JSTUC Presentation: JWST Cycle 1 GO/AR Results
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Arxiv:0809.1275V2
How eccentric orbital solutions can hide planetary systems in 2:1 resonant orbits Guillem Anglada-Escud´e1, Mercedes L´opez-Morales1,2, John E. Chambers1 [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] ABSTRACT The Doppler technique measures the reflex radial motion of a star induced by the presence of companions and is the most successful method to detect ex- oplanets. If several planets are present, their signals will appear combined in the radial motion of the star, leading to potential misinterpretations of the data. Specifically, two planets in 2:1 resonant orbits can mimic the signal of a sin- gle planet in an eccentric orbit. We quantify the implications of this statistical degeneracy for a representative sample of the reported single exoplanets with available datasets, finding that 1) around 35% percent of the published eccentric one-planet solutions are statistically indistinguishible from planetary systems in 2:1 orbital resonance, 2) another 40% cannot be statistically distinguished from a circular orbital solution and 3) planets with masses comparable to Earth could be hidden in known orbital solutions of eccentric super-Earths and Neptune mass planets. Subject headings: Exoplanets – Orbital dynamics – Planet detection – Doppler method arXiv:0809.1275v2 [astro-ph] 25 Nov 2009 Introduction Most of the +300 exoplanets found to date have been discovered using the Doppler tech- nique, which measures the reflex motion of the host star induced by the planets (Mayor & Queloz 1995; Marcy & Butler 1996). The diverse characteristics of these exoplanets are somewhat surprising. Many of them are similar in mass to Jupiter, but orbit much closer to their 1Carnegie Institution of Washington, Department of Terrestrial Magnetism, 5241 Broad Branch Rd. -
Arxiv:1603.05644V1
Accepted by ApJ: March 16, 2016 Constraints on Planetesimal Collision Models in Debris Disks Meredith A. MacGregor1, David J. Wilner1, Claire Chandler2, Luca Ricci1, Sarah T. Maddison3, Steven R. Cranmer4, Sean M. Andrews1, A. Meredith Hughes5, Amy Steele6 ABSTRACT Observations of debris disks offer a window into the physical and dynamical properties of planetesimals in extrasolar systems through the size distribution of dust grains. In particular, the millimeter spectral index of thermal dust emission encodes information on the grain size distribution. We have made new VLA ob- servations of a sample of seven nearby debris disks at 9 mm, with 3′′ resolution and ∼ 5 µJy/beam rms. We combine these with archival ATCA observations of eight additional debris disks observed at 7 mm, together with up-to-date observa- tions of all disks at (sub)millimeter wavelengths from the literature to place tight constraints on the millimeter spectral indices and thus grain size distributions. The analysis gives a weighted mean for the slope of the power law grain size distribution, n(a) ∝ a−q, of hqi =3.36 ± 0.02, with a possible trend of decreasing q for later spectral type stars. We compare our results to a range of theoretical models of collisional cascades, from the standard self-similar, steady-state size distribution (q = 3.5) to solutions that incorporate more realistic physics such as alternative velocity distributions and material strengths, the possibility of a cutoff at small dust sizes from radiation pressure, as well as results from detailed dynamical calculations of specific disks. Such effects can lead to size distributions consistent with the data, and plausibly the observed scatter in spectral indices. -
Disks in Nearby Planetary Systems with JWST and ALMA
Disks in Nearby Planetary Systems with JWST and ALMA Meredith A. MacGregor NSF Postdoctoral Fellow Carnegie Department of Terrestrial Magnetism 233rd AAS Meeting ExoPAG 19 January 6, 2019 MacGregor Circumstellar Disk Evolution molecular cloud 0 Myr main sequence star + planets (?) + debris disk (?) Star Formation > 10 Myr pre-main sequence star + protoplanetary disk Planet Formation 1-10 Myr MacGregor Debris Disks: Observables First extrasolar debris disk detected as “excess” infrared emission by IRAS (Aumann et al. 1984) SPHERE/VLT Herschel ALMA VLA Boccaletti et al (2015), Matthews et al. (2015), MacGregor et al. (2013), MacGregor et al. (2016a) Now, resolved at