Working on a Beef Cattle Station (Part 1) FACILITATOR GUIDE

Working on a Beef Cattle Station (Part 1) - Facilitator Guide WELL 2012

Working on a Beef Cattle Station (Part 1)

FACILITATOR GUIDE (Including Practical Checklists and Transcripts)

Interactive video resource to assist in training Certificate II in Agriculture

Working on a Beef Cattle Station (Part 1) - Facilitator Guide WELL 2012

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Development of this resource has been funded under the Workplace English Language and Literacy (WELL) Program by the Australian Government Department of Education, Employment and Workplace Relations (DEEWR).

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ISBN: 978-0-9873632-0-6

This project was undertaken by LitCom Training Service. Further information on these materials can be obtained by contacting: Di Wilson (WELL Project Manager) Phone: 0403 535 952 Email: [email protected] Web: www.litcomtraining.com

ORDERS: Although the full resource is available online at www.litcomtraining.com for free, the 2-disk resource pack may be ordered online at a cost recovery fee from the LitCom Training Service website.

Working on a Beef Cattle Station (Part 1) - Facilitator Guide WELL 2012

ACKOWLEDGEMENTS: Special thanks go to Kimberley Training Institute WA, Pastoral area staff, for consultation, guidance and participation in the development, filming, trials and evaluation of this resource. Special thanks also go to these Cattle Stations that contributed to the production of this resource: Meda Station Myroodah Station Ruby Plains Station Burks Park Trialling and evaluation of the resource was also conducted by: Coastal and Rural Training, WA Central Outback Training, QLD Australian Agricultural Company (AACO), QLD North Australian Pastoral Company (NAPCO), QLD Agriculture and Rural Operations, Charles Darwin University, Katherine, NT

Video scenes directed by Russell Brown Video scenes produced by Mintox Media www.mintoxmedia.com.au

Working on a Beef Cattle Station (Part 1) - Facilitator Guide WELL 2012

Contents

INTRODUCTION...... 6

Contents of Resource 6

Availability of Resource 6

How to Use the Resource 7

OUTLINE OF VIDEO CLIPS & E-LEARNING MODULES ...... 8 MODULE 1 Working Safely at a Beef Cattle Station 9 MODULE 2 Handling Cattle in the Yard 10 MODULE 3 Mustering and Moving Cattle 11 MODULE 4 Fencing at a Beef Cattle Station 12

MAPPING OF MODULES AGAINST UNITS OF COMPETENCY ...... 14

E-QUIZZES & ANSWERS ...... 25

e-QUIZ 1 25

e-QUIZ 2 27

e-QUIZ 3 30

e-QUIZ 4 33

PRACTICAL CHECKLISTS ...... 35 Practical CHECKLIST 1: Safety 36 Practical CHECKLIST 2: Handling Cattle 37 Practical CHECKLIST 3: Mustering 38 LOGBOOK - Mustering and Moving Cattle 39 Practice CHECKLIST 4: Fencing 40

TRANSCRIPTS AND GLOSSARY ...... 42 MODULE 1: Working Safely at a Beef Cattle Station 43 MODULE 2: Handling Cattle in the Yard 45 MODULE 3: Muster & Move Cattle 53 MODULE 4: Fencing 57

Glossary 61

Working on a Beef Cattle Station (Part 1) - Facilitator Guide WELL 2012

Introduction This resource has been developed to facilitate blended learning in selected units of Certificate II in Agriculture. The resource uses plain English (except where workplace jargon is required) particularly targeting trainees who may experience some difficulty due to different cultural backgrounds and/or challenging English language and/or literacy levels.

Contents of Resource This e-learning training resource consists of the following: 1. Twenty-two short video clips published on the LitCom Training Service website, for use in face-to-face or facilitated training. (Also available on DVD)

2. Four self-paced interactive e-learning modules with audio explanations, images, animated text, glossary and embedded copies of the video clips for independent self-paced learning. Each module ends in a quiz for reinforcement of essential knowledge. (Also available on DVD)

3. Customisable Documents:  This Facilitator Guide giving an overview of the topics and content covered including: how to use the resource outline of the video clips and e-learning modules mapping of the resources to relevant units of competency showing where performance criteria and essential skills and knowledge are supported by the resource copies of quiz questions (with answers) from the interactive e-learning modules

 Checklists for learners for tasks of a practical nature that need to be learned and demonstrated at work to ensure effective blended learning.

 Transcripts of the video clips with a Glossary exercise at the end.

Availability of Resource The Interactive E-learning Modules are available online at www.litcomtraining.com

a) for use by learners online where the internet is accessible b) to download in a folder, if internet is not accessible, for use on a PC (directly from hard drive or burned onto a DVD) c) to download in a ZIP folder to publish in a Learning Management System (eg Moodle)

Also available online are electronic versions of the customisable documents as well as the separate video clips that have been embedded in the presentations.

If the internet is not accessible for downloads, a 2-disk resource pack may be ordered online at a cost recovery fee from LitCom Training Service.

Working on a Beef Cattle Station (Part 1) - Facilitator Guide WELL 2012

How to Use the Resource This resource has NOT been designed to be used as a stand-alone resource and needs to be used together with the Practical CHECKLISTS provided to support learning and encourage face-to-face discussion and on-job mentoring and assessment.

Note that Adobe Flash Player is required to play the Modules. The Introduction in the MENU of the Modules provides instructions for the learner about how to use the resource. Quizzes There is a quiz at the end of each model. The quizzes do not adequately provide assessment for the nominated units of competency, but primarily serve to: (a) reinforce knowledge of information provided in the presentation (b) familiarise the learners with workplace-specific language and terminology (c) familiarise the learners with interactivity in self-directed e-learning and use of the computer mouse to select responses. On completion of each quiz, learners may choose to print their results (if connected to a printer) for proof of completion. Transcripts Transcripts of the narrative of the presentations and the embedded video clips are in the Transcripts (Notes) tab beside the Outline tab on the left of each screen of each Module. Transcripts of just the video clips are also provided in a Word document in the Attachments.

NOTE: This resource has been produced in North Western Australia and so some practices are unavoidably specific to the area. Where practices differ in another state, or are not deemed best practice in your enterprise, it is recommended that those differences be identified and discussed as a learning strategy.

Working on a Beef Cattle Station (Part 1) - Facilitator Guide WELL 2012

Outline of Video Clips & E-learning Modules

This resource, Working on a Beef Cattle Station, currently consists of four modules: MODULE 1: Working Safely at a Beef Cattle Station (approx. 22mins) MODULE 2: Handling Cattle in the Yard (approx. 32mins) MODULE 3: Mustering and Moving Cattle (approx. 31mins) MODULE 4: Fencing at a Beef Cattle Station (approx. 24mins)

These modules support learning in the following units of competency in the AHC20110 Certificate II in Agriculture Training Package: AHCOHS201A Participate in OHS processes AHCWRK209A Participate in environmentally sustainable work practices AHCLSK205A Handle livestock using basic techniques AHCLSK210A Muster and move livestock AHCINF202A Install, maintain and repair fencing

(Video clips only total approx. 40mins)

INTRODUCTION

 Outline DVD  How to use the resource

 Introduction to presenters

VIDEO CLIPS: 1.1 Locking yard gates 2.7 Pressure points 1.2 Jumping the fence 2.8 Low-stress handling 1.3 Leading a horse 3.1 Vehicle checks 1.4 Hind legs 3.2 Riding positions 1.5 Mounting a horse 3.3 Mothering up 2.1 Yard preparation 3.4 Counting cattle 2.2 Cleaning water troughs 4.1 Fencing parts 2.3 Marking 4.2 Types of wire 2.4 Branding 4.3 Fencing tools 2.5 Drafting 4.4 Knots 2.6 Closing yard gates 4.5 Straining

The video clips are on DVD1 for use by facilitators in face-to-face training. For self-directed learning, the clips are are embedded in the eLearning modules on DVD2. DRAFT eLearning modules are also online: MODULE 1: www.litcomtraining.com/safety/safety.html MODULE 2: www.litcomtraining.com/handling/handling.html MODULE 3: www.litcomtraining.com/mustering/mustering.html MODULE 4: www.litcomtraining.com/fencing/fencing.html

Warning: The video clips contain images that some viewers may find distressing.

Working on a Beef Cattle Station (Part 1) - Facilitator Guide WELL 2012

MODULE 1 Working Safely at a Beef Cattle Station eLearning draft ONLINE: www.litcomtraining.com/safety/safety.html

DVD

Video clips (Total 4:00 mins) Mins Content

A demonstration of the safe way of locking a gate with its 1:02 1.1 chain to prevent dangerous movement of the closed gate.

How people can get hurt when chased by a cow and what to 0:58 1.2 do to be safe.

What can happen if you don’t hold a horse properly when 1.3 1:22 leading him through a gate and a demonstration of how you should do it.

A demonstration of safety precautions needed when lifting a 0:41 1.4 horse’s hind leg.

1.5 0:38 A demonstration of the safe way to mount a horse.

Working on a Beef Cattle Station (Part 1) - Facilitator Guide WELL 2012

MODULE 2 Handling Cattle in the Yard eLearning draft ONLINE: www.litcomtraining.com/handling/handling.html

DVD

Video clips (Total 16:35 mins) Mins Content

2.1 2:50 Wayne tells us what to check before putting cattle in a yard.

