DOCSLIB.ORG

Physiology and Molecular Characterization of Microbial Communities in Oil Sands Tailings Ponds

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Physiology and Molecular Characterization of Microbial Communities in Oil Sands Tailings Ponds University of Calgary PRISM: University of Calgary's Digital Repository Graduate Studies The Vault: Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2013-01-25 Physiology and Molecular Characterization of Microbial Communities in Oil Sands Tailings Ponds Ramos Padron, Esther Ramos Padron, E. (2013). Physiology and Molecular Characterization of Microbial Communities in Oil Sands Tailings Ponds (Unpublished doctoral thesis). University of Calgary, Calgary, AB. doi:10.11575/PRISM/27356 http://hdl.handle.net/11023/494 doctoral thesis University of Calgary graduate students retain copyright ownership and moral rights for their thesis. You may use this material in any way that is permitted by the Copyright Act or through licensing that has been assigned to the document. For uses that are not allowable under copyright legislation or licensing, you are required to seek permission. Downloaded from PRISM: https://prism.ucalgary.ca UNIVERSITY OF CALGARY “Physiology and Molecular Characterization of Microbial Communities in Oil Sands Tailings Ponds” by Esther Ramos Padrón A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF GRADUATE STUDIES IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY DEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES CALGARY, ALBERTA JANUARY, 2013 © Esther Ramos-Padrón 2013 Abstract In northern Alberta, mining operations to obtain bitumen from the oil sands generates large volumes of tailings. These are a mixture of sand, clay, water, organic solvents and residual bitumen that are deposited into old open pits, creating tailings ponds, where they are allowed to settle with the final goal of land reclamation. To speed up the sedimentation process, the addition of gypsum (CaSO4 ∙ 2H2O) is currently a management approach used bysome companies. This creates a deep watery mud line with very low oxygen permeability and enough sulfate to support the growth of anaerobic microbial communities. In this thesis work, the microbial physiology and communities associated with oil sands tailings ponds were assessed. Chemical, physiological, and molecular biology approaches were used to determine the key microbial processes (methanogenesis, sulfate reduction/oxidation), identify key substrates, and determine the dominant microbial community members in the anaerobic and aerobic zones of tailings ponds. Microbial community analysis showed that in the anaerobic zone of tailings, the sulfate-reducing/disproportionating bacterium Desulfocapsa. and the sulfide oxidizer/iron reducer Thiobacillus sp. are among the most prevalent organisms when sulfate is present. After sulfate is depleted, methanogenic Archaea become predominantly active and Methanosaeta and Methanolinea in association with Syntrophus dominate in the ponds, presumably interacting to biodegrade the available organic compounds. The residual naphtha components that constitute part of the tailings composition are the preferred electron donors in anaerobic zones (in comparison to naphthenic acids) based on enrichment culture studies. In naphtha-amended laboratory cultures, a variety of methanogens in association with Thauera sp. and Desulfocapsa sp. became enriched as the dominant organisms. Overall, microbial community composition as a function of depth in tailings ponds paralleled key ii microbial processes that were measured (sulfate reduction and methanogenesis). In the aerobic surface water, other microbes with known metabolic capabilities to degrade hydrocarbon- derived compounds such as naphthenic acids were found. The results of this work also showed that operational changes to tailings ponds shift the microbial community structure and functions. For example, pond closure resulted in a shift from a predominantly methanogenic and sulfate-reducing environment to one dominated by putative hydrocarbon degraders, indicating a positive management outcome in microbial activity associated with pond closure. iii Acknowledgements I would like to deeply thank my supervisor Dr. Lisa Gieg for accepting me as her first PhD student. Thanks for sharing your knowledge and for the confidence in me. Thanks also for your kindness, support and guidance during these years. It was really a pleasure working with you. A huge gratitude to my co-supervisor Dr. Gerrit Voordouw for accepting me in his research group and for sharing his vast knowledge in