PEACE CORPS TIMES

t u, i?- t2 1 .\ > " i k $. )$ Ti 25th Anniversary Conference, a , , NovemberlDecember 1986 'i,$

b. b. k : ABOUT THE COVER-The long walk from the Caroline Kennedy presented the first annual Lincoln Memorial to Arlington National Ceme- John F. Kennedy Volunteer of the Year Awards to tery was led by a 1961 Volunteer carrying the (1 to r) Karen Gerdes of the Philippines, Maria Peace Corps flag with peace streamers and a Mojica, who serves in Paraguay and Donald 1986 Volunteer carrying the American flag. Beckley, a Volunteer in Niger.

Anniversary Photos-Cynthia Johnson From the Director

This special issue should give you slowly. an overall view of Peace Corps' 25th As we come to the holiday season Anniversary both in the United and the end of our 25th year, I count States and around the world. foremost in my blessings the distinct I would like to give you a brief re- privilege of representing you, the view of my own words at the Confer- Peace Corps Volunteer. Let us all re- ence in Washington. Because they commit ourselves to our overall were addressed to Returned Peace goal-the promotion of world peace Corps Volunteers my theme was and understanding. It is needed now about reconnecting and recommit- more than ever. tine." . . to reconnect with each other and Peace Corps and to recommit Ribadeneira, who spoke on behalf of themselves with action to the ideals all host countries at the Kennedy they had when they first served Peace Center Salute. Corps. For most who attended the "Humanity, in the 20th century, Washington event, many years had has burned its bridges in the frantic gone by since their Peace Corps ser- race for development. In this race, 1,oret Miller Kuppe vice. These few days of fellowship at there are those who are being left be- the conference had the desired hind, sometimes even without the effect. . . rekindling friendships, re- very basic needs for subsistence. In- dedication to ideals and motivation dividuals within societies such as *-G$ to carry on the work for peace they yours which have achieved, through had begun years ago. It was a time for great effort and determination, a de- re-charging. gree of affluence that humanity has There have been immediate and vis- not seen before, could forget that ible results of the conference. The there is a world out there that has not w membership of the National Council been able to break the barriers of pov- Peace Corps Times of Returned Peace Corps Volunteers erty, and sometimes, even of misery. has soared. Plans now are to estab- The people of the Peace Corps who Peace Corps Director lish a new and permanent NCRPCV have been in contact with these Loret Miller Ruppe office in Washington. Thousands realities become ambassadors of that Deputy Director have taken pen in hand or sat down world in need. Perhaps this is Edward Curran at their word processors to write Peace Corps' most important con- Acting Public Affairs Director about Peace Corps for their local I tribution." Donnan Runkel b newspapers and other publications. During our anniversary year, I was Peace Corps Times Editor They have learned the importance of able to participate in several overseas Dixie Dodd keeping Peace Corps alive in the pub- anniversary events and I met with Assistant Editor lic eye. These former PCVs are now many host country officials. They Gloria Ross echoed and elaborated on Ambassa- living the third goal. . . "To help pro- The Peace Corps Times is pub- dor Ribadeneira's thoughts. mote a better understanding of other lished by the Peace Corps, Wash- peoples on the part of Americans," As I started earlier, the conference ington, D.C. 20526. or as we say, "bringing the world in Washington was a time for re- back home." Americans must be charging for many, but it is nothing The views expressed in Peace educated to recognize the inter- like the renewal of spirit that I bring Corps Times are those of the indi- dependent world of the 1980's! back with me from visits to your vidual writers and do not neces- You, in the field, are living the first sites. sarily represent the official po- two goals.. . "To help the people of You Volunteers are what this anni- sition of the Peace Corps. The interested countries in meeting their versary was all about. Director has determined publica- needs for trained personnel," and You are carrying the torch lit by tion of this periodical is necessary "To help promote a better under- President Kennedy 25 years ago and in the transaction of the public standing of Americans on the part of which has been successfully passed business. Use of funds for printing the peoples served." I can say, with along to each Peace Corps Volunteer this periodical has been approved pride, that I can think of no other during the intervening 25 years. You by the Director of the Office of group that is representing the best of are the guardians of that torch and Management and Budget, United America around the world. must pass it on to those who serve States Government. Inquiries and It is expected that Peace Corps after you. I know you will hold it letters should be addressed to: would be proud of you and your high and keep it burning bright even Peace Corps Times, Room 1214, work, but so are others.. .the others through the frustrations and diffi- 806 Connecticut NW, Washing- you serve. I would like to quote the culties inherent in Volunteer life ton, D.C. 20526. Ambassador from Ecuador, Mario as development proceeds so very Peace Corps Times 25th Anniversary Conference of Returned Peace Corps Volunteers and Staff

Conference Schedule Second Panel Breakout Sessions: Meeting the Challenge Thursday, September 18th Peace Corps Tomorrow Congressional Reception Jody Olsen moderating (RPCVITogo) Informal Country Reunions Youth for Understanding Friday, September 19th RPCVs Tomorrow Conference Pavilion on the Mall Roger Landrum moderating (RPCVNigeria) Call to Order: Douglas Siglin (RPCVIZaire) Coalition for Peace Corps 25th Anniversary Chairman, Conference Planning Committee Welcome and Introductions: Roger Landrum Country of Service Reunions (RPCV/Nigeria) President. RPCVniVashington; Chairman, Saturday, September 20th Coalition for 25th Anniversary Speaker: A World of Challenges Speaker: Challenges to Peace: Oumarou Garba Youssoufou, Corazon Aquino, President, Ambassador and Executive Secretary of the Organization of Republic of the Philippines African Unity (OAU) to the United Nations Speaker: Continuing to Meet the Challenge: Panel: Opportunities for Service-Where Should Loret Miller Ruppe, Peace Corps Director RPCVs Go From Here? Christopher Dodd (RPCViDominican Republic) Panel Breakout Sessions: Challenges for Peace; U.S. Senator Opportunities for Action Roger Randle (RPCVIBrazil) Challenges for Action in Africa, Oklahoma State Senator David Crippens moderating (RPCVINigeria) KCET-TV, Los Angeles David Magnani (RPCVISierra Leone) Massachusetts State Representative Jennifer Whitaker (RPCVNigeria) Council on Foreign Affairs M. Peter McPherson (RPCVfferu) Administrator, USAID Leonard Robinson (RPCVIIndia) African Development Foundation Mike McCaskey (RPCVIEthiopia) President, Chicago Bears Naomi Tutu Seavers, South Africa, Bishop Tutu Refugee Fund Katy Hansen (RPCVNigeria) President, National Council of RPCVs Challenges for Action in Asia, Douglas Kiker moderating (former PC staff) NBC News Sargent Shriver Awards Ceremony Nancy Iris (RPCVIKenya, Philippines) Speaker: The Challenge! U.S. Committee for Refugees Sargent Shriver, Shin Bom Lee, South Korea, First Peace Corps Director International Center for Development Policy Steven Singer (RPCVIChile) Country of Service Updates Agency for International Development Country of Service Receptions Challenges for Action in Latin America, Joanne Omang moderating (RPCVlTurkey) Sunday, September 21st Washington Post Jack Hood Vaughn (former Peace Corps Director) Walk from Lincoln Memorial to Development Associates John F. Kennedy Gravesite Michael Curtin (RPCVIChile) Memorial Service with Bill Moyers at Inter-America Development Bank Arlington National Cemetery Kevin Healey (RPCVfferu) International Festival on the Mall Inter-America Foundation 25th Anniversary Salute to Peace Corps Challenges for Action in the USA, Jonathan Kwitny moderating (RPCVmigeria) Gala Concert at the Kennedy Center with the National Symphony, Wall Street Journal Harry Belafonte, Morgan State University Choir, Washington Fred Nolan (RPCVnran) Ploughshares, International Childrens Choir RPCVs Working for Peace Volunteer of the Year Awards to: Karen Gerdes, Philippines; Maria Mojica, Paraguay; Don Beckley, Niger. Presentation by Pablo Salcido (RPCVMonduras) El Paso, Texas Caroline Kennedy, daughter of John F. Kennedy Economic Development Department Kathleen Corey (RPCVILiberia) Remarks: His Excellency Mario Ribadeneira, Center for Applied Linguistics Ambassador of Ecuador to the United States J F K Volunteer of the Year Awards

One of the highlights of the Salute ularly sanitation education. Training ley teaches mechanics, repairs and to Peace Corps at the Kennedy Center materials have been translated into home improvements to villagers. was the presentation of the Volunteer the local language of Tagalog with Beckley is a graduate of Northwest of the Year Awards. Karen's guidance and a government Iowa Technical Institute. Caroline Kennedy presented the feeding program instituted. A gradu- Inter-America Region-was repre- awards, re-named this year in honor ate of Florida State University with a sented by Maria Mojica of Ponce, of her father as the John F. Kennedy masters from Brigham Young Univer- Puerto Rico who is posted in Asun- Volunteer of the Year Awards, to sity, Gerdes put her talents to use in cion, Paraguay. As an education Vol- Karen Gerdes, Maria Mojica and starting a poultry production pro- unteer, Mojica has won high praise Donald Beckley. These prestigious gram and rice and sari sari programs for her work with the Special Educa- awards are given to honorees nomi- as income-generating projects. tion Department of the Ministry of nated by their particular countries to Africa Region-was represented Education, winning a special award represent all Peace Corps Volunteers by Donald Beckley of Bellevue, Iowa from the government for her design from the three Peace Corps Regions. whose site is Chikal, Niger. On as- of a plan for individualized educa- NANEAP (North Africa, Near East, signment to the National Agronomy tion, which was subsequently adop- Asia and Pacific)-was represented Research Institute of Niger, Beckley ted throughout the nation. Now at by Karen Gerdes of St. Petersberg, has made numerous permanent con- work on a national plan for continu- Fla., who serves in Orani, Bataan, the tributions to the agricultural well- ing education, she is also a Volunteer Philippines. Gerdes, whose assign- being of that country. Working with with the National Education Depart- ment is as a primary health care/ the applied appropriate technology ment and works with two special education Volunteer, has been in- program, Tapis Vert (green carpet), education schools in Asuncion and strumental in changing the health he has supervised the installation of teaches a graduate course in experi- profile of her site. Under her lead- several windmills that pump water mental psychology at Catholic Uni- ership, a health center was built and for gardens and mills, a bio-gas gen- versity in Asuncion. A graduate of immediately put to use as a resource erator for a dairy farm and helped Catholic University of Puerto Rico, for health promotion and education build a portable water well. Recog- she earned her masters degree from as well as primary health care, partic- nized for his mechanical skills, Beck- [Continued on page 11)

Jim Mayer, Director of the Peace Corps' 25th Anniversary Office, speaks to the gathering at a reception hosted for RPCVs by the Embassy of the Philippines. Mayer, prior to his 25th assignment, served tours as Country Director in the Philippines and in Korea.