2.2 1:38 Don demonstrates cleaning a water trough.

Danny explains some basics about marking cattle: electronic 2.3 1:44 tag applicators, HGP applicators and markers, branding equipment, ear marking pliers, dehorning knives

2.4 2:28 Danny explains some basics about how to safely brand a calf.

Wayne explains about the different lines of cattle to know 1:29 2.5 when drafting.

Wayne explains the dangers of not shutting a gate in the yard 1:16 2.6 properly.

Chris demonstrates where you need to apply pressure to 1:28 2.7 move a cow in different directions.

Jamie explains about and demonstrates low stress handling 3:42 2.8 of cattle in the yard.

Working on a Beef Cattle Station (Part 1) - Facilitator Guide WELL 2012

MODULE 3 Mustering and Moving Cattle eLearning draft ONLINE: www.litcomtraining.com/mustering/mustering.html

DVD

Video clips (Total 7:20 mins) Mins Content

Don gives some important advice about what to check before 3.1 4:42 taking a vehicle out on a muster.

3.2 1:14 Wayne explains about riding positions during a muster.

Wayne explains why allowing time for mothering up is 3.3 0:48 important.

Wayne has a few words about the importance of counting 0:36 3.4 cattle.

Working on a Beef Cattle Station (Part 1) - Facilitator Guide WELL 2012

MODULE 4 Fencing at a Beef Cattle Station eLearning draft ONLINE: www.litcomtraining.com/fencing/fencing.html

DVD

Video clips (Total 9:02 mins) Mins Content

Wayne explains about the different parts of a fence generally 4.1 2:06 found on cattle station fences in north-western Australia.

4.2 1:36 Wayne explains about different types of fencing wire.

Wayne shows some of the tools needed for putting up a 4.3 1:22 fence.

Wayne demonstrates how to do a figure eight and a double 4.4 1:57 loop knot for fencing.

Wayne explains while Jamie demonstrates how to strain a 4.5 2:01 fencing wire.

Working on a Beef Cattle Station (Part 1) - Facilitator Guide WELL 2012

Mapping of Modules against Units of Competency The resources are mapped in the following tables to show where they support five of the Certificate II in Agriculture units of competency.

UNIT: AHCOHS201A Participate in OHS processes (was RTC 2701A) KEY: OSH Environ Com This unit covers the process of following enterprise Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) policies and procedures and defines the standard required to: recognise and report Module 1: Working Safely hazards in the workplace; follow workplace safety procedures and directions; adjust, use, clean and store personal protective equipment (PPE) according to safe work at a Beef Cattle Station procedures and manufacturer directions; carry out basic safety checks on equipment before use; identify and handle hazardous substances according to workplace procedures; complete manual handling tasks using recommended techniques; and follow emergency procedures and warning signs. Content Activities EL Performance criteria Video Pres QUIZ Prac

1.1 Hazards in the workplace are recognised and reported to designated personnel according to enterprise procedures.   o

1.2 Assessment of risk associated with identified hazards is made according to enterprise procedures.   o

1.3 Workplace procedures and work instructions for controlling risks are followed accurately.   o 1.4 Workplace procedures for dealing with accidents, fire and emergencies are followed whenever necessary within the scope

control o

of responsibilities and competencies.   isk r 1.5 Risks to fellow workers, other people and animals are recognised, and action taken to eliminate/reduce them    1.6 Employee responsibilities prescribed in OHS legislation are recognised and carried out.  1. Hazard identification and and identification Hazard 1.    1.7 Safety training is undertaken as directed.   o

2.1 Work for which PPE is required is identified, used, maintained and stored according to enterprise procedures.    2.2 Safety checks on all machinery and equipment are undertaken before operation according to enterprise procedures.   o 2.3 Hazards associated with handling of hazardous substances are identified and reported, and risk assessed according to  enterprise procedures and OHS requirements.   2.4 Noise hazards are identified and notified, and risk assessed according to enterprise procedures and OHS reqs.     work operations work 2.5 Manual handling job risks are assessed prior to activity and work carried out according to currently recommended safe  practices.    2. Observe safe practices during during safepractices Observe 2. 2.6 Information on OHS is accessed as required.   o

3.1 Individuals have input into ongoing monitoring and reporting on all aspects of workplace safety.   o

3.2 OHS issues are raised with designated personnel according to enterprise procedures and relevant OHS legislation.   o 3.3 Contributions to participative arrangements in the workplace are made within organisational procedures and scope of o

responsibilities and competencies.  

maintenance in workplace OSH OSH workplace in 3.4 Contributions are provided towards the development of effective solutions to control the level of risk associated with 3. Team participation Team 3. o enterprise activities.  

Working on a Beef Cattle Station (Part 1) - Facilitator Guide WELL 2012

EVIDENCE GUIDE (Critical aspects for assessment and evidence required to demonstrate competency in this unit)

Video Pres QUIZ Prac

• recognise and report hazards in the workplace    o

• follow workplace safety procedures and directions   o

• adjust, use, clean and store PPE according to safe work procedures and manufacturer directions    o

• carry out basic safety checks on equipment before use   o

• identify and handle hazardous substances according to workplace procedures   o

• complete manual handling tasks using recommended technique    o

• follow emergency procedures and warning signs.   o Skills to demonstrate    follow workplace procedures for hazard identification and risk control observe safety during work operations    o read safety warning signs  o participate in arrangements for maintaining health and safety of all people in the workplace   recognise caution or hazard signs and symbols   o interpret tasks or information from labels, manuals or written instructions   o record information accurately or verbally report information   o use oral communication skills/language competence to fulfil the job role as specified by the organisation, including questioning, active listening, asking for clarification and seeking advice from supervisor  use numeracy skills to estimate, calculate and record routine workplace measures  o use interpersonal skills to relate to people from a range of social, cultural and ethnic backgrounds and with a range of physical and mental

abilities.  Essential Knowledge 

employee and employer responsibilities under the OHS Act  

enterprise procedures relating to hazards, fires, emergencies, accidents and risk control  o

OHS signs and symbols relevant to area of work.  o

Working on a Beef Cattle Station (Part 1) - Facilitator Guide WELL 2012

KEY: OSH Environ Com UNIT: AHCLSK205A Handle livestock using basic techniques (was RTE 2118A) Module 2: This unit covers the functions required to move, draft and control livestock using basic methods and procedures in an agricultural enterprise and defines the standard required to: prepare handling areas, gates and access routes for livestock movement; monitor and anticipate livestock behaviour; identify and draft livestock for handling Handling Cattle in the Yard operations; move and control livestock and minimise undue stress and risk to livestock and handlers. Content Activities

EL Performance criteria Video Pres QUIZ Prac 1.1 Livestock handling areas, gates and access routes are identified, prepared and maintained according to enterprise Q2   o requirements. Q8 1.2 Livestock are located and identified for handling according to supervisor's instructions.   o

1.3 Behavioural characteristics of livestock are observed, anticipated and appropriate handling methods selected.   Q21-26 o livestock 1.4 Handling equipment is selected, checked for soundness and prepared for use according to manufacturer's specifications and  o

supervisor's instructions. 1. Prepare for handling for Prepare 1. 1.5 Hazards in the workplace are recognised and safety concerns reported.  o

2.1 Suitable PPE is selected, used and maintained according to OHS requirements.  o 2.2 Procedures to control, draft and sort livestock are conducted with due care according to OHS and animal welfare

  o requirements. 2.3 Restraint procedures are carried out safely and with minimum stress and discomfort to livestock according to OHS and animal  o welfare requirements. 2.4 Livestock behaviour is continually monitored and anticipated during moving and drafting processes to ensure wellbeing of   o

livestock and safety of handlers. 2. Handle livestock Handle 2. 2.5 Livestock count is conducted and recorded according to enterprise requirements.  Q27-28 o

2.6 Environmental implications associated with livestock production are recognised and reported to the supervisor.  Q17 o 3.1 Livestock handling operations are completed as instructed, and gates and access routes prepared for livestock departure  o according to enterprise requirements. 3.2 Handling areas and equipment are cleaned and maintained and surplus materials stored according to OHS and enterprise

 o requirements. 3.3 Handling area maintenance requirements and equipment faults or malfunctions are detailed and reported according to  o

enterprise requirements. procedure

3.4 Livestock residues and waste are disposed of according to OHS and enterprise environmental practices.   o 3. Complete handling handling Complete 3. 3.5 Relevant information is recorded and reported according to enterprise requirements.  Q27-28 o

Working on a Beef Cattle Station (Part 1) - Facilitator Guide WELL 2012

EVIDENCE GUIDE (Critical aspects for assessment and evidence required to demonstrate competency in this unit)   

