Redalyc.Phytoecdysteroids from Silene Plants: Distribution, Diversity
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Untangling Phylogenetic Patterns and Taxonomic Confusion in Tribe Caryophylleae (Caryophyllaceae) with Special Focus on Generic
TAXON 67 (1) • February 2018: 83–112 Madhani & al. • Phylogeny and taxonomy of Caryophylleae (Caryophyllaceae) Untangling phylogenetic patterns and taxonomic confusion in tribe Caryophylleae (Caryophyllaceae) with special focus on generic boundaries Hossein Madhani,1 Richard Rabeler,2 Atefeh Pirani,3 Bengt Oxelman,4 Guenther Heubl5 & Shahin Zarre1 1 Department of Plant Science, Center of Excellence in Phylogeny of Living Organisms, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 14155-6455, Tehran, Iran 2 University of Michigan Herbarium-EEB, 3600 Varsity Drive, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48108-2228, U.S.A. 3 Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, P.O. Box 91775-1436, Mashhad, Iran 4 Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Box 461, 40530 Göteborg, Sweden 5 Biodiversity Research – Systematic Botany, Department of Biology I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Menzinger Str. 67, 80638 München, Germany; and GeoBio Center LMU Author for correspondence: Shahin Zarre, [email protected] DOI https://doi.org/10.12705/671.6 Abstract Assigning correct names to taxa is a challenging goal in the taxonomy of many groups within the Caryophyllaceae. This challenge is most serious in tribe Caryophylleae since the supposed genera seem to be highly artificial, and the available morphological evidence cannot effectively be used for delimitation and exact determination of taxa. The main goal of the present study was to re-assess the monophyly of the genera currently recognized in this tribe using molecular phylogenetic data. We used the sequences of nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and the chloroplast gene rps16 for 135 and 94 accessions, respectively, representing all 16 genera currently recognized in the tribe Caryophylleae, with a rich sampling of Gypsophila as one of the most heterogeneous groups in the tribe. -
Section Elisanthe)
POPULATION GENETICS AND SPECIATION IN THE PLANT GENUS SILENE (SECTION ELISANTHE) by ANDREA LOUISE HARPER A thesis submitted to The University of Birmingham for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY School of Biosciences The University of Birmingham 2009 University of Birmingham Research Archive e-theses repository This unpublished thesis/dissertation is copyright of the author and/or third parties. The intellectual property rights of the author or third parties in respect of this work are as defined by The Copyright Designs and Patents Act 1988 or as modified by any successor legislation. Any use made of information contained in this thesis/dissertation must be in accordance with that legislation and must be properly acknowledged. Further distribution or reproduction in any format is prohibited without the permission of the copyright holder. ABSTRACT This thesis is concerned with speciation and population genetics in the plant genus Silene (section Elisanthe). The introductory chapter is a literature review covering characteristics of the species studied, and the current literature on their evolutionary dynamics and population genetics. The second and third chapters cover techniques used in all experiments, such as DNA extraction, sequencing and genotyping protocols, and explain the rationale behind the initial experimental design. The fourth chapter focuses on the multi-locus analysis of autosomal gene sequences from S. latifolia and S. dioica. The relationship between the two species was investigated using various analyses such as isolation modeling and admixture analysis providing estimates of evolutionary distance and extent of historical gene flow. The maintenance of the species despite frequent hybridization at present-day hybrid zones is discussed. -
Ecdysone: Structures and Functions Guy Smagghe Editor
