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A Concept of the Political, The, 25, 38 Aron, Raymond, 5, 13 Contingent realism, 5 Conventional Deterrence, 38 Crawford, Neta, 53–54, 76 B Cuban Missile Crisis, 60 Balance-of-power theory, 75 Balancing, power checking task in, 95 Barkin, Samuel, 98 D Bloodletting, 95 Darwin, Charles, 10 Bolshevist revolution, 60 Defence of the National Interest, In, 27 Brown, Chris, 29 Defensive mechanism Buck-passing, power checking fear as, 136 task in, 95 Defensive realism, 6, 120, 122 Bush, George W., 36 fear in, 120 Buzan, Barry, 136 Waltz’s, 122 Defensive realism, Waltz’s, 72 Delors, Jacques, 131 C Donnelly, Jack, 9, 75–76, 84, 122 Campbell, David, 1 Carr, E. H., 5 Christen, Thomas, 6 E Christendom Elman, Colin, 6 fear and, 1 Emotion Classical realism, Morgenthau’s, as political tool, 10 48, 50, 52, 123 Empirical aspect of fear in balance of power, 52 Morgenthau’s works, 58 Clinton, David, 29 Enloe, Cynthia, 1 Collective Action, 4 Evrigenis, Ioannis, 4

© The Author(s) 2017 169 A.H. Pashakhanlou, Realism and Fear in International Relations, DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-41012-8 170 INDEX

F power checking task in, Fear, 10 balancing, 95 conception of, 117 power checking task in, buck- definition, 11 passing, 95 in international relations, 1 security dilemma and, 107 logic of, 121 Soviet fears of US power, 103 logical element of, 14 Soviets capabilities, 103 in realism revised, 135 theoretical and empirical use of theoretical framework, 132 fear, 106 theoretical role of, 119 Tragedy of Great Power Politics, Fear concept, in Mearsheimer’s The, 37 works, 23, 34, 36–38, 91, on Waltz’s works, 93 100–104, 106–107, 131 war in pursuit of power, 95 analysis of, 37 Who’s Afraid of Academic assumptions, 93 Freedom?, 38 bait and bleed in pursuit of Fear concept, in Morgenthau’s power, 95 works, 23, 126 balancing power, 96 analysis of, 29 bipolarity in, 96 as balance of power, 50 blackmail in pursuit of power, 95 bolshevism, 46 Crimean War, 104 classical realism, 48, 65 empirical aspect of fear in, 102 classical realism, logical need fear in the core of, 97 for fear in, 61 fear of China, 37 conception of fear, 45 fearmongering, 36, 92 Concept of the Political, The, 25 generic statements, 92 Defence of the National Interest, Liddell Hart and the Weight of In, 27 History and Conventiona in domestic politics, 48 Deterrence, 38 dreadful French, 24 multipolarity in, 96 as emotion in international of nuclear war, 34 politics, 45–46 offensive realism, 131 empirical aspect of, 58 as offensive realism, 91, 98, 101: ‘The End of Switzerland’s equating fear and ‘Differential’ Neutrality’, 24 aggression, 101 in English on international law, 25 as offensive realism, assumptions, 98 fear in the core of, 52 as offensive realism, logical need fear in the periphery of, 55 of, 106 fears of revolution, 60 as offensive realism, Mearsheimer’s, in foreign languages, 23–24 inconsistensies in, 100 French publications, 25 as offensive realism, states and, 97 generated by ‘their rivals’, 47 power and, 94–95 ‘The H-Bomb and After’ article, 28 INDEX 171

hate as driving force, 55 Foreign Policy and Democratic on international law, 23 Politics, 31 in international politics, 48 Man, the State and War: A in IR, 26 Theoretical Analysis, 30 logical consistency of fear in, 62 Morgenthau’s approach and, 73 as misperception, 57 multipolarity conditions and, 74 in Nationalist Socialist Germany, 54 nuclear weapons in, 80 Plans for Work, 24 real or imaginary, question of, 72 Politics Among Nations, 26, 29 Schweller on, 82 as primitive negative emotions, 47 Spread of Nuclear Weapons, Purpose of American Politics, The, 33 The, 30 state as a core, 75 rational theory of international survival assumption and, 83 politics conception and, 64 Theory of International Scientific Man vs. Power Politics, 32 Politics, 26 Fear of Enemies, 4 as security dilemma, 56 Feminism in Soviet Union, 54 fear and, 1 in Spanish language, 24 First World War in 1914, 56, 58, 126 status quo policy, 56 Franco-German War of 1870, ‘The Tragedy of German-Jewish 56, 58–59, 126 Liberalism’ lecture, 28 Freyberg-Inan, Annette, 64 Treaty of Versailles, 46 Friedman, Thomas, 32 Vietnam and the United States, 27 Fear concept, in Waltz’s works, 23, 30–33, 71, 129 G The American and British Gelb, Leslie, 35, 105 Experience, 31 Generalist realism, 5 analysis, 33 Goldstein, Joshua, 1 balance of power and, 73 Griffith, Martin, 53 bipolarity conditions and, 74 defensive realism, 72–73, 75 defensive realism, logical H consistency of fear in, 85 Herz, John, 63 defensive realism, logical need of History of the Peloponnesian fear in, 81 War, 130 emotional relation, 32 History of the Peloponnesian War, emotion role in defensive The, 2, 130 realism, 78 Hobbes, Thomas, 2, 5, 125 empirical aspect of fear in, 79 Holsti, Ole, 53–54 far in the core of, 74 Human nature realism, 5 fear in the periphery of, 77 Hungarian revolution, 60 172 INDEX

