IMPACT OF QUALITY AUDIT FOR SUSTAINABLE SANITATION CULTURE

1 BHARTI FOUNDATION LAUNCHED IN 2000 AS THE DEVELOPMENT ARM OF BHARTI ENTERPRISES TRANSFORMING , ONE VILLAGE AT A TIME

Vision 2 To help underprivileged children and young people of our country realize their potential Introduction

Bharti Foundation was setup in 2000 as the philanthropic arm of Bharti Enterprises; implementing and supporting programs for the underprivileged in the field of education, sanitation and most recently legal assistance.

Aim: To make quality education accessible to underprivileged children in rural India. Implement and Support programs in primary/elementary, senior secondary and higher education. Transform the children into educated, employable and responsible citizens of tomorrow Develop a sense of commitment to the communities in which they live. Continuing the tradition of contributing towards the nation’s agenda, the Foundation has initiated ‘Satya Bharti Abhiyan’, to improve sanitation facilities in rural .

PROGRAMS Satya Bharti School Program Satya Bharti Learning Centres Satya Bharti Quality Satya Bharti Abhiyan Nyaya Bharti 253 Schools in 6 states 942 Centres (379 Support Program 12,723 Individual 42,419 Students Operational, 563 closed) toilets handed over Launched in November 2015 to 49% Girls; 75% 22,982 Students impacted 89 Government 559 Villages covered 15,196 Mainstreamed schools in 4 states provide legal and (SC/ST/OBC) 63,050 Beneficiaries financial assistance 50% Girls 30,950 Students 1657 Teachers 14 Girls’ Toilets in to underprivileged 57% Female Teachers 325 Education Volunteers 1590 Teachers Government schools under trials NOTE: Status on 30th April-16 Program Announcement

Inspired by the Honorable Prime Minister, Mr. Narendra Modi’s speech on 15th Aug 2014, and supporting “Swachh Bharat Mission”, Bharti Foundation Announced – Satya Bharti Abhiyan on 18th August 2014

4 Satya Bharti Abhiyan - Launched on 18th Aug’14 ‘Satya Bharti Abhiyan’ is an initiative to improve sanitation facilities in rural Ludhiana, Punjab. Focus area is to improve the sanitation facilities by providing access to toilets. Objectives:

To achieve this vision Bharti Foundation has offered to spend upto Rs.100 Crore:

1. To construct toilets in individual households where such facilities are lacking.

2. To improve sanitation facilities in Government schools in rural Ludhiana by building new toilets for girls, where no separate toilets for girls exist. Scope: Over 900 + villages across rural Ludhiana

Exclusions: Toilets not to be constructed in urban areas and in private schools. Journey Agreement with Humana People to People India signed on 24th August’15 for a pilot of 100 IHHLs

Agreement with AFHTAC (HFH) signed on 8th for 500 toilets Agreement with Turnstone Dec’14 th & further contract extended Global signed on 20 July’15 for a pilot of 100 Individual Toilets Nov’14, Sample toilets constructed in Hambran Village by Sulabh Agreement with Sintex Infra Ltd. International signed on 24th Nov’14 for 500 toilets, contract extended

Launched on Agreement with Sulabh International 18th August’14 signed on 9th October’14 for 12,000 toilets

Prime Minister, Mr. Narendra Modi’s speech on 15th August’14, to support “Swachh Bharat Mission Problem Statement

As per Census 2011: • 267,046 households residing in rural area of . • An Estimated 13% do not have access to Individual Toilets • Nirmal Bharat Abhiyan (NBA) through base line survey done in year 2012, had estimated that 10% of households do not have access to individual household latrines (hereafter referred as IHHLs) Thus, • As per NBA data, there are 26,705 (10% of 267,046) households, and • As per census 2011, there are 34,715 households (13 % 267046) not having access to toilets and need support. Since, NBA survey 2012 is latest, therefore 27,000 approx. toilets to be constructed.

