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Downloaded from Brill.Com09/30/2021 12:10:38PM Via Free Access Glossary of Names 279 Appendix 5 Glossary of Names Note: The information for this appendix is derived from the following sources: A. Mikaberidze, The Russian Officer Corps in the Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars, 1792–1815 (New York, 2005); Encyclopedia Iranica; V.A. Potto, Kavkazskaia voina ve ot- delnykh ocherkakh, episodakh, legendakh i biografiiakh, Vol. I (St. Petersburg, 1885), M. Bamdad, Sharh-e hal-e rejal-e Iran, 6 vols (Tehran, 1968) and Russkii Biograficheskii Slovar, 25 volumes (St. Petersburg, 1896–1913). If birth and/or death dates are not given, they are unknown. ʿAbbas Mirza: Born on August 20, 1789 in the village of Nava in Mazandaran. He was the second son of Fath-ʿAli Shah and, in 1798, at the age of ten, became the official heir- apparent (Nayeb al-Saltaneh) and was appointed as the beglarbeg of Azarbayjan. He was sent to Tabriz accompanied by his tutor, Soleiman Khan Qajar, his vizier, Mirza ʿIsa Farahani (Mirza Bozorg) and the military commander (sardar), Ebrahim Khan Qajar. Following the Russian conquest of Ganjeh in 1804, ʿAbbas Mirza head- ed the Iranian military response during the First and Second Russo-Iranian wars. He engaged the Russian commanders, Tsitsianov, Gudovich, Tormasov, Paulucci and Rtishchev in numerous battles during the First Russo-Iranian War and Yermolov and Paskevich during the Second Russo-Iranian War. Known as a reformer, he at- tempted to modernize the Iranian army and sent a number of Iranian students to study in Europe. He was a signatory of the Treaty of Torkamanchay, which officially acknowledged him and his progeny as the heirs to the Iranian throne. He died on October 25, 1833 in Mashhad. Following the death of Fath-ʿAli Shah in 1834, ʿAbbas Mirza’s son, Mohammad, ascended the throne. Aqa Mohammad Shah Qajar (1742–1797): Founder of the Qajar dynasty. After defeat- ing various pretenders to the Iranian throne, he invaded the South Caucasus and sacked Tiflis in 1795. He took the title of Shah in 1796 and was murdered by his ser- vants in Shushi in 1797. Captured and castrated by enemies in his youth, he named his nephew Baba Khan (the future Fath-ʿAli Shah) as his heir. Arakcheyev, Aleksei Andreyevich (1769–1834): Graduated from the Russian Artillery and Engineer Cadet Corps in 1787, Arakcheyev rose in the ranks and in 1797 became the Quartermaster General of the Russian army. During the reign of Emperor Paul, he was dismissed, forgiven and dismissed again. In 1803, Emperor Alexander I ap- pointed him as the Inspector of All Artillery. He initiated major artillery and other military reforms. He was promoted to the rank of general in 1807 and, in 1808, was named Russian Minister of War and General Inspector of the Infantry and Artillery. © Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, 2021 | doi:10.1163/9789004445161_015 George A. Bournoutian - 9789004445161 Downloaded from Brill.com09/30/2021 12:10:38PM via free access Glossary of Names 279 He was a member of the Imperial Council (1810–1817) and in 1815, while the Emperor focused on foreign affairs, Arakcheyev for all intents and purposes, governed the State. He made many enemies due to his arrogance and was removed from office by Emperor Nicholas I. Alexander, Prince (1780–1844): Referred to by the Iranians as Eskandar Mirza, Alexander was a son of the Georgian king, Erekle II. Unhappy with the Russian takeover of his land, he fled to Iran in 1800 and was named the vali of Georgia by Fath-ʿAli Shah. The Shah, together with ʿAbbas Mirza, provided Alexander with troops to fight the Russians and to incite the Georgians to rebel against Russian occupation. He married Marie, the daughter of Melik Shahak Aghamalean, the leader of the Armenians of Yerevan. At the conclusion of the First Russo-Iranian War, ʿAbbas Mirza granted him a part of eastern Daralagöz mahal in Nakhjavan as his toyul (fief). After the Second Russo-Iranian War, Alexander was forced to leave his fief and move to Tehran, where he died in 1844. He was buried either in the Armenian church in Tehran or that of Tabriz. Argutinskii, Iosif [Hovsep Arghutean], (1743–1801): Scion of the famed Russian- Armenian noble family the Argutinskii-Dolgorukii, Iosif was named the Prelate of the Armenians of Russia in 1773. He was responsible for founding the city of Grigoriopol in the Kherson Province (presently in the Transnistria region of Moldova) and was a close advisor of Gregory Potemkin. Argutinskii was an ardent supporter of the Russian expansion into the South Caucasus and an exponent of a Russian orientation among his people. He accompanied Zubov on his campaign in the South Caucasus in 1796. He was elected Catholicos in 1800 but died in Tiflis in 1801 on his way to