the field of petroleum microbiology. Thanks for teaching me how to design experiments in the simplest way to get the greatest information out, and to better interconnect what we do in the lab to the industrial field. I would also like to thank Dr. Joseph Fournier and Dr. Dipo Omotoso from Suncor Energy Inc. for supplying all the tailings samples and for all the information regarding the tailings ponds operations. Also, many thanks to Lindsay Clothier and Carolina Berdugo for help with natural NA extraction and Kingsley Nze for help with some time course experiments. Thank you also to my committee members Dr. Michael Hynes and Dr. Alex de Visscher for your support and advice on my research. Thanks to all the members of the Gieg and Voordouw labs for sharing your knowledge and for your support. Especially, thanks to Dr. Akhil Agrawal for your guidance and help in the qPCR experiments. Also many thanks to my friends Sylvain Bordenave, Jane Fowler, Shawna Johnston and Carolina Berdugo for their support in the lab and in my personal life. iv I would also like to thank my mom, although far away, for her unconditional love and support during these difficult years of my life. Thanks for the daily phone calls sharing your wise and always certain advice when I most needed it. Last but not least, thanks to my children Fabian and Javier, to whom this thesis is dedicated, for their love and patience for not having an available mom every time they needed me. This work was supported in part by an NSERC Industrial Research Chair Award to Gerrit Voordouw, which was also supported by Aramco Services, Baker Hughes Incorporated, BP, Intertek-CML, the Computer Modelling Group Limited, ConocoPhillips Company, Shell Canada Limited, Suncor Energy, Yara International ASA and YPF SA as well as by Alberta Innovates-Energy and Environment Solutions. This work was also supported by funding to Gerrit Voordouw and Lisa Gieg from Genome Canada, Genome Alberta, the Government of Alberta and Genome BC. v Dedication To my children Fabian and Javier, vi Table of Contents Abstract ................................................................................................................................ ii Acknowledgements ............................................................................................................ iv Table of Contents .............................................................................................................. vii List of Tables ...................................................................................................................... xi List of Figures and Illustrations ........................................................................................ xiii List of Symbols, Abbreviations and Nomenclature ......................................................... xvi CHAPTER ONE: LITERATURE REVIEW ...................................................................... 1 1.1 Oil sands tailings pond formation.............................................................................. 1 1.1.1 Surface mining for bitumen extraction ............................................................. 1 1.1.2 Tailings pond composition ................................................................................ 6 1.1.3 Tailings pond management and environmental concerns ............................... 10 1.2 Microbiology of tailings ponds ............................................................................... 13 1.2.1 Tailings ponds: a niche for microbial activity................................................. 13 1.2.1.1 Sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) and methanogens ............................... 15 1.2.1.2 Iron reducing bacteria (IRB) ................................................................. 17 1.2.1.3 Nitrate reducing bacteria (NRB) ........................................................... 20 1.2.1.4 Aerobic microorganisms in tailings ponds ............................................ 20 1.2.2 Sources of carbon for organisms living in tailings ponds ............................... 23 1.2.3 Molecular biology techniques for unveiling microbes in tailings ponds ........ 27 CHAPTER TWO: HYPOTHESIS AND OBJECTIVES .................................................. 30 CHAPTER THREE: METHODS AND MATERIALS .................................................... 32 3.1 Sampling and origin of oil sands tailings samples .................................................. 32 3.2 Chemical techniques ................................................................................................ 35 3.2.1 Dissolved hydrogen sulfide concentrations in tailings .................................... 35 3.2.1.1 Preparation of reagents .......................................................................... 35 3.2.1.2 Assay procedure .................................................................................... 35 3.2.2 Dissolved hydrogen sulfide assay method for SOB experiments ................... 36 3.2.2.1 Preparation of reagents .......................................................................... 36 3.2.2.2 Assay procedure .................................................................................... 36 3.2.3 Anion
