Data-Driven Identification of Potential Zika Virus Vectors
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Why Aedes Aegypti?
Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg., 98(6), 2018, pp. 1563–1565 doi:10.4269/ajtmh.17-0866 Copyright © 2018 by The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Perspective Piece Mosquito-Borne Human Viral Diseases: Why Aedes aegypti? Jeffrey R. Powell* Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut Abstract. Although numerous viruses are transmitted by mosquitoes, four have caused the most human suffering over the centuries and continuing today. These are the viruses causing yellow fever, dengue, chikungunya, and Zika fevers. Africa is clearly the ancestral home of yellow fever, chikungunya, and Zika viruses and likely the dengue virus. Several species of mosquitoes, primarily in the genus Aedes, have been transmitting these viruses and their direct ancestors among African primates for millennia allowing for coadaptation among viruses, mosquitoes, and primates. One African primate (humans) and one African Aedes mosquito (Aedes aegypti) have escaped Africa and spread around the world. Thus it is not surprising that this native African mosquito is the most efficient vector of these native African viruses to this native African primate. This makes it likely that when the next disease-causing virus comes out of Africa, Ae. aegypti will be the major vector to humans. Mosquito-borne viruses (arboviruses) have been afflicting The timeline for the spread of Ae. aegypti is reasonably clear humans for millennia and continue to cause immeasurable and is consistent with epidemiologic records. Beginning in the suffering. While not the only mosquito-borne viruses, the fol- sixteenth century, European ships to the New World stopped lowing four have been the most widespread and notorious in in West Africa to pick up native Africans for the slave trade8 terms of severity of diseases and number of humans affected: and very likely picked up Ae. -
Data-Driven Identification of Potential Zika Virus Vectors Michelle V Evans1,2*, Tad a Dallas1,3, Barbara a Han4, Courtney C Murdock1,2,5,6,7,8, John M Drake1,2,8
RESEARCH ARTICLE Data-driven identification of potential Zika virus vectors Michelle V Evans1,2*, Tad A Dallas1,3, Barbara A Han4, Courtney C Murdock1,2,5,6,7,8, John M Drake1,2,8 1Odum School of Ecology, University of Georgia, Athens, United States; 2Center for the Ecology of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, United States; 3Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of California-Davis, Davis, United States; 4Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies, Millbrook, United States; 5Department of Infectious Disease, University of Georgia, Athens, United States; 6Center for Tropical Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, United States; 7Center for Vaccines and Immunology, University of Georgia, Athens, United States; 8River Basin Center, University of Georgia, Athens, United States Abstract Zika is an emerging virus whose rapid spread is of great public health concern. Knowledge about transmission remains incomplete, especially concerning potential transmission in geographic areas in which it has not yet been introduced. To identify unknown vectors of Zika, we developed a data-driven model linking vector species and the Zika virus via vector-virus trait combinations that confer a propensity toward associations in an ecological network connecting flaviviruses and their mosquito vectors. Our model predicts that thirty-five species may be able to transmit the virus, seven of which are found in the continental United States, including Culex quinquefasciatus and Cx. pipiens. We suggest that empirical studies prioritize these species to confirm predictions of vector competence, enabling the correct identification of populations at risk for transmission within the United States. *For correspondence: mvevans@ DOI: 10.7554/eLife.22053.001 uga.edu Competing interests: The authors declare that no competing interests exist. -
Identification Key for Mosquito Species
‘Reverse’ identification key for mosquito species More and more people are getting involved in the surveillance of invasive mosquito species Species name used Synonyms Common name in the EU/EEA, not just professionals with formal training in entomology. There are many in the key taxonomic keys available for identifying mosquitoes of medical and veterinary importance, but they are almost all designed for professionally trained entomologists. Aedes aegypti Stegomyia aegypti Yellow fever mosquito The current identification key aims to provide non-specialists with a simple mosquito recog- Aedes albopictus Stegomyia albopicta Tiger mosquito nition tool for distinguishing between invasive mosquito species and native ones. On the Hulecoeteomyia japonica Asian bush or rock pool Aedes japonicus japonicus ‘female’ illustration page (p. 4) you can select the species that best resembles the specimen. On japonica mosquito the species-specific pages you will find additional information on those species that can easily be confused with that selected, so you can check these additional pages as well. Aedes koreicus Hulecoeteomyia koreica American Eastern tree hole Aedes triseriatus Ochlerotatus triseriatus This key provides the non-specialist with reference material to help recognise an invasive mosquito mosquito species and gives details on the morphology (in the species-specific pages) to help with verification and the compiling of a final list of candidates. The key displays six invasive Aedes atropalpus Georgecraigius atropalpus American rock pool mosquito mosquito species that are present in the EU/EEA or have been intercepted in the past. It also contains nine native species. The native species have been selected based on their morpho- Aedes cretinus Stegomyia cretina logical similarity with the invasive species, the likelihood of encountering them, whether they Aedes geniculatus Dahliana geniculata bite humans and how common they are. -
