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MESSIER 13 RA(2000) : 16H 41M 42S DEC(2000): +36° 27'
MESSIER 13 RA(2000) : 16h 41m 42s DEC(2000): +36° 27’ 41” BASIC INFORMATION OBJECT TYPE: Globular Cluster CONSTELLATION: Hercules BEST VIEW: Late July DISCOVERY: Edmond Halley, 1714 DISTANCE: 25,100 ly DIAMETER: 145 ly APPARENT MAGNITUDE: +5.8 APPARENT DIMENSIONS: 20’ Starry Night FOV: 1.00 Lyra FOV: 60.00 Libra MESSIER 6 (Butterfly Cluster) RA(2000) : 17Ophiuchus h 40m 20s DEC(2000): -32° 15’ 12” M6 Sagitta Serpens Cauda Vulpecula Scutum Scorpius Aquila M6 FOV: 5.00 Telrad Delphinus Norma Sagittarius Corona Australis Ara Equuleus M6 Triangulum Australe BASIC INFORMATION OBJECT TYPE: Open Cluster Telescopium CONSTELLATION: Scorpius Capricornus BEST VIEW: August DISCOVERY: Giovanni Batista Hodierna, c. 1654 DISTANCE: 1600 ly MicroscopiumDIAMETER: 12 – 25 ly Pavo APPARENT MAGNITUDE: +4.2 APPARENT DIMENSIONS: 25’ – 54’ AGE: 50 – 100 million years Telrad Indus MESSIER 7 (Ptolemy’s Cluster) RA(2000) : 17h 53m 51s DEC(2000): -34° 47’ 36” BASIC INFORMATION OBJECT TYPE: Open Cluster CONSTELLATION: Scorpius BEST VIEW: August DISCOVERY: Claudius Ptolemy, 130 A.D. DISTANCE: 900 – 1000 ly DIAMETER: 20 – 25 ly APPARENT MAGNITUDE: +3.3 APPARENT DIMENSIONS: 80’ AGE: ~220 million years FOV:Starry 1.00Night FOV: 60.00 Hercules Libra MESSIER 8 (THE LAGOON NEBULA) RA(2000) : 18h 03m 37s DEC(2000): -24° 23’ 12” Lyra M8 Ophiuchus Serpens Cauda Cygnus Scorpius Sagitta M8 FOV: 5.00 Scutum Telrad Vulpecula Aquila Ara Corona Australis Sagittarius Delphinus M8 BASIC INFORMATION Telescopium OBJECT TYPE: Star Forming Region CONSTELLATION: Sagittarius Equuleus BEST -
Messier Objects
Messier Objects From the Stocker Astroscience Center at Florida International University Miami Florida The Messier Project Main contributors: • Daniel Puentes • Steven Revesz • Bobby Martinez Charles Messier • Gabriel Salazar • Riya Gandhi • Dr. James Webb – Director, Stocker Astroscience center • All images reduced and combined using MIRA image processing software. (Mirametrics) What are Messier Objects? • Messier objects are a list of astronomical sources compiled by Charles Messier, an 18th and early 19th century astronomer. He created a list of distracting objects to avoid while comet hunting. This list now contains over 110 objects, many of which are the most famous astronomical bodies known. The list contains planetary nebula, star clusters, and other galaxies. - Bobby Martinez The Telescope The telescope used to take these images is an Astronomical Consultants and Equipment (ACE) 24- inch (0.61-meter) Ritchey-Chretien reflecting telescope. It has a focal ratio of F6.2 and is supported on a structure independent of the building that houses it. It is equipped with a Finger Lakes 1kx1k CCD camera cooled to -30o C at the Cassegrain focus. It is equipped with dual filter wheels, the first containing UBVRI scientific filters and the second RGBL color filters. Messier 1 Found 6,500 light years away in the constellation of Taurus, the Crab Nebula (known as M1) is a supernova remnant. The original supernova that formed the crab nebula was observed by Chinese, Japanese and Arab astronomers in 1054 AD as an incredibly bright “Guest star” which was visible for over twenty-two months. The supernova that produced the Crab Nebula is thought to have been an evolved star roughly ten times more massive than the Sun. -
A Basic Requirement for Studying the Heavens Is Determining Where In
Abasic requirement for studying the heavens is determining where in the sky things are. To specify sky positions, astronomers have developed several coordinate systems. Each uses a coordinate grid projected on to the celestial sphere, in analogy to the geographic coordinate system used on the surface of the Earth. The coordinate systems differ only in their choice of the fundamental plane, which divides the sky into two equal hemispheres along a great circle (the fundamental plane of the geographic system is the Earth's equator) . Each coordinate system is named for its choice of fundamental plane. The equatorial coordinate system is probably the most widely used celestial coordinate system. It is also the one most closely related to the geographic coordinate system, because they