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Azorhizobium Doebereinerae Sp. Nov
    ARTICLE IN PRESS Systematic and Applied Microbiology 29 (2006) 197–206 www.elsevier.de/syapm Azorhizobium doebereinerae sp. Nov. Microsymbiont of Sesbania virgata (Caz.) Pers.$ Fa´tima Maria de Souza Moreiraa,Ã, Leonardo Cruzb,Se´rgio Miana de Fariac, Terence Marshd, Esperanza Martı´nez-Romeroe,Fa´bio de Oliveira Pedrosab, Rosa Maria Pitardc, J. Peter W. Youngf aDepto. Cieˆncia do solo, Universidade Federal de Lavras, C.P. 3037 , 37 200–000, Lavras, MG, Brazil bUniversidade Federal do Parana´, C.P. 19046, 81513-990, PR, Brazil cEmbrapa Agrobiologia, antiga estrada Rio, Sa˜o Paulo km 47, 23 851-970, Serope´dica, RJ, Brazil dCenter for Microbial Ecology, Michigan State University, MI 48824, USA eCentro de Investigacio´n sobre Fijacio´n de Nitro´geno, Universidad Nacional Auto´noma de Mexico, Apdo Postal 565-A, Cuernavaca, Mor, Me´xico fDepartment of Biology, University of York, PO Box 373, York YO10 5YW, UK Received 18 August 2005 Abstract Thirty-four rhizobium strains were isolated from root nodules of the fast-growing woody native species Sesbania virgata in different regions of southeast Brazil (Minas Gerais and Rio de Janeiro States). These isolates had cultural characteristics on YMA quite similar to Azorhizobium caulinodans (alkalinization, scant extracellular polysaccharide production, fast or intermediate growth rate). They exhibited a high similarity of phenotypic and genotypic characteristics among themselves and to a lesser extent with A. caulinodans. DNA:DNA hybridization and 16SrRNA sequences support their inclusion in the genus Azorhizobium, but not in the species A. caulinodans. The name A. doebereinerae is proposed, with isolate UFLA1-100 ( ¼ BR5401, ¼ LMG9993 ¼ SEMIA 6401) as the type strain.
    [Show full text]
  • University of Warwick Institutional Repository
    CORE Metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk Provided by Warwick Research Archives Portal Repository University of Warwick institutional repository: http://go.warwick.ac.uk/wrap This paper is made available online in accordance with publisher policies. Please scroll down to view the document itself. Please refer to the repository record for this item and our policy information available from the repository home page for further information. To see the final version of this paper please visit the publisher’s website. Access to the published version may require a subscription. Author(s): Hendrik Schäfer, Natalia Myronova and Rich Boden Article Title: Microbial degradation of dimethylsulphide and related C1- sulphur compounds: organisms and pathways controlling fluxes of sulphur in the biosphere Year of publication: 2010 Link to published version: http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1093/jxb/erp355 Publisher statement: This is a pre-copy-editing, author-produced PDF of an article accepted for publication in Journal of Experimental Botany following peer review. The definitive publisher-authenticated version Schäfer, H. et al. (2010). Microbial degradation of dimethylsulphide and related C1-sulphur compounds: organisms and pathways controlling fluxes of sulphur in the biosphere. Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol. 61(2), pp. 315-334 is available online at: http://jxb.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/full/61/2/315 Microbial degradation of dimethylsulfide and related C1-sulfur compounds: organisms and pathways controlling fluxes of sulfur in the biosphere Hendrik Schäfer*1, Natalia Myronova1, Rich Boden2 1 Warwick HRI, University of Warwick, Wellesbourne, CV35 9EF, UK 2 Biological Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK * corresponding author Warwick HRI University of Warwick Wellesbourne CV35 9EF Tel: +44 2476 575052 [email protected] For submission to: Journal of Experimental Botany 1 Abstract 2 Dimethylsulfide (DMS) plays a major role in the global sulfur cycle.