• prepare handling areas, gates and access routes for livestock movement   Q2 o

• monitor and anticipate livestock behaviour   Q21-26 o

• identify and draft livestock for handling operations   Q8 o

• move and control livestock  o

• minimise undue stress and risk to livestock and handlers.  o

Skills to demonstrate 

prepare handling areas, gates and access routes for livestock movement   Q2 o

monitor and anticipate livestock behaviour   Q21-26 o

identify and draft livestock for handling operations   Q8 o

move and control livestock  o

minimise undue stress and risk to livestock and handlers  o

assess and calculate livestock numbers   Q27-28 o

control environmental impacts associated with livestock production  o

Essential Knowledge

livestock breeds and basic nutritional and welfare requirements o

livestock behavioural characteristics and movement in handling areas   Q21-26 o

components and functions of handling equipment o

handling techniques and restraint methods  Q21-26 o

enterprise livestock identification systems  Q3 o

environmental codes of practice with regard to livestock production

Working on a Beef Cattle Station (Part 1) - Facilitator Guide WELL 2012

UNIT: AHCLSK210A Muster and move livestock (was RTE 2115A) KEY: OSH Environ Com

Module 3: This unit covers the process of working as part of a team to muster and move livestock and defines the standard required to: implement directions for mustering; monitor and Muster and move cattle anticipate livestock behaviour; muster and move livestock along prepared routes in a calm and controlled manner; monitor welfare of mustered stock. Content Activities

EL Performance criteria Video Pres QUIZ Prac 1.1 Mustering requirements are identified and confirmed.

 o

1.2 Transport requirements are arranged and checked and confirmed for operation. 3.1  o

muster 1.3 Additional information relevant to livestock movements is identified and accessed.  o 1. Prepare for for Prepare 1. 1.4 Potential and existing hazards to health and safety are identified and safety concerns reported to the supervisor.  o 2.1 Suitable PPE is selected, used and maintained according to OHS requirements.

  o

2.2 Livestock identified in the muster plan are located and aggregated in preparation for movement.   o

muster 2. Carry out out Carry 2. 2.3 Muster processes are conducted according to enterprise requirements. 3.2  o

3.1 Livestock movement is conducted with minimal stress to livestock and without damage to person, property or environment.

  o

3.2 Livestock welfare is monitored and maintained during movement with adequate provision of rest, water and feeding points.   o 3. Move Move 3. livestock 3.3 3.3 Livestock are confined and pastured at destination, counted and recorded according to enterprise requirements.

3.4   o

EVIDENCE GUIDE (Critical aspects for assessment and evidence required to demonstrate competency in this unit)  

• implement directions for mustering  o

• monitor and anticipate livestock behaviour   o

• muster and move livestock along prepared routes in a calm and controlled manner  o

• monitor welfare of mustered stock  o Skills to demonstrate   check yards before starting to muster 2.2  o read and interpret muster plans and maps and implement directions for mustering  o arrange transport requirements according to muster plan o prepare equipment and working dogs (when used) for handling livestock o identify hazards and follow safe work procedures  o monitor and anticipate livestock behaviour and handle livestock safely and humanely  o © Commonwealth of Australia 2012 18

Working on a Beef Cattle Station (Part 1) - Facilitator Guide WELL 2012

Video Pres QUIZ 3 Prac muster and move livestock along prepared routes with minimal stress to livestock and adequate provision of rest, water and

feeding points  o monitor welfare of mustered stock and recognise abnormalities  Q6 o calculate livestock numbers and assess and calculate feed and water requirements 3.4  o monitor and minimise impacts to the environment  o communicate effectively with the muster team  o Essential Knowledge  appropriate PPE   mustering and movement methods and techniques  livestock basic health and nutritional requirements  livestock herding/flocking behaviour  environmental codes of practice with regard to livestock production  relevant OHS and animal welfare legislative requirements  environmental impacts and procedures for mustering and moving livestock  regulatory controls with regard to handling livestock on public roads 

Working on a Beef Cattle Station (Part 1) - Facilitator Guide WELL 2012

UNIT: AHCINF202A Install, Maintain and Repair Fencing (was RTC 2209A) KEY: OSH Environ Com Module 4: This unit covers the process of installing, maintaining and repairing fencing and defines the standard required to: Select the appropriate materials and tools; erect fence; install gates and components; assess the fencing site for environmental impacts of the fence; undertake repairs, record Fencing on a Cattle Station work activities and clean up the fencing site; remove and dispose of, or recycle waste. Content Activities EL Performance criteria Video Pres QUIZ Prac 1.1. Appropriate tools and materials are selected in accordance with task requirements, manufacturer's guidelines and fence design    

1.2. Faulty or unsafe tools are identified and put aside for repair or replacement    work 1.3. Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) hazards are identified and safety concerns reported to the supervisor   

1. Prepare for fencing fencing for Prepare 1. 1.4. Transport of fencing materials, tools and equipment to worksite is arranged    2.1. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) is used and maintained according to procedures   

2.2. Posts and stays are installed and secured in accordance with industry practice   

2.3. Wire is strung and tensioned in accordance with manufacturer's guidelines and industry practice    installation

2.4. Wire netting or other fencing materials are attached in accordance with manufacturer's guidelines and industry practice    2. Undertake fence fence Undertake 2. 2.5. Gates are positioned and attached and checked for correct operation    3.1. Faults or structural damage are identified and necessary repairs are carried out in accordance with industry practice and

manufacturer's guidelines   

3.2. Dismantling operations are carried out recovering re-useable materials    fencing 3.3. Further maintenance or repair works are identified and reported   

3. Maintain and repair repair and Maintain 3. 3.4. Used fencing material is packed for reuse or disposed of according to enterprise procedures   

4.1. Work area is cleared and tidied and all non re-useable materials are disposed of in an environmentally responsible manner   

4.2. Tools, personal protective equipment and re-useable materials are cleaned and stored    4. Complete Complete 4. fencing work fencing 4.3. Work activities are recorded in accordance with industry practice   

Working on a Beef Cattle Station (Part 1) - Facilitator Guide WELL 2012

EVIDENCE GUIDE (Critical aspects for assessment and evidence required to demonstrate competency in this unit) Video Pres QUIZ Prac

• select the appropriate materials and tools   

• erect fence, install gates and components   

• assess the fencing site for environmental impacts of the fence   

• undertake repairs   

• record work activities   

• clean up the fencing site and remove and dispose of, or recycle, waste.    Skills to demonstrate identify hazards and follow safe work practices position fencing materials and tools for efficient use use fencing hand tools and powered machinery safely and in accordance with manufacturer's guidelines install fence posts, and stays, gates and components tension fencing wire and netting in accordance with manufacturers guidelines   string, strain and tie off wires safely and efficiently     repair fencing  clean up the fencing site and remove and dispose of, or recycle waste.  record work activities  use numeracy skills to estimate, calculate and record routine workplace measures  work and communicate effectively as a team member  Essential Knowledge  common hazards involved in fencing installation, maintenance and repair   OHS and environmental legislation, codes of practice and enterprise procedures   designs and purpose of a range of conventional fencing   uses and types of fencing tools and equipment   wire types, knots, tensions applications and limitations   fencing materials manufacturers specifications and guidelines 

Working on a Beef Cattle Station (Part 1) - Facilitator Guide WELL 2012

KEY: OSH Environ Com UNIT: AHCWRK209A Participate in environmentally sustainable work practices (was xxx)

This unit covers efficient resource use; potential environmental hazards; regulatory compliance; improving environmental performance (within the scope of competency, Across Modules authority and own level of responsibility). It addresses the knowledge, processes and techniques necessary to participate in environmentally sustainable work practices. Content Activities EL Performance criteria Video Pres QUIZ Prac

1.1 Identify workplace environmental and resource efficiency issues.    o

1.2 Identify resources used in own work role.   o

1.3 Measure and document current usage of resources using appropriate techniques.   o

resource use resource 1.4 Record and file documentation measuring current usage, using technology (such as software systems) where

1.Identify current current 1.Identify    o applicable.

1.5. Identify and report workplace environmental hazards to appropriate personnel.   o

2.1. Follow workplace procedures to ensure compliance.    o

regulations 2.2. Report breaches or potential breaches to appropriate personnel.    o

environmental environmental

2. Comply with with Comply 2.

3.1 Follow organisational plans to improve environmental practices and resource efficiency.    o

3.2 Work as part of a team, where relevant, to identify possible areas for improvements to work practices in own work   o

area.

resource resource

efficiency to improve improve to

3.3 Make suggestions for improvements to workplace practices in own work area.    

3. Seek opportunities opportunities Seek 3.

EVIDENCE GUIDE (Critical aspects for assessment and evidence required to demonstrate competency in this unit)   

• access, interpret and comply with a range of environment/sustainability legislation and procedural requirements    relevant to daily responsibilities

• accurately follow organisational information to participate in and support an improved resource efficiency process and    reporting as required

• develop and/or use tools such as inspection checklists, to collect and measure relevant information on organisation   o

resource consumption, within work role

• identify organisational improvements by applying efficient resource use to daily activities    o

• knowledge of environmental and resource hazards/risks.    

Working on a Beef Cattle Station (Part 1) - Facilitator Guide WELL 2012

Skills to demonstrate Video Pres QUIZ Prac analytical skills to comply with all relevant legislation associated with job specifications and procedures communication and problem-solving skills to question, seek clarification and make suggestions relating to work

requirements and efficiency communication and teamwork skills to recognise procedures; to follow instructions; to respond to change, such as current workplace environmental/sustainability frameworks; and to support team work and participation in a sustainable organisation literacy, numeracy and technology skills to interpret workplace information in relation to work role, and to document

and measure resource use  technology skills to select and use technology appropriate for a task   knowledge of environmental and resource hazards/risks.    Essential Knowledge  

environmental and resource hazards/risks  

environmental or sustainability legislation, regulations and codes of practice applicable to own work role  

OHS issues and requirements  

organisational structure, and reporting channels and procedures   o

relevant environmental and resource efficiency systems and procedures  

sustainability in the workplace   terms and conditions of employment including policies and procedures, such as daily tasks, employee and employer

rights, equal opportunity.  