7 Program Implementation Strategy

I. Project duration: 3 years starting from October 2014 to September 2017. Components i. Household baseline survey in 900+ villages : Identify and prepare list of households / schools without toilets ii. Construction of 27,000 Household Latrines (approx., actuals based on survey) iii. Construction of 14 girls toilet (actuals based on schools identified by Education Department) iv. IEC to the extent possible.

II. Project implementation: On ground implemented by technical organization having : i. Experience in sanitation issues and constructing sanitation facilities ii. Past track record in undertaking large scale sanitation project. iii. Demonstrated cost effective, quality and lasting toilet designs

III. Criteria for Individual toilet construction: i. Only one toilet shall be constructed in a household where no toilet exists. ii. A household consists of a group of people (any number) living in a house which is enclosed by a boundary wall (char diwari) iii. Eligibility for a toilet by a household is not subject to any other criteria such as gender, income, etc. 8 Twin Pit model of Toilet

Various super structures, sewage treatment and disposal systems were considered and evaluated.

On evaluation, finally a brick and mortar/ prefabricated super structure, for the “WC”/ seat, with two leach pits was selected.

9 Features of “Twin Pit toilet”

1. Hygienically and technically cost effective and appropriate. 2. Socio-culturally acceptable. 3. Easy to construct with locally available materials. 4. Needs only 1 to 1.5 liters of water for flushing, while conventional flush toilet needs 12 to 14 liters of water. 5. Easy and cost effective to operate and repair/ maintain in rural areas. 6. Eliminates mosquito, insect and fly breeding. - Free from health hazards. 7. Pits are generally designed for 3 years de-slugging interval. Once first pit is full, it is blocked and second pit is put into use. The sludge gets converted in to manure in two years and may be safely removed. This cycle can be repeated indefinitely. 8. Needs less space and is cheaper than a septic tank toilet system. 9. Does not need scavengers for cleaning the pits or disposal of sludge. 10. Makes available rich fertilizer and soil conditioner.

10 Evaluations for selecting the Model

Toilet designs for feasibility Super structure for feasibility Tech Know Type of Acceptabil Aesthetic Sl. No Sub Structure Cost Effectiveness Maintenance Repairs how reqd for Super Manufacturer Strength ity in Repair Looks op structure villages 1 Pit latrine NOT RECOMMENDED: NOT FULLY SANITARY LATRINE Plastic Body Syntex Least Worst Least Difficult

2 Single Leach Pit L1 Least High Locally Least PUF Panel Syntex Medium Medium Medium Difficult MS Frame Enertech & HP 3 Twin Leach Pit 2 X L1 Medium Medium Locally Least and cement Medium Medium Medium Difficult Ltd board

Cardboard Septic Tank & Honey Comb 4 10 x L1 Highest Least Locally Medium Vespar Medium Best Medium Difficult Soak Pit panel with bison board Brick & Expert 5 Bio Digester 10 x L1 High Highest High Mortar Sulabh Max Medium Max Easy required without tiles

11 Key Processes of Program Implementation

1. Beneficiary identification • Involving Gram Panchayat representatives for inviting applications from households. • House visit by implementing partner representative and correction in the list. • Display of posters with names of identified beneficiaries for community ownership of selections. • Including additional or exclusion of beneficiaries (if any). • Sample verification by Bharti Foundation representative. 2. Construction of Individual House Hold Latrine in respective houses 3. Beneficiary education on usage and maintenance 4. Documentation • Receive certificate from beneficiaries. • Photograph of beneficiaries with constructed toilet. • Copy of government identification proof. • Certificate from Sarpanch. 6. Monitoring usage of toilets Agency to study the percentage of toilets in use - one year after construction. • 12 Program Implementation: Start-Up Activities

• Preliminary survey to estimate the Individual Toilets needs.

• Liaison with government and various vendor.

• Identification of suitable and experienced vendor.

• Sampled Toilet construction and improvements.