    [Show full text]
  • Which Organisms Are Used for Anti-Biofouling Studies
    Table S1. Semi-systematic review raw data answering: Which organisms are used for anti-biofouling studies? Antifoulant Method Organism(s) Model Bacteria Type of Biofilm Source (Y if mentioned) Detection Method composite membranes E. coli ATCC25922 Y LIVE/DEAD baclight [1] stain S. aureus ATCC255923 composite membranes E. coli ATCC25922 Y colony counting [2] S. aureus RSKK 1009 graphene oxide Saccharomycetes colony counting [3] methyl p-hydroxybenzoate L. monocytogenes [4] potassium sorbate P. putida Y. enterocolitica A. hydrophila composite membranes E. coli Y FESEM [5] (unspecified/unique sample type) S. aureus (unspecified/unique sample type) K. pneumonia ATCC13883 P. aeruginosa BAA-1744 composite membranes E. coli Y SEM [6] (unspecified/unique sample type) S. aureus (unspecified/unique sample type) graphene oxide E. coli ATCC25922 Y colony counting [7] S. aureus ATCC9144 P. aeruginosa ATCCPAO1 composite membranes E. coli Y measuring flux [8] (unspecified/unique sample type) graphene oxide E. coli Y colony counting [9] (unspecified/unique SEM sample type) LIVE/DEAD baclight S. aureus stain (unspecified/unique sample type) modified membrane P. aeruginosa P60 Y DAPI [10] Bacillus sp. G-84 LIVE/DEAD baclight stain bacteriophages E. coli (K12) Y measuring flux [11] ATCC11303-B4 quorum quenching P. aeruginosa KCTC LIVE/DEAD baclight [12] 2513 stain modified membrane E. coli colony counting [13] (unspecified/unique colony counting sample type) measuring flux S. aureus (unspecified/unique sample type) modified membrane E. coli BW26437 Y measuring flux [14] graphene oxide Klebsiella colony counting [15] (unspecified/unique sample type) P. aeruginosa (unspecified/unique sample type) graphene oxide P. aeruginosa measuring flux [16] (unspecified/unique sample type) composite membranes E.
    [Show full text]
  • A Microbiotic Survey of Lichen-Associated Bacteria Reveals a New Lineage from the Rhizobiales
    SYMBIOSIS (2009) 49, 163–180 ©Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2009 ISSN 0334-5114 A microbiotic survey of lichen-associated bacteria reveals a new lineage from the Rhizobiales Brendan P. Hodkinson* and François Lutzoni Department of Biology, Duke University, Box 90338, Durham, NC 27708, USA, Tel. +1-443-340-0917, Fax. +1-919-660-7293, Email. [email protected] (Received June 10, 2008; Accepted November 5, 2009) Abstract This study uses a set of PCR-based methods to examine the putative microbiota associated with lichen thalli. In initial experiments, generalized oligonucleotide-primers for the 16S rRNA gene resulted in amplicon pools populated almost exclusively with fragments derived from lichen photobionts (i.e., Cyanobacteria or chloroplasts of algae). This effectively masked the presence of other lichen-associated prokaryotes. In order to facilitate the study of the lichen microbiota, 16S ribosomal oligonucleotide-primers were developed to target Bacteria, but exclude sequences derived from chloroplasts and Cyanobacteria. A preliminary microbiotic survey of lichen thalli using these new primers has revealed the identity of several bacterial associates, including representatives of the extremophilic Acidobacteria, bacteria in the families Acetobacteraceae and Brucellaceae, strains belonging to the genus Methylobacterium, and members of an undescribed lineage in the Rhizobiales. This new lineage was investigated and characterized through molecular cloning, and was found to be present in all examined lichens that are associated with green algae. There is evidence to suggest that members of this lineage may both account for a large proportion of the lichen-associated bacterial community and assist in providing the lichen thallus with crucial nutrients such as fixed nitrogen.
    [Show full text]
  • Mitigating Biofouling on Reverse Osmosis Membranes Via Greener Preservatives
    Mitigating biofouling on reverse osmosis membranes via greener preservatives by Anna Curtin Biology (BSc), Le Moyne College, 2017 A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of MASTER OF APPLIED SCIENCE in the Department of Civil Engineering, University of Victoria © Anna Curtin, 2020 University of Victoria All rights reserved. This Thesis may not be reproduced in whole or in part, by photocopy or other means, without the permission of the author. Supervisory Committee Mitigating biofouling on reverse osmosis membranes via greener preservatives by Anna Curtin Biology (BSc), Le Moyne College, 2017 Supervisory Committee Heather Buckley, Department of Civil Engineering Supervisor Caetano Dorea, Department of Civil Engineering, Civil Engineering Departmental Member ii Abstract Water scarcity is an issue faced across the globe that is only expected to worsen in the coming years. We are therefore in need of methods for treating non-traditional sources of water. One promising method is desalination of brackish and seawater via reverse osmosis (RO). RO, however, is limited by biofouling, which is the buildup of organisms at the water-membrane interface. Biofouling causes the RO membrane to clog over time, which increases the energy requirement of the system. Eventually, the RO membrane must be treated, which tends to damage the membrane, reducing its lifespan. Additionally, antifoulant chemicals have the potential to create antimicrobial resistance, especially if they remain undegraded in the concentrate water. Finally, the hazard of chemicals used to treat biofouling must be acknowledged because although unlikely, smaller molecules run the risk of passing through the membrane and negatively impacting humans and the environment.
