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Turner En De Traditie Van Het Sublieme Gevaar & Schoonheid Turner En De Traditie Van Het Sublieme

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Turner En De Traditie Van Het Sublieme Gevaar & Schoonheid Turner En De Traditie Van Het Sublieme Gevaar & Schoonheid Turner en de traditie van het sublieme Gevaar & Schoonheid Turner en de traditie van het sublieme Feico Hoekstra Museum de Fundatie Ralph Keuning Rijksmuseum Twenthe Paul Knolle Uitgeverij Waanders en de Kunst Karin van Lieverloo Quirine van der Meer Mohr Arnoud Odding Inhoud 7 Voorwoord Ralph Keuning | Arnoud Odding 17 Water AMONGST DIREFUL REEFS 9 Turner in zijn element(en). THE MIDNIGHT TORCH De kunstenaar, de vier elementen en het sublieme INDISTINCTNESS IS MY FORTE Paul Knolle CALM SEA 13 “Combining the force of nature and of truth” LIGHT IS COLOUR Feico Hoekstra 92 Turner en de anderen. 55 Vuur Wedijver om de kunst vooruit te helpen THE SUN IS GOD Paul Knolle THE FIERY FURNACE 95 J.M.W. Turner en Eyal Gever CHAOTIC WARFARE! “Fucking Nature” Karin van Lieverloo 99 Aarde HOW AWFUL IS THE SILENCE OF THE WASTE 174 Op zoek naar het sublieme. Turner als onvermoeibare reiziger TO EXPRESS THE DIVINE LIGHT OF HEAVEN Quirine van der Meer Mohr GREATNESS OF DIMENSION IS A POWERFUL CAUSE UTOPIA 180 Schetsboeken 182 Joseph Mallord William Turner (1775-1851) 137 Lucht Quirine van der Meer Mohr FALLACIES OF HOPE IN FULL POSSESION OF THE SKY 188 Turner Today Ralph Keuning ATMOSPHERE IS MY STYLE 190 Fotoverantwoording 191 Literatuur 192 Colofon T G urner en de traditie van het sublieme urner en de Bruikleengevers 7 Ralph Keuning | Arnoud Odding Voorwoord evaar & S choonheid Tate, Londen Rijksdienst voor het Cultureel Erfgoed, Amersfoort Musée National des Beaux-Arts du Québec Akinci Amsterdam Oudheidkamer Riessen, Rijssen Galerie Ron Mandos, Amsterdam Erasmus Universiteit Rotterdam Museum Het Rembrandthuis, Amsterdam Museum Boijmans Van Beuningen, Rotterdam Rijksmuseum Amsterdam Studio Roosegaarde, Rotterdam Paleis Het Loo Nationaal Museum, Apeldoorn Southampton City Art Gallery, Southampton Museum Arnhem De Pont, Tilburg Bury Art Museum, Greater Manchester UK, Bury Mizuma Art Gallery, Tokyo The Fitzwilliam Museum, Cambridge Centraal Museum, Utrecht Musée des Beaux-Arts, Charleroi Stichting Van Baaren Museum, Utrecht Kunstsammlungen Chemnitz Museum van Bommel van Dam, Venlo Kirchner Museum, Davos Museum Voorlinden, Wassenaar Galerie LhGWR, Den Haag York Museums Trust (York Art Gallery), York Joseph Mallord William Turner (1775–1851) is voor Groot- witte schilderijen. Kunstenaars die vandaag de dag bewust of Galerie West, Den Haag Kunsthaus Zürich Brittannië wat Rembrandt is voor Nederland. Turner belichaamt onbe­­wust aansluiten bij de lijn die door Turner werd uitgezet, Gemeentemuseum, Den Haag Museum de Fundatie, Zwolle & Heino/Wijhe Geschiedkundige Vereniging Oranje-Nassau, Den Haag The Kremer Collection het sublieme landschap, dat een revolutionaire visie op de zijn onder anderen Raquel Maulwurf, Eyal Gever en Hiroyuki Livingstone Gallery, Den Haag Triton Collection Foundation natuur verbeeldde, waarin gevaar en schoonheid elkaar niet Masuyama. Museum Panorama Mesdag, Den Haag Martin Effert uitsluiten maar juist verstrengeld zijn. In A Philosophical