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National Park Service Paleontological Research Volume 4 NPS Fossil National Park Service Resources Paleontological Research Edited by Vincent L. Santucci and Lindsay McClelland Technical Report NPS/NRGRD/GRDTR-99/03 United States Department of the Interior•National Park Service•Geological Resource Division TECHNICAL REPORT NPS/NRGRD/GRDTR-99/3 Copies of this report are available from the editors. Geological Resources Division 12795 West Alameda Parkway Academy Place, Room 480 Lakewood, CO 80227 Please refer to: National Park Service D-1341 (October 1999). Cover Illustration Life reconstruction of Metamynodon planifrons and an extinct crowned crane, Balearica sp. in a riparian habitat during the early Oligocene. Based on work conducted in Badlands National Park. The original painting was produced by Carl Buell. NATIONAL PARK SERVICE PALEONTOLOGICAL RESEARCH VOLUME 4 EDITED BY Vincent L. Santucci National Park Service PO Box 592 Kemmerer, WY 83101 AND Lindsay McClelland National Park Service Room 3223 - Main Interior 1849 C Street, N.W. Washington, DC 20240-0001 Geologic Resources Division Technical Report NPS/NRGRD/GRDTR-99/03 October 1999 TECHNICAL REPORT NPS/NRGRD/GRDTR-99/3 To Dr. Michael Soukup, National Park Service Associate Director for Natural Resource Stewardship & Science iii TECHNICAL REPORT NPS/NRGRD/GRDTR-99/3 CONTENTS INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................................................ vii BADLANDS NATIONAL PARK Vertebrate paleontology of the Pierre Shale and Fox Hills formations (Late Campanian - Late Maastrichtian) of Badlands National Park, South Dakota David J. Cicimurri, Gordon L. Bell, Jr. and Philip W. Stoffer .................................................................................... 1 Locomotor adaptations in Metamynodon planifrons compared to other amynodontids (Perissodactyla, Rhinocerotoidea) William P. Wall and Kristen L. Heinbaugh ................................................................................................................. 8 BIGHORN CANYON NATIONAL RECREATION AREA A preliminary assessment of paleontological resources at Bighorn Canyon National Recreation Area, Montana and Wyoming Vincent L. Santucci, David Hays, James Staebler, and Michael Milstein .............................................................. 18 CANYONLANDS NATIONAL PARK An aetosaur (Reptilia:Archosauria) from the Upper Triassic Chinle Group, Canyonlands National Park, Utah Andrew B. Heckert, Spencer G. Lucas and Jerald D. Harris ................................................................................... 23 CHANNEL ISLANDS NATIONAL PARK Giant island/pygmy mammoths: The Late Pleistocene prehistory of Channel Islands National Park Larry D. Agenbroad and Don P. Morris ................................................................................................................... 27 CHESAPEAKE AND OHIO CANAL NATIONAL HISTORIC PARK Stratigraphic and paleontologic record of the Sauk III regression in the central Appalachians David K. Brezinski, John E. Repetski and John F. Taylor ....................................................................................... 32 CURECANTI NATIONAL RECREATION AREA Non-marine trace fossils from the Morrison Formation (Jurassic) of Curecanti National Recreation Area, Colorado Anthony R. Fiorillo .................................................................................................................................................. 42 DENALI NATIONAL PARK & PRESERVE All is not quiet on the paleontological front in Denali National Park R.B. Blodgett and Phil Brease .................................................................................................................................. 47 FLORISSANT FOSSIL BEDS NATIONAL MONUMENT Fossil birds of Florissant, Colorado: With a description of a new genus and species of cuckoo Robert M. Chandler .................................................................................................................................................. 49 FOSSIL BUTTE NATIONAL MONUMENT Paleoecology and paleoenvironments during the intial stages of Eocene Fossil Lake, SW Wyoming Roberto E. Biaggi and H. Paul Buchheim ............................................................................................................... 54 Vegetational history and climatic transition in an Eocene intermontane basin: Plant microfossil evidence from the Green River Formation, Fossil Basin, Wyoming Robert A. Cushman ................................................................................................................................................... 66 Caddisfly (Trichoptera) larval cases from Eocene Fossil Lake Mark A. Loewen, V. Leroy Leggit and H. Paul Buchheim ........................................................................................ 