the segments based on the activities.

C. The of the shots is completely up to editor. They should use

common sense, technical skills, and creative thinking.

Student Guide 26 Tech-Design by Lab-Volt Digital Video Editing Unit Details

The Rough Cut Name: Date:

Objectives During this unit, you will: • continue editing your video presentation using Digital Video Editing Software. • create a rough cut of your video project.

To-Do List Complete the following assignments. Use this to-do list to keep track of each task. To-Do Due Date Notes FF Study Guide

F Activity Guide: F The Rough Cut

Additional Equipment Required Digital Video Editing Software

Student Guide Tech-Design by Lab-Volt 27 Unit Details Digital Video Editing

Study Guide

Name: Date: The Rough Cut

I. cuts can create a feeling of action and excitement. If the project’s theme is

sports or action related, having shots edited together at a

pace will enhance the project. However, if a sense of

needs to be added, and

shots could be used to convey that idea.

Student Guide 28 Tech-Design by Lab-Volt Digital Video Editing Unit Details

The Final Cut Name: Date:

Objectives During this unit, you will: • continue to demonstrate your knowledge of editing techniques as you proceed with editing a video presentation. • continue to apply your editing experience with the workstation to your video presentation.

To-Do List Complete the following assignments. Use this to-do list to keep track of each task. To-Do Due Date Notes FF Study Guide

F Activity Guide: F The Final Cut

Additional Equipment Required Digital Video Editing Software

Student Guide Tech-Design by Lab-Volt 29 Unit Details Digital Video Editing

Study Guide

Name: Date: The Final Cut

A. The final cut is the video project in its finished form. During The Final Cut stage, the editor

fine tunes details of the project by:

1. adding any that might be needed

2. reevaluating the of video clips

3. precisely the start and stop point of video clips

4. titles

5. the volume of audio clips

Student Guide 30 Tech-Design by Lab-Volt Digital Video Editing Unit Details

The Video’s in the Can Name: Date:

Objectives During this unit, you will: • render your final cut.

To-Do List Complete the following assignments. Use this to-do list to keep track of each task. To-Do Due Date Notes FF Study Guide

F Activity Guide: F Rendering the Video

Additional Equipment Required Digital Video Editing Software

Student Guide Tech-Design by Lab-Volt 31 Unit Details Digital Video Editing

Study Guide

Name: Date: The Video’s in the Can

I. Once the video presentation is finalized, it must be subject to a

process in order to be played on any computer with a compatible media player.

II. The process the different files and clips

included in the presentation into a single file.

Student Guide 32 Tech-Design by Lab-Volt Digital Video Editing

Ap p e n d i c e s

Digital Video Editing Independent Study

Project Proposal

Name:

Course:

Section:

Topic State as specifically as possible the idea, question, and/or activity you have chosen.

Description State why you have chosen this topic, what you expect to learn, any previous experience you had with this topic, and the type of investigation you will conduct.

Materials State what materials, people, or activities will be involved in the completion of your project.

Due Date:

Instructor’s Approval:

Student’s Signature: Submit this proposal with your completed project.

Student Guide Tech-Design by Lab-Volt 35 Independent Study Digital Video Editing

Topic Outline

Name:

Course:

Section:

In the area provided, write the outline you will use for your independent study project.

Introduction

Discussion

Conclusion

Due Date:

Instructor’s Approval:

Student’s Signature: Submit this proposal with your completed project.

Student Guide 36 Tech-Design by Lab-Volt Digital Video Editing Independent Study

Bibliography

Name:

Course:

Section:

In the area provided, supply the name, author, publisher, and publication date of the references you plan to use for your independent study project.

Texts 1.

2.

Journals 1.

2.

3.

Others (Examples: work experience, interviews) 1.

2.

Due Date:

Instructor’s Approval:

Student’s Signature: Submit this proposal with your completed project.

Student Guide Tech-Design by Lab-Volt 37 Independent Study Digital Video Editing

Activities

Name:

Course:

Section:

In the area provided, give descriptions of the activities or exercises you plan to incorporate into your independent study project. Include the materials and the time required for each of the activities or exercises.

Activities

Exercises

Due Date:

Instructor’s Approval:

Student’s Signature: Submit this proposal with your completed project.

Student Guide 38 Tech-Design by Lab-Volt Digital Video Editing Independent Study

Drawings

Name:

Course:

Section:

In the area provided, supply rough sketches of any drawings you intend to use in your independent study project. If you need additional worksheets, you may make additional copies.

Due Date:

Instructor’s Approval:

Student’s Signature: Submit this proposal with your completed project.

Student Guide Tech-Design by Lab-Volt 39 Independent Study Digital Video Editing

Student Guide 40 Tech-Design by Lab-Volt

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