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Metrolinx Business Case Manual Volume 2: Guidance

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Business Case Manual Volume 2: Guidance August 2021 This version of the Business Case Guidance ('The Guidance') was released in 2021. Read the Guidance, and review past business cases here: http://www.metrolinx.com/en/regionalplanning/projectevaluation/ benefitscases/benefits_case_analyses.aspx Send your comments and questions by email to: [email protected] Business Case Manual Volume 2: Guidance August 2021 Metrolinx has a mandate to The two documents are: advance an integrated multi-modal transportation network in the Greater Toronto and Hamilton Area Business Case Manual (GTHA). Strong evidence-based Volume 1: Overview decision-making is a key contributor provides a concise summary of the overall business case to the design, selection and approach used by Metrolinx to help stakeholders, decision- delivery of transport investments. makers, and the public The Metrolinx Business Case interpret business cases. Business Case Manual Guidance has been developed Volume 2: Guidance as a key component of an overall This document provides detailed information on how approach to evidence-based to lead the development of a business case and outlines the decision-making. This guidance key business areas with the provides a robust approach for expertise to support or review specific content. This document assessing the benefits, costs, and also lays out the analytical methods and parameters to impacts of a range of potential support the development transportation investments. of business case content. Two documents have been prepared to describe the purpose of business cases and how to develop consistent and comparable business cases for a range of potential transport investments. Foreword Transportation investment is a key part The Guidance will ensure information of the Government of Ontario’s plan on a transportation investment’s to strengthen the province’s prosperity strategic objectives, costs, impacts and competitive edge globally. and implementation is available and In support of these investments, Metrolinx presented in a consistent and clear has a mandate to deliver transportation manner over its lifecycle. Business cases investments that support a higher are updated as the project progresses – a quality of life, a more prosperous typical lifecycle includes idea inception, economy and a healthier environment. options analysis, optimization of a preferred option, final option definition, This document - Business Case Manual and finally a post-implementation Volume 2: Guidance (referred to as the or post-in service review. As a result, Guidance) will help to deliver on this the Guidance has the potential to mandate. It draws on procedures used generate tremendous value – a more in international jurisdictions recognized robust analysis that is more effectively for advancing high performing embedded within more decisions to transportation infrastructure and provides yield better results from the billions of a foundation for confident local, regional dollars being invested in infrastructure. and Provincial decision-making. This Guidance document is a platform for inter-departmental collaboration and a resource for improved analysis. It is a living document that will evolve with the state of transportation analysis, research and business processes and supports more efficient, evidence-based decision-making. V Business Case Manual Volume 2: Guidance Contents 1. Business Case Manual Volume 2: 5. Economic Case Guidance Overview Introduction 81 Introduction 3 Developing an Economic Case 82 The Purpose of a Business Case 6 Purpose of Economic Appraisal 82 Business Case Key Considerations for Principles and Concepts 10 Developing an Economic Case 83 The Business Case Economic Appraisal Using Development Process 16 Benefit Cost Analysis 83 Post In-Service Business Sensitivity Analysis 87 Case Considerations 21 Optimism Bias 90 Roles and Responsibilities 23 Economic Case Narrative Structure 99 Economic Case Core Content 101 2. The Case for Change Conducting Economic Analysis 102 Introduction 27 Introduction and Assumptions 102 Developing the Costs 102 Problem Statement Chapter 28 User Impacts 106 External Impacts 129 3. Investment Options Wellbeing Impacts 131 Introduction 47 Environmental Impacts 136 Developing an Productivity Impacts due to Investment Options Chapter 48 Agglomeration Economies 146 Option Development and Land Value and Development 160 the Business Case Lifecycle 49 Economic Analysis Summary 163 Option Development Guidance 52 CBA Adjustments 166 Conventional and Expanded BCA 169 4. Strategic Case Economic Case Parameter Summary 170 Introduction 69 Developing a Strategic Case 70 Conducting Strategic Analysis 71 VI Business Case Manual Volume 2: Guidance 6. Financial Case