    [Show full text]
  • Design and Evaluation of Novel Primers for the Detection of Genes Encoding Diverse Enzymes of Methylotrophy and Autotrophy
    Polish Journal of Microbiology 2012, Vol. 61, No 1, 11–22 ORIGINAL PAPER Design and Evaluation of Novel Primers for the Detection of Genes Encoding Diverse Enzymes of Methylotrophy and Autotrophy WEI"LIAN HUNG1, WILLIAM G. WADE 1*, YIN CHEN2, DONOVAN P. KELLY 2 and ANN P. WOOD 3 1 King’s College London Dental Institute, Microbiology, Guy’s Campus, London, SE1 9RT, UK 2 School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK 3 Department of Biochemistry, King’s College London, Henriette Raphael House, Guy’s Campus, London SE1 1UL, UK Received 18 January 2012, revised 10 February 2012, accepted 10 February 2012 Abstract !e phylogenetic significance of the diversity of key enzymes of methylotrophic and autotrophic metabolism is discussed. Primers for these key enzymes were designed using gene sequences encoding methanol dehydrogenase ( mxaF ; using subsets from database sequences for 22 Bacteria), hydroxypyruvate reductase ( hpr ; 36 sequences), methylamine dehydrogenase ( mauA ; 12 sequences), methanesulfonate monooxygenase ( msmA ; four sequences), and the ccbL and cbbM genes of ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase (26 and 23 sequences). !ese were e#ective in amplifying the correct gene products for the target genes in reference organisms and in test organisms not previously shown to contain the genes, as well as in some methylotrophic Proteobacteria isolated from the human mouth. !e availability of the new primers increases the probability of detecting diverse examples of the genes encoding these key enzymes both in natural populations
    [Show full text]
  • Aerobic Hydrocarbon-Degrading Microbial Communities in Oilsands Tailings Ponds
    University of Calgary PRISM: University of Calgary's Digital Repository Graduate Studies The Vault: Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2016 Aerobic Hydrocarbon-degrading Microbial Communities in Oilsands Tailings Ponds Rochman, Fauziah Rochman, F. (2016). Aerobic Hydrocarbon-degrading Microbial Communities in Oilsands Tailings Ponds (Unpublished doctoral thesis). University of Calgary, Calgary, AB. doi:10.11575/PRISM/24733 http://hdl.handle.net/11023/3508 doctoral thesis University of Calgary graduate students retain copyright ownership and moral rights for their thesis. You may use this material in any way that is permitted by the Copyright Act or through licensing that has been assigned to the document. For uses that are not allowable under copyright legislation or licensing, you are required to seek permission. Downloaded from PRISM: https://prism.ucalgary.ca UNIVERSITY OF CALGARY Aerobic Hydrocarbon-degrading Microbial Communities in Oilsands Tailings Ponds by Fauziah Fakhrunnisa Rochman A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF GRADUATE STUDIES IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY GRADUATE PROGRAM IN BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES CALGARY, ALBERTA DECEMBER, 2016 © Fauziah Fakhrunnisa Rochman 2016 Abstract Oilsands process-affected water (OSPW), produced by the surface-mining oilsands industry in Alberta, Canada, is alkaline and contains salts, various metals, and hydrocarbon compounds. In this thesis, aerobic communities involved in several key biogeochemical processes in OSPW were studied. Degradation of several key hydrocarbons was analyzed in depth. Benzene and naphthalene were used as models for aromatic hydrocarbons, in which their oxidation rates, degrading communities, and degradation pathways in OSPW were researched. The potential oxidation rates were 36.7 μmol L-1 day-1 for benzene and 85.4 μmol L-1 day-1 for naphthalene.
