Name Description Name Description Cake 4Chan An anonymous message board and content hosting platform. Often associated 1-on-1 live video chat and streaming. This app has the option to speak with people from around the world. https://itunes.apple.com/gb/app/cake-video-chat-meet- with "Trolling". www.4chan.org new-friends/id1097494881?mt=8

Agent Chat and video calls is like most other sites and allows Call of the user to send , pictures and documents to contacts. A recent report Agent Duty: Call of Duty: Black Ops Zombies is a game where players fight against zombies in a in Cheshire highlights this site being used for uploading videos of sexual acts 50-level zombie gauntlet. Players can battle alone or in teams of up to 4. being performed by what appear to be minors. Also messages were being Black Ops http://play.mob.org/game/call_of_duty_black_ops_zombies.html exchanged in relation to possible availability of underage females. Zombies https://agent-chat-andvideo-calls.en.uptodown.com/android Popular file sharing app that lets users transfer files to different devices via wi- fi. Is available on Andriod and Apple products. Has been seen recently in Airdrop ChaCha Like Omegle, but for mobile, ChaCha enables users to random video chat with incidents whereby teens have used it to securely send self-generated indecent strangers around the world. images to each other. https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.exutech.chacha&hl=en_GB https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.airdrop.airdroid.shareit.xen der.filetransfer&hl=en_GB AMINO - COMMUNITIES, CHAT, FORUMS, AND GROUPS is an app that lets users access and contribute to communities about a range of subjects. When users Chat Amino select a community, they can view its description, community guidelines, and Avenue Advertised as the largest 'cool teen chat rooms' on the web. http://www.chat- the number of registered users in that group. There are risks as there is a chat avenue.com/teenchat.html facility and obviously would be an ideal platform for grooming to take place. https://www.aminoapps.com/ Virtual place chat website and app. A short excerpt from the official website states Ask.fm Ask.fm is a Q&A-based site (and app) that lets users take questions from their Chat Hour "Adult Chat Looking for a virtual fling? It's time to be flirty and have a sexy adult followers, and then answer them. Although Ask.fm may not be as huge as chat. All chatters must be 18 or over." However, there have been examples of or , it's one to watch. http://ask.fm/ adults using the chat rooms to exchange indecent images of children. http://www.chathour.com/account/log_in is a dating-focused social networking service. Like many other social Chat Iw Badoo network sites, users have several options to filter through interests and types to Free chat rooms that do not require users to register. Users can take part in group find someone to befriend, date or chat with. The advanced filter allows users to discussions or create private chats. pick a range of ages and distances from where they live. Badoo performs well at https://www.chatiw.uk/ finding people to connect with locally. https://badoo.com/ Chatroulette is a website which lets users to talk with people from anywhere in the Battlenet A messaging system connecting users of World of Warcraft and other content Chatroulette world. When users go onto the site, Chatroulette connects users to someone at created by Blizzard. User’s details are tied to their own individual account which random. Users can talk to people via video or text. Unknown data sharing protocol is also used to log into these games. www.battle.net at present. http://chatroulette.com/ BBM BlackBerry’s BBM is an instant messaging app. Users have a unique 4 digit PIN, Clash of Clash of Clans is a combat game where players build their own armies (clans) and which other users can use to add them as a friend. As well as instant messaging, Clans battle against other armies from around the world. Players can join forces with users can have group chats, voice calls and share voice notes and pictures. other armies or simply battle against others on usersr own. Unknown data sharing https://www.bbm.com/en/ protocol at present. https://clashofclans.com/ Bin Weevils is an online virtual world where users can play free online games, Club Bin Club Penguin is an online multiplayer game where users can explore a virtual world chat with friends, adopt a virtual pet, grow usersr own garden and watch Penguin Weevils using a cartoon penguin character and talk to other players. Unknown data sharing cartoons. Users can send messages to other players in the game. protocol at present. http://www.clubpenguin.com/ http://www.binweevils.com/ Blendr Blendr is a geosocial networking application and social discovery platform - Curse Combines instant messaging and content hosting. Made popular since the basically, a dating site - for Android, the iPhone, iPod touch, iPad, and . integration with games such as MineCraft, League of Legends, and World of It's designed to connect likeminded people within close proximity. Warcraft. www.curse.com https://blendr.com/ End to end encrypted messaging app. Not only are the messages locked away and Boom Boom Beach is a game where players free enslaved islanders and unlock secrets. Cyber Dust inaccessible even to Cyber Dust but, similar to Snaps on Snapchat, they are also Beach Users can play on their own or team up with players around the world. deleted from the users' device immediately after they have been read. https://boombeach.com/ https://www.usedust.com/ BoyAhoy DeviantArt Dating app aimed specifically at men. The app has chat and photo sharing DeviantArt is an where users can post artwork and comment on features. http://boyahoy.com/ other people’s work. http://www.deviantart.com/