72 PETRIFIED FOREST NATIONAL PARK Incised valley fills in the lower part of the Chinle Formation, Petrified Forest National Park, Arizona: Complete measured sections and regional stratigraphic implications of Upper Triassic Rocks Russel F. Dubiel, Stephen T. Hasiotis and Timothy M. Demko ................................................................................ 78 v Probable reptile nests from the Upper Triassic Chinle Formation, Petrified Forest National Park, Arizona Stephen T. Hasiotis and Anthony J. Martin ............................................................................................................. 85 Occurrences of Zamites powelli in oldest Norian strata in Petrified Forest National Park, Arizona Alisa S. Herrick, David E. Fastovsky and Gregory D. Hoke ................................................................................... 91 New discoveries of Late Triassic dinosaurs from Petrified Forest National Park, Arizona Adrian P. Hunt and Jeremiah Wright ....................................................................................................................... 96 The oldest Triassic strata exposed in Petrified Forest National Park, Arizona revisited Francois Therrien, Matthew M. Jones, David E. Fastovsky, Alisa S. Herrick, and Gregory D. Hoke .................. 101 TIMPANOGOS CAVE NATIONAL MONUMENT An investigation of the Late Pleistocene fauna of Timpanogos Cave National Monument, Utah Christian O. George ............................................................................................................................................... 109 WALNUT CANYON NATIONAL MONUMENT An inventory of paleontological resources from Walnut Canyon National Monument, Arizona Vincent L. Santucci and V. Luke Santucci, Jr. ....................................................................................................... 118 MULTIPLE PARKS Continental ichnofossils from the Upper Jurassic Morrison Formation, Western Interior, USA: What organism behavior tells us about Jurassic environments and climates Stephen T. Hasiotis ................................................................................................................................................ 121 APPENDIX ........................................................................................................................................................................ 126 vi TECHNICAL REPORT NPS/NRGRD/GRDTR-99/3 INTRODUCTION During this last year of the century, the list of National Thanks to Sid Ash, Ron Blakey, Ken Carpenter, Bill Park Service areas identified with paleontological resources Cobban, Russell Dubiel, Dave Gillette, Steve Hasiotis, Adrian has grown to 134. Along with redwoods, grizzlies, geysers, Hunt, Clay Kyte, Greg McDonald, Steve Mitchelson, Don and ancient ruins, the national parks preserve a remarkable Prothero, Tom Olson, Kris Thompson, William Wall, and record of life extending back over a billion years. The rich Michael Whalen, for their willingness to review manuscripts. paleontological resources found in parks have attracted con- Additional thanks to Dave Shaver, Bob Higgins, Dave siderable research interest. Paleontological research from McGinnis, Arvid Aase, Kris Thompson, Graeme MacDonald, within national parks is reported regularly at scientific con- Erin Retelle, Marikka Hughes and Bianca Santucci for their ferences and provides numerous graduate students with the- suggestions and support relative to this research publica- sis projects. tion. I am indebted to Lindsay McClelland, the co-editor of This fourth National Park Service Paleontological Re- this volume, for many contributions that helped to promote search Volume compiles 20 papers representing paleonto- the management, protection and research of paleontological logical research in 12 different National Park Service areas. resources in the national parks. The individual reports reflect a cross-section of the types of This volume is dedicated to Mike Soukup, Associate paleontological research being conducted throughout the Director for Natural Resource Stewardship and Science in National Park System by academic scientists, their students, the National Park Service. His leadership in building support and U.S. Geological Survey staff. The contributions from for science-based decisionmaking has strengthened the man- each of the investigators and their research teams are recog- agement and protection of all park natural resources. Fossils nized and acknowledged in this volume. have been key beneficiaries of these policies, as parks in- I am again proud to include reports documenting a creasingly recognize the importance
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