• Scale up with vendors.

• Formulation of Quality standard, Process, Protocols and

monitoring mechanism.

• Design IEC material and Process. House Hold Survey Program Implementation: Start-Up Activities cont…

August –September 2014: Technical and Programmatic Feasibility Study - Interactions held with

• Research Institute of Compassionate Economics (RICE) team who surveyed on sanitation, quality, usage, access and trends (SQUAT).

• Founder and experts of Sulabh International who are pioneers in sanitation movement in India.

• Industries like Vespar and Sintex who are manufactures and sellers of various types of pre-fabricated toilets.

• DSM a company in India who are pioneered glass reinforced plastic (GRP) for building construction.

• Enertech Engineering Pvt. Ltd. (Authorized project executors of Hindustan Prefab Ltd) use Light Gauge Steel Frames and Fibers Cement Boards.

• District Administration, Ludhiana including Deputy Commissioner and Additional Deputy Commissioner (Development) for support in survey and implementation.

• Department of Water Supply and Sanitation, Ludhiana to understand ground situation and supporting IEC campaign during execution. GOVERNMENT GIRLS SCHOOL TOILETS

15 Background: Girls Toilets in Government Schools

Director General School Education (DGSE) – Data

• Schools without girls toilet : 15 Primary schools • Girls enrollment : 648 • Government data shows : 1 toilet common for boys and girls

Action: Team visits

Recommendation: Construct 14 girls toilets out of which 06 with CWSN (Children with Special Needs) facilities

Analysis:

 14 schools do not have a separate toilet for girls, available common toilets were asked to used boys and girls.

 1 Government Primary School (GPS) is running on a land which is under dispute and has no sanitation facility for children; school building is in a dilapidated state. Hence Toilet construction not recommended.

16 Girls toilet design and Status

17 Girls Toilets in Government Schools

Existing Toilet in Govt. Schools New Toilet Provided by Bharti Foundation

Motor brick Model

Pre- fabricated Model 18 Program Implementation-Awareness, IEC (Information, Education and Communication)

 Gramsabhas organized in each village.  Information booklets for Individuals household and Panchyat distributed.  Banners (Four Types for each villages).  Awareness Rallies : One rally per 20 villages.

19 Information, Education and Communication: Banners

20 Program Implementation : Capacity Building

For Smooth Implementation of our Project, Capacity Building was done for vendor teams.

Training was provided on various approaches of IEC promoting Behavioral change & Surveys as well as for construction Quality and maintenance of toilets.

21 Partnership for Individual Toilets

IHHL Toilet - MoU vs Constructed Satya Bharti Abhiyan is being implemented in partnership with 5 NGOs of national Contract Given as MoU Total nos of Toilet Constructed till 30th April' 2016 repute , having past experience of similar 12000 kind of sanitation project.

9724

3000 2439

1500 1093 517 373 100 100

Sulabh Sintex Infra Pvt. AFHTAC Humana People to Turnstone Global International Ltd People

22 Village Wise Progress of Satya Bharti Abhiyan

Number of villages in which Survey Completed in 877 Villages Vendor Name 580 Survey Toilets Handed 600

Completed Over 500

400

Sulabh International 580 413 300 192

200 77 7 Sintex 192 122 100 18 0 AFHTAC (Habitat For SULABH SINTEX AFHTAC TURNSTONE HUMANA 77 59 Humanity) Toilets handed over in 614 Villages Turnstone Global 413 (agreement signed on 18 13 450 400 20/7/2015) 350 Humana People to 300 250 people (agreement 7 7 200 122 150 24/8/2015) 59 100 13 7 50 Total 874 614 0 SULABH SINTEX AFHTAC TURNSTONE HUMANA