Bumble is a location-based social and dating application which facilitates A Voice-Over-IP (VoIP) and messaging program popular with gamers. Clients communication between interested users. In heterosexual matches, the app Dischord Bumble connect via their own account and can post media content in addition to permits only women to start a chat with their male matches, while in same-sex communicating with other members. A server can be set up by anyone for free matches either party can message first, though all free users must reply to and is persistent after all clients have logged out. messages within 24 hours or the match disappears. www.dischordapp.com https://bumble.com/ Disqus is a worldwide blog comment hosting service for web sites and online Burn Note Burn Note is a messaging app that erases messages after a set period of time. Disqus communities that uses a networked platform. The company's platform includes Unlike many other apps of this sort, it limits itself to text messages; users various features, such as social integration, social networking, user profiles, spam cannot send pictures or video. https://burnnote.com/ and moderation tools, analytics, email notifications, and mobile commenting. https://disqus.com/ Dot429 is a professional community designed for the gay, lesbian, transgender Dot429 Dubsmash Dubsmash is an app which lets users create their own music videos dubbed with and bisexual community and those who support them. The site provides a famous sounds and quotes. Videos can be shared with friends or with people from variety of content, including updates on issues and related to the LGBTA around the world. https://www.dubsmash.com/ community. http://fourtwonine.com/ Double Double Dog is the social gaming app that lets users to send and accept dares Facebook Facebook is the most popular on the web today. Facebook’s user Dog with the chance to win real money. Friends will dare users to do harmless and base consists of more than 500 million individuals. The site offers up everything funny things, with the user sharing the video or photo of them doing said dare social networking users want, including status updates, wall posts and private with the potential to earn money from doing dares. http://doubledogapp.com/ messages. https://www.facebook.com/ is an app which allows users to communicate with their Originally titled Bang With Friends, Down is a dating app. Like , it's easy to Facebook Down friends from either their Facebook account, or their phonebook. Users can instant set up, and asks users to swipe through profiles to find matches for date or just Messenger message, create group chats, share photos and videos, record voice messages, sex. But whereas Tinder helps users find people in usersr area, this app uses have live video chats, or simply talk to their friends and family. https://en- friends from Facebook https://www.downapp.com/ gb.messenger.com/ FarmVille FarmVille is a farming simulation social network game developed by Zynga in Hornet 2009. It is similar to Happy Farm, Farm Town, and video games such as the Story Hornet is a dating app aimed at gay men. Users can chat with people from around of Seasons series. Its gameplay involves various aspects of farm management. the world. https://hornetapp.com/ Users can create avatars of characters and have private chats with fellow gamers. https://www.zynga.com/games/farmville Flickr is an image hosting and video hosting website and web services suite that was created by Ludicorp in 2004 and acquired by Yahoo on March 20, 2005. In Flickr Hot or Not is a rating site that allows users to rate the attractiveness of photos addition to being a popular website for users to share and embed personal Hot or Not submitted voluntarily by others. The site offers a matchmaking engine called 'Meet photographs, and effectively an online community, the service is widely used by Me' and an extended profile feature called "Hotlists". https://m.hotornot.com/ photo researchers and by bloggers to host images that they embed in blogs and . https://www.flickr.com/ FMyLife FMyLife is an online community where users can post a short caption about an House unfortunate incident that has happened during their day. The caption usually Party Replaced the now defunct ''. It’s an app for video chatting with friends. starts with “today…” and ends with “FML”. 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This list can be edited at any time, and users can delete places or make them private. https://huggle.com/ This is a new app with an age rating as low as 4 where young people can connect FriendLife FriendLife is a social network where users can broadcast live video, share ICQ with almost anyone. The app boast’s its ‘very friendly video chat interface’ and photos and chat with new friends and get followers. It contains a private ‘unlimited international chat rooms and channels.’ While this app claims to have a messaging feature and also enables users to earn money. It is completely free secure network and manageable privacy features it also comes with its risks. Users to download. can video call using ‘masks’ where users cannot be sure who they’re talking to, and https://friendlife.com/ also the fact anyone from anywhere in the world could use this app to connect with users nearest. https://icq.com/windows/en FurryMate is an online furry social networking and . To Instagram lets users snap, edit, and share photos and 15-second videos, either FurryMate effectively use FurryMate's features, users must subscribe to the service and Instagram publicly or with a private network of followers. It unites the most popular features pay a monthly membership fee. Non-paying users are severely limited in that of social media sites: sharing, seeing, and commenting on photos. It also lets users they may send messages yet cannot read any received messages. apply fun filters and effects to users’ photos, making them look high-quality and https://furrymate.com/ artistic. https://www.instagram.com/?hl=en InstaMessage allows users to chat privately to other people on Instagram. Users Fuzz Fuzz is a live streaming and video chat network. Users can chat with gay men for InstaMess can chat with friends, or any other Instagram users - it also tells users if there are free. https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/woof-gay-same-sex-video- age other Instagram users nearby. http://instamessage-instagram- chat/id1171295262?mt=8 chat.en.uptodown.com/android is a worldwide, profile-based dating website for gay and bisexual men, Kik is an app that lets users text for free. It's fast and has no message Gaydar women and couples over the age of 18. Although many of the individual profiles Messenger limits, character limits, or fees if users only use the basic features. Because it's an are publicly accessible on the Internet, to gain more functionality and interact app, the texts won't show up on the users phone's messaging service. with other users, a registration is required and a guest profile must be created. https://www.kik.com/ http://www.gaydar.co.uk Google is a computer programme and app that lets users video call, Kiwi Kiwi is a fast and easy way to ask friends interesting questions and find out what Hangouts phone or message other users. Users can either speak to one person at a time they think. https://kiwi.qa/ or have group conversations https://hangouts.google.com/ Google Plus is Google’s take on the social network concept. The application is intended to provide users with a number of improved social networking KK Friends aka Kik Friends. With KK Friends users can search for specific Ages, Google+ features. Users will be able to create Circles that can be used to organize their KK Friends Genders and Sexual Orientations. Users don't even need to copy / paste Kik . Circles, which are essentially social circles, allow users to separate Usernames, all users have to do is one swipe up and a new Kik Messenger friends, family and co-workers however they like. Members of one circle cannot Conversation with their new Kik Friend will open. http://kikfriendsapp.com/ view the members added to another circle on the user’s profile, creating a much needed separation of interests. https://plus.google.com/collections/featured is a geosocial networking app geared towards gay and bisexual men, designed to help such men meet other men in their area. It runs on iOS and Grindr Android. Grindr comes in both free and subscription-based versions (the latter A multifaceted text, video, and voice-messaging app that also integrates social called Grindr Xtra). The app makes use of mobile devices' geolocation which media elements such as games and group chats. https://line.me/en/ allows users to locate other men who are nearby. Tapping on a picture will display a brief profile for that user, as well as the option to chat, send pictures, and share one's location. http://www.grindr.com/ MeetMe, formerly MyYearbook, is a social media site primarily aimed towards GroupMe GroupMe is another app that doesn't charge fees or have limits for direct and MeetMe teens. It is also a dating app, allowing users to ‘secretly admire’ each other. If two group messages. Users can also send photos, videos, and calendar links. users ‘secretly admire’ each other they will be able to chat. MeetMe also has a https://groupme.com/en-GB/ virtual economy called “LunchMoney” which users can spend on virtual gifts, stickers, charitable donations and more. https://www.meetme.com/ GROWLr is an online social networking portal that facilitates offline group meetings GROWLr is a social networking and dating app targeted at Gay men. Users can Meetup in various localities around the world. Meetup allows members to find and join view profiles from around the world. Users can send and receive private groups unified by a common interest, such as politics, books, games, movies, messages, pictures, or voice memos. http://www.growlrapp.com/ health, pets, careers or hobbies. https://www.meetup.com/apps/ Guy Spy Meow Meow Chat is a social network that allows users to have chats with strangers in a Free gay dating and