wavelengthsfrom from Herschel optical DUNES (scattered light) to millimeter and radio (thermal emission) MacGregor Planet-Disk Interactions Planets orbiting a star can gravitationally perturb an outer debris disk Expect to see a variety of structures: warps, clumps, eccentricities, central offsets, sharp edges, etc. Goal: Probe for wide separation planets using debris disk structure HD 15115 β Pictoris Kuiper Belt Asymmetry Warp Resonance Kalas et al. (2007) Lagrange et al. (2010) Jewitt et al. (2009) MacGregor Debris Disks Before ALMA Epsilon Eridani HD 95086 Tau Ceti Beta PictorisHR 4796A HD 107146 AU Mic Greaves+ (2014) Su+ (2015) Lawler+ (2014) Vandenbussche+ (2010) Koerner+ (1998) Hughes+ (2011) Matthews+ (2015) 49 Ceti HD 181327 HD 21997 Fomalhaut HD 10647 (q1 Eri) Eta Corvi HR 8799 Roberge+ (2013) Lebreton+ (2012) Moor+ (2015) Acke+ (2012) Liseau+ (2010) Lebreton+ (2016) -
Stars and Their Spectra: an Introduction to the Spectral Sequence Second Edition James B
Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-89954-3 - Stars and Their Spectra: An Introduction to the Spectral Sequence Second Edition James B. Kaler Index More information Star index Stars are arranged by the Latin genitive of their constellation of residence, with other star names interspersed alphabetically. Within a constellation, Bayer Greek letters are given first, followed by Roman letters, Flamsteed numbers, variable stars arranged in traditional order (see Section 1.11), and then other names that take on genitive form. Stellar spectra are indicated by an asterisk. The best-known proper names have priority over their Greek-letter names. Spectra of the Sun and of nebulae are included as well. Abell 21 nucleus, see a Aurigae, see Capella Abell 78 nucleus, 327* ε Aurigae, 178, 186 Achernar, 9, 243, 264, 274 z Aurigae, 177, 186 Acrux, see Alpha Crucis Z Aurigae, 186, 269* Adhara, see Epsilon Canis Majoris AB Aurigae, 255 Albireo, 26 Alcor, 26, 177, 241, 243, 272* Barnard’s Star, 129–130, 131 Aldebaran, 9, 27, 80*, 163, 165 Betelgeuse, 2, 9, 16, 18, 20, 73, 74*, 79, Algol, 20, 26, 176–177, 271*, 333, 366 80*, 88, 104–105, 106*, 110*, 113, Altair, 9, 236, 241, 250 115, 118, 122, 187, 216, 264 a Andromedae, 273, 273* image of, 114 b Andromedae, 164 BDþ284211, 285* g Andromedae, 26 Bl 253* u Andromedae A, 218* a Boo¨tis, see Arcturus u Andromedae B, 109* g Boo¨tis, 243 Z Andromedae, 337 Z Boo¨tis, 185 Antares, 10, 73, 104–105, 113, 115, 118, l Boo¨tis, 254, 280, 314 122, 174* s Boo¨tis, 218* 53 Aquarii A, 195 53 Aquarii B, 195 T Camelopardalis, -
A Terrestrial Planet Candidate in a Temperate Orbit Around Proxima Centauri
A terrestrial planet candidate in a temperate orbit around Proxima Centauri Guillem Anglada-Escude´1∗, Pedro J. Amado2, John Barnes3, Zaira M. Berdinas˜ 2, R. Paul Butler4, Gavin A. L. Coleman1, Ignacio de la Cueva5, Stefan Dreizler6, Michael Endl7, Benjamin Giesers6, Sandra V. Jeffers6, James S. Jenkins8, Hugh R. A. Jones9, Marcin Kiraga10, Martin Kurster¨ 11, Mar´ıa J. Lopez-Gonz´ alez´ 2, Christopher J. Marvin6, Nicolas´ Morales2, Julien Morin12, Richard P. Nelson1, Jose´ L. Ortiz2, Aviv Ofir13, Sijme-Jan Paardekooper1, Ansgar Reiners6, Eloy Rodr´ıguez2, Cristina Rodr´ıguez-Lopez´ 2, Luis F. Sarmiento6, John P. Strachan1, Yiannis Tsapras14, Mikko Tuomi9, Mathias Zechmeister6. July 13, 2016 1School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, 327 Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK 2Instituto de Astrofsica de Andaluca - CSIC, Glorieta de la Astronoma S/N, E-18008 Granada, Spain 3Department of Physical Sciences, Open University, Walton Hall, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, UK 4Carnegie Institution of Washington, Department of Terrestrial Magnetism 5241 Broad Branch Rd. NW, Washington, DC 20015, USA 5Astroimagen, Ibiza, Spain 6Institut fur¨ Astrophysik, Georg-August-Universitat¨ Gottingen¨ Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, 37077 Gottingen,¨ Germany 7The University of Texas at Austin and Department of Astronomy and McDonald Observatory 2515 Speedway, C1400, Austin, TX 78712, USA 8Departamento de Astronoma, Universidad de Chile Camino El Observatorio 1515, Las Condes, Santiago, Chile 9Centre for Astrophysics Research, Science & Technology Research Institute, University of Hert- fordshire, Hatfield AL10 9AB, UK 10Warsaw University Observatory, Aleje Ujazdowskie 4, Warszawa, Poland 11Max-Planck-Institut fur¨ Astronomie Konigstuhl¨ 17, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany 12Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier, Universit de Montpellier, Pl. -