NOTE: Status on 30th April-16 23 Unit Wise Progress of Satya Bharti Abhiyan

Satya Bharti Abhiyan Project Status - 30/04/2016 Number of Toilets Handed over Number of Toilets 12000 Vendor Name Toilets Handed Awaiting Under 9724 Total 10000 Completed over handover Construction e = (f+g) f g h i=(e+h) 8000 Sulabh International 9817 9724 93 970 10787 6000 Sintex 2517 2439 78 143 2660 4000 AFHTAC (Habitat For Humanity) 1361 1093 268 122 1483 2439 Turnstone Global (agreement 466 373 93 35 501 2000 1093 signed on 20/7/2015) 373 Humana People to people 100 100 100 0 0 100 (agreement 24/8/2015) 0 SULABH SINTEX AFHTAC TURNSTONE HUMANA Total 14261 13729 532 1270 15531

Number of Toilets Under Construction Number of Toilets to be Handover 1200 300 268 970 1000 250

800 200

600 150 93 93 400 100 78

200 143 122 50 35 0 0 0 0 SULABH SINTEX AFHTAC TURNSTONE HUMANA SULABH SINTEX AFHTAC TURNSTONE HUMANA

NOTE: Status on 30th April-16 24 Quality Tools Applied

25 Quality Control

1. Sample Survey done by Field Team  Selection of Beneficiaries  Quality of Material Used  Committed to deliver Quality work Design & Specification Adherence and benchmark.  IEC, Awareness & Usage of Toilet. 2. Checklist Link Internal Quality Control Mechanism 3. Quality Protocol Link was developed to reduce variation. 4. Quality Standard Link 5. Rigorous Audit by Quality Team. Quality Control tools were applied to meet the objectives. 6. Quality Certificate from Surpanch. 7. Quality Audit by External Agencies E&Y. 8. Appreciation letters by Government representatives.

26 Documentation

Beneficiary Handover Certificate In order to maintain accountability and transparency to the process, Foundation has robust handover process:

• Taking-over certificate for the beneficiary • Photographs of the beneficiary with respective toilet • Copy of a Government issued identification Certificate by the Sarpanch proof Gram Pachayat -Kotli • Certificate by the Sarpanch

27 Quality Assurance through Sample Quality Audit.

1. Aims & Objectives: • To analyze progress of Satya Bharti Abhiyan. • Understand process compliance based on MOU signed. • Beneficiaries selection process. • Quality of toilet construction. • Monitoring and supervision process.

2. Scope of IHHLAudit: Checking Specification of IHHL Audit was conducted as per the guidelines of MoU signed with the Second party -Affordable Housing Technical Assistance (AFHTAC), a trust setup by Habitat for Humanity International & Sintex Infra Projects Ltd, Sualabh International, Humana People to People & Turnstone Global, Protocols and Quality Standard for Satya Bharti Abhiyan shared with these second party. 258 toilets of 20 villages were audited.

Villages: Shankar, Gurm, Bounkar Gujran, Gawaddi, Hawas, Hambran, Nurpur, Alliwal, Bhata Dua, Bhukhri Kalan, Bhukhri Khurd, Kashi Khurd, Chakki, Manewal, Rahimabad Khurd, Chehlan, Bomb, Ikolahi, Bhamaddi, and Chima 0f Ludhiana district. An interaction with the beneficiaries were recorded covering necessary aspect of the project. During the audit almost all the aspects of completed and under construction toilets were inspected. 28 Quality Assurance through Sample Quality Audit

Audit Methodology: • Toilets were audited on sampling basis. • Selection was done on the basis of list of villages where Individual toilets were constructed or where construction work was in progress. • Village name was selected through Simple random Sampling. Functional toilets along with under construction toilets were audited. • During audit two standard data collection techniques i.e., Interview & Inspection method was adopted. • A standard set of questionnaires and checklists were prepared based on MoU signed as per the Quality standard and protocol shared with the partners. 29 Quality Assurance through Sample Quality Audit