Peace Corps Times NovemberAIecember 1986 3 In the Beginning

The excitement began before dawn. As the sun rose on if hectic, pattern of my life, that I owe my search and the morning of September 19th, lines several blocks long attainment of the deepest, most satisfying inner peace I had already formed and people waited patiently to pass was yet to experience. And Ninoy owes this to him too. We through the magnetometers to take their seats in the found this under a climate of persecution during the dicta- tent.. .the big white tent, which at 420 feet was the largest torship, in the confines of Ninoy's prison cell where he ever erected on the Mall in Washington, D.C. There were was isolated for almost eight years. mini reunions on the sidewalks and shouts of recognition Little did the dictator know that by throwing Ninoy into echoed up and down the lines. jail, he actually set him free. The yoke of Ninoy's cares, They, all 4,000 Returned Peace Corps Volunteers and career and ambitions were abruptly lifted from his shoul- friends, were anxious for the event to begin.. . to hear the ders. This was painful, for Ninoy had grown attached to opening speaker, one who holds a special place in each of these things that weighed on him, indeed, but had im- our hearts, Corazon Aquino, the President of the Philip- parted a certain ballast and meaning to his life. pines. Never before had a head of state honored Peace In his cell, Ninoy became a man of prayer and reflection. Corps by attending a conference in the United States. And His endless search for the summit of political achievement never before had there been a head of state who so cap- became a quest for the center of peace within. It was in tured the imaginations of Volunteers.. . past, present and prison where he developed his own unshakeable personal future. philosophy. Its central values were reconciliation, non- Out of nowhere it seemed, thousands of yellow lapel violence, religious faith. And the yield of all these was buttons emprinted with, "I Love Cory," materialized. The peace. lines started to move more quickly and as the tent began to I, on my part, had to cope with the world from which he fill, chants of "Cory, Cory" could be heard above the traffic had found retreat. I found myself the pioneer of the op- sounds of rush hour in the nation's capital. position cause, a rather lonely state of affairs considering The sirens blared and died and into the tent stepped there was to be no significant opposition to the dicta- President Aquino clad, as always, in yellow, her tradi- torship for the next ten years. I too shed quite a number of tional color. A roar went up as the crowd rose in one body encumbrances-a large collection of fair weather friends to cheer President Aquino. Even the sun seemed to oblige and associates, my family's place in the center of political by bathing the tent with a golden glow. and social events, all easy means towards emotional and A hush fell over the crowd as she told of her personal psychological well-being. trials, her rise to power and her hopes for the people of the Fresh from the center of the social whirl, I experienced Philippines. what it was like to be a pariah. That too was, in a sense, a prison. And through that also, I found myself set free. In adversity, I found the strength I needed to cope, the grace not to be bitter, the wisdom to cling to the moral values and political ideals that Ninoy in prison symbol- Corazon Aquino ized and that many Filipinos privately espoused, though President of The Philippines they were devalued currency in the New Society. The secret source of this fortitude and renewal was, like Ninoy, Peace Corps, my government, I as a private individual our Faith. For even in our poor country, that was always in and my late husband Ninoy share a common faith and abundance. foundation. We love and believe in peace, and we know it But it was during the worst of times, at the height of my is attainable. anguish over Ninoy's suffering that I found the core of real My initiation into the search and discovery of peace was peace. Ninoy had completed a gruelling 40-day hunger first necessitated by personal need. I learned to seek peace strike, and a military commission had sentenced him to when circumstances conspired to have me lose it. I was 22 death by musketry. Left with nothing, and facing the and had led a life of relative serenity when I met and bleakest prospects ahead, we found the most unexpected eventually married the most intelligent, articulate and and unshakeable peace. We had also discovered the limits endlessly driven man I had ever known. He had my head, of power. my heart and then my entire life caught in a spin. He It was that same perspective, that same grounding in became our country's youngest mayor, and then governor, adversity and Faith that must have galvanized my country- and then again its youngest Senator and I had to keep in men when we opted for peaceful political change last Feb- step as the politician's wife. ruary. We were a people who, after 20 years of suffering That was the beginning of the end of my days and nights and shame, had come to terms with ourselves. When the of quiet and peace. I was forced to devise practical meth- troops of Marcos and the unarmed forces of our people ods for maintaining my equilibrium. From perpetually stood face-to-face on the streets last February, we saw in overcrowded schedules, I learned to carve out pockets of each other's eyes not pride, or zeal for our respective private time for myself and my family. Amidst the bruising causes, but a mutual love and a common yearning for onslaught of people, issues and events, I learned to culti- peace. That was all we had, and all we wanted to keep. vate a certain detachment. But those were only surface We gave peace a chance then, as we continue to do so devices for safeguarding my peace. now. At this stage, we are striving to promote peace in the Ironically, it is to a dictator who upset the established, cities and in the countryside, using methods the Peace

Peace Corps Times Corazon Aquino, President of the Philippines

Corps' is most familiar with. We are employing emergency measures and economic incentives to immediately allevi- ate hunger, disease, homelessness and poverty. We are trying to bring such resources and services as the govern- ment has to the grassroots level. The Philippines is one of Peace Corps' oldest Simultaneously, we have opted to pursue ceasefire ne- gotiations with the communist rebels as an initial mea- and largest programs with more than 7,070 Vol- sure, rather than escalate hostilities. unteers having served there in the past 25 years. Peace has a chance in our country. We have all made a In 1961, three groups, Philippines I, II and III great investment, individually and as a people, in order to went to the Philippines making a contingent see it work. Even Mr. Marcos, now in exile and thus endur- there of 228 PCVs. Currently Peace Corps has ing a form of imprisonment, may also be learning to find 275 his peace. That would be a happy occurrence for that Volunteers serving in the Philippines pro- would help to heal the wounds of our nation. Even today, gram. reconciliation remains a primary goal. May I close by commending the various activities, objec- tives and sacrifices made by your organization. You are fortunate indeed, for peace is a great and worthy cause.

Peace Corps Times November/December 1986 5 The Challenge

The Peace Corps owes its auspicious beginning, not just in Washington to discuss the future with hope and faith. to the President who instigated it, but to the special man That in itself is a triumph. At these 25th Anniversary Cere- who slashed his way through the forests and cut a path monies we have experienced strengthening of faith and through the underbrush of bureaucracy, for the rest of us resolve. Yet I still say on this 25th Anniversary of the Peace to follow, to create the agency, the first Director, Sargent Corps, who knows what should be said? Where to begin? Shriver. We would like to share with you excerpts from his Where to stop? I have concluded that no one knows for conference speech entitled: sure. Like the beginning of the Peace Corps itself, we can only speak our minds, reveal our hearts, and say our The Challenge. prayers. So, here goes. Mine is an impossible task. To describe the challenge Let's agree that no one in 1961 would have predicted facing the Peace Corps is to describe the most profound that the Peace Corps would last five years let alone 25. problems facing the entire world, and the problems within Most of us just hoped we would get approval from one each one of us which prevent us from fulfilling our poten- Congress and survive to the next. tial to overcome those problems. In a mere speech, I am not We were not accepted like apple-pie and motherhood. able to fulfill an assignment of that magnitude. Nevertheless, we were nervy, even presumptuous. Forgive me, if then I say that you know as well as I that Can you believe that we had some 400 Volunteers over- hunger, disease, poverty, fear and anxiety afflict more seas at work before Congress ever approved of the Peace human beings now than ever in recorded history. You Corps! That result was accomplished using Presidential know we live face-to-face with total disaster and death Discretionary Funds. We used less than $10,000,000 to through nuclear war. You know that all of us in the Peace hire our entire staff, at home and abroad, select and train Corps constitute merely a handful of persons seeking per- the Volunteers, ship them overseas, and arrange all our fection in a world population of billions struggling for operations in seven countries! Today no one could do that mere survival. politically or financially. Those were truly the good old "Oh! Lord, your sea is so vast and my boat is so small!" days! the mariner said. We have faced that fact throughout Peace Everyone at the Peace Corps headquarters was a volun- Corps history. Yet thousands of us have been meeting here teer.. . except me. I'm the first and only draftee in Peace

-- Under the big top-Sargent Shriver delivers his address to the 4,200 attending the conference. 6 November/December 1986 Peace Corps Times The Challenge Sargent Shriver Awards for Distinguished Humanitarian Service

While the conference was filled 1963-1966) founded and directs Eye Katrina Clark (Columbia 1967- with remembering and reconnecting, Care Inc., a non-profit institute 1969) has been the moving force at new things were begun. One of the which built, staffed and equipped the Fair Haven Community Health most important was the first four rural eye hospitals and three ur- Clinic in Connecticut which serves presentation of the Sargent Shriver ban eye centers in Haiti. more than 10,000 people. Awards for Distinguished Human- Twin brothers, Stephen and Doug- Paul Thompson (Chile 1969-1971) itarian Service. The awards, which las Hellinger, who served respec- won his award for making significant include a glass sculpture and a tively from 1970 to 1972 in Brazil contributions to the areas of plan- $1,000 check, will be made annually. and NicaragualVenezuela, founded ning for disasters and subsequent re- The first winners of these awards the Development Group for Alterna- lief and reconstruction. were: Timothy Carroll, Stephen and tive Policies. They have designed Paul Tsongas (Ethiopia 1962- Douglas Hellinger, Katrina Clark, small enterprise programs in Ecua- 1964) was honored for his untiring Paul Thompson and former U.S. dor, Bolivia and Brazil and employ- work in the Congress for assistance to Senator Paul Tsongas. ment programs in Kenya, Egypt and the developing world and interna- Timothy Carroll (Nigeria Zimbabwe. tional education here at home.