The HARPS Search for Southern Extra-Solar Planets. XXXI. Magnetic
Astronomy & Astrophysics manuscript no. magnetic˙cycles c ESO 2011 July 28, 2011 The HARPS search for southern extra-solar planets⋆ XXXI. Magnetic activity cycles in solar-type stars: statistics and impact on precise radial velocities C. Lovis1, X. Dumusque1,2, N. C. Santos2,3,1, F. Bouchy4,5, M. Mayor1, F. Pepe1, D. Queloz1, D. S´egransan1, and S. Udry1 1 Observatoire de Gen`eve, Universit´ede Gen`eve, 51 ch. des Maillettes, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland e-mail: [email protected] 2 Centro de Astrof´ısica, Universidade do Porto, Rua das Estrelas, P4150-762 Porto, Portugal 3 Departamento de F´ısica e Astronomia, Faculdade de Ciˆencias, Universidade do Porto, Portugal 4 Institut d’Astrophysique de Paris, UMR7095 CNRS, Universit´ePierre & Marie Curie, 98bis Bd Arago, F-75014 Paris, France 5 Observatoire de Haute-Provence, CNRS/OAMP, F-04870 St. Michel l’Observatoire, France Received 26 July 2011 / Accepted ... ABSTRACT Context. Searching for extrasolar planets through radial velocity measurements relies on the stability of stellar photospheres. Several phenomena are known to affect line profiles in solar-type stars, among which stellar oscillations, granulation and magnetic activity through spots, plages and activity cycles. Aims. We aim at characterizing the statistical properties of magnetic activity cycles, and studying their impact on spectroscopic measurements such as radial velocities, line bisectors and line shapes. Methods. We use data from the HARPS high-precision planet-search sample comprising 304 FGK stars followed over about 7 ′ years. We obtain high-precision Ca II H&K chromospheric activity measurements and convert them to RHK indices using an updated ′ calibration taking into account stellar metallicity. -
Pulsating Low-Mass White Dwarfs in the Frame of New Evolutionary Sequences I
A&A 569, A106 (2014) Astronomy DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/201424352 & c ESO 2014 Astrophysics Pulsating low-mass white dwarfs in the frame of new evolutionary sequences I. Adiabatic properties A. H. Córsico1,2 andL.G.Althaus1,2 1 Grupo de Evolución Estelar y Pulsaciones. Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Paseo del Bosque s/n, 1900 La Plata, Argentina 2 IALP – CONICET, Argentina e-mail: acorsico,[email protected] Received 6 June 2014 / Accepted 31 July 2014 ABSTRACT Context. Many low-mass white dwarfs with masses M∗/ M ∼< 0.45, including the so-called extremely low-mass white dwarfs (M∗/ M ∼< 0.20−0.25), have recently been discovered in the field of our Galaxy through dedicated photometric surveys. The sub- sequent discovery of pulsations in some of them has opened the unprecedented opportunity of probing the internal structure of these ancient stars. Aims. We present a detailed adiabatic pulsational study of these stars based on full evolutionary sequences derived from binary star evolution computations. The main aim of this study is to provide a detailed theoretical basis of reference for interpreting present and future observations of variable low-mass white dwarfs. Methods. Our pulsational analysis is based on a new set of He-core white-dwarf models with masses ranging from 0.1554 to 0.4352 M derived by computing the non-conservative evolution of a binary system consisting of an initially 1 M ZAMS star and a 1.4 M neutron star. We computed adiabatic radial ( = 0) and non-radial ( = 1, 2) p and g modes to assess the dependence of the pulsational properties of these objects on stellar parameters such as the stellar mass and the effective temperature, as well as the effects of element diffusion. -
Boceto Revista Astronomica