Ecdysone: Structures and Functions Guy Smagghe Editor Ecdysone: Structures and Functions Editor Guy Smagghe Laboratory of Agrozoology Faculty of Bioscience Engineering Ghent University Belgium ISBN 978-1-4020-9111-7 e-ISBN 978-1-4020-9112-4 Library of Congress Control Number: 2008938015 © 2009 Springer Science + Business Media B.V. No part of this work may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher, with the exception of any material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Printed on acid-free paper springer.com Preface The 16th International Ecdysone Workshop took place at Ghent University in Belgium, July 10–14, 2006 and drew some 150 attendees, many of these young students and postdoctoral associates. These young scientists had the opportunity to dis- cuss their work with many senior scientists at meals, breaks and during the several social events, and were encouraged to do so. This book resulting from the meeting is more up-to-date than might be expected since manuscripts were not delivered to the editor until 2007. The workshop itself had 54 oral presentations as well as many posters. This book, and the meeting itself, is comprised of 23 contributed chapters falling into five general categories: Fundamental Aspects of Ecdysteroid Research: The Distribution and Diversity of Ecdysteroids in Animals and Plants; Ecdysteroid Genetic Hierarchies in Insect Growth and Reproduction; Role of Cross Talk and Growth Factors in Ecdysteroid Titers and Signaling; Ecdysteroid Function Through Nuclear and Membrane Receptors; Ecdysteroids in Modern Agriculture, Medicine, Doping and Ecotoxicology. -
Rare Plant Survey of San Juan Public Lands, Colorado
Rare Plant Survey of San Juan Public Lands, Colorado 2005 Prepared by Colorado Natural Heritage Program 254 General Services Building Colorado State University Fort Collins CO 80523 Rare Plant Survey of San Juan Public Lands, Colorado 2005 Prepared by Peggy Lyon and Julia Hanson Colorado Natural Heritage Program 254 General Services Building Colorado State University Fort Collins CO 80523 December 2005 Cover: Imperiled (G1 and G2) plants of the San Juan Public Lands, top left to bottom right: Lesquerella pruinosa, Draba graminea, Cryptantha gypsophila, Machaeranthera coloradoensis, Astragalus naturitensis, Physaria pulvinata, Ipomopsis polyantha, Townsendia glabella, Townsendia rothrockii. Executive Summary This survey was a continuation of several years of rare plant survey on San Juan Public Lands. Funding for the project was provided by San Juan National Forest and the San Juan Resource Area of the Bureau of Land Management. Previous rare plant surveys on San Juan Public Lands by CNHP were conducted in conjunction with county wide surveys of La Plata, Archuleta, San Juan and San Miguel counties, with partial funding from Great Outdoors Colorado (GOCO); and in 2004, public lands only in Dolores and Montezuma counties, funded entirely by the San Juan Public Lands. Funding for 2005 was again provided by San Juan Public Lands. The primary emphases for field work in 2005 were: 1. revisit and update information on rare plant occurrences of agency sensitive species in the Colorado Natural Heritage Program (CNHP) database that were last observed prior to 2000, in order to have the most current information available for informing the revision of the Resource Management Plan for the San Juan Public Lands (BLM and San Juan National Forest); 2. -
Nuclear Receptor Ftz-F1 Promotes Follicle Maturation and Ovulation
RESEARCH ARTICLE Nuclear receptor Ftz-f1 promotes follicle maturation and ovulation partly via bHLH/PAS transcription factor Sim Elizabeth M Knapp1, Wei Li1, Vijender Singh2, Jianjun Sun1,2* 1Department of Physiology & Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, United States; 2Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, United States Abstract The NR5A-family nuclear receptors are highly conserved and function within the somatic follicle cells of the ovary to regulate folliculogenesis and ovulation in mammals; however, their roles in Drosophila ovaries are largely unknown. Here, we discover that Ftz-f1, one of the NR5A nuclear receptors in Drosophila, is transiently induced in follicle cells in late stages of oogenesis via ecdysteroid signaling. Genetic disruption of Ftz-f1 expression prevents follicle cell differentiation into the final maturation stage, which leads to anovulation. In addition, we demonstrate that the bHLH/PAS transcription factor Single-minded (Sim) acts as a direct target of Ftz-f1 to promote follicle cell differentiation/maturation and that Ftz-f1’s role in regulating Sim expression and follicle cell differentiation can be replaced by its mouse homolog steroidogenic factor 1 (mSF-1). Our work provides new insight into the regulation of follicle maturation in Drosophila and the conserved role of NR5A nuclear receptors in regulating folliculogenesis and ovulation. Introduction *For correspondence: [email protected] Female fertility, an essential half of the reproductive equation, requires proper follicle maturation and ovulation. The NR5A family of nuclear receptors are critical for the success of these complex Competing interests: The ovarian processes across species (Jeyasuria et al., 2004; Meinsohn et al., 2019; Mlynarczuk et al., authors declare that no 2013; Sun and Spradling, 2013; Suresh and Medhamurthy, 2012). -