use the same fun damental plane and the same poles. The projection of the Earth's equator onto the celestial sphere is called the celestial equator. Similarly, projecting the geographic poles on to the celest ial sphere defines the north and south celestial poles. However, there is an important difference between the equatorial and geographic coordinate systems: the geographic system is fixed to the Earth; it rotates as the Earth does . The equatorial system is fixed to the stars, so it appears to rotate across the sky with the stars, but of course it's really the Earth rotating under the fixed sky. The latitudinal (latitude-like) angle of the equatorial system is called declination (Dec for short) . It measures the angle of an object above or below the celestial equator. The longitud inal angle is called the right ascension (RA for short). -
Governs the Making of Photocopies Or Other Reproductions of Copyrighted Materials
Warning Concerning Copyright Restrictions The Copyright Law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code) governs the making of photocopies or other reproductions of copyrighted materials. Under certain conditions specified in the law, libraries and archives are authorized to furnish a photocopy or other reproduction. One of these specified conditions is that the photocopy or reproduction is not to be used for any purpose other than private study, scholarship, or research. If electronic transmission of reserve material is used for purposes in excess of what constitutes "fair use," that user may be liable for copyright infringement. University of Nevada, Reno A Photometric Survey and Analysis of the M29 and M52 Open Star Clusters at the University of Nevada, Reno A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Science in Physics by Matthew N. Tooth Dr. Melodi Rodrigue, Ph.D., Thesis Advisor December, 2012 UNIVERSITY OF NEVADA THE HONORS PROGRAM RENO We recommend that the thesis prepared under our supervision by Matthew N. Tooth entitled A Photometric Survey and Analysis of the M29 and M52 Open Star Clusters at the University of Nevada, Reno be accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Science, Physics ______________________________________________ Melodi Rodrigue, Ph.D., Thesis Advisor ______________________________________________ David Bennum, Ph.D., Thesis Reader ______________________________________________ Tamara Valentine, Ph.D., Director, Honors Program December, 2012 ! i! Abstract One of the many tools at an astronomer’s disposal is photometry. By measuring the magnitudes of stars in star clusters in various wavelength filters we can obtain data that can provide important pieces of information about groups of stars. -
Astrophotography a Beginner’S Guide
Astrophotography A Beginner’s Guide By James Seaman Copyright © James Seaman 2018 Contents Astrophotography ................................................................................................................................... 5 Equipment ........................................................................................................................................... 6 DSLR Cameras ..................................................................................................................................... 7 Sensors ............................................................................................................................................ 7 Focal Length .................................................................................................................................... 8 Exposure .......................................................................................................................................... 9 Aperture ........................................................................................................................................ 10 ISO ................................................................................................................................................. 11 White Balance ............................................................................................................................... 12 File Formats .................................................................................................................................. -
