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Dissolved Pesticide Concentrations in the Sacramento- San Joaquin Delta and Grizzly Bay, California, 2011–12

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Dissolved Pesticide Concentrations in the Sacramento- San Joaquin Delta and Grizzly Bay, California, 2011–12 Prepared in cooperation with the San Luis and Delta Mendota Water Authority Dissolved Pesticide Concentrations in the Sacramento- San Joaquin Delta and Grizzly Bay, California, 2011–12 Data Series 779 U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey Cover. Photo was taken from the research vessel, Questuary, while traveling from San Francisco Bay to the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta to collect samples for the project. The Richmond-San Rafael Bridge is in the background. (Photo taken by James L. Orlando, U.S. Geological Survey). Dissolved Pesticide Concentrations in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta and Grizzly Bay, California, 2011–12 By James L. Orlando, Megan McWayne, Corey Sanders, and Michelle Hladik Prepared in cooperation with the San Luis and Delta Mendota Water Authority Data Series 779 U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey U.S. Department of the Interior SALLY JEWELL, Secretary U.S. Geological Survey Suzette M. Kimball, Acting Director U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia: 2013 For more information on the USGS—the Federal source for science about the Earth, its natural and living resources, natural hazards, and the environment, visit http://www.usgs.gov or call 1–888–ASK–USGS. For an overview of USGS information products, including maps, imagery, and publications, visit http://www.usgs.gov/pubprod To order this and other USGS information products, visit http://store.usgs.gov Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Although this information product, for the most part, is in the public domain, it also may contain copyrighted materials as noted in the text. Permission to reproduce copyrighted items must be secured from the copyright owner. Suggested citation: Orlando, J.L., McWayne, Megan, Sanders, Corey, and Hladik, Michelle, Dissolved pesticide concentrations in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta and Grizzly Bay, California, 2011–12: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 779, 24 p. iii Contents Abstract ...........................................................................................................................................................1 Introduction.....................................................................................................................................................1 Purpose and Scope ..............................................................................................................................1 Regional Setting ....................................................................................................................................3 Pesticide Use .........................................................................................................................................3 Rainfall and Hydrologic Conditions ...................................................................................................3 Procedures and Methods .............................................................................................................................3 Sample Collection ................................................................................................................................5 Sample Processing ...............................................................................................................................5 Analytical Methods...............................................................................................................................5 Pesticides ......................................................................................................................................5 GC/MS Analysis ..................................................................................................................5 LC/MS/MS Analysis ............................................................................................................7 Method Detection Limits ..................................................................................................7 Dissolved Organic Carbon .........................................................................................................8 Quality-Assurance and Quality-Control Methods and Results ..............................................................8 Pesticides ..............................................................................................................................................8 Dissolved Organic Carbon ...................................................................................................................8 Results ............................................................................................................................................................8 Spring 2011 .............................................................................................................................................8 Spring 2012 ...........................................................................................................................................16 Summary........................................................................................................................................................16 References Cited..........................................................................................................................................23 iv Figures 1. Map showing locations of sampling sites in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta and Grizzly Bay, California ................................................................................................2 2. Graph showing daily mean streamflow from U.S. Geological Survey streamgages at Sacramento River at Freeport, California, (11447650) and San Joaquin River near Vernalis (11303500), spring 2011 ..............................................................4 3. Graph showing daily mean streamflow from U.S. Geological Survey streamgages at Sacramento River at Freeport, California, (11447650) and San Joaquin River near Vernalis (11303500), spring 2012 ..............................................................4 4. Graph showing pesticide detection frequencies from sites in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta and Grizzly Bay, California, during spring 2011 ...............................................................................................................................................15 5. Graph showing pesticide detections at Suisun Bay at Mallard Island, California, by sampling event and average daily rainfall in the Sacramento and San Joaquin Valley during spring 2011............................................................................15 6. Graph showing concentrations of the most frequently detected pesticides from sites in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta and Grizzly Bay, California, during spring 2011 .......................................................................................................................17 7. Graph showing pesticide detection frequencies from sites in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta and Grizzly Bay, California, during spring 2012 ...................................................................................................................................21 8. Graph showing pesticide detections at Sacramento River above Point Sacramento, California, by sampling event during spring 2012 ..........................................21 9. Graph showing concentrations of the most frequently detected pesticides from sites in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta and Grizzly Bay, California, during spring 2012 .......................................................................................................................22 10. Graph showing simazine concentrations in samples from the Sacramento River above Point Sacramento, California, during spring 2012 ...........................................22 v Tables 1. Surface-water sampling sites in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta and Grizzly Bay, California ...................................................................................................................2 2. Method detection limits for pesticides in water measured by the U.S. Geological Survey Organic Chemistry Research Laboratory in Sacramento, California ........................................................................................................................................6 3. Pesticide concentrations measured by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry in environmental and field replicate water samples from sites in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta and Grizzly Bay, California, collected during the spring of 2011 and 2012 and the relative standard deviations between results ............................................................................................................................9 4. Pesticide concentrations measured by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry in environmental and field replicate water samples from sites in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta and Grizzly Bay, California, collected during the spring of 2011 and 2012 and the relative standard deviations between results ..........................................................................................................................11 6. Pesticide concentrations measured in water samples collected from sites in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta and Grizzly Bay, California, during spring 2011 ...............................................................................................................................................13
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