Dordrechts Museum, Dordrecht Peter van der Es Enquiry into the Origin of Our Ideas of the Sublime and Beautiful Met de dubbeltentoonstelling Gevaar & Schoonheid - Turner en Scottish National Gallery of Modern Art, Edinburgh Lotte Geeven uit 1757 omschreef de filosoof Edmund Burke de ervaring van de traditie van het sublieme maken Rijksmuseum Twenthe in Van Abbemuseum, Eindhoven Eyal Gever Rijksmuseum Twenthe, Enschede Joukje & Eduard Harinck het sublieme als de sterkste emotie die een mens kan onder- Enschede en Museum de Fundatie in Zwolle de sleutelrol van Galerie Tatjana Pieters, Gent Tjibbe Hooghiemstra gaan. Voor schilders die aan het sublieme uitdrukking wilden Turner in de Europese kunstgeschiedenis zichtbaar. Het is de Glasgow Museums, Glasgow Life, Glasgow Christiaan Kuitwaard geven, betekende dit een ommekeer van beredeneerde en eerste museale presentatie in Nederland sinds vijfendertig Kasteel Huis Bergh, ’s Heerenberg Elise van der Linden beheerste schoonheid naar verbijstering, een beleving zo jaar waarin het werk van Turner centraal staat. Het idee van Indianapolis Museum of Art, Indianapolis Collectie Manders intens dat zij niet meer te bevatten is. Turner, die zichzelf beide musea om een tentoonstelling aan deze grootste schilder Inverness Museum & Art Gallery, High Life Highland, Inverness Han Nefkens H+F Collectie Fries Museum, Leeuwarden Jun Nguyen-Hatsushiba volgens de verhalen ooit liet vastbinden aan de mast van een van Groot-Brittannië te wijden, lag om verschillende redenen Victoria Gallery & Museum, University of Liverpool Olphaert den Otter schip in zwaar weer, bracht die overweldigende sensatie van de voor de hand. Zowel Museum de Fundatie als Rijksmuseum Cesare Lampronti Gallery, Londen/Rome Willem den Ouden natuur het meest pregnant in beeld. Hij schilderde het verlam- Twenthe bezit een collectie kunstwerken van de middeleeuwen National Maritime Museum, Greenwich, Londen Jeroen Princen mende geraas van een storm op zee, de adembenemende diepte tot heden. De schilderkunst van Turner is in dat tijdsbestek Royal Academy of Arts, Londen Aart Schonk van een ravijn en het verblindende licht van een vuurspuwende een kantelpunt tussen klassiek en modern en geeft daarmee de The National Gallery, Londen Marleen Sleeuwits Victoria and Albert Museum, Londen Françoise Stoop vulkaan. reikwijdte van de collecties aan. Bovendien heeft Rijksmuseum Manchester City Galleries, Manchester Levi van Veluw Twenthe de afgelopen jaren meerdere tentoonstellingen van The Whitworth, The University of Manchester Anne Wenzel De verbeelding van de natuur als oerkracht was op zich niet achttiende- en negentiende-eeuwse kunst georganiseerd, National Gallery of Victoria, Melbourne Adrian Woods & Gidi van Maarseveen nieuw en kent zelfs een lange traditie in de Europese schilder- waaronder in 2012 de tentoonstelling Ladies and Gentlemen, Museum Het Valkhof, Nijmegen Diverse particuliere collecties kunst. Turner was zich daarvan bewust. Hij zag zichzelf als met portretten uit Tate Britain. Museum de Fundatie is het enige Galerie Suzanne Tarasieve, Parijs opvolger van Hollandse zeventiende-eeuwse ‘stormschilders’ museum in Nederland dat een olieverfschilderij van Turner als de Van de Velde’s en Ludolf Bakhuizen. In de traditie van het bezit en organiseerde met dat werk