No. of IHHL Name Of Village Audited In Bhatha Hawas, 7 Toilets Audited Dua, 4 Hambran Phase I 23 Alliwal, 7 Shankar, 23 Nurpur Phase I 10 Gawaddi, 11 Alliwal Phase I 7 Hambran, 23 Bounkar Bhatha Dua Phase I 4 Nurpur, 10 Gujran, 15 Shankar Phase II 23 Gurm Phase II 15 Gurm, 15 Bounkar Gujran Phase II 15 Gawaddi Phase II 11 Hawas Phase II 7 Phase I, Total Unit Audited: 44 Phase II, Total Unit Audited: 71 Bhukhri Kalan Phase III 15 Bhukhri Khurd Phase III 3 Khasi Khurd Phase III 22 Bhukhri Bhukhri Chima, 7 Chakki Phase III 11 Kalan, 15 Khurd, 3 Manewal Phase III 18 Rahimabad khurd, 28 Chehlan, 14 Rahimabad khurd Phase III 28 Bhamaddi, 10 Chehlan Phase IV 14 Khasi Bomb Phase IV 9 Khurd, 22 Manewal, Ikolahi Phase IV 6 18 Bomb, 9 Ikolahi, 6 Bhamaddi Phase IV 10 Chakki, 11 Chima Phase IV 7 Total 258 Phase III, Total Unit Audited: 97 Phase IV, Total Unit Audited: 46 Indicators Analyzed to Track Progress under Satya Bharti Abhiyan

CONTEXT INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT GOAL 1. No. of 1. Bharti 1. Selection of Beneficiaries. 1. Elimination of Progress made Household Foundation 2. Approval on Beneficiaries Open towards without access financial list. defecation. Universal rural to Sanitation. allocation and 3. Poster Display. 2. Improve Rural sanitation 2. One toilet be expenditure. 4. Resume to construction. Sanitation. coverage constructed to 2. Project 5. Daily/weekly report. 3. Privacy. House referred allocation 6. Numbering of Toilet. 4. Safety of to Char Block/Village 7. Information, Education and Family Diwari. level. Communication (IEC) members. 3. No 3. Monitoring through Gram Sabha. 5. Increased Discrimination through 8. Handover of Toilet. Comfort level. based on weekly, 9. Internal Process Audit. 6. Improve gender, income monthly report 10.Audit Report Sharing. Cleanliness. or any other through Central 11.Corrective Action Plan. 7. Respect in parameter MIS 12.CAP Closure. community. Phase-I Initial Audit observations  Project awareness among the beneficiaries was very poor.

 Selection of beneficiaries not done as per guidelines of MoU. Refer Link  Variation in the construction of toilets were observed.  Few toilets had no ventilation, few had two or more.  Doors used were of different quality and not as per the specification based on MoU.  Poor quality of wall paintings observed. Vol.- 01  Improper fixing of Seating pan.  Cracks were observed on the walls and the roofs.

 Incomplete plaster of walls. Refer Link  Floor was not constructed properly. Thin layer of cement/plaster was observed.  Few toilets were painted with blue & white color which was different from the approved colour scheme.

 Toilets code/ Numbers were not engraved properly. Vol.- 02  Standard number system was not followed in all villages. 32 Phase-II Audit observations

Highlights Refer Link • More than 50% toilets were completely handed over to the beneficiaries. • 84% completed toilets were found functional and beneficiaries were using toilets, stopping open defecation. • 100% audited beneficiaries stated that they regularly clean their toilets and during inspection we observed that it was properly cleaned. • Most of the beneficiaries were very happy with the initiative of constructing toilets in their own house. • Construction of new toilet has given family members respect. • Money or any type of bribe was not given to any of the contractor. Vol.- 03

Concerns • 16% completed toilets were found not functional and family members move outside for defecation. (Gurm & Shankar village of block. • 71 audited (toilets) had no household toilets before construction. 40% beneficiaries stated that female members using their relatives’ toilet and rest all were moving out for open defecation. • 65 % audited beneficiary’s house were of Pakka Makan and having all other facilities like TV, Fridge, washing machines etc. except toilets. • Villagers are less aware regarding the Satya Bharti Abhiyan. • Beneficiaries have less awareness regarding usage of water in these toilets. No knowledge regarding benefits after using the toilet and diseases occurring due to open defecation. • Vol.- 04