Expert Meeting on Chikungunya Modelling
MEETING REPORT Expert meeting on chikungunya modelling Stockholm, April 2008 www.ecdc.europa.eu ECDC MEETING REPORT Expert meeting on chikungunya modelling Stockholm, April 2008 Stockholm, March 2009 © European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, 2009 Reproduction is authorised, provided the source is acknowledged, subject to the following reservations: Figures 9 and 10 reproduced with the kind permission of the Journal of Medical Entomology, Entomological Society of America, 10001 Derekwood Lane, Suite 100, Lanham, MD 20706-4876, USA. MEETING REPORT Expert meeting on chikungunya modelling Table of contents Content...........................................................................................................................................................iii Summary: Research needs and data access ...................................................................................................... 1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................................... 2 Background..................................................................................................................................................... 3 Meeting objectives ........................................................................................................................................ 3 Presentations ................................................................................................................................................. -
Original Article Detection of the Invasive Mosquito
J Arthropod-Borne Dis, September 2020, 14(3): 270–276 L Ganushkina et al.: Detection of the … Original Article Detection of the Invasive Mosquito Species Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti and Aedes (Hulecoeteomyia) koreicus on the Southern Coast of the Crimean Peninsula Lyudmila Ganushkina1; Alexander Lukashev1; *Ivan Patraman1; Vladimir Razumeyko2; Еlena Shaikevich1,3 1Martsinovsky Institute of Medical Parasitology, Tropical and Vector-Borne Diseases, Sechenov First Moscow State Меdical University, Moscow, Russia 2Department of Ecology and Zoology Taurida Academia, Vernadsky Cremian Federal University, Simferopol, Republic of Crimea 3Vavilov Institute of General Genetics Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia (Received 24 Sep 2018; accepted 05 Sep 2020) Abstract Background: The incidence and area of arbovirus infections is increasing around the world. It is largely linked to the spread of the main arbovirus vectors, invasive mosquito of the genus Aedes. Previously, it has been reported that Aedes aegypti reemerged in Russia after a 50-year absence. Moreover, in 2011, Ae. albopictus was registered in the city of Sochi (South Russia, Black Sea coast) for the first time. In 2013, Asian Ae. koreicus was found in Sochi for the first time. Methods: Mosquitoes were collected using the following methods: larvae with a dip net, imago on volunteers and using bait traps. The mosquitoes were identified using both morphology and sequencing of the second internal transcribed spacer of the nuclear ribosomal RNA gene cluster. Results: In August 2016, Ae. koreicus larvae and imago and a single male of Ae. aegypti were found on the southern coast of the Crimean Peninsula, where they were not registered before. Newly obtained DNA sequences were registered in GenBank with the accession numbers MF072936 and MF072937. -
An Overview of Mosquito Vectors of Zika Virus
Microbes and Infection xxx (2018) 1e15 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Microbes and Infection journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/micinf An overview of mosquito vectors of Zika virus Sebastien Boyer a, Elodie Calvez b, Thais Chouin-Carneiro c, Diawo Diallo d, * Anna-Bella Failloux e, a Institut Pasteur of Cambodia, Unit of Medical Entomology, Phnom Penh, Cambodia b Institut Pasteur of New Caledonia, URE Dengue and Other Arboviruses, Noumea, New Caledonia c Instituto Oswaldo Cruz e Fiocruz, Laboratorio de Transmissores de Hematozoarios, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil d Institut Pasteur of Dakar, Unit of Medical Entomology, Dakar, Senegal e Institut Pasteur, URE Arboviruses and Insect Vectors, Paris, France article info abstract Article history: The mosquito-borne arbovirus Zika virus (ZIKV, Flavivirus, Flaviviridae), has caused an outbreak Received 6 December 2017 impressive by its magnitude and rapid spread. First detected in Uganda in Africa in 1947, from where it Accepted 15 January 2018 spread to Asia in the 1960s, it emerged in 2007 on the Yap Island in Micronesia and hit most islands in Available online xxx the Pacific region in 2013. Subsequently, ZIKV was detected in the Caribbean, and Central and South America in 2015, and reached North America in 2016. Although ZIKV infections are in general asymp- Keywords: tomatic or causing mild self-limiting illness, severe symptoms have been described including neuro- Arbovirus logical disorders and microcephaly in newborns. To face such an alarming health situation, WHO has Mosquito vectors Aedes aegypti declared Zika as an emerging global health threat. This review summarizes the literature on the main fi Vector competence vectors of ZIKV (sylvatic and urban) across all the ve continents with special focus on vector compe- tence studies. -