MESSIER 15 RA(2000) : 21H 29M 58S DEC(2000): +12° 10'
MESSIER 15 RA(2000) : 21h 29m 58s DEC(2000): +12° 10’ 01” BASIC INFORMATION OBJECT TYPE: Globular Cluster CONSTELLATION: Pegasus BEST VIEW: Late October DISCOVERY: Jean-Dominique Maraldi, 1746 DISTANCE: 33,600 ly DIAMETER: 175 ly APPARENT MAGNITUDE: +6.2 APPARENT DIMENSIONS: 18’ FOV:Starry 1.00Night FOV: 60.00 Vulpecula Sagitta Pegasus NGC 7009 (THE SATURN NEBULA) Delphinus NGC 7009 RA(2000) : 21h 04m 10.8s DEC(2000): -11° 21’ 48.6” Equuleus Pisces Aquila NGC 7009 FOV: 5.00 Aquarius Telrad Capricornus Sagittarius Cetus Piscis Austrinus NGC 7009 Microscopium BASIC INFORMATION OBJECT TYPE: Planetary Nebula CONSTELLATION: Aquarius Sculptor BEST VIEW: Early November DISCOVERY: William Herschel, 1782 DISTANCE: 2000 - 4000 ly DIAMETER: 0.4 - 0.8 ly Grus APPARENT MAGNITUDE: +8.0 APPARENT DIMENSIONS: 41” x 35” Telescopium Telrad Indus NGC 7662 (THE BLUE SNOWBALL) RA(2000) : 23h 25m 53.6s DEC(2000): +42° 32’ 06” BASIC INFORMATION OBJECT TYPE: Planetary Nebula CONSTELLATION: Andromeda BEST VIEW: Late November DISCOVERY: William Herschel, 1784 DISTANCE: 1800 – 6400 ly DIAMETER: 0.3 – 1.1 ly APPARENT MAGNITUDE: +8.6 APPARENT DIMENSIONS: 37” MESSIER 52 RA(2000) : 23h 24m 48s DEC(2000): +61° 35’ 36” BASIC INFORMATION OBJECT TYPE: Open Cluster CONSTELLATION: Cassiopeia BEST VIEW: December DISCOVERY: Charles Messier, 1774 DISTANCE: ~5000 ly DIAMETER: 19 ly APPARENT MAGNITUDE: +7.3 APPARENT DIMENSIONS: 13’ AGE: 50 million years FOV:Starry 1.00Night FOV: 60.00 Auriga Cepheus Andromeda MESSIER 31 (THE ANDROMEDA GALAXY) M 31 RA(2000) : 00h 42m 44.3Cassiopeias DEC(2000): +41° 16’ 07.5” Perseus Lacerta AndromedaM 31 FOV: 5.00 Telrad Triangulum Taurus Orion Aries Andromeda M 31 Pegasus Pisces BASIC INFORMATION OBJECT TYPE: Galaxy CONSTELLATION: Andromeda Telrad BEST VIEW: December DISCOVERY: Abd al-Rahman al-Sufi, 964 Eridanus CetusDISTANCE: 2.5 million ly DIAMETER: ~250,000 ly* APPARENT MAGNITUDE: +3.4 APPARENT DIMENSIONS: 178’ x 63’ (3° x 1°) *This value represents the total diameter of the disk, based on multi-wavelength measurements. -
OCTOBER 2012 OCTOBER 2012 OT H E D Ebn V E R S E R V E R
THE DENVER OBSERVER OCTOBER 2012 OCTOBER 2012 OT h e D eBn v e r S E R V E R ASTRONOMY DAY ALERT! Calendar DIVERSE NEIGHBORS 8.............................. Last quarter moon Discovered in 1787 by William Hershel, the Bubble Nebula, (NGC 7635 or Caldwell 11) is an H II region emis- 15........................................ New moon sion nebula in the constellation Cassiopeia, about 7 to 10 thousand light-years from Earth. The nebula is in a huge molecular cloud which contains the expansion of the bubble as it is formed by a hot,10-40 solar mass 21........................... First quarter moon star. This widefield image also shows the dense open cluster Messier 52. Taken with a modified Canon 450D 29........................................ Full moon through an AT8IN 8-inch, f/4 Newtonian. 21 RGB exposures totalling 107 minutes. Image © Darrell Dodge Inside the Observer OCTOBER SKIES by Dennis Cochran Canadian told me that Venus and Regulus (Leo’s Above Fomalhaut and a bit to the right lies the Helix President’s Corner.......................... 2 A alpha star), will collide on the 3rd of this month. Nebula, the largest appearing exploded star in our sky. At Actually, they’ll get really close together but Venus 1/2 degree in diameter, it’s the size of the full moon, but Society Directory............................ 2 will not occult Regulus, nor vice-versa. At least I hope it’s rather faint, even in larger scopes. The gorgeous Schedule of Events.......................... 2 not, because the star is rather farther away than the Hubble photos of it are full of intriguing detail. -
The Messier Catalog