video chat app available on android, iPhone and windows Chat public chat room, with the option to then move into a private conversation, or to mobile. http://www.guyspy.com/find-guys/ chat with other people based on their location. https://itunes.apple.com/gb/app/meowchat/id585660589?mt=8 Habbo Hotel is a social network site where users can communicate and interact Habbo Minecraft is a game that lets users build and create a virtual world using building in a virtual hotel. Users can create their own characters, design hotel rooms, Minecraft Hotel blocks. Other activities include using the multiplayer function to explore the worlds and talk to other players. Users can also chat in the public rooms, which can be created by other users and to combat, chat and play with them. used by anyone. If users want to chat privately to someone users can create a https://minecraft.net/en-us/ guest room. https://www.habbo.com/ Hooked up has been marketed as one of the best apps on the marker for casual HookedUp Miniclip Miniclip is an online gaming website. Players can compete and play against other sexual encounters and 'hook ups' and a social meeting platform through which people. Users can instant message people and comment on the games on Miniclip. users can connect, meet and date people who have similar interests. http://www.miniclip.com/games/en/ http://hookedup.in/ Chat App that enables users to chat with millions of people nearby or around Moco the world. Join hundreds of chat rooms and forums, or start users’ own 1-1 or Peach is a mobile application-based social network. Peach gives users a very simple group chats, including free unlimited voice message. Search by age, gender, way to share posts with friends using photos, looping videos, text-based messages, location or sexual preference. links, , the weather, users’ location and more. http://peach.cool/ https://www.mocospace.com/ An app that enables users to have Facetime with random strangers. Monkey will ask users to verify themselves using their phone number, age, Snapchat Monkey name and gender – it then asks users to allow access to their contacts. Once this is done, ‘Monkey’ will try to connect users with people from across the world of Periscope is a live video streaming app for iOS and Android a similar age. Once connected both users have to ‘add time’ to continue with https://www.periscope.tv/ the FaceTime, otherwise the chat will disconnect. When FaceTime has been enabled there’s an option onscreen to add the person as a friend on Snapchat. https://monkey.cool/ Pheed is a relatively new thing that's been attracting more people to its platform Moshi Monsters is an online game where users can adopt and look after a pet on the web and mobile. Built to offer the best components of all social networks `CUF monster. Users can use usersr pet monster to make usersr way through while remaining heavy on the multimedia side of photo and video, more kids have different challenges and games. http://www.moshimonsters.com/home/ been turning to this one to connect to their friends and express themselves. https://www.pheed.com/ is a web and mobile application company that operates a photo sharing website. Registration is required for use. Users can upload, save, sort, and manage images—known as pins—and other media content (e.g., videos) through Pinterest MovieStar collections known as pinboards. 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Reddit Musical.ly Musical.ly is a performance and video sharing social network that mostly Reddit's registered community members can submit content, such as text posts or features teens lip syncing and to famous songs but also includes some original direct links. Registered users can then vote submissions up or down to organize song writing and singing. Musers, as devoted users are called, can build up a the posts and determine their position on the site's pages. The submissions with following among friends or share posts publicly. https://musical.ly/ the most positive votes appear on the front page or the top of a category. https://www.reddit.com/ My Free MyFreeCams.com (commonly abbreviated MFC) is a website providing live The Renren Network ("Everyone's Website"), formerly known as the Xiaonei Cams performances by models, typically featuring nudity and sexual activity Network is a Chinese social networking service. 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Signal is an encrypted instant messaging and voice calling application for Teenber Android and iOS. It uses the Internet to send one-to-one and group messages, Teen dating app used to meet new friends and chat. Users are allowed to search which can include images and video messages, and make one-to-one voice calls. new users between age 13 and 19 years old. Signal uses standard cellular mobile numbers as identifiers and end-to-end http://www.teenber.com/ encryption to secure all communications to other Signal users. The applications include mechanisms by which users can independently verify the identity of their messaging correspondents and the integrity of the data channel https://signal.org/ SimSimi is a popular artificial intelligence conversation program. The Simsimi app is available on multiple platforms. When a user types a message a SimSimi (short for chat robot - a computer that simulates human conversation) replies. is a free cloud-based instant messaging service. 