Diversity of Sexual Systems Within Different Lineages of the Genus Silene
Research Article Diversity of sexual systems within different lineages of the genus Silene Ine´s Casimiro-Soriguer1,2*, Maria L. Buide1 and Eduardo Narbona1 1 A´ rea de Bota´nica, Departamento de Biologı´a Molecular e Ingenierı´a Bioquı´mica, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Ctra. de Utrera, km 1, 41013 Sevilla, Spain 2 A´ rea de Bota´nica, Departamento de Biologı´a Vegetal y Ecologı´a, Universidad de Sevilla, Avenida Reina Mercedes s/n, 41012 Sevilla, Spain Received: 16 December 2014; Accepted: 26 March 2015; Published: 10 April 2015 Associate Editor: Diana Wolf Citation: Casimiro-Soriguer I, Buide ML, Narbona E. 2015. Diversity of sexual systems within different lineages of the genus Silene. AoB PLANTS 7: plv037; doi:10.1093/aobpla/plv037 Abstract. Species and populations can be categorized by their sexual systems, depending on the spatial distribu- tion of female and male reproductive structures within and among plants. Although a high diversity of sexual systems exists in Silene, their relative frequency at the genus and infrageneric level is unknown. Here, we carried out an exten- sive literature search for direct or indirect descriptions of sexual systems in Silene species. We found descriptions of sexual systems for 98 Silene species, where 63 and 35 correspond to the phylogenetically supported subgenera Silene and Behenantha, respectively. Hermaphroditism was the commonest sexual system (58.2 %), followed by dioecy (14.3 %), gynodioecy (13.3 %) and gynodioecy–gynomonoecy (i.e. hermaphroditic, female and gynomonoecious plants coexisting in the same population; 12.2 %). The presence of these sexual systems in both subgenera suggests their multiple origins. -
Characterization of the Novel Role of Ninab Orthologs from Bombyx Mori and Tribolium Castaneum T
Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 109 (2019) 106–115 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ibmb Characterization of the novel role of NinaB orthologs from Bombyx mori and Tribolium castaneum T Chunli Chaia, Xin Xua, Weizhong Sunb, Fang Zhanga, Chuan Yea, Guangshu Dinga, Jiantao Lia, ∗ Guoxuan Zhonga,c, Wei Xiaod, Binbin Liue, Johannes von Lintigf, Cheng Lua, a State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China b College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China c Life Sciences Institute and the Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China d College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China e Sericulture Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Science, Chengdu 610066, China f Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA ABSTRACT Carotenoids can be enzymatically converted to apocarotenoids by carotenoid cleavage dioxygenases. Insect genomes encode only one member of this ancestral enzyme family. We cloned and characterized the ninaB genes from the silk worm (Bombyx mori) and the flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum). We expressed BmNinaB and TcNinaB in E. coli and analyzed their biochemical properties. Both enzymes catalyzed a conversion of carotenoids into cis-retinoids. The enzymes catalyzed a combined trans to cis isomerization at the C11, C12 double bond and oxidative cleavage reaction at the C15, C15′ bond of the carotenoid carbon backbone. Analyses of the spatial and temporal expression patterns revealed that ninaB genes were differentially expressed during the beetle and moth life cycles with high expression in reproductive organs. -
Molecular Biology of Bhlh PAS Genes Involved in Dipteran Juvenile Hormone Signaling