The Messier Catalog Messier 1 Messier 2 Messier 3 Messier 4 Messier 5 Crab Nebula globular cluster globular cluster globular cluster globular cluster Messier 6 Messier 7 Messier 8 Messier 9 Messier 10 open cluster open cluster Lagoon Nebula globular cluster globular cluster Butterfly Cluster Ptolemy's Cluster Messier 11 Messier 12 Messier 13 Messier 14 Messier 15 Wild Duck Cluster globular cluster Hercules glob luster globular cluster globular cluster Messier 16 Messier 17 Messier 18 Messier 19 Messier 20 Eagle Nebula The Omega, Swan, open cluster globular cluster Trifid Nebula or Horseshoe Nebula Messier 21 Messier 22 Messier 23 Messier 24 Messier 25 open cluster globular cluster open cluster Milky Way Patch open cluster Messier 26 Messier 27 Messier 28 Messier 29 Messier 30 open cluster Dumbbell Nebula globular cluster open cluster globular cluster Messier 31 Messier 32 Messier 33 Messier 34 Messier 35 Andromeda dwarf Andromeda Galaxy Triangulum Galaxy open cluster open cluster elliptical galaxy Messier 36 Messier 37 Messier 38 Messier 39 Messier 40 open cluster open cluster open cluster open cluster double star Winecke 4 Messier 41 Messier 42/43 Messier 44 Messier 45 Messier 46 open cluster Orion Nebula Praesepe Pleiades open cluster Beehive Cluster Suburu Messier 47 Messier 48 Messier 49 Messier 50 Messier 51 open cluster open cluster elliptical galaxy open cluster Whirlpool Galaxy Messier 52 Messier 53 Messier 54 Messier 55 Messier 56 open cluster globular cluster globular cluster globular cluster globular cluster Messier 57 Messier -
Telescopes, Digital Technology and Computer Driven Data Reduction Has All but Nullified the Amateur’S Ability to Still Contribute to Such Discoveries and Data
Volume 75 Nos 11 & 12 December 2016 In this issue: DST AWARD FOR SALT KBO OCCULTATION PRIVATE OBSERVATORIES IN SOUTH AFRICA COLLOQUIA AND SEMINARS SKY DELIGHTS EDITORIAL Mr Case Rijsdijk (Editor, MNASSA ) BOARD Mr Auke Slotegraaf (Editor, Sky Guide Africa South ) Mr Christian Hettlage (Webmaster) Mr James Smith (Web Manager) Prof M.W. Feast (Member, University of Cape Town) Prof B. Warner (Member, University of Cape Town) MNASSA Mr Case Rijs dijk (Editor, MNASSA ) PRODUCTION Dr Ian Glass (Assistant Editor) Vacant (Book Review Editor) Willie Koorts (Consultant) EDITORIAL MNASSA, PO Box 9, Observatory 7935, South Africa ADDRESSES Email: [email protected] Web Manager: [email protected] MNASSA Download Page: www.mnassa.org.za SUBSCRIPTIONS MNASSA is available for free download on the Internet ADVERTISING Advertisements may be placed in MNASSA at the following rates per insertion: full page R400, half page R200, quarter page R100. Small advertisements R2 per word. Enquiries should be sent to the editor at [email protected] CONTRIBUTIONS MNASSA mainly serves the Southern African astronomical community. Articles may be submitted by members of this community or by those with strong connections. Else they should deal with matters of direct interest to the community . MNASSA is published on the first day of every second month and articles are due one month before the publication date. RECOGNITION Articles from MNASSA appear in the NASA/ADS data system. Cover picture: Anthony Barry Jones, ASSA stalwart, who died 23 November 2016. A full obituary will appear in the next edition of MNASSA. mnassa Vol 75 Nos 11 & 12 December 2016 Editorial There was a time when enthusiastic, passionate and dedicated amateur astronomers, with modest, often ‘home-made’, equipment could contribute to ‘real’ astronomy through the discovery of Comets, Novae, SNe, work for the Minor Planet Centre, MPC and contribute to the American Association of Variable Star Observers, AAVSO. -
Charles Messier (1730-1817) Was an Observational Astronomer Working
Charles Messier (1730-1817) was an observational Catalogue (NGC) which was being compiled at the same astronomer working from Paris in the eighteenth century. time as Messier's observations but using much larger tele He discovered between 15 and 21 comets and observed scopes, probably explains its modern popularity. It is a many more. During his observations he encountered neb challenging but achievable task for most amateur astron ulous objects that were not comets. Some of these objects omers to observe all the Messier objects. At «star parties" were his own discoveries, while others had been known and within astronomy clubs, going for the maximum before. In 1774 he published a list of 45 of these nebulous number of Messier objects observed is a popular competi objects. His purpose in publishing the list was so that tion. Indeed at some times of the year it is just about poss other comet-hunters should not confuse the nebulae with ible to observe most of them in a single night. comets. Over the following decades he published supple Messier observed from Paris and therefore the most ments which increased the number of objects in his cata southerly object in his list is M7 in Scorpius with a decli logue to 103 though objects M101 and M102 were in fact nation of -35°. He also missed several objects from his list the same. Later other astronomers added a replacement such as h and X Per and the Hyades which most observers for M102 and objects 104 to 110. It is now thought proba would feel should have been included. -