Refer Link 33 Phase-II Audit Individual Toilet

Scope: To check Quality of Construction and Specifications Highlights • 38 toilets out of 49 toilets constructed by AFHTAC (Habitat for Humanity) were fully constructed. • Overall construction work and finishing was observed in good condition. • Foot rest and rural pan was properly fitted. • Internal and external plaster work was quite satisfactory and fittings of door was also good. • Primer and paint was properly used on the door. • No major variation was observed in the dimension of doors, walls, height & inclination of roof & pit. • 7 out of 22 audited toilets constructed by Sintex Infra Project Ltd were completed and found functional, rest 15 were under construction.

Concerns Refer Link • Minor cracks were observed on the wall of the toilets. • Toilets junction chamber covers were not plastered and sealed in few toilets. • The prefabricated material used by Sintex was not up to the desired quality. • In many toilets H corner started rusting, minor cracks and some damage was also observed in SBA Audit Checklist prefabricated walls. • In doors, some fittings like handle, L drop, some screw and nut bolts were not fitted properly. • Overall strength of prefabricated super structure was not good and may not be durable in comparison to conventional structure. 34 Phase-II Audit Observations

Objective of Audit: To know about the awareness program and initiatives taken by second party to educate villagers regarding this project. The purpose was to understand the process of monitoring and complain handling, fault rectification mechanism.

• Information Education Campaigns (IEC) program was yet to start but initial awareness campaign was done by partner during survey and gram sabha was conducted.

• Pamphlets, posters and big flex were used to educate the beneficiaries regarding toilets.

• Small pamphlets were used during home visits.

• On completion of toilet construction, beneficiaries’ handover certificate was collected along with a valid government identity proof.

• Partner collected acknowledged letters from Sarpanch used for bill settlement.

• Concerns raised by beneficiaries were immediately addressed by partners through Bharti Foundation Sanitation team.

35 Phase-III Audit Observations

 H corner of some toilets has started rusting, minor cracks and some damage was also observed in prefabricated walls.  Some fittings like handle, L drop, some screw and nut bolts were not fitted properly in doors.

 In three cases, ID data/Number did not match with dated report. In two cases (CAK/MCH/04/Sep 15 & SINTEX/LDH/699) ID number did not match and Father’s Name did not match in one case (CAK/MCH/06/Sep 15).

 Villagers are less aware regarding the Satya Bharti Abhiyan and about the name of the company that constructed these toilets. Very few of the beneficiaries were able to state that it was built by Bharti Foundation or Airtel.

 Beneficiaries are less aware regarding usage of water in these toilets.

 In 24 out of 57 audited toilets plaster strength/quality was average. It starts eroding. In these toilets plaster found broken. Some photos are attached here.

 In few toilets minor cracks were observed on the wall and at few household toilets junction chamber plates were not plastered.

 Either money or any type of bribe was not given to any of the contractor.

36 Phase-IV Audit Observations

 5 out of 9 in Bhamaddi village, Toilet structure was completed by Sulabh International. Internal plaster on wall and finished surface were due. Handover process was not done.

 2 out of 14 audited toilets plaster was incomplete. Quality of plaster on the wall was average.

 90 % beneficiaries of all audited villages were aware about Satya Bharti Abhiyan and about the name Bharti Foundation constructed these toilets.

 Data of one family member Baldev Singh (CEL/SMA/SL – 34) from Chehlan village was mismatched with selection list.

 One beneficiary name (Pal Singh) in Bamb village was not mentioned in selection list but construction was on.