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It allows text Skout placed in the appropriate peer group, where they can post to a feed, comment TigerText messages to be deleted from both the sender's and the receiver's phones after on others’ posts, add pictures and chat. They’ll get notifications when other expiration, which could be a set period of time or after reading. The app's users users near their geographic area join, and they can search other areas by cannot save, copy or forward the messages. TigerText does this by storing the cashing in points. They receive notifications when someone “checks” them out message on a company server, not the receiving and sending device, and deleting but must pay points to see who it is. http://www.skout.com/ when the expiration conditions are met. https://www.tigertext.com/ Tinder is a photo and messaging dating app for browsing pictures of potential Skype is a computer programme and app, which lets users make audio and Tinder matches within a certain-mile radius of the user's location. 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Tumblr is based in the US and is therefore governed by US opinion/id1022441952?mt=8 law https://www.tumblr.com/ Snapchat is a messaging app that lets users put a time limit on the pictures and Snapchat videos they send before they disappear. Most teens use the app to share goofy Twitch is a live video game website. Users can watch playbacks of games being Twitch or embarrassing photos without the risk of them going public. However, there played by other people. Users can also live stream their own games, and chat to are lots of opportunities to use it in other ways. Snapchat is an app developed in other gamers. the US and is therefore governed by US law. https://www.snapchat.com/l/en- https://www.twitch.tv/ gb/download Twitter is a social network that lets people share status updates in a short, concise Snog Snog is a teen dating site that lets users rate other people's profiles as snog, Twitter format. The application works by giving users access to an account. The user can marry or avoid. These ratings are then ranked and users are featured on a top- build up a contact list and followers, who will receive updates each time the user rated members list. Users can also send private messages. posts a new status. Businesses and others often use Twitter to keep their https://www.snog.fm/ audiences informed on new developments, changes and issues. https://twitter.com/ Steam Steam is an entertainment platform which lets users play games and create Twoo their own in-game content. Users can also chat to other members of the Dating app which can be joined through Facebook https://www.twoo.com/ community, through groups, clans, or in-game chat features. http://store.steampowered.com/mobile Streamago Ventrillo A Voice-Over-IP (VoIP) program popular with gamers. A server can be rented via Video streaming app to socialise with friends and followers through live video the website or set up privately by a user. and live selfies. http://www.streamago.com/ www.ventrilo.com

Viber SwiftChat Free chat room based app that enables users to have custom rooms, private is a computer program and app, which lets users’ text, call, share photos and messages and global chats. Users also have the ability to share and upload send video messages to people worldwide. Viber is incorporated in the Republic of photos, videos and audio clips. http://www.swiftchatapp.com/ Panama and maintain an EU office in Cyprus. https://www.viber.com/en/

YouTube is a place to watch, create and share videos. Users can create their own Vimeo YouTube account, make a music playlist, and create their own channel, which means users Vimeo is a global video-sharing website in which users can upload, share and will have a public profile, and it allows users to comment on videos and create view videoshttps://vimeo.com/ video playlists. For younger children there is a separate YouTube for Kids site, with child friendly videos. https://www.userstube.com/?gl=GB&hl=en-GB Woozworld, aimed at 10-16 year olds, allows users to design their own online realities where they can create their own avatar, do fun quests, set up new virtual , and create their own businesses. Woozworld is free to join but requires a VK is one of the largest European online social networking services, based in Woozworl parents email to verify. There is an option to become a VIP for a certain number of .com Russia. It is available in several languages, and is especially popular among d months at a cost, either credit card or online cash earned on exterior websites. Russian-speaking users. VK allows users to message each other publicly or VIPs can earn virtual "wooz" and "beex"(the virtual currency) and has access to privately, to create groups, public pages and events, share and tag images, clothing and other items restricted to freeplay members. All users have access to audio and video, and to play browser-based games. the "Woozin", a designed to appear as social media with a https://vk.com/ comment section and the ability to post and share text. They can "friend" each other, create virtual relationships, and even raise pets. http://www.woozworld.com/ Yandere Simulator is a stealth game about