Corps history! Kennedy made me do it! But Moyers and The left-wing disliked the word "Corps!" They said it Wiggins and Josephson and Mankiewicz and Morris sounded militaristic. The famous "German Afriker Corps," Abrams, Sally Bowles, Nan McEvoy, Pat Kennedy, Lee St. victorious almost everywhere under General Rommel, was Lawrence, Frank Williams, Harris Wofford, Bill Haddad, fresh in their minds. "Corps" sounded like a scourge. and a hundred others, voluntarily showed up and went to Finally, I decided we'd use both words, put them to- work, some without being asked, all without any assur- gether, and get the best out of both of them: Peace because ance of permanent positions, many without getting paid. that was truly our business-and Corps because it showed They simply appeared. They responded to the idea. Most that we were not individualists, but a group! of them had never heard of one another. They didn't even Today I recommend that we remember that beginning. know where the Peace Corps was located in Washington. We risked everything then in a leap of faith that the Peace Most of them had never worked in any Governmental posi- Corps would succeed-We risked everything that Volun- tion anywhere. Best of all, for the first few months, we teers would respond. We were dedicated thus to the pur- didn't even have an Organizational Chart! Everyone talked suit of peace-which means we oppose the idea that war with everyone, and gave out their own ideas and opinions. is inevitable! We believe that with God's help we can get We started the Peace Corps without knowing whether rid of war! We are a Corps, a band of brothers and sisters, anybody in the world wanted it. That takes some chutz- united in the conviction that if we work hard enough to pah. We had no market research department, and no one eradicate our fears and increase the reach of our love we able to explain what the Peace Corps was all about except truly can avoid war-and achieve peace within ourselves, ourselves. So we did it ourselves. We traveled to our po- within our nation, and around the world. tential customers (the nations of the less developed Peace cannot be maintained in the less-developed world). We made deals with them for future delivery of world, nor Communism stopped there or anywhere else by volunteers.. .persons whom none of us had ever seen! self-centered preoccupation with our own problems and Fortunately, we succeeded-But, let me emphasize, the safety, or by reliance primarily on force of arms. We cannot host nations gambled with us! Their leaders had the cour- police the world. But we can begin to liberate it from age to trust what we said. Kwame Nkrumah, Pandit Nehru, despair and fear and anger by making economic develop- Julius Nyerere, Ramon Macapagal, Azikiew of Nigeria, ment and mutual service the hard core of our foreign pol- Jomo Kenyata, Lleras Camargo of Colombia, and Romulo icy, and of our national defense! Bentencourt of Venezuela, all were heros of the first Peace Many have said that Cory Aquino's victory was a mira- Corps days. We could never have succeeded without their cle. . . that she herself is a miracle. cooperation. The Peace Corps has always been a two-way I say further that in the Peace Corps we are celebrating street. The USA, then and now, can do little for peace here this weekend the birth, life, and continued existence without help from other nations. of another miracle. I mean we are celebrating a happening, The name of our organization, "The Peace Corps," was a movement, a reality which cannot be fully explained bitterly contested. "Peace Corps" was not the most popu- scientifically, mathematically, sociologically, or polit- lar title. The most experienced advisers scoffed at that ically. A miracle transcends logic. Quantitative amassing name. They wanted a solid bureaucratic title-like "The of facts does not reveal its nature. Miracles, by definition, Agency For Overseas Voluntary Service." are inexplicable by normal human reasoning. They tran- Conservatives opposed the word "Peace!" They main- scend ordinary reality. They surprise. They shock. They tained it sounded wishy-washy, vague, and weak. The unsettle. Communists, they said, had corrupted the word "Peace" We are dealing with a similar phenomenon in the by applying it to every political initiative, and even to "Peace Corps". . . not a phenomenon of equal importance, every war they got involved in. let me hasten to say; but, as a little star is still a star, so may Peace Corps Times The Challenge it be said that the Peace Corps is a miracle, a little one The miracle also is that the people still respond to his perhaps, but still a genuine one! For surely it was an intu- vision though Kennedy is long dead. The miracle is that itive "flash of the spirit" which prompted Kennedy to say decades of war, Presidential prevarication and disgrace, to himself, "Yes, the idea of a Peace Corps is right. It fits budget cutting, and the cynicism of power politics, still the times. It strikes the right note. I resonate to the concept. have not killed the dream nor staunched the flow of those People will respond.. . . " willing to volunteer and serve. We must look further than How did he know that? He didn't really "know" it as one to politics or economics or national security or finance, knows the facts of history or the accuracy of an algebraic further even than to the vision of one great man, to dis- equation. cover why the Peace Corps still lives. He knew it as Picasso knows the line he draws, or Yeats Let's ask, Why, really, are "we" here? the word or phrase he chooses for a poem. Why have "we" been honored by the presence of the star Kennedy "knew" the Peace Corps idea was right and out of the East, Cory Aquino? timely, and evocative, just as he "knew" that "Ich bin ein Why do Presidents from distant lands and island em- Berliner" was right and timely and evocative and unifying pires still ask our President for Peace Corps Volunteers? and inspirational.. .just as he "knew" that "We shall put Why can Peace Corps Volunteers live everywhere today, a man on the moon in this decade" would lift men's souls unprotected, unarmed, defenseless, free and open? and minds and hearts! Why did Nehru of India, and Nkrumah of Ghana, and To believe in men and women, to believe they can sur- Nyerere of Tanzania, Sukarno of Indonesia, Leopold Sen- pass themselves, to believe that ordinary people can be- ghor of Senegal, the King of Thailand, the King of Tonga- come extra-ordinary, to believe in young men and women, socialists, capitalists, kings, and commoners, rich and and know they can accomplish miracles-these were part poor, welcome the Peace Corps? of Kennedy's character and vision. Fully aware of human It is not because of me, nor was it ever because of me. I weaknesses, yet confident in human capacities, never had the challenge and the joy of meeting and convincing judgemental, rarely condemnatory, always hopeful, Ken- all the powers and potentates. I had the marvelous oppor- nedy had the nerve and personal self-confidence to ask for tunity of working with all the creative people who put the the best from the American people; and he got it!! Peace Corps together. I welcomed the first Volunteers and

Box lunch Peace Corps style-on the mall near the Smithsonian's East Wing of the National Gallery of Art. 8 NovemberIDecember 1986 Peace Corps Times The Challenge visited them abroad. I challenged and cajoled the Con- gressmen and the Senators. But as I said, I was only a draftee! Kennedy called me and made me run the Peace Corps. Yes, he left me alone. He gave me no orders or advice. But, still, my friends, I was only a draftee. You were and are the Volunteers. You made the Peace Corps a success. I applaud you. I respect you. I cherish you, and yes, I love you! Yet the very difference between a draftee and a volun- teer, that very fact, enables me today to see clearly, to discern and describe, why you, the Volunteers, and the Peace Corps itself, is such an extraordinary reality. A blind man appreciates sight more deeply than those with eyes. I see two worlds: the Peace Corps world, and our world here at home. I see that most of us Americans have lived most of our lives in "the world" here in the USA. Unlike the Peace Corps world overseas, our USA world is domi- nated by the lust for power: economic, political, cultural, bodily, and scientific power! Because of our preponderant strength in all these areas, we enjoy a peace of sorts. Like the Roman Empire we enjoy an Imperium within which a Pax Americana exists. The Peace Corps world is different: Much of it is poor, threatened, hopeless. Within this endangered and impoverished world, when even one PCV appears and begins to work humbly, com- passionately, effectively for humanistic goals, everyone spontaneously realizes that this is a person whose very presence and conduct bespeaks the existence of another America than the one I have just described-an America without violence, fear, and force.. . an America of com- passion, concern, and yes, of competence! PCVs know what they are doing with their hands as well as with their hearts. Their courage, their generosity, their spirit tells the world what American democracy, rather than American power, is all about. PCVs are the representatives, the true followers of Jefferson, Adams, Hamilton, Franklin, and all the other intellectual and moral leaders who created the U.S.A. PCVs represent the promise, not the power, of America. The Peace Corps seeks peace through service, not Ninety-three additions have been made to the Peace Corps flag through economic strength or military power. Service is which led the walk to Arlington Cemetery. [see cover) The addi- the heart and soul and substance of the Peace Corps. Ser- tions are peace streamers in colors symbolic of the flags of coun- vice is a discredited word these days. Who wants to be a tries where Peace Corps has served. Cassie Rademaekers [Nepal . servant? No one! Service implies servitude, failure to 83-85) finds Nepal's streamer and Nan Gear [Thailand 83-85) achieve even equality, let alone dominion. Yet the Peace holds the one from Thailand. Most streamers were made in- Corps exists to serve, to help, to care, for our fellow human country by PCVs and staff. beings. It works its magic from below, not from above. It concentrates on basics-food, health, education, commu- title given me for my speech. They asked me to talk about nity development. Peace Corps Volunteers are rarely in "the challenge of the Peace Corps." The challenge is sim- capital cities, rarely seen with gilded potentates. They are ple to express, difficult to fulfill: almost un-American in their willingness to serve in the PCVs stay as you are.. .be servants of peace.. .work at boondocks. home as you have worked abroad, humbly, persistently, Peace Corps Volunteers come home realizing that there intelligently. Weep with those who are sorrowful, rejoice are billions of human beings not enraptured by our pre- with those who are joyful. Teach those who are ignorant. tensions, or practices, or morals.. .billions of human Care for those who are sick. Serve your wives. . . serve your beings with whom we must live in peace. PCVs learn that husbands.. . serve your families.. . serve your neighbors.. . there's more to life than money, more to life than the latest serve your cities.. . serve the poor. Join others who serve. styles in clothes, cars, or cosmetics. Serve, Serve, Serve! That's the challenge. Suddenly I realize I do have a response to the original For in the end it will be the servants who save us all.

Peace Corps Times November/December 1986 9 At the Kennedy Center

The house lights dimmed in the sembly as images of the Peace Corps is one of those unique human ad- crystal chandeliers as the strains of world far from Washington flashed ventures where there are only "America the Beautiful" floated over on the Concert Hall screen. RPCVs winners. . . volunteers, through their the audience at the Kennedy Center. from 1961 to the present contributed youth, their energy, their idealism It was the final evening of the four slides to the 13-minute show, pro- give the best of themselves to their day conference and the excitement duced by Ken Logan (India, 1965-67) fellow human beings, and they in was reaching a higher peak with each and Daryl Hess (Korea, 1978-80). turn, receive the gift of humbleness event. No one thought the evening's Sargent Shriver said, "Peace Corps acquired in the contrast between concert could surpass the Inter- is the greatest grad school in his- prosperity and poverty, wealth and national Festival of that afternoon. tory," and Loret Miller Ruppe made scarcity, health and disease. The But as the National Symphony Or- one last plea for RPCVs to reconnect. people of the Peace Corps become chestra saluted Peace Corps with The Morgan State University choir ambassadors of that world in need." Stravinsky and Ginastera and Dvorak sang out "People" and then Caroline But the evening wasn't over. .. the enthusiasm continued to grow. Kennedy appeared on stage. She quite yet. Young Emilio Mestre, of Master of Ceremonies Harry Bela- presented the John F. Kennedy Peace the Washington International Chil- fonte, a member of the first Peace Corps Volunteer of the Year Awards drens Choir, led the singers in "Let Corps Advisory Council, said to the to Karen Gerdes (Philippines),Maria there be peace on earth and let it be- group, "You're all very special.. .to Mojica (Paraguay) and Donald Beck- gin with me." Again, almost as one, me and to the world." And then in ley (Niger). RPCVs, guests and staff in the audi- his charismatic manner, sang "Try to "The Peace Corps," said Ecua- ence rose and swayed and sang in Remember that kind of September doran Ambassador Mario Ribande- handlinked agreement as the curtain and follow.. . " Even the non-singers neira, spokesperson for all Peace came down on the finale. found themselves belting out cho- Corps host countries, "is an out- The next morning the Washington ruses of "Matilda, Matilda" at his standing human concept.. . to give Post editorialized, "Bottle last night, quiet suggestion. without expecting to receive, to help export it and there'll be no war." And a hush swept across the as- without expecting to be praised.. . it We heartily agree.