Molecular Biology of bHLH PAS Genes Involved in Dipteran Juvenile Hormone Signaling Dissertation Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Aaron A. Baumann. B.S. Graduate Program in Entomology The Ohio State University 2010 Dissertation Committee: Thomas G. Wilson, Advisor David Denlinger H. Lisle Gibbs Amanda Simcox Copyright by Aaron A. Baumann 2010 Abstract Methoprene tolerant (Met), a member of the bHLH-PAS family of transcriptional regulators, has been implicated in juvenile hormone (JH) signaling in Drosophila melanogaster. Met mutants are resistant to the toxic and morphogenetic defects of exogenous JH application. A paralogous gene in D. melanogaster, germ cell expressed (gce), forms JH-sensitive heterodimers with MET, but a function for gce has not been reported. DmMet orthologs from three mosquito species are characterized and, based on sequence analysis and intron position, are shown to have higher sequence identity to Dmgce than to DmMet. An evolutionary scheme for the origin of Met from a gce-like ancestor gene in lower Diptera is proposed. RNAi-driven underexpression of Met in the Yellow Fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti, results in the concomitant reduction of putative JH-inducible genes, suggesting involvement in JH signaling. The viability of D. melanogaster Met mutants is thought to result from functional redundancy conferred by gce. Therefore, genetic manipulation of gce expression was used to probe the function of this gene. Overexpression of gce was shown to alleviate preadult, but not adult Met phenotypes. RNAi-driven underexpression of gce resulted in ii preadult lethality in both Met+ and Met mutant backgrounds. -
List of Plants for Great Sand Dunes National Park and Preserve
Great Sand Dunes National Park and Preserve Plant Checklist DRAFT as of 29 November 2005 FERNS AND FERN ALLIES Equisetaceae (Horsetail Family) Vascular Plant Equisetales Equisetaceae Equisetum arvense Present in Park Rare Native Field horsetail Vascular Plant Equisetales Equisetaceae Equisetum laevigatum Present in Park Unknown Native Scouring-rush Polypodiaceae (Fern Family) Vascular Plant Polypodiales Dryopteridaceae Cystopteris fragilis Present in Park Uncommon Native Brittle bladderfern Vascular Plant Polypodiales Dryopteridaceae Woodsia oregana Present in Park Uncommon Native Oregon woodsia Pteridaceae (Maidenhair Fern Family) Vascular Plant Polypodiales Pteridaceae Argyrochosma fendleri Present in Park Unknown Native Zigzag fern Vascular Plant Polypodiales Pteridaceae Cheilanthes feei Present in Park Uncommon Native Slender lip fern Vascular Plant Polypodiales Pteridaceae Cryptogramma acrostichoides Present in Park Unknown Native American rockbrake Selaginellaceae (Spikemoss Family) Vascular Plant Selaginellales Selaginellaceae Selaginella densa Present in Park Rare Native Lesser spikemoss Vascular Plant Selaginellales Selaginellaceae Selaginella weatherbiana Present in Park Unknown Native Weatherby's clubmoss CONIFERS Cupressaceae (Cypress family) Vascular Plant Pinales Cupressaceae Juniperus scopulorum Present in Park Unknown Native Rocky Mountain juniper Pinaceae (Pine Family) Vascular Plant Pinales Pinaceae Abies concolor var. concolor Present in Park Rare Native White fir Vascular Plant Pinales Pinaceae Abies lasiocarpa Present -
Flower Odour of Silene Otites L
Silene otites (Caryophyllaceae): Attraction of nectar-seeking mosquitoes to inflorescence odours, and temporal variation of flower scent and flower visitors Dissertation zur Erlangung des Grades eines Doktors der Naturwissenschaften ― Dr. rer. nat. ― an der Fakultät Biologie / Chemie / Geowissenschaften der Universität Bayreuth vorgelegt von Umma Salma Jhumur Bayreuth, September 2007 Die vorliegende Arbeit wurde von September 2004 bis September 2007 am Lehrstuhl Pflanzensystematik der Universität Bayreuth in der Arbeitsgruppe von Frau Prof. Sigrid Liede-Schumann angefertigt. Gefördert durch ein Stipendium der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft (Graduiertenkolleg 678). Vollständiger Abdruck der von der Fakultät Biologie, Chemie und Geowissenschaften der Universität Bayreuth genehmigten Dissertation zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades Doktor der Naturwissenschaften (Dr. rer. nat.) Die Arbeit wurde eingereicht am: 10 September 2007 Das Kolloquium fand statt am: 22 November 2007 1. Gutachter: Prof. Dr. Sigrid Liede-Schumann 2. Gutachter: Prof. Dr. Konrad Dettner Prüfungsausschuss: Prof. Dr. Ingolf Steffan-Dewenter PD Dr. Gregor Aas PD Dr. Matthias W. Lorenz Contents General Introduction 1 Goals and Experimental design 6 Results and Discussion 13 Summary 23 Zusammenfassung 27 References 31 Darstellung des Eigenanteils 41 Appendix - Chapter-1: Floral odors of Silene otites (Caryophyllaceae): their variability 42 and attractiveness to mosquitoes. (Accepted, minor revision: Journal of Chemical Ecology). Chapter-2: Electrophysiological and behavioural responses of mosquitoes to 77 volatiles of Silene otites (Caryophyllaceae). (Accepted, minor revision: Arthropod-Plant Interactions). Chapter-3: Naïve and conditioned responses of Culex pipiens pipiens biotype 109 molestus (Diptera: Culicidae) to flower odors. Journal of Medical Entomology (2006). 