    [Show full text]
  • Characterisation of Hexane-Degrading Microorganisms from Waste Gas Biofilters
    CHARACTERISATION OF HEXANE-DEGRADING MICROORGANISMS FROM WASTE GAS BIOFILTERS DISSERTATION zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades eines Doktors der Naturwissenschaften (Dr. rer. nat.) Eingereicht am Fachbereich Biologie/Chemie der Universität Osnabrück 1. Gutachter: Prof. Dr. K. Altendorf 2. Gutachter: Priv.-Doz. Dr. A. Lipski vorgelegt von Michèle Martine Friedrich aus Osnabrück Osnabrück, November 2005 In loving memory of Inge Naismith Acknowledgements I am grateful that Prof. Dr. Karlheinz Altendorf gave me the opportunity to work and start my Ph.D. studies in his department and to work in such an interesting field of microbiological research. I thank Priv.-Doz. Dr. André Lipski for introducing me to bacterial taxonomy, biomarkers and among other things GC/MS. I really miss working with fatty acids. Maybe we will find means of future collaborations! Additionally, I would like to thank all colleagues in Osnabrück for having made my time in Osnabrück scientifically and privately a successful and content time. I would also like to thank my husband for his patience and support; and all my family and friends for their understanding. I am looking forward to share more spare time with all of you in the near future. Contents I. Introduction........................................................................................................................1 Biofiltration: Treatment of waste gas ..................................................................................1 Cultivation-dependent and -independent approaches ........................................................2
    [Show full text]
  • 2018 Boden and Hutt DMS DMSO
    University of Plymouth PEARL https://pearl.plymouth.ac.uk Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Biological and Marine Sciences 2018-10-31 Bacterial Metabolism of C1 Sulfur Compounds Boden, R http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/12734 Springer Nature Switzerland All content in PEARL is protected by copyright law. Author manuscripts are made available in accordance with publisher policies. Please cite only the published version using the details provided on the item record or document. In the absence of an open licence (e.g. Creative Commons), permissions for further reuse of content should be sought from the publisher or author. Bacterial Metabolism of C1 Sulfur Compounds Rich Boden and Lee P. Hutt Contents 1 Introduction and Overview ................................................................... 2 2 Handling, Quantifying, and Synthesizing C1 Organosulfur Compounds ................... 5 2.1 Quality, Storage, and Disposal ......................................................... 5 2.2 Determination of C1 Organosulfur Compounds in Cultures . ........................ 8 2.3 Isotopic Labeling for Ecological and Physiological Studies . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 12 3 Pathways of C1 Organosulfur Compound Metabolism ...................................... 18 3.1 De Bont Pathway ....................................................................... 20 3.2 Visscher-Taylor Pathway ............................................................... 20 3.3 Smith-Kelly Pathway ................................................................... 21
    [Show full text]
  • Microbial Communities with Distinct Denitrification Potential in Spruce
    www.nature.com/scientificreports Correction: Author Correction OPEN Microbial communities with distinct denitrifcation potential in spruce and beech soils difering in nitrate Received: 15 March 2017 Accepted: 14 July 2017 leaching Published: xx xx xxxx Jiří Bárta1, Karolina Tahovská1, Hana Šantrůčková1 & Filip Oulehle2 Nitrogen leaching owing to elevated acid deposition remains the main ecosystem threat worldwide. We aimed to contribute to the understanding of the highly variable nitrate losses observed in Europe after acid deposition retreat. Our study proceeded in adjacent beech and spruce forests undergoing acidifcation recovery and difering in nitrate leaching. We reconstructed soil microbial functional characteristics connected with nitrogen and carbon cycling based on community composition. Our results showed that in the more acidic spruce soil with high carbon content, where Acidobacteria and Actinobacteria were abundant (Proteo:Acido = 1.3), the potential for nitrate reduction and loss via denitrifcation was high (denitrifcation: dissimilative nitrogen reduction to ammonium (DNRA) = 3). In the less acidic beech stand with low carbon content, but high nitrogen availability, Proteobacteria were more abundant (Proteo:Acido = 1.6). Proportionally less nitrate could be denitrifed there (denitrifcation:DNRA = 1), possibly increasing its availability. Among 10 potential keystone species, microbes capable of DNRA were identifed in the beech soil while instead denitrifers dominated in the spruce soil. In spite of the former acid deposition impact, distinct microbial functional guilds developed under diferent vegetational dominance, resulting in diferent N immobilization potentials, possibly infuencing the ecosystem’s nitrogen retention ability. Since the industrial period, atmospheric sulphur (S) and nitrogen (N) deposition has become one of the main drivers for changing ecosystem biogeochemistry.