Joicey Granados directs the Washington International Childrens Choir and friends in "Let there be peace on earth." 10 NovernberlDecember 1986 Peace Corps Times The Peace Corps Tomorrow was the topic for this panel discussion. Panelists include: Jody Olsen (RPCVITogo), Youth for Under- standing; Mila Brooks, Country DirectorlDominican Republic; Congressman Jim Leach, R-Iowa; Bruce Cohen, Director of n-.--.-:'-- - ' Jon Keeton, NANEAP Director and Andy Rice, Vice President, Citizens Committee, Future of the Peace Coros.

JFK Awards. . . .from page 3 the Caribbean Center for Advanced Studies. At this time we would also like to honor those who were finalists for the awards. NANEAP: Christine Rossi, Tu- nisia; John Girdley, Sri Lanka and Joni Unruh Fornelli, Seychelles. Inter-America: Kathleen McCull- ough, Ecuador; Vernon Kelley, Costa Rica; Kathyrn Clark, Jamaica; Helen Fentress, Eastern Caribbean; Steve Singer, Dominican Republic and Dave and Kathy Sandhage, Belize. Africa: John Lammoureaux, Cen- tral African Republic; Peter Trenchard, Burundi; Mark Buc- cowich, Rwanda; Joseph Johnson, Burkina Faso; ~ari~Hicks, Carn- eroon; John Stephenson, Liberia; Scott Lamont, Sierra Leone; Martha and James Poell, the Gambia and . ..i Dennis Michael Arko (who was mis- Panelists discuss challenges for action in Africa-Gray Walker, Djibril Diallo, Leonard takenly listed as Dennis Michael ear- Robinson and Jennifer Whitaker. The moderator was David Crippens. lier), Tanzania. Peace Corps Times NovemberIDecember 1986 11 Memorial Service at Arlington National Cemetery

The white marble amphitheater on a hill overlooking Arlington National Cemetery was circled with fluttering American flags. The scene was set under a cloudless blue sky that Sunday morning as the Volunteers arrived from their Walk from the Lincoln Memorial for the service at the cemetery. They came on foot, in wheelchairs and with canes. They came in suits or jeans, in tee-shirts and shorts or Peace Corps' own wrap skirts. They came with children in their arms or parents' and grandparents' hands clasped in their own. Thousands of returned Volunteers and their families, foreign dignitaries and government officials filled the am- phitheater with reverence and bowed heads. And they listened. They heard a university choir and a children's chorus singing of peace and love. They heard words of hope, peace and dedication from representatives of many religions. And they watched.. .trying to hold back the tears as families received a single yellow rose in memoriam for the 199 Peace Corps Volunteers who died while in service. And then they sang. They sang, "Let there be peace on earth, and let it begin with me." Bill Moyers, Peace Corps' first Deputy Director, said in part, "The men and women whose memory we honor to- day would not wish us to be sentimental, to make heroic Sargent Shriver presents a single yellow rose to a family member their living or to bestow martyrdom on their dying. No, we of one of the Peace Corps Volunteers who died while in service. are here for our sake, not theirs.. .for in remembrance is the secret of redemption. Welcome, then, to this cele- plane crash in Colombia in 1962, the first PCVs to die in bration of remembrance for a gift of vision and values. service. This is the text of Radley's remarks: "We are struggling today with the imperative of a new understanding of patriotism and citizenship. The Peace David Crozier was a Southern Baptist from West Plains, Corps has been showing us the way, and the Volunteers Missouri. Larry Radley was a Jew from Chicago. On Easter and staff whom we honor this morning are the vanguard of Sunday in 1962, in the predominately Catholic country of that journey. Colombia, they were on a plane with 38 Colombians. The "We knew from the beginning that the Peace Corps was plane crashed into a mountainside and everyone on board not an agency, program or mission. Now we know, from perished. They were the first two of our Peace Corps breth- those who lived and died for it, that it is a way of being in ren to give their lives to Peace Corps service. Larry Radley the world . . .and it is the gift they gave us. was my brother and I am the last in my family to serve in "Sargent Shriver once gave me a copy of Chaim Potok's the Peace Corps. I was a Volunteer in Malawi. My elder book, The Promise. I was deeply moved by what I read, sister, Elena Radley Rozenman, was a Volunteer in Co- and one passage in particular I underlined and over the lombia soon after my brother died. I have been asked to years have come back to drink from its wisdom. This is it: respond on behalf of all those Volunteers we remember todav. 'Human beings don't live forever, Reuven. We live less FO; all of the families, I want to express our most humble than the time it takes to blink an eye, if we measure and grateful appreciation for this opportunity to share our our lives against eternity. So it may be asked what personal losses with all of you. Until now our grief has value there is to human life. There is so much pain in been largely a private matter shared within our separate the world. What does it mean to have to suffer so families and communities. But as I stand here today, at our much if our lives are nothing more than a blink of an National Cemetery and in front of my fellow Volunteers, I eye.. .I learned a long time ago, Reuven, that a blink realize that my brother and all the brothers and sisters and of the eye itself is nothing. But the eye that blinks, that sons and daughters and mothers and fathers who have is something. A span of life is nothing. But the man given their lives to Peace Corps service belong not only to (or woman) who lives that span, (they) are some- our families, but to our greater Peace Corps family and to thing.They can fill that tiny span with memory, so our nation as a whole. that its quality is immeasurable.' They belong to you because they were one of you. They And so they have." trained with you and struggled by your side. They suffered your frustrations and celebrated your successes. They Gordon Radley (RPCV Malawi, 1968 to 1970) responded were a part of you as much as one of ours. And the hope for the families of the Volunteers who died. Radley's and commitment and love they shared with you continues brother, Lawrence and David Crozier were killed in a to enrich our families' lives. 12 November/December 1986 Peace Corps Times And, I've come to realize that they belong to America as Memorial Service well. The ideals and values all these Volunteers embraced are the heart and soul of our nation. Though they served as Music individuals they brought with them the positivism and Morgan State University Choir democratic commitment that are the essence of our na- Washington International Children's Chorus tional tradition. Words of Hope and Peace And when, as equals, they entered into the communities Reverend Norma Blackwell of those they had volunteered to serve, they brought into RPCV Dominican Republic our families the hopes and dreams of the far reaches of the world. Through them, our families' embrace had grown to Khenpo Konchog Gyaltshen include the community of man. Tibetan Meditation Cen'ter Looking out at the grandness and magnificence of this marble amphitheater, I am aware of what a fitting, and yet Larry Moses ironic, setting this is. The lives of these Volunteers were International Director, B'nai Brith Hillel not marked by grand gestures and public pronounce- Dr. H. S. Hamond ments. There are no Peace Corps marching bands and President, Islamic-American Group crowds waving banners. They chose to live and work anonymously and without public acclaim. In the last letter The Reverend Theodore Hesburgh my brother wrote, he was reminded of the sentiment of President, University of Notre Dame William Stoeckel: "It is better to live humbly for a cause than to die nobly for one." Those Volunteers we remember Memorial Message Bill Moyers, CBS Commentator today died nobly because they lived humbly. They were Former Peace Corps Deputy Director not martyrs, yet they were willing, like the rest of us, to assume the risks that went with Peace Corps service. Response By working and living and dying alongside those they Gordon Radley, RPCV Malawi had volunteered to serve, they proved to us, to our nation, Memorial Families' Representative and to the world at large the depth of the Peace Corps commitment. Presentation of Roses Now they are gone and our families will never outgrow Loret Miller Ruppe this loss. Yet their faith, their dedication and their love Peace Corps Director will live on through the lives of each Peace Corps Volun- teer. You have given our families our most precious gift. Sargent Shriver You have given us an everlasting memorial. First Peace Corps Director

Leading the Memorial Service prayer is Khenpo Konchog Gyaltshen. Attending (left to right) are Sargent Shriver, The Reverend Theodore Hesburgh, Bill Moyers, Reverend Norma Blackwell, Larry Moses, Gordon Radley, Dr. H. S. Hamond and Loret Miller Ruppe. Peace Corps Times November/December 1986 13

The First Volunteers

As everyone knows, there is some- Into this large and unfamiliar That first year, 1961, some 864 Vol- thing special about being the first world went our first Peace Corps unteers completed training and were and this was especially true with the Volunteers, our guinea pigs, an inter- on their way. The first countries to first Peace Corps Volunteers. The national experiment, if you will. On receive PCVs were Ghana, in August, world was a much larger, but simpler their shoulders rested the challenge and burden of making this idealistic dream and untried program work. Our country and much di the world With the confidence youth was watching to see what would I continue to think the pea- and the vague sense that some- happen. ple I lived and worked with thing important was happen- AS one woman later said, "With and wish I could have done ing, I joined. the confidence of youth and the more. . . the job is never truly vague sense that something im- completed. portant was happening, I joined. The Peace Corps was real. If we were full place in 1961. Jet travel was an ex- of liberal rhetoric and noble ideals, pensive novelty and there was no sat- we were about to get our noses ellite communication. Many coun- rubbed in our dreams. If we were followed by Colombia and Tanzania tries had just gained their indepen- cynically conservative, we were (Tanganyika) in September. During dence and information about some about to be challenged to participate, the next six months, Volunteers were was limited. to act." placed in Chile, Nigeria, St. Lucia,

Vice President George Bush spoke to the more than 600 1961 Volunteers and theirfamilies who attended the luncheon in the Rayburn House Office Building on Capitol Hill. 16 November/December 1986 Peace Corps Times The Glers

Sue Sadow (center) tosses a handful of earth to assist in planting the peace tree at the National Arboretum. Sadow (Sierra Leone I) at 65, was the oldest Volunteer accepted into Peace Corps that first year. Now, at age 90, she has published a book about her experiences entitled, "Into Africa: With the Peace Corps."