Working on a Beef Cattle Station (Part 1) - Facilitator Guide WELL 2012

e-Quizzes & Answers e-QUIZ 1

MODULE 1 Working Safely at a Beef Cattle Station

DVD

(This quiz is on the last slide of the Module 1 eLearning presentation)

Introduction slide

1. Employers have a duty of care to ensure that employees are properly trained for the jobs that they do. TRUE or FALSE 2. It is each employee’s duty of care to report unsafe situations and injuries to their supervisor. TRUE or FALSE 3. Don't ask for help if everyone is very busy. It makes it difficult to get the work done. TRUE or FALSE It’s your duty of care to ask for help if you don’t know how to do something otherwise you may be at risk of injury. 4. One of the main causes of accidental deaths on farms in Australia is: tractors and quad-bikes barbed wire fences chemical sprays

5. The meaning of PPE is: Personal Privacy Enquiry Personal Protective Equipment Private Person’s Entry

6. Which of the following can reduce the risk of injury or death when riding an agricultural bike: wearing a hard hat or helmet checking your bike before riding it driving on paved or bitumen surfaces all of the above 7. Which statement is NOT correct? switch off electrical appliances at the power point before you pull out the plug disconnect broken appliances until fixed and don’t use frayed cords or broken power points connect many appliances to the same power point keep electrical cords off the floor to reduce the risk of damage turn off the power when maintaining electric fences 8. A hazardous substance can be any substance, liquid, solid, dust or gas that may cause you harm. TRUE or FALSE

9. A MSDS is a: Management Safety Design Strategy Maintenance Safety Development Sign Material Safety Data Sheet

Working on a Beef Cattle Station (Part 1) - Facilitator Guide WELL 2012

10. You can use empty food or drinking containers to store chemicals. TRUE or FALSE

11. To lift a heavy load safely you must bend over keeping your legs straight. TRUE or FALSE You must bend your knees and keep your back as straight as possible.

12. A safe level of noise is 85 decibels. TRUE or FALSE A safe average level of noise is only 75 decibels

13 If your ears have been damaged by high noise levels from power tools and machinery, you will notice it as soon as it happens. TRUE or FALSE It might seem like there is nothing wrong with your hearing but the damage is done over a number of years without you noticing it 14. Zoonoses are diseases that can spread from animals to people. TRUE or FALSE Zoonoses are diseases that can spread from animals to people through contact with blood, saliva and urine 15. You need to hold a horse up short when going through a gate with it. TRUE or FALSE If you don’t hold the reins in correctly, if the horse gets a fright, it’ll jump and kick out and you can get hurt. 16. The main thing with getting onto a horse is to always have the rein closest to you a little bit tighter than the one furthest from you. TRUE or FALSE With the close rein tight, if the horse jumps forward, you can just pull the horse around with that tighter rein. 17. Which statement is NOT correct? For heat stress you need to drink cool, not cold water With heat stroke you sweat a lot With heat stroke you STOP sweating and have a high temperature Heat stress hazards can occur through high temperatures

18. Which of these is NOT a way to reduce the risk of skin cancer? wearing a wide brim hat and sunnies wearing a white tee shirt as it does not absorb much heat applying SPF30+ sunscreen after exposure to sunlight as well as on overcast days working in shaded areas in the high-risk hours between 11am and 3pm

19. Noise levels from noisy machinery can be reduced. Choose ONE answer from the methods below: enclosing the machinery in a sound absorbing box keeping noisy machinery in good order so it operates efficiently isolating it from employees not involved in its operation all of the above

20. If your vehicle should break down while you’re working alone, you must stay with the vehicle. TRUE or FALSE

See also Practical Checklist 1_Safety for practical on-job activities to complete.

Working on a Beef Cattle Station (Part 1) - Facilitator Guide WELL 2012

e-QUIZ 2

MODULE 2 Handling Cattle in the Yard

DVD

(This quiz is on the last slide of the Module 2 eLearning presentation)

Prepare for handling cattle (Question Group 1)

1 Introduction side

2 Drag what you need to do when preparing the yard for each of the following: Yard, pens, troughs and equipment keep clean and in good repair Gates and access routes keep clear of anything in the way that may cause injury Contaminants and toxic waste remove according to station rules Dust settle with water as needed 3 Match the word with the equipment shown in each picture for specific cattle marking jobs: (drop-down menu for each image) a) Dehorner b) Tag applicator c) Ear marker d) Branding equipment 4 Match the word with the cattle restraint equipment shown in each picture: (drop-down menu for each image) a) cattle crush b) calf cradle 5 Match the word with the equipment for controlling the movement of cattle through the yard shown in the pictures: (drop-down menu for each image) a) loading ramp b) gate c) pen d) race 6 Which of these is NOT a cattle handling procedure? Drag your choice to the empty box (Word bank) marking weighing condition scoring dehorning pregnancy checking lactating 7 You need to watch out for weed seeds in animal manure. True or False Yes. Weed seeds in animal manure can become an environmental problem.

Working on a Beef Cattle Station (Part 1) - Facilitator Guide WELL 2012

Identify and draft (Question Group 2) 8 Match the lines of cattle with the explanations: fat cow pregnant female heifer young cow under 3 years old that has not yet had a calf spayed heifer a young cow that has had ovaries removed and cannot have a calf weaner a calf up to one year old no longer suckling from its mother sale steer castrated male ready to be sold mickey wild, young, unmarked bull

9 A weaner can be a male or a female calf True or False 10- Click on this animal’s ----- 15 flank rump hind legs testicles barrel shoulder 16 Write the missing in the box below: If a calf seems sick, check its nose for dryness and its ears for a higher than normal body temperature.

Safety (Question Group 3) 17 Noxious weeds can be carried in fodder and in cattle dung TRUE or FALSE 18 Leptospirosis and Q Fever are cattle diseases which can be carried through contact with blood on equipment such as dehorners and vaccination needles. TRUE or FALSE Yes. Leptospirosis and Q Fever are transmitted through contact with blood as well as saliva and urine. 19 You need to have your mobile phone with you in the yard when working with cattle. TRUE or FALSE Yes. Don’t take your mobile phone or ipod to the yard- it can be a hazard if it distracts you or upsets cattle. 20 When working in the yards with livestock you should watch for your own health and safety: a) Make sure you have enough sleep b) Eat healthy foods at the right time c) Drink plenty of water, but don’t drink water from water troughs d) No drugs and alcohol e) Dress correctly for safety and temperature and avoid jewellery where possible f) Be aware of what’s going on around you at all times g) All of the above

Move and control cattle (Question Group 4) In the yards we don’t always need to watch the ‘body language’ of the cattle. 21 TRUE or FALSE We must always watch the ‘body language’ of the cattle because, if they become frightened, they will try to escape. Cattle can feel threatened by: A handler standing too close Sudden movements 22 Loud noises Jamming the cattle too tightly Keeping an animal alone in a yard All of the above You need to stand in front of cattle to show them where to go. 23 TRUE or FALSE Yes. Standing in front of them will distress the cattle and they will try to run away. There are a number of things that make cattle stop or baulk. Which of the following will NOT cause an animal to baulk: dead ends in a race 24 humans or dogs in the way flapping clothes or sacking moving into bright light, sun or shadows

Working on a Beef Cattle Station (Part 1) - Facilitator Guide WELL 2012

certain smells, such as blood on the ground from dehorning or castrating the movement of other cattle

25 Being hungry can make cattle flighty. TRUE or FALSE 26 Low stress stock handling is basically just walking cattle very quietly in a steady manner with an understanding of the psychology of the animal. TRUE or FALSE 27 When working with cattle, needs to be reported? There is only ONE answer • cattle numbers • details of cattle treatments • weight and condition scoring • any abnormalities that you have seen • all of the above 28 You can report in writing and also verbally to your supervisor. TRUE or FALSE

See also Practical Checklist 2_Handling for practical on-job activities to complete.

Working on a Beef Cattle Station (Part 1) - Facilitator Guide WELL 2012

e-QUIZ 3

MODULE 3 Mustering and Moving Cattle

DVD

(This quiz is on the last slide of the Module 3 eLearning presentation)

Preparation for muster (Question Group 1) 1 QUIZ Introduction To become a good stockman, you need to pay special attention to three things when working with cattle. For each sentence below, click on the menu and choose the correct word:

2 To limit physical and mental stress on the animals To give animals time to do the right thing Constant improvement Mustering of cattle in Northern Australia is usually with horses, motorbikes, helicopters and coacher mustering but never a combination of these techniques. True/False 3 Mustering of cattle can be done with horses, motorbikes, helicopters, coacher mustering and maybe some techniques together. What must you check before putting stock in a yard. Choose ONE answer: water supply that there is nothing to hurt livestock or man 4 that all gates are working for anything lying on ground that all rails are secure all of the above Click on the three things in the list below which might impact on the environment during a muster: Dust 5 Erosion Spread of weeds/disease Weather Here is a list of signs of abnormality or sickness that you need to watch out for in cattle before mustering. But ONE observation below is NOT abnormal. Find it and drag it into the empty box. unusual walk lameness 6 cut or sores runny nose dry nose sore eye wet coat Cattle Behaviour (Question Group 2) Flight zone(hotspot) 7 Click on the blind spot area where an animal can become agitated because it cannot see you.