als uitgangspunt in 2011 de idyllische landschap, dat bij Turner evolueerde tot ongrijpbare, tentoonstelling Meer licht, die het sublieme in de hedendaagse haast abstracte visioenen van licht en kleur, zag hij zich als beeldende kunst tot onderwerp had. Door de handen ineen te erfgenaam van voorgangers als Claude Lorrain en Aelbert Cuyp. slaan, hebben de twee grootste kunstmusea in Overijssel nu Maar zoals alle grote kunstenaars was hij vooral belangrijk als hun droom gerealiseerd om een heuse Turner-tentoonstelling vernieuwer. Er zijn weinig kunstenaars die de kunstgeschiede - te maken, opgezet in twee delen, die elkaar aanvullen en nis zo sterk hebben beïnvloed als Turner. Het Franse impressio- versterken. nisme van Claude Monet of het Nederlandse luminisme van Piet Mondriaan, waarin de pure sensatie van licht is weergegeven Gevaar & Schoonheid – Turner en de traditie van het sublieme met losse verftoetsen in heldere kleuren, is zonder Turner bestaat uit ruim 170 kunstwerken, zowel schilderijen, aqua- ondenkbaar. Het expressionisme, aan de andere kant van het rellen en tekeningen als beeldhouwwerken, foto’s en licht- en spectrum, heeft de emotionaliteit van schilderen met Turner videoinstallaties. Alle hiervóór genoemde kunstenaars zijn op gemeen. De futuristen, die zich lieten inspireren door de de tentoonstelling vertegenwoordigd, samen met vele anderen. dynamiek van het moderne leven, vonden in Turner eveneens De werken zijn verdeeld naar de vier elementen, die Turner een wegbereider. Hetzelfde geldt voor iemand als Richard Long, met zijn kunst expliciet bestudeerde, soms afzonderlijk en die de fysieke beleving van een landschap tot kunst maakte, soms in hun interacties. De kunstwerken rond de elementen of Piero Manzoni, die oneindigheid verbeeldde met volledig water en vuur zijn te zien in Museum de Fundatie, de werken T G T G urner en de traditie van het sublieme en de traditie urner traditie van het sublieme urner en de evaar evaar & rond aarde en lucht in Rijksmuseum Twenthe. Daarmee is in 8 9 Paul Knolle evaar & Zwolle het zeegezicht de focus, terwijl in Enschede de nadruk Turner in zijn element(en). S S choonheid ligt op landschappen op de vaste wal. Bijzondere aandacht is er choonheid voor de relatie van Turner met Nederland. Van jongs af aan was De kunstenaar, de vier elementen de schilder gefascineerd door de Hollandse meesters van de zeventiende eeuw. In 1817 bezocht hij Nederland persoonlijk en het sublieme en legde hij zijn indrukken vast in schetsboeken. Ze tonen zijn fascinatie voor het vlakke landschap, de heldere luchten en het overal aanwezige water. Hij ging daarna nog een aantal keren naar Nederland en vulde door de jaren heen tien schetsboeken, waarvan er vier op de dubbeltentoonstelling te zien zijn. Als directeuren van de beide organiserende musea presenteren wij met trots het resultaat van deze eerste onderlinge samen- werking. Daarbij hebben wij de genereuze steun mogen onder- vinden van de Turing Foundation, het Mondriaanfonds, het VSB Fonds en Fonds 21. Steun is voorts ontvangen van het G.J. van Heek Jr. Fonds en de Vereniging van Vrienden van Rijksmuseum Twenthe. Zonder de bijdragen van zoveel verschillende fondsen Het is zo gemakkelijk gezegd: Turner is een subliem kunstenaar.
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