Newsletter Archive the Skyscraper December 2015
the vol. 42 no. 12 Skyscraper December 2015 AMATEUR ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF RHODE ISLAND 47 PEEPTOAD ROAD NORTH SCITUATE, RHODE ISLAND 02857 WWW.THESKYSCRAPERS.ORG In This Issue: Friday, December 4, 7:00pm 2 Skyscraper Meetings at Seagrave Memorial Observatory 2015-2016 Searching for the Oldest Stars by Anna Frebel 4 A Gem of a Meteor Shower and Maybe a Take a walk on a moonless night. Watch author offers an intriguing account of the Naked-eye Comet the Milky Way above, made from a myriad latest research results paired with a unique of stars. Did you know that some of them insight look into the life as an astronomer. have been shining for more than 13 billion Having discovered several of the oldest and 6 Open Cluster in Cassiopeia years? These are the oldest, still surviving, most primitive stars using the world’s larg- Messier 52 objects in our 13.8 billion years old universe. est telescopes she tells fascinating discovery “Stellar archaeology” identifies these ex- stories that allow the audience to witness 7 A Look Inside Venus tremely rare relics. Analysis of their chem- what it means to be a scientist in this day ical composition shows that they contain and age. Spectacular video clips about ob- 8 Star Party & only trace amounts of heavy elements (e.g. serving with the 6.5m optical Magellan Workshops Update calcium, iron) because these stars formed at telescopes in the Atacama desert in Chile a time when little of these elements existed. will be shown. This offers the extraordinary opportunity Anna Frebel is Assistant Professor of 10 The Sun, Moon & to use local Milky Way stars for exploring Physics at the Massachusetts Institute of Planets in December the earliest times in the universe. -
December 2020
The Newsletter of Westchester Amateur Astronomers December 2020 An eyepiece view of the Double Cluster by Steve Bellavia. SERVING THE ASTRONOMY COMMUNITY SINCE 1986 1 Westchester Amateur Astronomers SkyWAAtch December 2020 WAA December 2020 Meeting WAA January 2021 Meeting Friday, December 4th at 7:30 pm Friday, January 15th at 7:30 pm On-line via Zoom On-line via Zoom Intensity Mapping of the Large Scale Microquasars Structure of Matter Diana Hannikainen, Ph.D. Paul O’Connor, Ph.D. Observing Editor Sky & Telescope Brookhaven National Laboratory Call: 1-877-456-5778 (toll free) for announcements, Paul O’Connor is Senior Scientist at Brookhaven's weather cancellations, or questions. Also, don’t for- Instrumentation Division. He was a member of the get to visit the WAA website. team that built the CCD camera for the Large Synop- tic Survey Telescope (now the Vera Rubin Telescope) Starway to Heaven in Chile, the largest digital camera in the world. He is Ward Pound Ridge Reservation, currently working on designing radio telescope in- Cross River, NY strumentation for improved mapping of the 21-cm HI (neutral hydrogen) line, with the goal of creating a 3- Our next club star party will be in March 2021. Mem- dimensional map of the matter density of the uni- bers are invited to view at Ward Pound Ridge verse. This will be key to understanding the formation Reservation on clear nights, provided they notify the and evolution of galaxies and the behavior of the park in advance and bring their ID cards. cosmic web. New Members Pre-lecture socializing with fellow WAA members and guests begins at 7:00 pm! Uziel Crescenzi Bronx Rodrigo Morales Hartsdale WAA Members: Contribute to the Newsletter! Francesca Varga Pleasantville Send articles, photos, or observations to Carlos Vegerano Bronx [email protected] Renewing Members SkyWAAtch © Westchester Amateur Astronomers, Inc.