If the animal is on its own, away from the safety of the herd, the animal’s flight zone may be bigger 8 True/False

Working on a Beef Cattle Station (Part 1) - Facilitator Guide WELL 2012

Hotspot questions: There are three directions from which to move an animal – in the DRIFT, PUSH OVER 9 and PUSH FORWARD sections. a) Now click on the drift section outside the flight zone, where you need to walk or ride to keep the animal moving forward in the same direction. b) Click on the push over area of the animal’s flight zone that you need to work to turn the animal 10 away from you c) Click on the push forward area of the animal’s flight zone that you need to work to push the animal 11 forward Read the statements below that explain some instincts of cattle. Click on the drop-down menu to choose the missing word for each statement.  Cattle want to move in the direction they are facing. 12  Herding animals usually want to follow each other.  They want to see what is pressuring them.  They want pressure to be released. Mustering (Question Group 3) Click on the best mob shape when walking cattle. 13

Mob makeup: a) Click on the lead section of this mob of cattle. 14- b) Click on the wing section of this herd of cattle. 16 c) Click on the tail section of this mob of cattle.

Riding positions: a) Click on the horseman in the tail point riding position where we work to keep the main bulk of the mob in place. b) Click on the horseman in the lead riding position where the head stockman or leading hand generally works with the stronger animals to 17- lead the mob. 21 c) Click on the horseman in the tail riding position of this mob of cattle where we work with the slower animals, and stragglers to keep the mob going. d) Click on the horseman in the wing riding position where we work to prevent any cattle from the bulk of the mob from spreading out too far e) Click on the horseman in the lead point position where we work to keep the lead straight. Which of these statements is NOT true when holding cattle: When slowing or holding cattle horsemen need to move to and with the lead animal until settled. 22 Tail riders must apply pressure. Yes. This is not true - tail riders must NOT apply pressure when holding cattle. Once settled, horsemen must spread evenly around the mob. Mustering (Question Group 4) Extra pressure may need to be on the tail of a mob of cows and calves, if cows think their calf is still back 23 where the mob started from. True/False Yes, pressure is needed on the tail if some cows are trying to turn back to find their calf. You should you chase calves and weaners when they break. True/False 24 They don’t understand how to take pressure which will upset them. They will generally come back if left alone. You should you stay on your horse at all times when holding cattle. True/False 25 Although a mob may be quiet, they may spook and take flight. Particularly with flighty cattle and when big cleanskins are in the mob When holding the mob, you all need to keep evenly spread out. True/False 26 Don’t move up to the bloke next to you to talk. This only creates more work for others as the cattle may see a big open space to escape. You can change positions with someone else if you feel like it. True/False 27 You must always go back to your position.

Working on a Beef Cattle Station (Part 1) - Facilitator Guide WELL 2012

When a beast breaks from the mob you should take it forward or block it. True/False 28 If you chase and “throw” the beast, it is a lot of trouble to stop a (large) mob, turn it round and go back to pick up your animal. If cattle need to be brought in, only one horseman is needed True/False 29 No, you need two horsemen to make their way quietly around the cattle and to work them back into the mob. Don’t let the slow animals slow the mob down. True/False 30 The speed of the herd must be that of the slowest beast. When moving cattle through gates and into the yard or paddock you should apply a lot of pressure to the 31 cattle to get them going. True/False Many a mob has been lost at the yard gate because of too much pressure applied to the animals. Drag the correct word to each of the following explanations: Horsemen chasing an animal from both sides “chinamans lane” or “laning” 32 Quiet cattle often used to lead wilder ones “coaches” Holding the mob until calves and their mothers have found “mother up” each other

Mustering Safety (Question Group5) It’s easy to get lost during a muster where there are not many landmarks. 33 True/False Always watch where you are going. If you become lost/disoriented while mustering you should get off your horse to look around True/False 34 No. If your horse pulls away, you could be in worse trouble. If you stay on the horse, it knows the way home better than you and may take you there. If you find a fence line or road, don’t stop. It’s better to keep going. 35 True/False No, It's better to STAY there - we are sure to come along in time. What must you remember if you are required to work close to a helicopter? Always be aware of where the helicopter is 36 Be aware your horse may shy Don’t ride in behind the helicopter All of the above What do you need to watch for to prevent your horse from falling in a muster? logs & ant beds 37 rocks and holes branches of trees all of the above End of the muster (Question Group 6) Click on the four main things that need to be done at the end of a muster: Watering Mothering up 38 Holding cattle till settled Counting and reporting Checking fuel of vehicles Why do we need to hold cows & calves until settled and mothered up? Click on the TWO correct answers: Cows may jog back from where you have just come from looking for their calf. 39 Cows may walk off and leave their calf. Calves are very tired It’s important to record total stock numbers accurately on arrival to make sure that no cattle have been left 40 behind during the muster. True/False

See also Practical Checklist 3_Mustering for practical on-job activities to complete.

Working on a Beef Cattle Station (Part 1) - Facilitator Guide WELL 2012

e-QUIZ 4

MODULE 4 Fencing at a Beef Cattle Station

(This quiz is on the last slide of the Module 4 eLearning presentation)

Question Group 1 1 Intro slide 2 Choose the three main reasons why we use fencing (Multiple choice) • Keep the animals comfortable • Keep animals separate of different age, sex, breed etc. • Control disease and parasites • Help manage cattle during branding, weaning etc. • Protect the land by allowing balanced grazing of paddocks to prevent spoiling or degradation of the land 3 Here are the main items you would need to protect yourself from injury when doing a fencing job. In the drop down menu click on the correct item: (Drop down menu) to protect your head from the sun hat to protect you from getting cuts or scratches on your hands gloves to protect your feet from injury from dropping a post or piece of equipment work boots to protect your eyes from the sun and any injuries sunnies to prevent cuts and scratches on your legs jeans 4 Click below on the four pressure points where fences need to be extra strong: Watering holes Gates Corners Loading ramps Yards Roads 5 What must you do about broken or faulty tools? *do not use them *report to boss *if repairable fix them All of the above Question Group 2 6 Drag the correct labels to the different parts of a fence Strainer (or end post) Stay Picket Dropper End assembly 7 The strainers (or end posts) only need to go 1 foot in the ground when you use concrete. True/False False. The strainers (or end posts) need to go a good 3 foot (about a metre) in the ground, with concrete, to ensure that the fence is strong. 8 Cows like to walk fence lines and this can cause soil erosion. True/False Question Group 3

Working on a Beef Cattle Station (Part 1) - Facilitator Guide WELL 2012

9- Here are 8 TOOLS you would need to start a new fence. 16 Q: Click on the …… below: strainers pliers crow bar shovel axe big hammer post driver (dolly) posthole digger

17- Here are 8 MATERIALS you would need to start a new fence. 24 Q: Click on the ………. below: pickets end posts (strainers) droppers wire ties pipe for rails cement sand and gravel water

Question Group 4 25 High tensile barbed wire is strong, but may snap when it gets hot True/False

26 The thickest wire gauge is: 12 14 8 27 When straining wire on a hot day, you must apply less tension. True/False True. If you apply too much tension, the wire may snap when the temperature becomes colder 28 The double-loop knot is stronger than the figure-eight knot

True/False False. The double-loop knot is easy to tie, but it is also quite a weak knot. 29 Here are steps to install a new fence. Drag the steps into the correct order: 1. Clear the fence line. A bulldozer may be needed for this. 2. Level the fence line off 3. Dig holes for posts/strainer posts 4. Install end assemblies, stays and in-line strainers 5. Put in pickets using the dolly to drive them in 6. Hang and strain the wire with a strainer. You need to string, strain and tie off wires safely and efficiently 7. Put in droppers 30 Q: What will you do with the off-cuts and left over material when the fence is finished?

See also Practical Checklist 4_Fencing for practical on-job activities to complete.

Working on a Beef Cattle Station (Part 1) - Facilitator Guide WELL 2012

PRACTICAL CHECKLISTS

The eLearning modules need to be used together with the following Practical CHECKLISTS to support an adequate blend of learning that encourages face-to-face discussion and on-job mentoring.

The four CHECKLISTS cover performance criteria and essential skills that need to be learned and assessed on the job under supervision: CHECKLIST 1: Safety CHECKLIST 2: Handling Cattle CHECKLIST 3: Mustering CHECKLIST 4: Fencing

The learner needs to have their supervisor date and initial after he/she has completed each section in the Checklist.

The Checklist needs to be signed on completion to confirm that the learner has done everything according to their workplace requirements.

Working on a Beef Cattle Station (Part 1) - Facilitator Guide WELL 2012

Practical CHECKLIST 1: Safety Name: ______

Date: ______Location: ______

Ask your supervisor to write the date and his/her initials after you complete each section in the Checklist. Then ask them to sign at the end to confirm that you have done everything according to your workplace requirements.