East and West Pakistan, the Philip- will continue on' into the future, the guest speaker. During his tenure, pines, India, Sierra Leone, Thailand, farther than people could have imag- the Vice President and his wife, Malaysia and Brazil. ined 25 years ago." Barbara, have visited several Peace Were they successful? Well, the On September 22, the day follow- Corps sites. proof of this pudding is that 25 years ing the 25th Conference, Peace Corps For many this was the end of a very later, 120,000 Peace Corps Volun- paid tribute to 300 of those first Vol- emotional weekend.. .the first time teers have served in 90 countries. unteers who were accompanied by a many of the 6lers had seen one an- Much of what we do or don't do to- like number of their family members. other since Peace Corps service. day is based on the experiences of They day began with a breakfast in The feelings of the many were these 864 Volunteers. the American Red Cross garden summed up by one who said, "I have hosted by Loret Ruppe and Sargent contributed to the world for what- Shriver. ever I was worth. And that matters I have contributed to the world Next came another first, the plant- more to me than I can share with you. for whatever I was worth.. . ing of a peace tree at the National But you were there and you know." Arboretum. The tree, the Liberty *** But you were there and you plane tree (Plantus liberty NA 36357 The planning for the 6lers event know. & PL 47908) was developed from Na- was done by a group including: Tom tive American and Non Native stock Scanlon, Chile; Tom Mullins, Col- by Dr. Frank Santamour Jr., a Na- ombia; Sam Selkow, Ghana; Sean What was the affect on the Volun- tional Arboretum geneticist. It is a Doherty, India; John Hurley, Malay- teers? One of them put it this way: hearty plant with heavy resistance to sia; Mac Destler, Nigeria; Mary Cahill "I continue to think of the people I disease and was chosen for its ap- Gray, Pakistan; Maureen Carroll, the lived and worked with and wish I pearance and ease of propagation. Philippines; Roberta Kaplan, Sierra could have done more.. .the job is The peace tree planting was fol- Leone; Malinda Cotter, St. Lucia; never truly completed. But the ex- lowed by a luncheon on Capitol Hill Charles Cathey, Tanzania and Peggy perience continues here at home. It with Vice President George Bush as Bruton, Thailand. Peace Corps Times NovemberIDecember 1986 17 For Your Information

Membership Up For NCRPCV Kathy Hansen (Nigeria 66-68), president of the National Council of Returned Peace Corps Volunteers (NRPCV) estimates that by the time all the figures are in, the membership of the organization will have in- creased by as much as 20% this year. Much of this is due to the out- standing work of everyone involved in the 25th Anniversary Conference. If you still haven't joined the NCRPCV, you may send your check for $15 to: NCRPCV, Box 1404, Oma- ha, NE 68101. Hansen says that $6 of your check will be returned to your designated local council. As a mem- ber of the NCRPCV, you will receive 25 years of cooperation between CARE and the Peace Corps was the theme of the CARE quarterly, copies of the NCRPCV photo display at the 25th Conference. Pictured here are: Susan Wyss, Ecuador 1964 and Voice and The Bulletin. Asst. Director of the Washington Regional CARE Office; Jim Gregory, Colombia 1961; Loret Miller Ruppe, Peace Corps Director; Enrique Morals and Dennis Grubb, both Colombia 1961. Group Peace Meditation Odi Long The World Instant of Cooperation, consent to peace, and visualize a Is Back an organization involved in seeking harmonious and abundant world world peace, is requesting an hour of through meditation, they can help to In the MayIJune issue we reported your time. On December 31, 1986 at accomplish this much needed and that Odi Long, who has been a Volun- noon Greenwich time, a healing sought-after goal. teer for 17 years, had retired in Jan- meditation will be in effect through- A gathering is being planned in uary. At that writing, Long was re- out the world. each of the 50 states and 43 foreign covering from knee surgery. He told All peoples are asked to put aside countries. Consider helping with the Times he had bought some Span- their differences in nationality, race, your own grass roots response.. . in ish tapes and was going to hire a religion and other aspects of their the village on your island, in your tutor. cultures for one hour. The World desert, in your tropical forest. That's Well he's back and now serving, at Instant of Cooperation believes if what Peace Corps is all about.. . age 84, in Costa Rica. Long has had millions of people use that hour to seeking and keeping world peace. his eye on Costa Rica, a place he in- tended to visit when he retired from AT&T, since 1967. During his 17 years in Peace Corps, Long has Test Your Knowledge served in Gabon, Togo, Sierra Leone, Burkina Faso and his last post, Haiti. 1. Who was the first Peace Corps Director? Welcome back, Odi! 2. As of 1986, Peace Corps' 25th Anniversary, how many men and women have served Peace Corps? 3. What is the average age of Volunteers? 4. What is the upper age limit for Volunteers? 5. What four countries are the pilot programs for the Africa Food Systems Initiative? ~ttentionNewsletter Writers: 6. What two major international awards did Peace Corps Please send copies of your Volunteers receive this year? newsletters to the Times. We'd 7. What was the first Caribbean country to host Volun- like to start using pieces from teers? them in the agency publica- 8. What is one of the best sources for funding individual tion. projects?

18 November/December 1986 Peace Corps Times Peace Corps Receives End Hunger Award

in more than 3,000 communities will David Levin (Niger 84-86) and Roslyn Waters (Liberia 83-85) accepted the Presidential participate in a variety of World Food End Hunger Award in the name of all 120,000 current and former Peace Corps Volun- Day activities. The spirit of volun- teers and staff. tarism has never shone more brightly throughout our Nation. I ask that the American people use this day to re- and further loss of arable land International Minerals and Chemical affirm their commitment to ending through forestry projects; Corporation; Private Volunteer Or- world hunger." the utilization of food conserva- ganization, Lutheran World Relief; A recent congressional study esti- tion techniques such as grain storage EducatorIScientist, Dr. Robert F. mated that in the combined areas of facilities, pest control and applied Chandler; Individual, Mary Barden fisheries, forestry, healthlnutrition agricultural methods; Keegan; Celebrity, Dennis Weaver; and water sanitation, approximately the use of beneficial water and Lifetime, Dr. John Hannah; Govern- 1,200 Volunteers have had a direct sanitation techniques; mentllegislative, Silvio Conte, Dante impact on more than 12 million fam- the introduction of agricultural Fascell and Mickey Leland. ilies in 11 thousand communities. extension methods for better crop Organizations that have been paid In addition to the Africa Food production and more effective land this tribute in the past three years of Systems Initiative (AFSI) launched usage; the awards' existence are: Save the by Peace Corps in 1985, food related the employment of income gen- Children, Meals for Millions, CARE, programs with long-term impact on erating projects as tools in alleviating USA for Africa Foundation, Live Aid ending hunger are: hunger. Foundation and Band Aid Trust. The Times congratulates every the establishment of fisheries to In winning this honor, Peace Corps Volunteer and staff member. Each of add protein to diets as well as pro- is in noteworthy company. The 1986 you has played an important role in cure an additional source of income; winners are: Special Awards, Peace bringing this high distinction to the prevention of soil erosion Corps and Dr. Larry Ward; Corporate, Peace Corps. Peace Corps Times Novemberhlecember 1986 19 25th Activities Around the World

This has been the year of Peace plus cake sales at the local market tee-shirts and caps, and even wrote Corps. Returned Volunteers here at were used to build a shelter at the edited and bound their own com- home have had reunions, confer- major bus stop in St. John's. They memorative book. During the recep- ences and get-togethers in almost all also hosted a Fun Run (just for fun tions Director Ruppe met with Gha- of our 50 states. and to celebrate the 25th) and wore naian Minister Asamoah. Peace Corps Volunteers around the their special tee-shirts. St. Lucia was the site of a visit from world have joined in the celebration American Ambassador Myles Fre- the Director, and all the Volunteers with enthusiasm. Almost every chette started the 25th year early on the island gathered to welcome country had special tee-shirts made when he hosted a reception for PCVs her. and most had festivities at their All in Cameroon in November of 1985. Burundi Volunteers hosted a re- Volunteer Conferences. Director Loret Miller Ruppe began ception for government officials, and As early as October, 1985, Ameri- her overseas 25th visits in January were honored by the United States can Ambassador Irvin Hicks hosted a by going to Tonga, Fiji and Western Information Agency (USIA) with barbecue for PCVs and Host Country Samoa. August saw her in Kenya their traveling photo exhibit. Nationals in the Seychelles. During where there were receptions for President Ronald Reagan made an this past year the Volunteers held a PCVs, on-site visits and occasion for official visit to Grenada and called fundraiser to buy playground equip- much joy when a young Kenyan boy on Volunteers there. On February 20, ment for the school for exceptional won our 25th Poster Contest. the PCVs saw him off at the airport children which was begun by Peace From Kenya the Director visited with a Peace Corps banner they had Corps in the early 80s. Malawi and was the catalyst for made. (MarchIApril Times.) Volunteers in Antigua came up Peace Corps articles in the Malawian Office renovation and redecora- with a novel idea for the 25th. They newspapers. tion was the result of Peace Corps' raffled a cricket bat which had been Ghana, our first Peace Corps coun- looking-good-campaign for our 25th. autographed by players of the West try, went all out for the Director's In the Federated States of Micro- Indies team. The funds from that, visit to celebrate the 25th. They made nesia, Volunteers celebrated 20 years