37 Quantitative Audit Observations through Radar Chart – Phase I Lack of awareness regarding Satya Bharti Abhiyan among Beneficiaries 90% 73% 80% 70% 60% Women used Open defication 50% Improper fixing of Seating Pan and before toilet construction 60% 40% foot rest 30% 20% 16% 10% 0% 16% 36% Constructed and hand over toilets Toilet floor and wall Plaster was were found not functional not done properly

85% Toilet Code was not mentioned as per sugested format and Not th rd NOTE: Phase I Audit from 19 & 23 Jan 2015 uniform in all audited toilets Quantitative Audit Observations – A Comparison Phase IV vs. Phase I Awareness level among Beneficiaries regarding Satya Bharti Abhiyan 100% 90% 90% 80% 70% Women go for Open defication or 97% 60% Seating Pan and foot rest were they uses relative toilets bfore 50% 27% properly fixed in audited IHHL toilet construction 60% 40% 30% 84% 20% 10% 10% Phase I 0% Phase IV

15% 64% Constructed and hand over toilets 84% Toilet floor and wall Plaster was were found functional during audit done properly in Audited IHHL 100% 96%

100% Uniform Toilet Code mentioned as NOTE: Phase IV Audit on 22nd & 23rd April 2016 per sugested format Quality Audit : At a Glance Cause & Effect Diagram

-

Partners NT

41 Recommendations

AFHTAC (Habitat For Humanity)

• Partners should increase monitoring and awareness activities and educate the beneficiaries to use the toilets and not to make it a store room. • Sanitation team along with partners should focus more on usage of toilets. • Focus on importance and benefits. • Structured IEC should be conducted with villagers and educate about the objectives of Satya Bharti Abhiyan. • Constitute more local member supervisory committee (Nigrani Committee) that can promote family members to use toilets. • Campaign promotion to stop open defecation.

For Sintex

• Defective parts and rusted H edge parts should not be used. • Accessories like handle, L drop and panel should be proper fixed. • Make adequate arrangements for watering of the plinth and pit slabs.

42 Ensuring Sustainability through Audit

Nigrani Committee Village Hawas - A Case Study • A convergence with Government Initiatives. • Team of four old ladies are members of Nigrani Committee of the village Hawas. • Created awareness among the villagers about toilet usage and its benefits. • Ensured that each member of the family must use the facility of toilet. • Nigrani committee conducted regular awareness sessions about benefits of toilet usage.

Members of Nigrani Committee in Village Hawas (Gayan Kaur, Preetam Kaur, Tej Kaur & Surjeet Kaur)

43 Learnings from Quality Audit

Pre Audit Information: The surveys performed under the Satya Bharti Abhiyan showed that there were large number of families who were not happy with open defecation and wanted a toilet in their homes but were unable to build due to their low incomes.

Post Audit Information: While interacting with the local communities, team Quality learnt that community members preferred the provision of fully functional toilets over subsidiaries or grants. A well designed and environment friendly functioning of toilet was considered a better option. Evaluating Parameters Feedback from Stakeholders

. Government Feedback. . Community feedback through meetings and audits. . Individual Beneficiary feedback. . Satisfaction surveys from families. . Life Changing Case Studies. . Feedback by Senior Management.

45 Appreciation and Accolades Mr. Rakesh Bharti Mittal felicitated by Panchayats

Appreciation and Accolades Media Coverage Gram Pachayat -Kotli

Gratitude through Greetings Letters from Sarpanchs District Administration: Civil Services Day 46 “This is what all I have been praying for whole of my life” Life Changing Case studies (Smiling Faces) Ms. Chandani W/o Mr. Bittu As Ghulam narrates – “I am very thankful to Bharti Foundation. My old parents had to face many problems which are over now.” “Now, I am not dependent on family for this kind Promoting equal access of Care (sewa), my daughter-in law is very good, for sanitation to Disable she never complaints but I was feeling pity on myself” – Jito Bai “Now I get time for other works and my mother can use toilet any time” – Kashmir Kaur