Tick  the  Yes or  No boxes to show what you have discussed with your supervisor about working Date & safely at the station. (Write N/A (Not Applicable) if you did not need to do any of the listed procedures) Initials 1 Can read the safety warning signs at work.  Yes  No

2 Can interpret tasks or information from labels, manuals or written instructions.  Yes  No

3 Can write or verbally report information as required.  Yes  No

4 Can estimate and count cattle as needed  Yes  No

5 Can record cattle numbers and other routine data as needed  Yes  No

Show what you have done to your supervisor’s satisfaction at your workplace: 6 Attended required safety training at the station.  Yes  No 7 Demonstrated duty of care while working at the station and have followed   workplace safety procedures and directions as required. Yes No 8 Adjusted, used, cleaned and stored PPE appropriately.  Yes  No

9 Carried out basic safety checks on station equipment before use.  Yes  No

10 Recognised and reported hazards at work.  Yes  No

11 Manually handles heavy loads safely.  Yes  No

12 Identified and handled hazardous substances according to workplace procedures  Yes  No

13 Explained what the procedures are in the event of a fire  Yes  No Attached a copy of the emergency evacuation procedure and explained who 14 would give the instruction to evacuate and the location you would evacuate to.  Yes  No 15 Named the first aid officers and identified the location of first aid kits  Yes  No Identified the types of any fire fighting equipment and who is to use them in the 16  Yes  No event of a fire. 17 Contributed to working out improved practices that minimise risk at work.  Yes  No

Signed off at work by supervisor:

Name: …………………………………………………… Signature: ……………………………………… Date: ………………

Working on a Beef Cattle Station (Part 1) - Facilitator Guide WELL 2012

Practical CHECKLIST 2: Handling Cattle Name: ______

Date: ______Location: ______

Write the information and tick  the  Yes or  No boxes to show what you discussed with your supervisor Date and did to PREPARE for handling cattle. & Initials (Write N/A (Not Applicable) if you did not need to do any of the listed procedures) 1 Discussed with supervisor what you had to do as part of the team.  Yes  No 2 Checked what to do in case of bad weather or emergency  Yes  No 3 Demonstrated an understanding of yard map and the cattle moving plan.  Yes  No 4 Helped to check machinery, tools and equipment needed for the day.  Yes  No Identified handling areas, gates and access routes and helped to prepare the yard 5  Yes  No for handling 6 Reported any faulty equipment  Yes  No

Checked vehicle/s and recorded all of the following:  Yes  No 7 Cooling system  Battery  Tyres  Fuel  Air filters  Starting system  Oil  Leads  Safety guards  Filters  Wheels  

8 Identified cattle to be moved  Yes  No 9 Checked for any abnormalities in cattle to be moved  Yes  No Identified possible hazards while handling cattle in the yard and discussed safe 10  Yes  No handling procedures Show what you did when you were part of the team handling the cattle in the yard

11 Wore correct personal protective equipment (PPE)  Yes  No Understood and followed instructions and worked well as part of the handling 12  Yes  No team 13 Used handling and restraint equipment safely and with minimum force  Yes  No 14 Allowed time for cattle to do required movement  Yes  No 15 Thought about and reduced any risks to yourself and animals during handling  Yes  No 16 Carefully watched ‘body language’ of cattle  Yes  No Used positive and calming techniques when handling animals to ensure their 17  Yes  No safety and wellbeing 18 Assisted to check and clean handling areas and dispose of waste as required  Yes  No Reported and helped to reduce any environmental risks  Yes  No 19 Dust  Hazardous substances  Disposal of waste  20 Assisted to check, clean and store handling equipment  Yes  No 21 Reported any damage or faulty equipment  Yes  No Helped to report the following as required:  Yes  No 22 Cattle numbers  Weight and condition scoring  Details of treatments  Any observed abnormalities 

Signed off at work by supervisor:

Name: …………………………………………………… Signature: ……………………………………… Date: ………………

Working on a Beef Cattle Station (Part 1) - Facilitator Guide WELL 2012

Practical CHECKLIST 3: Mustering Name: ______

Date: ______Location: ______

Write the information and tick  the  Yes or  No boxes to show what you discussed with your supervisor Date to PREPARE for mustering and moving cattle. & (Write N/A (Not Applicable) if you did not need to do any of the listed procedures) Initials 1 Was on time for work  Yes  No Checked and explained the muster plan for the day   Water and food  Helicopter times  Yes No Route on maps  Emergency procedures  2 Cattle type/s to be mustered  Discussed your role with your supervisor  Head stockman  Have attached a copy of the muster plan and map to this checklist  (Write and attach notes and map for the day if plan was given verbally) Checked yard for safety and reported hazards  Yes  No Checked the waters  3 Made sure there is nothing to hurt livestock or man  Checked that all the gates are working properly  Checked for anything laying on ground  Checked that all rails are secure  Wore appropriate PPE (Personal Protective Equipment) as required   Sunblock  Yes No Sunglasses  4 5 litre water bottle (and saddle bag to carry water)  Wide brim on helmet/hat  Long-sleeved shirts buttoned to the neck/collars up  Sturdy boots (smooth soles when riding horses)  5 Identified hazards involved in the muster and decided what precautions to take  Yes  No 6 Checked cattle for abnormalities or sickness  Yes  No 7 Helped to identify, check and prepare vehicles to be used for mustering  Yes  No 8 Explained safe operation of machinery and equipment being used  Yes  No Show what you did when you were part of a mustering team. 9 Assisted to locate cattle identified in the muster plan  Yes  No 10 Monitored and demonstrated ability to anticipate cattle behaviour  Yes  No 11 Assisted to move cattle safely and carefully with minimal stress  Yes  No Assisted with muster processes as directed according to the muster plan and 12   station requirements Yes No Demonstrated ability to apply mustering techniques as required:

13 Riding positions  Breakaways   Yes  No Holding the mob  Blocking cattle in flight  Bringing cattle into a moving mob 

14 Assisted to move cattle without damage to person, property or environment  Yes  No 15 Assisted to rest and water the cattle as needed during muster  Yes  No 16 Assisted with mothering and holding cattle at destination area.  Yes  No 17 Counted cattle on arrival and recorded details  Yes  No Communicated well with other members of the muster team. 18 Followed verbal instructions and reported any problems  Yes  No 19 Maintained Logbook for all musters attended. Logbook attached  Yes  No Signed off at work by supervisor:

Name: …………………………………………………… Signature: ……………………………………… Date: ………………

Working on a Beef Cattle Station (Part 1) - Facilitator Guide WELL 2012

LOGBOOK - Mustering and Moving Cattle

Day, date and location:

What could go wrong with the muster and ways to deal with these risks

What DID go wrong during the muster and what was done.

Vehicles used during muster

(eg motorbike, 4 X 4, horse etc.)

Stock type

Number of stock at start

Number of stock on arrival

Any livestock abnormalities

(eg sick animals)

Any abnormal livestock behaviour

(eg stragglers, unusual agitation)

Protective clothing used

Environmental dangers noticed during the muster and moving of cattle

What was done to avoid environmental impacts during the muster

Working on a Beef Cattle Station (Part 1) - Facilitator Guide WELL 2012

Practical CHECKLIST 4: Fencing Name: ______

Date: ______Location: ______

Complete this checklist when you have done some supervised fencing jobs. Write the date when you complete each section in the Checklist. Finally ask your supervisor to sign to confirm that you have done everything according to your workplace requirements. Write the information and tick  the  Yes or  No boxes to show what you discussed with your supervisor Date to PREPARE for fencing work. (Write N/A (Not Applicable) if you did not need to do any of the listed procedures) 1 Type of cattle:  Bulls (need strong fence)  Weaners (need strong fence)  Heifers  ……………………  ………………………….  ………………………… 2 Identified location of fence:  Internal fence OR  Boundary fence 3 Type of fence: 4 Type of wire: 5 Cost of fence: 6 Planned to transport fencing materials and tools 7 Type of land:  Creeks  Soil that will erode easily  Bushland  Hilly (fences should follow contour lines rather than going up and down hills to reduce erosion- cows like to walk fence lines) 8 Will cattle have easy access to water?  Yes  No 9 Will there be easy movement of stock and road access?  Yes  No 10 Will the fence cause environmental problems?  Yes  No 11 Will the fence have to withstand floods?  Yes  No 12 Will the fence have to withstand fire?  Yes  No Pressure points are extra strong (e.g. watering holes, gateways, corners and loading ramps) 13 Checked  Yes  No Tick  the  Yes or  No boxes below to show what you did when you were INSTALLING/REPAIRING a Date fence. (Tick N/A if you did not need to do any of the listed procedures) 14 Identified faults in a fence in need of repair  Yes  No  N/A 15 Talked with supervisor / workers about safety issues  Yes  No  N/A 16 Talked with supervisor / workers and worked to a plan  Yes  No  N/A 17 Wore appropriate protective clothing  Yes  No  N/A 18 Worked safely with tools and equipment  Yes  No  N/A 19 Installed a fence (with gates) correctly with appropriate tools and materials  Yes  No  N/A 20 Repaired a fence correctly with appropriate tools and materials  Yes  No  N/A 21 Showed different types of wire and knots, gate types and tensions  Yes  No  N/A 22 Dismantled a fence for disposal  Yes  No  N/A

23 Cleared and tidied work area and disposed of non re-useable materials in an environmentally responsible way  Yes  No  N/A

24 Cleaned and stored tools, personal protective equipment and re-usable materials  Yes  No  N/A 25 Calculated fencing materials and planned maintenance schedule.  Yes  No  N/A 26 Recorded as required at your workplace  Yes  No  N/A Signed off at work by supervisor:

Name: …………………………………………………… Signature: ……………………………………… Date: ………………

Working on a Beef Cattle Station (Part 1) - Facilitator Guide WELL 2012

TRANSCRIPTS AND GLOSSARY

The total duration of the twenty-two video clips is approximately 40 minutes.