43:1164-1170. Chapter-4: Temporal variation of flower scent and flower visitors of 116 “nocturnal” Silene otites (Caryophyllaceae). -
Pucciniomycotina: Microbotryum) Reflect Phylogenetic Patterns of Their Caryophyllaceous Hosts
Org Divers Evol (2013) 13:111–126 DOI 10.1007/s13127-012-0115-1 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Contrasting phylogenetic patterns of anther smuts (Pucciniomycotina: Microbotryum) reflect phylogenetic patterns of their caryophyllaceous hosts Martin Kemler & María P. Martín & M. Teresa Telleria & Angela M. Schäfer & Andrey Yurkov & Dominik Begerow Received: 29 December 2011 /Accepted: 2 October 2012 /Published online: 6 November 2012 # Gesellschaft für Biologische Systematik 2012 Abstract Anther smuts in the genus Microbotryum often is a factor that should be taken into consideration in delimitat- show very high host specificity toward their caryophyllaceous ing species. Parasites on Dianthus showed mainly an arbitrary hosts, but some of the larger host groups such as Dianthus are distribution on Dianthus hosts, whereas parasites on other crucially undersampled for these parasites so that the question Caryophyllaceae formed well-supported monophyletic clades of host specificity cannot be answered conclusively. In this that corresponded to restricted host groups. The same pattern study we sequenced the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) was observed in the Caryophyllaceae studied: morphological- region of members of the Microbotryum dianthorum species ly described Dianthus species did not correspond well with complex as well as their Dianthus hosts. We compared phy- monophyletic clades based on molecular data, whereas other logenetic trees of these parasites including sequences of anther Caryophyllaceae mainly did. We suggest that these different smuts from other Caryophyllaceae, mainly Silene,withphy- patterns primarily result from different breeding systems and logenies of Caryophyllaceae that are known to harbor anther speciation times between different host groups as well as smuts. Additionally we tested whether observed patterns in difficulties in species delimitations in the genus Dianthus. -
Flora-Lab-Manual.Pdf
LabLab MManualanual ttoo tthehe Jane Mygatt Juliana Medeiros Flora of New Mexico Lab Manual to the Flora of New Mexico Jane Mygatt Juliana Medeiros University of New Mexico Herbarium Museum of Southwestern Biology MSC03 2020 1 University of New Mexico Albuquerque, NM, USA 87131-0001 October 2009 Contents page Introduction VI Acknowledgments VI Seed Plant Phylogeny 1 Timeline for the Evolution of Seed Plants 2 Non-fl owering Seed Plants 3 Order Gnetales Ephedraceae 4 Order (ungrouped) The Conifers Cupressaceae 5 Pinaceae 8 Field Trips 13 Sandia Crest 14 Las Huertas Canyon 20 Sevilleta 24 West Mesa 30 Rio Grande Bosque 34 Flowering Seed Plants- The Monocots 40 Order Alistmatales Lemnaceae 41 Order Asparagales Iridaceae 42 Orchidaceae 43 Order Commelinales Commelinaceae 45 Order Liliales Liliaceae 46 Order Poales Cyperaceae 47 Juncaceae 49 Poaceae 50 Typhaceae 53 Flowering Seed Plants- The Eudicots 54 Order (ungrouped) Nymphaeaceae 55 Order Proteales Platanaceae 56 Order Ranunculales Berberidaceae 57 Papaveraceae 58 Ranunculaceae 59 III page Core Eudicots 61 Saxifragales Crassulaceae 62 Saxifragaceae 63 Rosids Order Zygophyllales Zygophyllaceae 64 Rosid I Order Cucurbitales Cucurbitaceae 65 Order Fabales Fabaceae 66 Order Fagales Betulaceae 69 Fagaceae 70 Juglandaceae 71 Order Malpighiales Euphorbiaceae 72 Linaceae 73 Salicaceae 74 Violaceae 75 Order Rosales Elaeagnaceae 76 Rosaceae 77 Ulmaceae 81 Rosid II Order Brassicales Brassicaceae 82 Capparaceae 84 Order Geraniales Geraniaceae 85 Order Malvales Malvaceae 86 Order Myrtales Onagraceae