Table of Contents
Table of Contents Oral Presentation Abstracts ............................................................................................................................... 3 Plenary Session ............................................................................................................................................ 3 Adult Control I ............................................................................................................................................ 3 Mosquito Lightning Symposium ...................................................................................................................... 5 Student Paper Competition I .......................................................................................................................... 9 Post Regulatory approval SIT adoption ......................................................................................................... 10 16th Arthropod Vector Highlights Symposium ................................................................................................ 11 Adult Control II .......................................................................................................................................... 11 Management .............................................................................................................................................. 14 Student Paper Competition II ...................................................................................................................... 17 Trustee/Commissioner -
Aedes (Stegomyia ) Polynesiensis Marks
Aedes (Stegomyia) polynesiensis Marks Polynesian mosquito NZ Status: Not present –Unwanted Organisms © CINHP/G.MCCormaCk Vector and Pest Status Aedes polynesiensis is a veCtor of dengue, doG heartworm (Dirofilaria immitis) and filariasis (Wuchereria bancrofti) (Rosen, 1954; Lee et al., 1987). This speCies is also susceptible to infeCtion with Brugia pahangi and Brugia malayii (Trpis, 1981 in Lee et al., 1987). In the laboratory it has been shown to be Capable of transmitting Murray Valley enCephalitis (Rozeboom and MCLean, 1956 in Lee et al., 1987) Ross River virus (Gubler, 1981) and ChikunGunya (Richard, Paoaafaite and Cao-Lormeau, 2016a). The ability for Ae. polynesiensis to transmit Chikungunya is likely how the disease was able to spread rapidly thouGh areas where Ae. aegypti is sCarce or not present durinG an outbreak in FrenCh Polynesia in 2014-2015 (RiChard, Paoaafaite and Cao-Lormeau, 2016a). Aedes polynesiensis has also been found to be a veCtor for Zika virus, thouGh they had a low transmission rate (Calvez et al., 2018, Richard, Paoaafaite and Cao- Lormeau, 2016b) and while CompetenCe is poor they likely responsible for the spread of Zika virus where they are the predominate speCies (Richard, Paoaafaite and Cao-Lormeau, 2016b). Version 3: May 2019 Geographic Distribution Aedes polynesiensis is found only in the PaCific, in Fiji, Horne Islands, ElliCe Islands (Tuvalu), Tokelau Islands, Samoa, Northern and Southern Cook Islands, Marquesas Islands, SoCiety Islands, ManGarewa Islands, Alofi Island, Wallis and Futuna Island Austral Islands, Tuamotu ArChipelago and PitCairn Island (Lee et al., 1987). © 2006 M. Disbury SMS-NZB www.smsl.co.nz This map denotes only the Country or General areas where this speCies has been reCorded, not aCtual distribution Incursions and Interceptions Aedes polynesiensis has been interCepted on three ocCasions in New Zealand sinCe 2001. -
Male Mating Competitiveness of a Wolbachia-Introgressed Aedes Polynesiensis Strain Under Semi-Field Conditions" (2011)
University of Kentucky UKnowledge Entomology Faculty Publications Entomology 8-2-2011 Male mating competitiveness of a Wolbachia- introgressed Aedes polynesiensis strain under semi- field conditions Eric W. Chambers University of Kentucky Limb Hapairai Institut Louis Malardé, French Polynesia Bethany A. Peel University of Kentucky, [email protected] Hervé Bossin Institut Louis Malardé, French Polynesia Stephen L. Dobson University of Kentucky, [email protected] Right click to open a feedback form in a new tab to let us know how this document benefits oy u. Follow this and additional works at: https://uknowledge.uky.edu/entomology_facpub Part of the Entomology Commons Repository Citation Chambers, Eric W.; Hapairai, Limb; Peel, Bethany A.; Bossin, Hervé; and Dobson, Stephen L., "Male mating competitiveness of a Wolbachia-introgressed Aedes polynesiensis strain under semi-field conditions" (2011). Entomology Faculty Publications. 28. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/entomology_facpub/28 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Entomology at UKnowledge. It has been accepted for inclusion in Entomology Faculty Publications by an authorized administrator of UKnowledge. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Male mating competitiveness of a Wolbachia-introgressed Aedes polynesiensis strain under semi-field conditions Notes/Citation Information Published in PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, v. 5, no. 8, e1271. © 2011 Chambers et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Digital Object Identifier (DOI) http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0001271 This article is available at UKnowledge: https://uknowledge.uky.edu/entomology_facpub/28 Male Mating Competitiveness of a Wolbachia-Introgressed Aedes polynesiensis Strain under Semi-Field Conditions Eric W. -