These Transcripts can be used by the learner in the following ways:  To help the learner to read along with the talking in the videos;  To build the learner’s skills for listening to Australian people talking English;  To help to find answers for the Quizzes  To learn new words for communicating and reporting at work.

Vocabulary Exercise: In the list at the end of these Transcripts, is a list of all the highlighted words. The learner can look up and write down the meaning of the words in the list (in their own language if English is not their first language). The learner can also add any other words that are new for them. NOTE: Most of the highlighted words are also in the Glossary tab at the top of the screen in each module, with lots more words and the meanings.

Working on a Beef Cattle Station (Part 1) - Facilitator Guide WELL 2012

MODULE 1: Working Safely at a Beef Cattle Station

Wayne: The other thing we can sort of show you a thing about is picking Video Clip 1.1 up hind legs up. The main thing with picking hind legs up is…. specially Hind Legs because this horse will kick a little bit because it’s a bit touchy… is to get your hands in the right place and the reins. The main thing is to get the 0:41 mins hand on the hip. See how that horse is ready to kick? But if something happens, she’s got the head pulled around and hand on the hip. If something happens, she can pull the head and push hip at the same time and the horse will get away from her. She might get a little kick, but nothing major. But if she hasn’t got her hand there and that horse just jumps forward and kicks, it’ll just kick her in the guts and it’ll flatten her.

Video Clip 1.2 Chris: Another safety issue is if a cow comes out of the mob and is chasing

you, and she’s pretty serious to do some damage to you. A lot of people get Jumping the Fence hurt because they do a couple of things:

One is they’re not serious enough.. they don’t think the cow is serious 0:58 mins enough so they come here and they don’t have a proper attempt at getting over the fence. So what they do is they come in here and they only come to about here. The cow comes in and smacks them against the rail and this is what does all the damage – not the cow, it’s the rails. Okay? So if you’ve got to get up a fence, don’t muck around, come in and get right up the top and get your legs out of the road like that. The cow can hit the fence but you’re pretty safe and you can jump out of the road. So that’s where a lot of people get hurt. They run and don’t get up the fence. They just think they’re safe down there and get hurt.

Video Clip 1.3 Wayne: What we’re going to demonstrate here is what can happen if you don’t hold the horse properly leading him through a gate. If we can get

Working on a Beef Cattle Station (Part 1) - Facilitator Guide WELL 2012

Leading a Horse Shelby to lead him through the gate first… the wrong way….. Pbbbh! See how that horse jumped? It could have jumped straight past and kicked 1:21 mins because of where she was holding the reins; it could have jumped straight past her and kicked her fair in the guts. And this is what happens if you do it the proper way – hold a horse up short…. Pbbbh! See how the horse could come straight round and there’s no hope of you getting kicked in the guts because she’s got hold of the reins in the right place. I’ve seen a lot of people just dawdling through a gate and all that happens is that dog could walk up behind that horse and frighten the living daylight out of it. You know you could have the quietest horse in the world, but it’ll jump past and if it gets a fright, it will kick out, you know. It might only be kicking of the dog, but you’re there. That’s a fair bit of power coming from one of them. People get ribs broken and if they get kicked higher up, they get kicked in the face they get broken jaws and all sorts of things, you know… The right way is to have it up short, so that you can pull the horses head around towards you and the wrong way is Like if you get a horse up here short, something happens, you can just pull that horse’s head around. But if it’s up there and you to pull… nothing happens. And if you do pull it, it’s up there first, then it just goes wop! Video Clip 1.4 Chris: One of the main jobs you do in a cattle yard you do a hundred times a day…...is close a gate. So, you’ve just got a basic gate here with a chain on it Locking Yard and I’ll just show you the safe way to chain it. Don’t just bring the chain Gates around and just throw it over like that – and a lot of people do that. They just 1:02 mins think, yep… that’s going to be safe, but, as you can see, it’s got a lot of play in

it – the cow can get his head stuck in here and a cow will try to crawl out and get jammed. Um, and you’ve got a lame animal and you’ve got some trouble. So, the best thing to do with a chain is go under these two rails, around again, keep it nice and tight, keep going around and under, then come over the top. And that’s a safe way of doing it. Video Clip 1.5 Wayne: The main thing with getting on is always have this rein a little bit tighter than the other one. Then put your foot in the iron, and get this knee Mounting a in here so that you can push away on it, then go up with a straight leg and Horse

Working on a Beef Cattle Station (Part 1) - Facilitator Guide WELL 2012

straight on. That way, if that horse had jumped forward, with that rein a little 0:38 mins bit tight like that, if it jumps forward, it’s the same principle as everything

with horses – if something happens, you just pull that rein around and that horse will go around there and you won’t get kicked or if a horse starts to buck or something, you just pull it round and wait again and start to get back on it.

MODULE 2: Handling Cattle in the Yard

Wayne: Before you put cattle in the yard, you should always come and Video Clip 2.1 check the yard and make sure everything’s up to scratch like there’s no Yard protruding objects, or gates that are got broken hinges or things like that. So Preparation what you do is you come into the yard, go for a walk right round the yard, and check everything like check your chains, make sure they’re welded on Maintenance properly, and there’re no cracks in the welding, and your hinges on all your 2:50 mins gates – make sure that the weld on the back is good so that if a cow hits it,

it’s not going to end up on top of you. So you just go for a walk – walk all round your yard. Check your sliding gates to make sure they’re greased up. See this one – it’s very tight so they need to put some oil along the top so that it works good because if the cow goes to go in , then you’ve got to block it, you’re not going to be able to block it and the cow hits it, it’ll bang it back, slam it into you and you can get hurt. So just be very careful. Then you just keep walking around and checking things. Then you see something like this – this piece of wire sticking out like this. You know, if a cow comes up and runs into that, then bang, straight into the eye, you know, so you’ve got to either do it up properly and push it out, the best thing’s to get a pair of pliers, cut it off and tuck it in. And check to see there’s no big rocks like, you know, rocks like this. Someone could trip, like if a cow was chasing

Working on a Beef Cattle Station (Part 1) - Facilitator Guide WELL 2012

them, or charging them (something like that) and they went to run away, they could fall over that. So just walk in your yard and chuck all your rocks out. Then other things like these sticks and that here – you, know they’re very dangerous. Don’t try and make a big mess outside, just throw it outside so people can pick it up later and take it away.

It’s a good thing to be able to, you know, if you’ve got a yard and it’s out in the open spaces, to plant some trees – a little bit of breeze makes it a cooler working area. That’s one thing kids have got to remember is that, um, if you plant some trees, to go and water them and keep them going like this yard here is a beautiful yard because it’s got trees everywhere - all out the back yard here there’s trees there. The cows can stand in the cool. Some of them have probably come 20ks before they get here - it’s a good place for them to go back to the yard - give them an hour or so spell before you do anything and then they’re all cooled off.

Another thing that’s fairly helpful is sprinklers. And it makes the ground no dust and the cattle don’t get a gut full of dust and get half crook specially when a lot of these yards these days have got hay in them and the hay when it’s dry is very dusty and it’s not good for....you see cattle running round with snotty noses and it’s because they haven’t no water. Water as far as I’m concerned is one of the main things, if it’s at all possible, to have in yards it gets rid of the dust and it keeps the working area cool. As I say, if anything that helpful to keep the cattle cool, it keeps people cool and saves accidents.

Video Clip 2.2 Don: Another important part of station maintenance is the cleanliness of the

troughs. The trough is for watering stock um, easy access to the side of it. Cleaning Water Troughs And the cattle in this paddock will know that this’s a reliable source of water here and that’s why we have to maintain this trough and keep it clean and 1:38 mins keep it in good condition. As you can see this trough‘s full of gum leaves and

various other matter – bird feathers and sometimes you may have a dead bird in there and cows like to drink clean water. So we always carry a trough broom, unscrew the bung at the end of the trough, lock the float off and when the water goes down a bit, we can give the trough a good scrub.

Working on a Beef Cattle Station (Part 1) - Facilitator Guide WELL 2012

The water’s delivered from that tank through a pipeline under the ground. Another important part if you see a wet patch over there somewhere there’s possibly a hole somewhere on the line.

We’ll check this float valve in a minute once we let it go and make sure it’s running freely and shutting off and that’ll flush out clean.

There the obvious thing to look for is good flow here at the float valve. If that was just trickling out, you’ve got a problem: either your tank’s empty or there’s a blockage in your line to your trough.

And we try and keep that part of the trough covered with a cage or a door so the stock can’t get in and damage that.