Peace CorpsIStl Lucia's 25th Celebration began with the arrival of Director Loret Miller Ruppe at Vieux Fort Airport. On hand to welcome her to the island, where Peace Corps has served for 25 years, was St. Lucia's Minister of Community Development Romanus Lansiquot and Minister of Argiculture Ira D'Auvergne and the full contingent of Volunteers and staff. PCVs serving in St. Lucia are: Jacque Beechel, Kim Bowman, Robert Bridges, Cynthia Brooks, Kelly Childers, James Cuffe, Timothy Daly, Winifred Daniell, Elizabeth Dussol, Robert Hastings, Elizabeth Kossrnann, Jennifer Kravitz, Toby Kravitz, Emily Lobatto, David McQueary, Julie Nemrners, Mona Panitz, William Sarvay, Neil Schuch, Verna Slane, Scott Slater, Shelley Smith, Curtis Tucker, John Walker, Penelope Watt and Mary Wertz. 20 November/December 1986 Peace Corps Times Cherono, APCDIK~~~~.Cherono re- in the islands and 25 years of Peace ball develop in Jamaica where the ceived a certificate of appreciation Corps service by hosting an open games of cricket, track and field and on behalf of all Host Country Nation- house in their "new" office. football dominate the athletic scene. als who have worked for Peace Corps Volunteers in Honduras inaugu- Although basketball is a relatively during the past 25 years. rated a new office which features a new sport in Jamaica, it's reasonably Both Maratim and Cherono were museum setting for displays of each certain that with the help of Peace part of the official gala concert at the Honduran project. There was an offi- Corps and Andrew Kennedy at 6'7", Kennedy Center on the last evening cial ribbon-cutting ceremony and a the game will now stand much taller. of the conference. talent show with music and folk An unusual reception was held in dancing. Honduras' Challenge Air- the Philippines when the current lines donated free tickets for Volun- Volunteers hosted a celebration for teers to raffle. The money earned was RPCVsIPhilippines. In conjunction used for prizes for a national poster with the Ministry of Tourism, many contest sponsored by Peace Corps returned Volunteers flew to the is- schools. Host Country Nationals and lands to enjoy an in-country reunion Volunteers also commemorated the in October. 25th with a tree planting in Teguci- But the best is yet to come for two galpa and other outlying villages. Peace Corps countries. A "living legacy" of 5,000 trees In Sierra Leone a celebration will were planted on the island nation be held on December 29.. .24 years of the Dominican Republic. (July1 to the day when their government August Times.) first signed an agreement with Peace As part of their 25th celebration, Corps in 1962. An All Volunteer Con- Jamaica Volunteers were right on the ference in April, in honor of the 25th ball. The basketball, that is. Peace Anniversary, was attended by the Corps sponsored a series of basket- Ambassador, the Distinguished Para- ball clinics which were taught by mount Chief and King Momoh. The Andrew Kennedy. Kennedy is a new Volunteers were sworn in by graduate of Calabar High School in King Momoh. Kingston, a five-time representative If you want to go to a real celebra- of the Jamaica National Basketball tion, plan on January, 1987 in Thai- team and currently is a star forward land.. . it will be our 25th year in that for the University of Virginia Cav- southeast Asian country. Great fes- aliers. tivities are being planned with the Kennedy, accompanied by Volun- American Ambassador and Thai rep- Vice President George Bush congratu- teers, conducted the clinics at vari- resentatives. We'll let you know lates Robert Maratim, the poster contest ous schools and recreation sites more about the details of this gala winner and Godfrey Cherono, APCDI around the island for four days. wind-up of Peace Corps' 25th Anni- Kenya who was the recipient of the certif- Peace Corps Volunteers have played versary. What a year! icate for all Host Country Nationals a significant role in helping basket- Gloria Ross working for Peace Corps. Peace Corps Times November/December 1986 21 Commemorative Stamps

St. Lucia, Tuvalu and Sierra Leone have issued stamps commemorating their partnerships with Peace Corps in honor of our 25th Anniversary. St. Lucia, the first Caribbean coun- try to host Volunteers, has issued a beautiful series of stamps. They are available in the following: First Day Cover, Presentation Pack, Gutter Pack and Block of 4. Peace Corps Times has order forms. Write to the Times: Room 1214, Peace Corps, 806 Connecticut NW, Washington, D.C. 20526. Or, you may write directly to: St. Lucia Philatelic Bureau, Jeremie Street, Castries, St. Lucia, West Indies. The Pacific Island nation of Tuvalu has issued a lovely stamp featuring the Peace Corps dove flying through a rainbow. Designed by RPCV Gloria McCon- naghy, the First Day Covers can be had by sending $1 ($US) to: Frank Hoy, MBE, Central Post Office, Fun- afati, Tuvalu, Central Pacific. Peace Corps has served in Tuvalu since 1974. Posing with a mock-up (see photo) of the Sierra Leone stamp is recent PCV Helen Clarke, who completed her tour of that African country this summer. Information about the Sierra Leone stamp may be had by writing to: Phil- atelic Section, Post Office, Freetown, Standing in front of a Sierra Leone flag, Helen Clarke displays the art work for the Sierra Sierra Leone, West Africa. Leone stamp. Clarke joined Peace Corps at age 54 and for the better part of 15 of our 25 years, she has been a PCV. Her tours include: 1966-1969, India; 1970-1973, Eastern Be sure to send all your overseas CaribbeanlBarbados; 1975-1977, Liberia; 1978-1982, Eastern CaribbeanlBarbados and letters VIA International Air Mail. 1984-1986, Sierra Leone. To the best of our knowledge, Clarke has the distinction of NOTE: If any other countries have being the only person to serve in all three regions. issued stamps, please contact the Times. Answers

1. Sargent Shriver 2. 120,000 3. 29 The photo feature planned for 4. There is no limit. this issue on the Philippines, 5. Mali, Niger, Lesotho and Zaire one of Peace Corps' largest and 6. End Hunger Award and the International Projects oldest programs, will be in the Award from the Arbor Day Foundation. next edition. 7. St. Lucia 8. Peace Corps Partnerships. Write to them at Peace Corps, Room 1107, 806 Connecticut NW, Washington, D.C. 20526.

22 NovemberKIecember 1986 Peace Corps Times The Year of the Reader

The Library of Congress has pro- face, the Secretary of Defense Robert "Come As You Are," is different claimed 1987 "The Year of the McNamara, also in ski clothes, hav- from anything you've ever read about Reader," and the U.S. House and ing a drink at the other end of the bar. the Peace Corps. It's funny, full of Senate have passed a joint resolution The telephone behind the bar rang; inside information, yet it has its seri- encouraging activities "aimed at re- the bartender answered it casually, ous and poignant moments. storing the act of reading to a place of then began nodding earnestly, sud- Anyone who's interested in how prominence in our personal lives denly turning and announcing, things get done in Washington or and in the life of the nation." "Washington is calling." McNamara who has even a smattering of interest Fortunately, this resolution came rose and reached for the phone. in the Peace Corps should have this along at the same time the Times had "No, I'm sorry, Mr. Secretary," ex- book in his library. planned a new book page to bring plained the bartender. "It's not for Dixie Dodd you up to date with the new books you. It's for Tom." Mathews took the being written about Peace Corps or phone as baffled as if the call came The next issue will feature "Into by former Volunteers. from Mars. Africa: With the Peace Corps," by Once again, we encourage Volun- A voice crackling with purpose Sue Sadow, Peace Corps' first senior teers to keep journals of your experi- and high spirits came through: Volunteer and "The Peace Corps To- ences. You never know, you might "Tom, this is Sarge Shriver calling day," by Merni Fitzgerald. turn out a best seller. from the Peace Corps in Washington. I've heard a lot of great things about A short list of Peace Corps "Come As You Are: you and I want you to come work books recently published fol- with us and help put this new thing lows on page 24. The Peace Corps Story," together. How soon can you get here? by Coates Redmon What about tomorrow?" , "Well, I'm on vacation and I have Duarte: My Story, by the Presi- This book is the story, not the offi- nothing but ski clothes and a bad dent of El Salvador, Jose Napoleon cial history, of how the Peace Corps sunburn." Duarte with Diana Page is also just was born. It's an insider's view of "That's fine, Tom. Come as you off the presses. While collabo- how a handful of talented people cre- are. Seeya tomorrow!" rating with President Duarte on eated a government agency with an If staff recruitment seemed unor- his autobiography, Page, a Peace idealistic bent, in just six weeks. thodox, so was Volunteer recruit- Corps Volunteer in Brazil from We all know the traditional story of ment. Because most of the new staff 1968 to 1970, was given an office how John F. Kennedy got the idea for came from the recent political cam- in the Presidential Palace. a peace corps. . . from Hubert Hum- paigns, they handled recruitment in Publication of this work was phrey and Henry Reuss. But this tale much the same way. After all, a cam- fraught with difficulties. The kid- introduces another wrinkle. . . that paign is a campaign and they pro- napping of Duarte's daughter Kennedy got the idea from a military ceeded to blitz the campuses. The delayed completion for several man, General James Gavin. tactics must have been effective be- months and later, the devastating Coates Redmon, the author, was a cause it was the start of the tradition earthquake in October forced senior writer in the early days of of the best and brightest joining Duarte to cancel his trip to the Peace Corps. She regales us with Peace Corps. United States in connection with vignettes, very human stories, of how In addition to portraying the gen- the book's release. If the book be- it was in the beginning.. . the hilarity eral confusion of trying to create comes a best seller, perhaps Page's of it all and the sadness and shock something great in six weeks, the motto should be, "Ad Astra Per when President Kennedy was killed. book takes you overseas with country Aspra." Not relying on memory, Redmon staff and Volunteers and gives an un- After her Peace Corps Service, taped hundreds of hours of inter- varnished look at the challenges they Page worked for 15 years as a jour- views with her former colleagues for faced. Another insight was the inter- nalist covering Latin America. She the book. est, then Vice President, Lyndon covered Brazil and Argentina for To no one's surprise, Sargent Johnson took to see that Peace Corps United Press International and the Shriver, the man who created the wasn't swallowed up by other agen- St. Petersburg Times and has been agency, is a leading figure in the cies. the Washington correspondent for book. The descriptions of Shriver's three Argentine newspapers. Cur- Redmon takes the title from a story whirlwind trips overseas to set up rently, Page is a free lance writer which reveals some of the more un- programs make you realize why he based in Washington, D.C. orthodox methods of recruiting staff. was often referred to as "Kennedy's The book is available for $18.95 The story goes that a young man by ebullient brother in law." I'm still from the Putnam Publishing the name of Tom Mathews was sit- trying to figure out how he slept on Group, 200 Madison Ave., New ting in a bar in a ski lodge in Utah the floor under the seats on those York, NY 10016. when he spotted a newly famous overseas flights. -