Laboratory Colonization of Aedes Lineatopennis
LABORATORY COLONIZATION OF AEDES LINEATOPENNIS Atchariya Jitpakdi1, Anuluck Junkum1, Benjawan Pitasawat1, Narumon Komalamisra2, Eumporn Rattanachanpichai1, Udom Chaithong1, Pongsri Tippawangkosol1, Kom Sukontason1, Natee Puangmalee1 and Wej Choochote1 1Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai; 2Department of Medical Entomology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand Abstract. Aedes lineatopennis, a species member of the subgenus Neomelaniconion, could be colonized for more than 10 successive generations from 30 egg batches [totally 2,075 (34-98) eggs] of wild-caught females. The oviposited eggs needed to be incubated in a moisture chamber for at least 7 days to complete embryonation and, following immersion in 0.25-2% hay-fermented water, 61-66% of them hatched after hatching stimulation. Larvae were easily reared in 0.25-1% hay-fermented water, with suspended powder of equal weight of wheat germ, dry yeast, and oatmeal provided as food. Larval development was complete after 4-6 days. The pupal stage lasted 3-4 days when nearly all pupae reached the adult stage (87-91%). The adults had to mate artificially, and 5-day-old males proved to be the best age for induced copulation. Three to five-day-old females, which were kept in a paper cup, were fed easily on blood from an anesthetized golden hamster that was placed on the top- screen. The average number of eggs per gravid female was 63.56 ± 22.93 (22-110). Unfed females and males, which were kept in a paper cup and fed on 5% multivitamin syrup solution, lived up to 43.17 ± 12.63 (9-69) and 15.90 ± 7.24 (2-39) days, respectively, in insectarium conditions of 27 ± 2˚C and 70-80% relative humidity. -
Zoonosis Update
Zoonosis Update Rift Valley fever virus Brian H. Bird, ScM, PhD; Thomas G. Ksiazek, DVM, PhD; Stuart T. Nichol, PhD; N. James MacLachlan, BVSc, PhD, DACVP ift Valley fever virus is a mosquito-borne pathogen ABBREVIATIONS Rof livestock and humans that historically has been responsible for widespread and devastating outbreaks of BSL Biosafety level severe disease throughout Africa and, more recently, the MP-12 Modified passage-12x PFU Plaque-forming unit Arabian Peninsula. The virus was first isolated and RVF RT Reverse transcription disease was initially characterized following the sudden RVF Rift Valley fever deaths (over a 4-week period) of approximately 4,700 lambs and ewes on a single farm along the shores of Lake Naivasha in the Great Rift Valley of Kenya in 1931.1 Since on animals that were only later identified as infected 6,7 that time, RVF virus has caused numerous economically with RVF virus. The need for a 1-medicine approach devastating epizootics that were characterized by sweep- to the diagnosis, treatment, surveillance, and control of ing abortion storms and mortality ratios of approximately RVF virus infection cannot be overstated. The close co- 100% among neonatal animals and of 10% to 20% among ordination of veterinary and human medical efforts (es- adult ruminant livestock (especially sheep and cattle).2–4 pecially in countries in which the virus is not endemic Infections in humans are typically associated with self- and health-care personnel are therefore unfamiliar with limiting febrile illnesses. However, in 1% to 2% of affected RVF) is critical to combat this important threat to the individuals, RVF infections can progress to more severe health of humans and other animals. -
MS V18 N2 P199-214.Pdf
Mosquito Systematics Vol. 18(2) 1986 199 Biography of Elizabeth Nesta Marks Elizabeth Marks was born in Dublin, Ireland, on 28th April 1918 and was christened in St. Patrick's Cathedral (with which a parson ancestor had been associated), hence her nick-name Patricia or Pat. Her father, an engineering graduate of Trinity College, Dublin, had worked as a geologist in Queensland before returning to Dublin to complete his medical course. In 1920 her parents took her to their home town, Brisbane, where her father practiced as an eye specialist. Although an only child, she grew up in a closely knit family of uncles, aunts and cousins. Her grandfather retired in 1920 in Camp Mountain near Samford, 14 miles west of Brisbane, to a property known as "the farm" though most of it was under natural forest. She early developed a love of and interest in the bush. Saturday afternoons often involved outings with the Queensland Naturalists' Club (QNC), Easters were spent at QNC camps, Sundays and long holidays at the farm. Her mother was a keen horsewoman and Pat was given her first pony when she was five. She saved up five pounds to buy her second pony, whose sixth generation descendant is her present mount. In 1971 she inherited part of the farm, with an old holiday house, and has lived there since 1982. Primary schooling at St. John's Cathedral Day School, close to home, was followed by four years boarding at the Glennie Memorial School, Toowoomba, of which she was Dux in 1934. It was there that her interest in zoology began to crystallize.