Paper No.: 08 Biology of Module :02 Animal Association and Host-parasite interaction, Part2

Development Team

Principal Investigator: Prof. Neeta Sehgal Head, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi

Co-Principal Investigator: Prof. D.K. Singh Department of Zoology, University of Delhi

Paper Coordinator: Dr. Pawan Malhotra ICGEB, New Delhi

Content Writer: Dr. Haren Ram Chiary Kirori Mal College, University of Delhi

Content Reviewer: Prof. Rajagopal Raman Department of Zoology, University of Delhi

1

Biology of Parasitism ZOOLOGY Animal Association and Host- Parasite Interaction. Part 2

Description of Module

Subject Name ZOOLOGY

Paper Name Biology of Parasitism: Zool 008

Module Name/Title Animal Association and Host-parasite interaction.

Module Id 02: Animal Association and Host-parasite interaction. Part 2

Keywords Antibiosis, Ammensalism, Interference , Exploitation competition, Competitive Exclusion Principle, Character Displacement, and Parasitism, Host -Parasite Interaction, Disease and parasitism, Social parasitism.

Glossary:

1. Antibiosis: the inhibition of one species by another through the secretion of some chemical substances. 2. Ammensalism: a species inflicts detrimental effects to another species without any benefit or harm to itself. 3. Competition: where two or more rely on same resources for utilization in the 4. Definitive hosts: hosts in which parasites become adult and attain sexual maturity. 5. Ectoparasite: parasite that live inside the host body. 6. Endoparasite: parasite that live inside the host body. 7. Facultative parasites: parasites which are not absolutely dependent on host for its life cycle. 8. Fundamental niche of the individual is the full hypervolume that a population can fill free from the interference of another population. 9. Gause’s principle or Competitive Exclusion Principle: no two species share same . 10. Hemiparasites: obligate photosynthetic parasitizes on host . 11. Holoparasites: non photosynthetic plants obtaining nutrients, water and minerals from the host plant. 12. Hyerparasitism: a condition of parasitization on another parasite. 13. (IGP): predators killing and eating of prey with similar utilization and gain energy 14. Intraspecific competition: Competition among members of same population. 15. Interspecific competition: Competition among individuals of two different species competing for the limited resources.

2

Biology of Parasitism ZOOLOGY Animal Association and Host- Parasite Interaction. Part 2

16. Kleptoparasitism: an association where parasites steal a substantial portion of food from the host. 17. Mesoparasites: living in an intermediate position between both ectoparasite and endoparasites 18. Niches: a multidimensional hyperspace every coordinate of which can correspond to many physical and environmental variables in the life of species. 19. Obligatory parasites: that completely relies on the host for its entire life cycle or part of it. 20. Predation: behavior of one organism feeding on another 21. Parasitism: a symbiotic relationship where one benefits and one is harmed. 22. Realized niche: The conditions under which an organism actually exists.

References:

1. Chapman, J. L. and Reiss (1995). , principles and applications. Cambridge university press. 2. Krebs, C.J. (1985). Ecology. The experimental analysis of distribution and . Harper Collins Publishers. 3. Odum, E.P. (1983). Basic Ecology. Saunders College Publishing, Holt-Saunders Japan. 4. Odum, E.P. and Barrett, G.W. (2012). Fundamentals of Ecology, Fifth edition, Cengage learning. 5. Ricklefs, R.E. (2000). Ecology. G.L.Miller, W. H. Freeman and Company 6. Singh, J.S., Singh, S.P. and Gupta S. R. (2006). Ecology Environment and Resource Conservation, Anamaya publication, New Delhi 7. Smith, R.L. (1995). Ecology and Field Biology. Harper Collins Publishers. 8. Southwick, C.H. (1976). Ecology and the quality of our environment. D. Van Nostrand Company.

3

Biology of Parasitism ZOOLOGY Animal Association and Host- Parasite Interaction. Part 2