El eclipse de Luna del 15 de abril de 2014 - fotografía por Alejandro Blain Año 86 Número 281 Mayo 2014 Asociación Argentina Amigos de la Astronomía Editorial Telescopio Remoto 4 Hace unas semanas estaba de docente con un grupo de estudiantes Artemio Luis Fava en Quiroga y sin internet cuando me llamó Inés (que había vuelto de CASLEO) para contarme la noticia: un grupo de investigadores había Tierra a la vista... 5 detectado el modo B de polarización… lo que confirmaba las predicciones Iván David Castillo de la teoría inflacionaria del Big Bang. Dicho de otro modo ¡el Big Bang está confirmado! Y por primera vez en mucho tiempo sentí que somos MAVEN - NASA 7 polvo de estrellas. María Agostina Gangemi Si bien mi exclamación no es del todo cierta (más que haberse confirmado el Big Bang, se ha ganado seguridad en el modelo y es posible Damas del cielo 11 explicar hasta más atrás en el tiempo), creo que es el hecho científico más María Marta Do Santos importante que haya ocurrido durante mi vida y agradezco a todos los que ayudaron a poder plasmarlo en esta revista. Contamos con un interesante En el CASLEO de campaña 17 artículo del Dr. Bengochea acompañado de una historieta de PHD Inés Simone Comics de los doctores Jorge Cham y Jon Kaufman (perteneciente al grupo de investigación de BICEP2). No dejen de visitar www.phdcomics. Zoología galáctica 19 com , www.caifa.com.ar ni www.facebook.com/ParalajeCientifico Mgter. Ezequiel Koile Más cerca de nosotros, en el planeta rojo, mientras el Curiosity sigue La inflación cósmica 22 caminando en la superficie (un poco rengo y reculando) se le aproximan Dr. -
(Extra)Terrestrial Intelligence Soviet Radio Astronomers, Scientific Internationalism and Outer Space Imaginary
Háskóli Íslands Hugvísindasvið Hugmynda- og vísindasaga Communication with (Extra)Terrestrial Intelligence Soviet Radio Astronomers, Scientific Internationalism and Outer Space Imaginary Ritgerð til MA-prófs í History of Ideas and Science Gabriela Radulescu Kt.: 240489-3769 Leiðbeinandi: Prof. Emeritus Einar H. Guðmundsson January 2020 Abstract In the early 1960s, the prospect of contacting extraterrestrial civilizations became a scientific concern for radio astronomers. The Soviet contributions in this field have been largely overlooked by historians so far. More particularly, little attention has been given to the international collaboration in which the Soviet Union was active in the 1960s and up until 1976 - and which came to be known as ‘Communication with Extraterrestrial Intelligence’ (CETI). This dissertation research investigates this episode of scientific internationalism in the history of the Cold War. The main question it seeks to answer is how were Soviet conceptualizations of extraterrestrial intelligence and of intelligent radio signals entangled with or informed by the ways in which scientists cooperated beyond state borders? In order to probe into this question, I have worked mostly with the following written sources: conference proceedings, scientific articles, as well as (auto)biographical accounts of the era together with some publications from the 1980s and 1990s. The record attests for a bottom-up process in which Soviet scientists were able to initiate surprising discussions considering the historical context of that time. By envisaging a communication with the Extraterrestrial Other, Soviet scientists facilitated a space for the political imagination to unfold. These findings reveal how the first real international scientific attempt to imagine the possibility of interacting with non-human intelligence beyond the limits of the Earth was articulated in the context of modern empirical science (radio astronomy). -
Cail Daley Department of Astronomy University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 1002 W
Curriculum Vitae Personal Information Cail Daley Department of Astronomy University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 1002 W. Green Street Urbana, IL 61801 U.S.A. Phone: +1 860 834 2819 Email: [email protected] Github: https://github.com/cailmdaley Education 08/2018{Present PhD, Astronomy University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 09/2014{05/2018 BA, Astronomy & Physics (Dual Major) Wesleyan University, Middletown, CT · Cumulative GPA: 3.79 · Major GPA: 3.85 Research Experience 02/2014-08/2018 Undergraduate Researcher, Wesleyan University Advisor: A. Meredith Hughes, Ph.D. · Studied debris disks at sub-mm wavelengths. Investi- gated the axisymmetry of the 49 Ceti system; lead re- duction and analysis of observations of the debris disk around AU Mic to measure its vertical structure at mm wavelengths for the first time. 6/2016-9/2017 Undergraduate Researcher, Leiden University Advisor: Catherine Walsh, Ph.D. · Modeled the kinematic structure of the circumstellar disk HD 100546. Selected for Leiden's LEAPS program from a pool of 450 applicants. 