Peace Corps Times NovemberAIecember 1986 23 To The Times

Dear Peace Corps Times, 1987. This symposium will take one capacity, and Power Paks providing I am writing you with the hopes of two possible forms depending on 6 v @ ;O amp112 v @ 5 amp power that you might be able to help me the interests of potential participants outputs, our customer list includes locate Mr. Robert Bauer of Tampa, such as Peace Corps staff, Volunteers Dick Smith Electric, Eddie Bauer, Florida. He came to the Philippines and Returned Volunteers: Edmund Scientific and Sears Roe- in the late 60's and worked as a Peace buck; all in their catalogs. Or if they Corps Volunteer. He was with us for 1. A set of reviews by Peace Corps wish information, they can write to two years, from 1967 to 1969. He left connected anthropologists devoted us directly. to the application of anthropological the country when his term expired Certainly this is not meant to be and since then we never heard from theory and method in Peace Corps opportunistic, rather it's an attempt programs (education, agriculture, him. to provide some normalcy for those I could never forget how good he small business, etc.). people who give up part of their lives was to me and my classmates. Our or for others. school was lucky to have him as a 2. A set of papers specifically fo- PCV. Truly, he made himself a part of cused on Peace Corps involvement in Jack Kucera us and he will always have a special the area of cultural resource develop- Solar World place in our hearts. ment (national heritage and tourism 2807 N. Prospect Over the past few years, my teach- industry). Colorado Springs, CO 80907 ers, classmates and I waited patiently Please print this proposal along for him to communicate with us. We with my invitation for letters of inter- also tried writing him at the address est from Peace Corps personnel with he left us, but got no reply. We pre- anthropology backgrounds or cultu- Books-from page 23 sumed he and his family have moved ral research projects. to another place. Viorst, Milton, ed. Making a Differ- I hope that writing you now would Steven Hackenberger ence: the Peace Corps at 25. 1986. lead us to the whereabouts of our Barbados Museum & Historical $16.95. Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 10 E. long lost "big brother, Sir Bob" and Society St. Ann's Garrison 53rd St., 14th Flr., New York, NY his family. We wish to personally 10022. thank him for what we have become. Barbados West Indies *** Rudi Gunabe Fitzgerald, Merni. The Peace Corps Union Bank of the Philippines Today. (age 8 and up) 1986. $11.95. Davao-Recto Branch Dear Peace Corps Times, Dodd, Mead & Company, 79 Madison C.M. Recto St. We continue to receive inquiries Ave., New York, NY 10016. Davao City 9501 from Peace Corps Volunteers request- *** The Philippines ing information on our solar powered Peace Course: Recipes From Around battery chargers. While we are more the World. 1985. $7.00 + $1.75 post- than happy to accommodate their age & handling. Peace Corps/VISTA Dear Mr. Gunabe, needs, their dilemma should be ad- After weeks of searching, we have Alumni of Colorado, Box 18995, dressed more comprehensively than Denver, CO 80218. found your Robert Bauer. He is a psy- we can accomplish on a limited chology professor at Fairmont State *** basis. Redmon, Coates. Come As You Are: College in West Virginia. His address My understanding is that the Peace The Peace Corps Story. 1986. $22.95. is: Corps sends a letter to its prospective Robert Bauer Harcourt, Brace, Jovanovich, Inc., volunteers suggesting things they 1090 West View Dr. 1250 Sixth Ave., San Diego, CA might consider bringing with them, Fairmont, West Virginia 26554 92101. usually including solar chargers. The * * * He would like to hear from you and people writing us however, seem to any other of his former students and have a great deal of difficulty finding Sadow, Sue. lnto Africa: With the other PCVs. a place to buy these products. Peace Corps. 1986. $7.95 + $1.00 The Editor Based on volunteer comments, postage & handling. Beaumont we seem to be the only company Books, Box 551, Westminster, CO manufacturing completely weather- 80030. proofed chargers utilizing satellite *** Dear Peace Corps Times, type solar cells for the highest power Sanders, Geneva. The Gringo I am a Volunteer in Barbados with size to ratio available anywhere in Brought His Mother: A Peace Corps an academic background in anthro- the world. Should you choose to no- Adventure With A Difference. 1986. pology. tify your readers of these products, $12.95 hardcover, $6.95 paper. Co- I am currently proposing a sympo- including Button Battery Chargers, rona Publishing Company, 1037 sium for the American Anthropolog- AAICID Chargers, AAIAAA Charge- South Alamo, San Antonio, TX ical Association meeting in the Fall, rs, Solar Panels with 18 v @ 500 mA 78210. Peace Corps Times r ICE ALMANAC

Networking

Philippines Technology Support Center

Volunteers in the Philippines are mail as long as they include a letter Filipiniana which is composed of very fortunate to have access to the indicating who borrowed the ma- novels, histories and other studies myriad of resources available in the terials. on, about or authored by citizens of Technology Support Center (TSC). The Peace Corps staff also makes the Philippines. The collection also Some of these resources are technical use of the library collection in the includes geographic and natural his- materials, language manuals, Filipi- TSC. The TSC staff regularly routes tory materials. niana, travel guides, information on materials to PC staff, such as news- For those Volunteers who wish to careers and universities, local and papers and publishers' catalogs. PC venture outside of the Philippines, international periodicals, reference staff may call back to the TSC for ma- the TSC maintains a collection of works and other types of materials. terials or they may coine and browse travel guide books which are usually In order to house this (as well as a the shelves themselves. PC staff can acquired from donations. Volunteers Volunteer lounge on the ground play a very active role in TSC devel- who are about to COS also find the floor) the TSC occupies an entire opment by advising on materials to career section of particular interest two-story building in the Peace collect and by directing Volunteers with its college catalogs, GRE and CorpsPhilippines compound. The in the use of the TSC. By working other exam booklets and career TSC is one of the largest, most fully- together, PC and TSC staff provide guides. staffed and supported in-country re- strong support for the informational The TSC also supports Peace source centers in the Peace Corps needs of Volunteers. Corps with more general information world. This informational support comes and other special services. A set of The driving force behind the TSC out of the TSC in many forms and on encyclopedias, various directories, is a philosophy based on service to many topics. The majority of materi- PCV bibliographies and other works the Volunteers and staff. The TSC als in the TSC cover technical areas comprise the general reference col- staff briefs every Peace Corps train- from agriculture to waterlsanitation. lection. The "specified" reference ing group on its collections, services Six library stacks house about 2,000 section includes guidelines for writ- and policies. The TSC facilities are a technical manuals which TSC loans ing project proposals, feasibility testimony to this service philosophy. for a 1-month period. studies and information on private Volunteers may access the TSC di- The "data files" contain articles, rectly during office hours Monday pamphlets, newsclippings and other (Continued on page 26) through Friday, 8 am to 5 pm. ephemera on technical topics. These The heart of the TSC is the library files occupy roughly 80 square feet of which occupies most of the upstairs shelf space and are organized in the Special Issue Note and accommodates an average of 30 same manner as the technical manu- to 50 people a week. Although the als. Users may borrow documents Due to this special issue of the library's primary mandate is to serve from these files if there are multiple PEACE CORPS TIMES, the ICE Al- the needs of Peace Corps, many users copies, otherwise photocopies can manac must forego the following: from outside the Agency also do re- be made. Another resource comes in search there. These users are mostly the form of the "Volunteers in Asia the Feature article covering students, but government and other Microfiche Library" which contains one of the sectors in OTAPS; development workers also benefit over 850 technical manuals. The TSC from the Peace Corps' resources. also houses posters and other audio- the From the Field section, Volunteers who cannot come visual materials. normally reprinted from a Volun- personally to the library may write The TSC also collects materials on teer's article or report; and for information. The TSC staff re- non-technical topics. Over 90 lan- searches an average of 10 to 20 letters guages are spoken in the Philippines the S.P.A. Network which in- per week. They often calllgo outside and the TSC maintains a collection forms our readers about S.P.A. the library to fill the request or lo- of manuals on most of these lan- funding. cate contacts for the PCV to visit. guages as well as a few on Spanish, The materials are sent to the Volun- French and other languages of inter- Take heart, though. teers through the pouch, regular mail est to Volunteers. or are hand-carried. Volunteers may Other cultural material found in ALL will return in the January1 also return materials through the the TSC is its unique collection of February issue! Peace Corps Times (Philippines from page 25) are able to track down materials on operates on an honor system where- topics not adequately covered in by users take what interests them and voluntary organizations and govern- their collections. donate what they no longer need. ment agencies which assist in fund- The TSC also caters to some of the Close of service and swearing in are a ing projects. Various periodicals, recreational needs of Volunteers and few times when this collection fluc- such as the International Rice Re- staff by offering them a lounge area. tuates considerably. An average of 50 search Newsletter, are also available The lounge is well-used by Volun- to 75 users visit the TSC lounge per in the TSC. The TSC provides a very teers from the provinces who often week. special service to new Volunteers by need a base while conducting busi- A recent event of special note in- compiling a "book pack" of nine very ness in Manila. Volunteers and staff volving the TSC was the ICE In- useful titles, such as Where There Is in Manila also take advantage of the country Resource Center Workshop No Doctor. The seasoned staff of the cool lounge with its newspapers and held in Manila, July 7-11, 1986. The TSC are knowledgeable about infor- large display area of pleasure reading Workshop participants spent an en- mation sources in the Philippines. materials which consists mainly of tire day in the TSC to research ques- By participating in library and other paperback novels. This collection of information handling activities, they approximately one hundred books (Continued on page 28)