“I am happy that the Bhagwanti says- Protecting my foundation accepted my daughters from abuse used to be my application and provided prime concern while we used to me this toilet. I am relieved defecate in open. Sometimes, my of my pain and shame.”- daughter asked me why cant we have Parveen narrates toilets?. I had no answers except asking her to follow the tradition. Now, * Source WHO I motivate others also to use toilets. 47 Community Interaction By Co-Chairman, Mr. Senior Management Interaction Rakesh Bharti Mittal on occasion of Baishakhi

• CEO and Head-Construction interacted with community in Ludhiana. • CEO message: Toilets are their ‘Amanat’ and should be taken care by themselves. • All beneficiaries expressed happiness and reported satisfaction with quality and technology. CEO at World Toilet Day Event, New Delhi

Members from Bharti Infratel Interacting with Beneficiaries

48 Challenges  Complete Rural Project.  Identification of partners.  Limited capacity of partners to meet Bharti Foundation requirements.  Delivery of Quality from Partners and ensuring conformity.  Maintaining Integrity at contract level.  Unavailability of skilled labours led to delivery of Quality work.  Scarcity of materials slowed down the pace of project.  Receipt of large number of applications.  Mindset Issues of Beneficiaries.  Beneficiary verification and selection a tough task.  Lack of accurate data from secondary sources.  Limited Scope to do 100% Audit.  Community Mindset and Beneficiary education level.

49 Challenges Faced During the Project Implementation

Satya Bharti Abhiyan faced challenges during With illiteracy rates high among the the process of creating awareness about healthy underprivileged beneficiaries who were sanitation practices in rural areas. The team of provided the toilets, the Abhiyan team had to the Abhiyan worked hard to change the outlook work hard to explain the functionality & of the community members by explaining the maintenance of twin pit for pour flush benefits of having a toilet within their house. technology among beneficiaries.

Challenges

During the beneficiary identification period, a large number of applications were received Since each beneficiary household belonged to from non-needy households. The field team low income category, the houses were located often faced hurdles while verifying the in cramped spaces, the task of providing a toilet eligibility of the households registered under in such tight spaces was often a challenge. the scheme. IMPACT

51 Satya Bharti Abhiyan

Current Status : As on 31st march-16 Number of Direct Beneficiaries : 63,050 Number of IHHL* in various stages : :14,586 Handed over : 12,723 Awaiting hand over: 796 Under Construction: 1,067

Survey done in Villages : 829 Toilets handed over in Villages : 559

52 Sanitation Awareness Campaigns in Satya Bharti School

• Sanitation survey carried out among 35,308 students in 252 Satya Bharti Schools at the start of campaigns and at regular intervals.

• Latest survey findings: 3,853 toilets have been constructed in the homes of students and their families in six months of campaigning.

5 students of Satya Bharti School, Murshidabad (West Bengal) ensured toilet construction at their house by securing funds from the Minorities Commission. 53 Impact of Satya Bharti Abhiyan

Aims to Women of the In many Elderly The Abhiyan Encouraged a provide toilet villages where families it was people and received strong sense of to every the toilets have the women those with support from ownership been built feel members who various among household more secure motivated the disabilities stakeholders community lacking one and safe today family to apply have including members by without benefited They no longer for a toilet Gram instilling discriminati need to travel under Satya with the Panchayats, ownership ng on social at odd hours to Bharti comfort and Government with the or economic remote areas Abhiyan. dignity. Departments promise of backgrounds to defecate in as well as maintaining . the open. community the toilet and members. infrastructure. Sustainability of Satya Bharti Abhiyan

Sanitation Campaign by Satya Bharti school Students, Bharti Foundation Staff & Airtel Staff Hygiene Promotion School, Anganwadis, Primary Health centre

Project Hand holding community Follow-Up Sustainability for sustainability

Spot Check / Internal Quality Audit / Monitoring Community monitoring and Evaluation Third party (Audit) Evaluation … AND THE JOURNEY CONTINUES…

56