    [Show full text]
  • Organic and Inorganic Pb Affects Autochthonous Bacterial
    UNIVERSITÀ DEGLI STUDI DI VERONA DIPARTIMENTO DI BIOTECNOLOGIE DOTTORATO DI RICERCA IN: BIOTECNOLOGIE MOLECOLARI INDUSTRIALI ED AMBIENTALI XXIII CICLO Organic and inorganic Pb affects autochthonous bacterial communities and phytoextraction potentials of plant species grown in a formerly industrial soil contaminated by tetraethyl-lead S.S.D. AGR16 Coordinatore: Prof. Roberto Bassi Tutor: Prof. Giovanni Vallini Co-Tutor: Dott.ssa Silvia Lampis Dottoranda: Dott.ssa Anita Ferrari Table of contents i Table of Contents Table of contents Table of contents ................................................................................................................................. i Table of contents .............................................................................................................................ii Abbreviations .................................................................................................................................. vi Abstract/Riassunto .............................................................................................................................. 7 Abstract .......................................................................................................................................... 8 Riassunto ...................................................................................................................................... 16 1. Introduction .................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Caractérisation Phénotypique De Bactéries Isolées À Partir Des Gommes De Plantes
    REPUBLIQUE ALGERIENNE DEMOCRATIQUE ET POPULAIRE MINISTERE DE L’ENSEIGNEMENT SUPERIEUR ET DE LA RECHERCHE SCIENTIFIQUE CENTRE UNIVERSITAIRE BELHADJ BOUCHAIB D’AIN-TEMOUCHENT Institut des Sciences Département des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie Mémoire Pour l’obtention du Diplôme de Master en Sciences Biologiques Option : Microbiologie appliquée Présenté par : Melle Boudour Noura Melle Rouba Achouak Caractérisation phénotypique de bactéries isolées à partir des gommes de plantes Encadrant : M. Sofiane Mourad BENYAMINA Maître de Conférences « B » au C.U.B.B.A.T Soutenu le 06 /09/2020 Devant le jury composé de : Président : Dr. Mahfoud BAKLI (MCB) CUBBAT Examinatrice : Dr. Meriem LACHACHI (MCB) CUBBAT Encadrant : Dr. Sofiane Mourad BENYAMINA (MCB) CUBBAT Remerciements Nous adressons en premier lieu notre reconnaissance à notre DIEU le tout puissant, de nous avoir permis d’en arriver là, car sans lui rien n’est possible. Nous remercions vivement, notre encadreur Monsieur Benyamina .S, pour avoir accepté de nous encadrer et d’assurer la direction de ce travail, et pour nous avoir apporté la rigueur scientifique nécessaire à son bon déroulement, qu’il soit rassuré de notre profonde gratitude. Nous exprimons nos respectueux dévouements à Monsieur Bakli.M , pour l’honneur qu’il nous fait en acceptant de présider la commission d’examen de ce mémoire. A Madame Lachachi pour nous avoir accordée de son temps, pour sa précieuse contribution à notre formation et d’avoir aimablement accepté d’être membres du jury. L’ensemble des enseignants du centre universitaire Belhadj Bouchaib qui ont contribué à notre formation durant les 5 années particulièrement ceux de l’option biologie.
    [Show full text]