9/2014-5/2015 Observer, Wesleyan University PI: Seth Redfield, Ph.D. · Observed for White Dwarf Exoplanet Transit Survey. Cail Daley Curriculum Vitae Gained experience with solo set-up, use, and take-down of 24-inch optical telescope. Other Experience 09/2016{07/2018 Astronomy Outreach, Wesleyan University · Running and assisting various outreach events. Pre- senting astronomy topics (with demos) to both adult and child audiences, talking about majoring in astronomy with Upward Bound high school students, and giving starlab planetarium presenations at a local elementary school. 06/2014{07/2014 Head Intern, Kids College Summer Arts Camp Carnegie Hall, Lewisburg, WV · Coordinated program that draws hundreds of elemen- tary and pre-K children and offers dozens of classes. -
Target Selection for the SUNS and DEBRIS Surveys for Debris Discs in the Solar Neighbourhood
Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 000, 1–?? (2009) Printed 18 November 2009 (MN LATEX style file v2.2) Target selection for the SUNS and DEBRIS surveys for debris discs in the solar neighbourhood N. M. Phillips1, J. S. Greaves2, W. R. F. Dent3, B. C. Matthews4 W. S. Holland3, M. C. Wyatt5, B. Sibthorpe3 1Institute for Astronomy (IfA), Royal Observatory Edinburgh, Blackford Hill, Edinburgh, EH9 3HJ 2School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St. Andrews, North Haugh, St. Andrews, Fife, KY16 9SS 3UK Astronomy Technology Centre (UKATC), Royal Observatory Edinburgh, Blackford Hill, Edinburgh, EH9 3HJ 4Herzberg Institute of Astrophysics (HIA), National Research Council of Canada, Victoria, BC, Canada 5Institute of Astronomy (IoA), University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge, CB3 0HA Accepted 2009 September 2. Received 2009 July 27; in original form 2009 March 31 ABSTRACT Debris discs – analogous to the Asteroid and Kuiper-Edgeworth belts in the Solar system – have so far mostly been identified and studied in thermal emission shortward of 100 µm. The Herschel space observatory and the SCUBA-2 camera on the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope will allow efficient photometric surveying at 70 to 850 µm, which allow for the detection of cooler discs not yet discovered, and the measurement of disc masses and temperatures when combined with shorter wavelength photometry. The SCUBA-2 Unbiased Nearby Stars (SUNS) survey and the DEBRIS Herschel Open Time Key Project are complimentary legacy surveys observing samples of ∼500 nearby stellar systems. To maximise the legacy value of these surveys, great care has gone into the target selection process. This paper describes the target selection process and presents the target lists of these two surveys. -
Download Newsletter (PDF)
Professor Comet Report Late Summer 2010 Current status of the predominant comets for 2010 Comets Designation Orbital Magnitude Trend Observation Visibility (IAU(IAU(IAU-(IAU --- Status (Visual) (Lat.) Period MPC) McNaught 2009 R1 C ~9.5 Fading 30°S – 85°S Early Morning Encke 222P2PPP PPP 9.59.59.5 Fading 11101000°S°S --- 80 80°°°°SSSS EEEveningEvening Tempel 2 10P PPP 9.5 Fading 55°N - 85°S Morning Hartley 2 103P PPP 11 Brightening 65°N - 35°S All Night McNaught 2009 K5 C 11 Fading 65°N - 5°N Morning Wolf 43P PPP ~11.5 Fading Poor N/A Harrington Elongation GunGunGunnGun nnn 65P65P65P PPP 121212 Fading 30°N ––– 85 85°S°S°S°S Best Evening Wild 2 818181P81 PPP PPP 13 Fading 303030°N30 °N ––– 75 75°S°S°S°S Evening Schwassman 29P PPP ~13 Varies Conjunction N/A Wachmann Garradd 2009 P1 CCC 131313.513 .5.5.5 Bright 20°N ––– 85 85°S°S°S°S Best Morning Vales 2010 H2 CCC 11141444 Possibly 15°N ––– 5 55555°S°S°S°S Early Fading EvenEveninginginging The red designation is assigned to all comets that are of 12 th visual magnitude or brighter and are classified as the major comets . All remaining comets that are possibility at 12 th visual magnitude or fainter are given the blue designation and are classified as the minor comets! The green designation is assigned to comets to far south to be seen in the continental United States. The orange designation is for comets 12 th visual magnitude or brighter lost in the daytime glare! 1 EEEphemerEphemerphemerisis data terminoterminologylogylogy:::: Date: Month and Year using the standard Gregorian calendar.