stalking a young man and secretly Voxer Voxer Walkie Talkie is both a live "push-to-talk" system and a voice messaging Yandere eliminating anyone who seems interested in him, while maintaining the image of system. Messages on Voxer are delivered live as they’re being recorded and Simulator an innocent student. It states that "Yandere girl" means a girl who loves a boy so then delivered as a voice message as well. The app works on Android, Windows much that she is willing to threaten, harm or kill any other girl who seems Phone and the iOS operating systems. http://www.voxer.com/ interested in him. This app is currently in the developmental stage so no chat facility as yet. https://yanderesimulator.com/ Waplog Match is the best app to meet new people around users. Users simply W-match Zello PTT Turns users phones or tablets into a walkie talkie with this lightning fast free PTT like or pass on the other people. If users both like each other, users will be Walkie (Push To Talk) radio app, which works between Android, iPhone, BlackBerry, and matched and chat in the app https://itunes.apple.com/gb/app/w-match-chat- PC. https://zello.com/app meet-new-friends/id903301766?mt=8 Talkie Waplog Zgirls A game based around fighting zombies and is aimed specifically at young girls. The Waplog is the “Fastest Growing Social Network” to meet new friends and the game also has a chat feature. “Most User Friendly Dating App”. https://waplog.com/ https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/zgirls/id1174204073?mt=8

WeChat Over half a billion people use WeChat, the free messaging & calling app that allows users to easily connect with family & friends across countries. It’s the all- Zobe Online chat rooms offering users the opportunity to chat in various different in-one communications app for free text (SMS/MMS), voice & video calls, rooms. http://www.zobe.com/ moments, photo sharing, and games. https://www.wechat.com/en/ aka Weibo is a Chinese microblogging website. Akin to a hybrid of Weibo Twitter and Facebook, it is one of the most popular sites in China, in use by well Zoosk Zoosk is an online dating service available in 25 languages and in more than 80 over 30% of Internet users, with a market penetration similar to the United countries. Zoosk has an iOS and Android app and a desktop chat client. States' Twitter. There is a realistic possibility that CSE victims of Chinese origin https://www.zoosk.com/ have Weibo accounts, therefore there are open source intelligence gathering opportunities available here. http://www.weibo.com/login.php Wishbone is a comparison app, marketed to girls, that allows users to vote or WhatsApp lets users send text messages, audio messages, videos, and photos to create polls. Wishbone users can create any type of poll, including polls that are WhatsApp one or many people with no message limits or fees. WhatsApp is owned by Wishbone not appropriate for young children. This app is popular with students, and the Facebook however, at present, has not adopted the same data sharing comment section is often used to bully other students. protocols. https://itunes.apple.com/gb/app/wishbone-compare- https://www.whatsapp.com/ anything/id836071680?mt=8 Popular free word game where users can either play on their own or challenge Whisper is a social "confessional" app that allows users to post whatever's on Words Whisper friends. It is available on Apple, Android and can be connected through a their , paired with an image. With all the emotions running through teens, with Facebook account. The game has a chat feature which enables users to anonymous outlets give them the freedom to share their feelings without fear Friends communicate with friends but users can also receive messages from random of judgment. http://whisper.sh/ strangers. https://www.zynga.com/games/words-friends World of A popular Mass-Multiplayer Online Role-Playing Game (MMORPG) in which users The Wickr instant messaging app allows users to exchange end-to-end play together to battle a variety of Dungeons and Dragons style monsters and each encrypted and content-expiring messages, including photos, videos, and file Warcraft other. Players can chat to each other using the ingame messaging service or attachments. https://www.wickr.com/ BattleNet program. www.worldofwarcraft.com Described as ‘Tinder for Teens’, the Yellow app allows users to make new Yellow friends using their Snapchat and Instagram accounts. According to media reports the app has been linked to a number of teen sexting incidents in Ireland Friends recently. http://www.yellw.co/ Yik Yak Yik Yak is a free social-networking app that lets users post brief, Twitter-like comments to the 500 geographically nearest Yik Yak users. Kids can find out opinions, secrets, rumours, and more. https://www.yikyak.com/home UsersNow: Broadcast, Chat, and Watch Live Video is an app that lets kids stream UsersNow and watch live broadcasts. As they watch, they can comment or buy gold bars to give to other users. Ultimately, the goal is to get lots of viewers, start trending, and grow their fan base. Note that there are other apps like this that are less popular with teens such as Periscope, but Facebook has just included live- streaming as a feature, so expect to see more and more personal broadcasting. https://www.usersnow.com/