Ejmiatsin, without receiving consecration. Benkendorf (Benckendorff ), Alexander Khristoporovich, von (1781–1844): Russian general who briefly served in the South Caucasus in 1803–1804. He participated in a number of battles against Napoleon. In 1826 Emperor Nicholas named him the head of the Gendarmerie Corps and the Third Section of the Emperor’s Personal Chancellery. He also served as a senator and a member of the Privy State Council. He participated in the Russo-Turkish War of 1828–1829. Bulgakov, Sergei Alekseyevich. In 1789, General Bulgakov took part in the battles of Anapa and Sukhum-Kale and together with Gudovich, captured Anapa in 1791. In 1792, he and Gudovich were in charge of the Caucasian Line and made inroads into Kabarda. In 1797 Bulgakov accompanied Zubov’s campaign in the South Caucasus. In 1806, Gudovich gave him Glazenap’s command. On October 15, 1806, Bulgakov occupied Baku and in November he took Qobbeh. Later he served on the Line and campaigned along the Kuban River. In 1811 he returned to Russia. Czartoryski, Adam Jerzy, Prince (1770–1861): Polish nobleman in the service of Russia. He was a member of the Privy Council and served as the Minister of Foreign Affairs from 1804 to 1806. In 1816 he acted as the head of the national government of Poland. George A. Bournoutian - 9789004445161 Downloaded from Brill.com09/30/2021 12:10:38PM via free access 280 Appendix 5 After the Polish uprising of 1830–1831, he emigrated to Paris and was proclaimed King of Poland by Polish nationalists. He sought to restore Poland’s independence until his death in 1861. Daniel of Surmari: Armenian Patriarch of Constantinople (1800–1801). He was elected Catholicos after the death of Iosif Argutinskii, but was challenged by Archbishop David V of Yeneget, who was initially supported by Russia and who had the backing of Mohammad Khan of Yerevan. Although Russia soon reversed its decision, David, who had already been consecrated at Ejmiatsin, as well as Mohammad Khan, refused to accept Daniel, who had arrived in Bayazid. Daniel was seized by the khan and was imprisoned at Ejmiatsin, Yerevan and Maragheh for five years. His cause was taken up by Russia and Tsitsianov, who used it as an excuse to attack Yerevan in 1804. In 1807, in an effort to improve relations with Russia, Daniel was released from his confinement in Maragheh and assumed the leadership of the Armenian Church. He died in the fortress of Yerevan during the siege of that town by General Gudovich in 1808. David V of Yeneget: In 1801 David was elected Armenian Catholicos through Russian and Iranian backing; however, the uproar from the Armenian communities caused Russia to transfer her support to Daniel of Surmari. After Daniel was seized and imprisoned in Iran, David, with the approval of a number of Armenian secular and religious leaders in the Yerevan khanate, and the backing of Mohammad Khan, re- mained the Catholicos for the next five years. The crisis divided the Church hierar- chy, damaged the prestige of the Armenian Church and provided Tsitsianov with the excuse to attack Yerevan in 1804. He was removed from his post in 1807. Ebrahim Khalil Khan Javanshir (ca. 1720–1806): The son of Panah Khan and the gov- ernor of Qarabagh, he ruled the khanate from 1761 until his murder in 1806. He, together with King Erekle II, subjugated the khanates of Ganjeh and Yerevan. Ebrahim was instrumental in the murder and exile of a number of Armenian meliks and placed his own candidate as the Catholicos of Gandzasar. On May 15, 1805, he was the first khan in the South Caucasus to submit to Tsitsianov and to place his domain under Russian protection. Following Tsitsianov’s death, the khan changed sides. He and his entourage were killed by Russian troops outside Shushi, on June 14, 1806, while on their way to join an Iranian advancing army. Ebrahim Shirazi, Hajji: The kalantar of Fars, he betrayed the Zands and became the chief minister of Aqa Mohmmad Shah. He was instrumental in the ascension of Fath-ʿAli Shah, but was removed in 1801 and killed on the Shah’s order. He was re- placed by Mirza Shafiʿ. Erekle II (r. 1744–1798): King of Kakheti (1744–1762), and following the death of his fa- ther, King Teimuraz of Kartli in 1762, King of Kartli-Kakheti (eastern Georgia) until his death in 1798. Erekle had good relations with the Afshar and Zand rulers of Iran; he led a Georgian contingent in Nader’s campaign in India and surrendered Azad Khan, Karim Khan’s enemy, to the Zand ruler. He forced the khans of Yerevan and George A. Bournoutian - 9789004445161 Downloaded from Brill.com09/30/2021 12:10:38PM via free access Glossary of Names 281 Ganjeh to submit to his authority by making a pact with Ebrahim Khan of Qarabagh. He helped Russia in its war with the Ottomans (1768–1774).
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