Introduction 174 Developing a Financial Case Analysis 175 Financial Case Structure 175 Financial Appraisal Techniques 175 Conducting Financial Analysis 178 Capital Costs 179 Operating and Maintenance Costs 181 Revenue Impacts 182 Labour Force Requirements 182 Funding Sources 183 Analysis Summary 183 7. Deliverability and Operations Case Introduction 188 Developing Deliverability and Operations Case 190 Conducting Deliverability and Operations Analysis 191 Project Delivery 192 Operations and Maintenance Plan 196 Procurement Plan 200 Analysis Summary 204 8. Business Case Summary Overview 207 Introduction and Executive Summary 208 Glossary 209 Acknowledgements 212 VII Business Case Manual Volume 2: Guidance Table of Acronyms BAU Business as Usual BCA Benefit Cost Analysis BCR Benefit Cost Ratio BF Build Finance BRT Bus Rapid Transit C Cost CAC Criteria Air Contaminant CAD Canadian Dollar CM Construction Management CO² Carbon Dioxide CO²e Carbon Dioxide Equivalent CPI Consumer Price Index D&O Deliverability / Operations DALYs Disability-Adjusted Life Years DBB Design-bid-build DBF Design-build finance DBFM Design-build-finance-maintain DBFOM Design-build-finance-operate-maintain GDP Gross Domestic Product GDV Gross Development Value GGH Greater Golden Horseshoe GGHM Greater Golden Horseshoe Model GHG Greenhouse Gases GTHA Greater Toronto and Hamilton Area HB Health Benefit HEAT Health Economic Assessment Tool IRR Internal Rate of Return IO Infrastructure Ontario KPI Key Performance Indicator kWh Kilowatt Hour LRT Light Rail Transit MND Mobile Network Data VIII Business Case Manual Volume 2: Guidance MPIP Major Public Infrastructure Project MTO Ministry of Transportation (Ontario) NPV Net Present Value NOx Nitrogen Oxide O&M Operations and Maintenance OD Origin Destination OECD Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development P3 Public Private Partnership PBP Pay Back Period PM Particulate Matter PVB Present Value of Benefits PVC Present Value of Costs R/C Ratio Operating Cost Recovery Ratio ROH Rule of a Half ROI Return on Investment RTP Regional Transportation Plan SCC Social Cost of Carbon SMART Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Realistic, Time-Related SO² Sulphur Dioxide TPAP Transit Project Assessment Process TTS Transportation Tomorrow Survey USRC Union Station Rail Corridor VfM Value for Money VKT Vehicle Kilometres Travelled VOC Volatile Organic Compound WEI Wider Economic Impact WHO World Health Organization IX 1 Business Case Manual Volume 2: Guidance Overview Chapter 1 : Guidance Overview How is the chapter structured? Section Content Includes a summary of document structure and Introduction information on how to use the Guidance The Purpose of a Includes an overview of what a business case is and its Business Case purpose within broader decision-making processes Business Case Principles Provides an overview of key principles, terminology, and concepts to support managers in understanding and Concepts the business case development process The Business Case Provides a summary of the business case lifecycle, Development Process including the different stages of analysis Provides a summary of roles and responsibilities Roles and Responsibilities for developing a business case 2 Business Case Manual Volume 2: Guidance Introduction A business case is a generic term for As a result, the business case should a collection of evidence assembled remain a ‘living document’ throughout in a logical and coherent way, which the investment lifecycle, receiving explains the contribution of a proposed updates as the investment advances. investment or project to organizational This ensures decisions are based on objectives. In the Metrolinx context, evidence and strengthens accountability business cases are prepared to to the public and shareholders. provide timely information on potential investments to inform decision-making How to use Business Case and support investment optimization Manual Volume 2: Guidance as the investment advances through The Guidance should be followed to planning, design, delivery and operation. develop all Metrolinx business cases. Introducing Business Case Guidance The Guidance is composed of eight chapters, which have been This Guidance explains the steps and developed to provide managers, content required to complete a Metrolinx analysts, and stakeholders with step business case for any type of investment by step instructions to complete (including: projects and policies). It each chapter of a business case. describes the approach and techniques required by project managers and analysts Each chapter should be followed and to develop a robust business case. reviewed when conducting analysis and preparing the business case Every investment is unique, and while document. For any support on this this Guidance aims to provide
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