I Logical need of fear in Morgenthau’s Intellectual traditions fear and, 1 classical realism, 61 International relations (IR) Logic of fear, 121 fear in, 1 Lord of the Flies film, 81 global survey, 8 literature, 3 method and analysis framework, 12 M realism and fear in, selection Machiavelli, Niccolò, 2, 5, 125 criteria, 7 Man, the State and War: A Theoretical realism in, 1 Analysis, 30 fi self-identi ed realist thinkers in, 5 McCain, John, 80 TRIP survey, 8 McDougal, Myers, 25 McGeorge, Bundy, 10, 12 McNamara, Robert, 10, 12 J Mearsheimer, John, 1–2, 3, 4, 6, 8–10, Jabri, Vivienne, 1 12–16, 23, 30, 34–39, 62, Jervis, Robert, 6, 129 91–111, 117–125, 131–138 Johnson, Thomas, 53–54 metus hostil concept, 4 Jüntersoke, Oliver, 24 Moravcsik, Andrew, 2 Morgenthau, Hans, 1–2, 3, 4, 6, 8–10, 12–16, 23–31, 38–39, 45–66, K 72–73, 85, 92–93, 108, 111, – – Kant, Immanuel, 30 117 130, 133, 135 138 Keohane, Robert, 8 Mutual Assured Destruction Knopf, Alfred A., 30 (MAD), 33 Korean War, 60 Koskenniemi, Martti, 64 Krasner, Stephen, 6 N Kuklick, Bruce, 129 Napoleonic wars, 60 Ned Lebow, Richard, 1 Neoclassical realism, 6, 9, 136 L Neorealism, 5–6 Labs, Eric, 6 Niebuhr, Reinhold, 5 Lasswell, Harold, 25 Nobel, Jaap, 129 Layne, Christopher, 6 Leviathan, 2 Liddell Hart and the Weight of O History, 38 Offensive realism, Mearsheimer’s, 102, Literature on fear in realism, 124 106, 109, 120, 122–123, 132 Little, Richard, 52 balanced multipolarity, 96 Logical consistency of fear in bipolarity, 96 Morgenthau’s classical realism, 62 empirical aspect of fear in, 102 INDEX 173

fear role in, 98 Robert, Jervis, 30 global hegemons versus regional Rose, Gideon, 9 hegemons, 94 Rousseau, Jean-Jacques, 30 logical consistency of fear in, 109 need of fear in, 106 unbalanced multiipolarity, 96 S unipolarity, 96 Schmidt, Brian, 9 Offensive realists, 6 Schuett, Robert, 75 Orwell, George, 1 Schweller, Randall, 6, 82–84, 93, 122 Scientific Man vs. Power P Politics, 26–27 Palestine Liberation Organization Secondary literature, misinterpreting (PLO), 29 role of fear, 125 Peace through transformation, 51 Snyder, Jack, 6 Politics Among Nations, 9, 12, 26–27, Specific realism, 5 29, 129 Spinoza, Baruch, 30 Posen, Barry, 6 Spirtas, Michael, 62–63 Postcolonial studies on fear, 1 Spread of Nuclear Weapons, The, 33 Primitive negative emotion as fear, 47 States, in Morgenthau’s work, 49 Prince, The, 2 Structural realism, 5–6 Principles of Purpose of American Subaltern realism, 5 Politics, The, 30

T R Tang, Shiping, 4 Realism Theoretical role of fear, 119 and beyond, fear in, 117 Theory of International Politics, 6, 8, contingent realism, 5 12, 32 in international relations, 1, 5 Third image theory, 85 literature on fear in, 124 Thompson, Kenneth, 29 logical importance of fear in, 124 Thucydides, 125, 130–131 neorealism, 5 Tragedy of Great Power Politics, realism, 5 The, 12, 24, 37, 98, 134 as a single unified monolithic block, 125 specific realism, 5 V structural realism, 5 Van Evera, Stephen, 6 subaltern realism, 5 Vasquez, John, 75, 136 types, 5 Vietnam and the United States willful realism, 5 monograph, 27 Resende-Santos, João, 75 Vietnam War, 60, 129 174 INDEX

W Wilful realism, 5 Walt, Stephen, 6 William, Thompson, 30 Waltz, Kenneth, 1–2, 3, 4, 6, 8–10, Williams, Michael, 64 12–16, 23, 30–34, 38–39, 62, 66, Wohlforth, William, 6 71–87, 92–93, 100, 108–111, Wolfers, Arnold, 5, 62 117–125, 129–131, 135–138 World War I, fear-centric Weber, Cynthia, 9, 84, 122 account of, 127 Wendt, Alexander, 1, 8 Who’s Afraid of Academic Freedom?, 38 Z Why Leaders Lie: The Truth About Zakaria, Fareed, 6 Lying in International Politics, 92 Zedong, Mao, 105