Returned Peace Corps Volunteer Groups The series of events that led up to between Volunteer service and life in ous water supply and agricultural the exciting celebration of Peace the United States, and there are many projects. To raise funds for these Corps' 25th Anniversary in Washing- groups from which the recently re- projects, RPCV groups have done the ton, D.C., September 18-21, 1986, turned Volunteer may choose. RPCV following and more: sold tee-shirts; generated immense enthusiasm for groups are as diverse as the character flown kites; held benefit dances and the Peace Corps both at home and of the Peace Corps. Most of the pancake breakfasts; and raffled abroad. An estimated 10,000 people groups are organized geographically, items. Proceeds from the extremely attended the more than 80 confer- some by country of service and a few successful RPCVIWashington D.C. ences held throughout the United by political orientation. Currently, international happy hour series go to States and the weekend of events in over 60 groups span more than half Peace Corps Partnership. For more Washington, D.C. (see other articles the U.S. and boast a membership of information on the guidelines and re- in this issue). The majority of the par- approximately 5,000. A flurry of (Continued on page 27) ticipants in these activities were group formation occurred after Peace Returned Peace Corps Volunteers Corps' 20th Anniversary in 1981, ICE Almanac (RPCVs) who feel so strongly about usually rising out of informal social world peace that they continue to activities among RPCVs. Groups vary ICE Director fulfill the goals of Peace Corps. in their degree of organization and Maureen Delaney Many RPCVs have found that their activity but many publish news- Editor efforts are more effective and more letters, elect officials and hold reg- David Thomas enjoyable when they join together to ular meetings and events. Further- Networking form RPCV groups. The list of ac- more, many RPCV groups engage in Trish Heady complishments and activities of activities that have a direct impact on these groups is very extensive, but Volunteer projects. The ICE ALMANAC features a most cluster around these themes: One way that many RPCV groups variety of Volunteer ideas and contribute to the development effort technologies which can be Promoting Peace Corps' third is through the funding of projects. goa1 which is bringing the adapted locally, and highlights Oftentimes the easiest channel for particular program areas with back home; this funding is through the Peace Assisting returned Vol- Corps partnenhip program. In this notes and recommendations from programming specialists in the unteers adjust to life state-side; program, the community identifies a in Peace re- need and submits a proposal to meet Office of Training and Program Support. cruiting efforts; that need through a Volunteer. Over Strengthening development pro- Information Collection and Ex- the last few years, 25 different RPCV change (ICE) is Peace Corps' cen- jects overseas; groups have sponsored 36 projects; Organizing tral technical information unit. the RPCVs of South Carolina are cur- Contributions, requests for tech- ment projects in their own areas; rently among the most energetic, Voicing politica1 and supporting six partnership projects. nical information or correspond- Having fun! ence concerning the ALMANAC Examples of RPCV-sponsored proj- should be sent to: Peace Corps, Every Volunteer is confronted with ects include an electric grain mill in ICE, Rm. M-707, 806 Connecticut problems upon returning home. Mali, school building or improve- Ave., NW, Washington, DC 20526. RPCV groups are a comforting link ment in several countries and vari- Peace Corps Times sponsibilities involved in a Partner- the impressive resources offered by of available individuals with specific ship Project, contact your country RPCV groups not only contributes to language and other skills and fund- staff or write to: the potential for support in your cur- raising for organizations within their rent positions, but also enhances communities such as a Children's Peace Corps Partnership Project your impact on the United States and Hospital. Issue-oriented RPCVs Room 1107 the success of your re-entry process sponsor forums for discussing topics 806 Connecticut Avenue, N.W. into life at home. of interest, publish books and other Washington, D.C. 20526 Spearheading much of the RPCV materials or sponsor specific pro- development education activities is jects. The members of Les Amis du the National Council of Returned Togo keep their ties to Togo strong by RPCV groups have provided assis- Peace Corps Volunteers. The United arranging a semiannual trip there. tance to developing countries in States Agency for International De- RPCV groups also work with Peace other ways as well. Several groups velopment (AID) has awarded the Corps in the United States by assist- support scholarship programs for National Council funds for develop- ing with recruiting, orienting and host country nationals. The Peace ment activities. Additional funds helping RPCVs readjust and, some- Corps Alumni for Philippine Devel- from the Carnegie Corporation of times, find employment. For exam- opment Foundation maintains a con- New York have enabled the National ple, together with the Peace Corps tact in Washington, D.C. and Manila, Council to organize a considerable Recruiting Office, the Association of the Philippines to select and admin- development education effort. The Kansas Returned Peace Corps Vol- ister student scholarships. RPCVI National Council offers seed grants unteers organizes "NOM" parties Washington, D.C. regularly sponsors to RPCV groups for projects such as where RPCVs and potential Peace the Ashoka Society which provides photo ,libraries, a speakers' bureau Corps Volunteer candidates interact. fellowships to public policy innova- handbook and other educational RPCV groups are a very important tors. Les Amis du Togo (Friends of aids. The National Council's news- link in the Peace Corps network, es- Togo) assists Togolese students with letter, Development Education Ex- pecially because they offer support periodic scholarships. The Jean Ya- change, keeps RPCVs current on to newly returned Volunteers who manaka Fund of the Southern Cali- Third Goal activities and offers prac- have undergone a unique experience fornia Peace Corps Service Council tical advice, such as how to put on a with which most Americans cannot provides funds for ongoing projects. slide presentation. The "Opportun- fully identify simply because they In addition to these activities, RPCV ities for Action" section of the news- have not gone through it. RPCV groups also work regularly with other letter presents a calendar of activities groups play such an important role development groups such as Oxfam that will facilitate collaboration be- in Peace Corps that the Office of Pri- America, Youth for Understanding tween RPCVs and other development vate Sector Development (Peace and Partners of the Americas. organizations. If you are interested in Corps Partnership is also in this of- Thus far, most resources that learning more about the National fice) has created a position for an RPCVs have shared with developing Council or development education RPCV liaison person. countries have been financial; how- activities, you may contact: About six months before close of ever, the potential to expand RPCV service, all Volunteers receive a Ca- assistance to these countries through reer Resource Manual from the Of- current Volunteers is considerable The National Council of fice of Returned Volunteer Services and will, it is hoped, be more fully Returned Peace Corps Volunteers which contains a list of RPCV explored. Book donations and assis- P.O. Box 1404 groups. You may want to communi- tance with technical queries are two Omaha, Nebraska 68101 ways that RPCVs may be able to help cate with the group you wish to join Volunteers. In turn, Volunteers can before you leave country. And re- be very helpful in increasing the re- Some other ways that many RPCV member, most of these groups began as social organizations and they still sources of RPCV groups. Most of the groups contribute to development RPCV activities revolve around Peace education are: sponsoring confer- recognize the importance of that function! Corps' third goal, development edu- ences; training teachers; participat- cation, i.e. informing Americans of ing in international fairs; organizing the situations in developing coun- a speakers' bureau to give talks on tries. Any photograph, artifact, anec- developing countries; producing a dote or other example of the culture Peace Corps' Anniversary timeline in which you are living that you can history poster and map; publishing collect now will be of extreme im- cookbooks of recipes, customs, and portance when you come home. food traditions from countries of Strengthening ties between cur- service. rent and returned Volunteers is one Other RPCV activities include way to harness the enthusiasm for at- many community-minded projects tainable development generated by such as sponsoring refugee families, National Council of Returned Peace the 25th Anniversary. Awareness of creating language- and skills-banks Corps Volunteers Peace Corps Times NovemberIDecember 1986 27 Sector Updates

Available free through ICE to PC dination, U.S. Agency for Interna- offices/resource centers incountry tional Development, Washington, Making Building Blocks With the only; two copies per country. DC) 105 pp. Free. CINVA Ram: A Supervisor's Manual Identifies what works and does not (ICE Reprint). Physics Olympics Handbook, by Susan Agruso, Carole Escobar, and work in specific environments. Pro- Explains how to use the CINVA Ram Virginia Moore, 1984 (American As- poses comprehensive framework for Block Press, a simple, low-cost por- sociation of Physics Teachers, 5110 measuring the impact of develop- table machine for making blocks and Roanoke Place, Suite 101, College ment on women. Suggests strategies tiles from ordinary soil. A step-by- Park, MD 20740) 26 pp. $3.00. for collecting additional information. step approach prepared by people Gives basic guidelines for organizing Available free through ICE to all who used the machine and worked PCVs and staff working in related out the problems. and running a Physics Olympics within one school or among many. projects. Available free through ICE to all Provides descriptions of various pos- PCVs and staff working in related sible events, ranging from different Third World Women at Work, Chil- projects. types of constructions, to outdoor dren in the Tropics Series, 1983 projects, quizzes and art shows. In- (International Children's Centre, cludes basic rules for each event Chateau de Longchamp, Bois de Bou- mentioned, and gives tips on scoring, logne 75016 Paris, France) 39 pp. EDUCATION judging, awarding prizes, etc. Free. ------.- -- Discusses women's role in food pro- .\ Available free through ICE to PC ~dvancedLevel Physics, by M. Nel- offices/resource centers incountry duction and wage earning. Encour- kon and P. Parker, 1982 (Heineman only; two copies per country. ages discussion of ways to improve - everyday conditions for women and Educational Books Ltd., 22 Bedford Square, London WClB 3HN, Eng- to define their relationship to the workplace more clearly. \ land) 948 pp. $27.50. TRAINING

A textbook for advanced-level stu- I Available free through ICE to all ~~~~~~~d ~~~k~t~~~~:A ~~~i~i~~PCVs and staff working in related dents of physics. Chapters On the \ Manual, edited by Lynda Lillywhite, projects. mechanics and properties of matter; ', Domestic Technology International, heat; geometrical optics; waves, Inc., 1984 (Peace Corps/Information /wave optics and sound; electricity \ Collection and Exchange) 245 pp. and atomic physics. Includes review exercises and multiple choice quiz- (Networking from page 26) zes with answer keys. I A pre-service training manual for the tions, catalog materials and role play. construction, testing and mainte- This experience was rated the high- Available free through ICE nance of earthen, ceramic and metal est of all the activities in the Work- ~ffices~resourcecenters cookstoves. Designed primarily for shop. Many participants found the nly; two copies per count trainers with experience in cook- policies and procedures of the TSC y- ---+------stove technology, metal working and so helpful that they decided to adapt Physics for Rural Development, by ceramics. May be adapted by less ex- them to their own in-country re- D.G. Swift, 1983 Uohn WileJ' and perienced trainers by enlisting the source centers. Sons* 605 3rd Ave., New York, NY collaboration of local experts. Em- The staff of TSC also benefitted 10158) 257 pp. $37.95. phasizes the sociocultural and tech- from participant use in that it en- ~~~~~d~dfor teachers who wish to nological considerations involved in 'abled them to see the strengths and teach physics from a perspective of Stove construction and the impor- the weaknesses of their systems. greater relevance to the rural envi- tance of increased efficiency in the Some of the actions that the TSC staff ronment. introduces individual ex- context of a worsening fuel crisis. decided to undertake as a result of amples of applied physics such as Available free through ICE to PC the Workshop are: the design of water towers and solar st&' and others involved in the to review the entire technical water heaters, the use of biogas and training of pcvs. collection, beginning with the data hydraulic rams, the physics of art files, for relevance of materials; and music, and studies their theoret- to discard irrelevant materials ical bases in depth. Provides guid- WID and catalog those to be retained us- ance for teachers in implementing ing the ICE classification scheme; the rural physics approach. Includes Assessing the Impact of Develop- to acquire and catalog new mate- exercises and answer keys as well as ment Projects on Women, by Ruth B. rials; references to sources of information Dixon, 1980 (Office of Women in De- to produce a procedures guide to on appropriate technology and rural velopment and Office of Evaluation, assist staff and users in understand- development. Bureau for Program and Policy Coor- ing the mechanics of the TSC. Peace Corps Times Harry Belafonte, host extraordinaire and Master BACK COVER-Judy and Alan Guskin, two of of Ceremonies at the Kennedy Center Salute to Peace Corps' first Volunteers (Thailand 61-64) Peace Corps, holds Emilio Mestre of the Wash- lay a wreath near the Eternal Flame which burns ington International Childrens Choir. Emilio is brightly at the grave of President John F. from Bolivia. Kennedy at Arlington National Cemetery. They are flanked by Sargent Shriver and Loret Miller Ruppe. The Guskins were in the crowd that Oc- tober night in 1960 at the University of Michigan when Kennedy made his now famous speech about a "peace corps." dl- - - - r