Video Clip 2.3 Danny: Here you can see we’ve got all our equipment here for doing the

head. These are called tags – identification tags for the station. The Marking Cattle hormonal growth promotant we put in all the steers. That’s your applicator 1:44 mins for your tags. This is a NLIS tag which is an electronic tag which nowadays

everything has to have one when it goes off the property. You load it up like that – ready to go. Hygiene’s a big thing. You want to keep everything clean so no infections. This is your earmarking pliers. This is what every property has an earmark. And this is what we use. This is our earmark. And this is your mark for your hormonal growth promotant so that you know that that animal’s has had HGP put in their ear. By law you have to use it. You have to put it in. We’ll go through the head - what happens with the male calf – they get a few extra things compared to a female. Cassie will earmark it. This is a bull calf and Dan will cut it and turn it into a steer. And Cassie gives them a hormonal growth promotant which helps them gain weight. She puts it in the ear nice and gently. It goes just under the skin. Pushes the thing, that’s it and makes sure it stays in the ear. Then next they get an electronic tag. That’s for identification for when we sell them. They have to have one. And then she puts the HGP earmark in their ear which you have to do. Every time you put a HGP in you have to put that earmark in. Then make sure it’s out – the hole – then people know it’s had a HGP. And the job’s done.

Working on a Beef Cattle Station (Part 1) - Facilitator Guide WELL 2012

Video Clip 2.4 Danny: Dan’s pushing a calf up – a heifer calf. She’s been taken off her

mother so we can brand it for identification. They catch it, roll the calf Branding Cattle over....in the branding position. Dan’s got hold of it. Nice neat brands. And 1:44 mins the reason we brand them is for identification so that other people know

that they’re our cattle. Every property has an individual brand and people know that animal belongs to that property and we also number brand for age when they were born and how old the actual animal is. So especially the heifers, for later one when the cows get to a certain age, we spay them and cull them on age and that’s the reason you brand. If a calf in the lead, Cassie will push it up. It’s very important you catch them properly because if you miss them you’ve got to go and catch them by hand.

You see the brand there, nice and neat? Dan’s done another slick job there. It’s all nice and square and neat and you can read it. That’s the big thing – to be able to read it. Sometimes if you smudge it, like do it too fast, the calf moves or something, it’ll smudge and you can’t identify it properly.

Safety-wise, keep an eye on your fire. Look that’s hot. So always watch out for that. Sometimes you’ve got to be careful calves will come out of the cradle the wrong way, and they’ll run back and they’ll knock the branding fire over and just simple little things you’ve got to watch out for – getting kicked. These little calves they look cute and everything, but by Jesus they can kick! And you can get your fingers sometimes jammed with the cradle. The calf when you’re earmarking it will throw it’s head around and you’ll jam your fingers. So you just got to be careful and just take your time. As you get more experienced, you’ll get better at it. That’s the big thing. It’s not a race. We teach everyone how to do it and you just take … you know, everyone starts off slow, everyone got to start somewhere and we all did. So you just start off slow and steady and you’ll get better and better at it. But the big thing is neatness as well. Earmark and brands have to be neat so they’re easily identifiable. Everyone’s… it’s just presentation is a big thing.

Video Clip 2.5 Wayne: Drafting means dividing cattle into different lines. Well like when

you muster cattle, everything comes in and they’re all different types of Drafting Cattle cattle like there’s the big cows, the little calves, the weaners, bulls, steers

Working on a Beef Cattle Station (Part 1) - Facilitator Guide WELL 2012

1:29 mins and when they bring them into the yard, they’ve got to shift them into

different types.

The smaller ones - that’s a calf - they draft them off and goes into the calf pen to be branded and castrated where the little fellows are only probably anywhere from a week or two months old or three months old. They’re the younger ones and stay with their mothers.

The weaner ones are a little bit bigger, like they’re probably anywhere from 3 to 6 months old. They’re the ones coming off their mothers. They’re big enough and ugly enough to look after themselves so they leave their mothers and become weaners. They’ll be trucked up….put on the truck later and be taken back to the station.

These are cows that have calves. They’re all the bush cattle. Some of these cows will be old cows and Jamie, when they get up the race a bit, he will spay them so that they get fat so he can get some resale value for them.

Normally these big fat ones – they’ll preg test them and if they’re not in calf, they will sell them. It’s no good having a cow that doesn’t have a calf every year, at least every second year.

Like now, that’s a bush cow. She’ll come up the race here. I’d say Jamie will more than likely spay her because she very old and skinny. By the time she comes back next year, she’ll be big and fat and he’ll sell her as a ‘fat cow’. Video Clip 2.6 Wayne: I try to tell everybody – if you’ve got a gate open, the cattle have gone through, like they’d be coming down there and they go through, and Closing Yard you push the gate shut, the best thing is to try and stand to the side of the Gates gate as much as possible, run in, shut your gate and what people do - I see a 1:16 mins lot of people do nowadays is they stand down and they put their foot on the

gate. Then they go for the chain, but, you know, it’s alright if the beast is only a hundred kilos, you might hold it with your foot, but if that’s a four or five hundred kilo bull, he comes charging back and hits that gate. You’re standing here, the gate hits you – bang! – over the top, you’re on the ground. The bull jumps over the top of you as well as the gate! And you will get hurt bad, really bad. I’ve seen people – broken ribs, broken jaws, tops taken off their heads, all sorts of things. It’s very dangerous. So the best way to do this – put

Working on a Beef Cattle Station (Part 1) - Facilitator Guide WELL 2012

your cattle in, push the gate shut, step to the side as quick as possible, grab the chain, put it on. And that way, if something hits the gate, the only thing that will get hit is, as it goes past, it might hit your arm. But an arm’s a lot easier to heal than your ribs or your head! Video Clip 2.7 Chris: So what I want to do is just teach you the basics of where the pressure points are in the beast and how to get them to move, how to get them to Pressure Points stop and how to get them to turn. So what I’ll do with this little fellow –

1:28 mins you’ll see just in front of his back leg, his hip bone, if you put your pressure back around his hind end, he’ll move forward. If you want him to keep going straight, you’ll move forward with him and if you want him to stop, you just go up towards his shoulder in front. That’s put pressure in front like a set of brakes and it tells him to stop. So, what I’ll do is walk in here to his hips and he’ll start walking forward. …… and I’ll just walk along with him. If I want him to keep going forward, I just go back behind his hips, put a bit of pressure in here. Just keep applying the pressure until he moves and then he’ll walk off and then I’ll just walk with him. He stops; I’ll put more pressure on and then walk him off. If I want him to stop, I just come up in front of his shoulder and he’s turned back. He’s felt that. So if I want him to stop, I just come up in front of him on his shoulder….. and he stops.

Video Clip 2.8 Jamie: The principles of low stress stock handling is just .. is basically just

walking cattle very quietly in a steady manner and sort of understanding the Low Stress Handling psychology of the animal.

Cattle have flight zones, so if you’re inside an animal’s flight zone, obviously 3:42 mins they fly away from you. And if you’re outside their flight zone, they’ll sort of look at you and they invite you into their flight zone. And so you come in, but you never, never actually approach them straight on. You should always come in that manner because we’re predators. Humans are predators like cats and lions. We’ve got our eyes in the front of our faces like a cat or a lion. Whereas these are flight animals – their eyes are on the side of their head. So if we approach them in a natural...instinctively, we approach as a predator and these guys read that straight away – that we’re approaching as a

Working on a Beef Cattle Station (Part 1) - Facilitator Guide WELL 2012

predator. So that just sends them (crazy). So if you can go against your instinct, and approach them like that………. a lot of people might see you doing that and think there’s something wrong with you (that you’re mad) I might just walk in there and push them out.

So basically, you just …. you want these little guys to go up …

Most people would walk up behind them and didn’t know what they were doing and just go “yah!” hoping they’d all go up on the truck, but the best way to do that is to just come in and walk up and down. See how this beast is looking at me? It’s sort of inviting me into its flight zone and I’ll just work up and down and you get a leader.

See how these animals they want to go up there. I’m not forcing them to go up there. That’s the difference between …. Because if you put pressure on a beast to move off your pressure, as soon as that beast moves off your pressure you should …. You’ve got to take the pressure away as a reward to the animal. That’s one of the important principles of low stress. So if I put a lot of pressure on you, and you move back, and I take that pressure off, well you’ll feel comfortable about that then. But if I hold that pressure there all the time, and you’ve got nowhere to go, then you’re either going to get angry and charge me, or maybe wack me or …. Animals are the same. If you put pressure on them they just go (crazy) So if you want an animal to move off your pressure, put the pressure on, when it goes off, you take it away. So I can put pressure on these guys – get them moving and then take it off. As soon as they go off me….. A lot of people will keep following them. If I keep putting pressure on them, as soon as you do that….. they start blowing back behind you. Then you know they jam up and they get stressed. If you can just walk up behind them, as soon as they move off your pressure, take it away – you see? And go back in again…. I can take the pressure off that little guy and he just turns around. In years gone by we’d go in with a piece of poly pipe each, or maybe a tree, a branch off a tree and sort of almost go to war with the cattle. But with low stress, you know, your whole mind set changes and you actually go in there in a relaxed frame of mind. You’re working with the animals in a cooperative manner so instead of going in there and fighting

Working on a Beef Cattle Station (Part 1) - Facilitator Guide WELL 2012

them, you’re actually going in there and working with them. We haven’t had a worker’s compensation claim in four years and we used to have a lot of comp claims before we started doing low stress.

Working on a Beef Cattle Station (Part 1) - Facilitator Guide WELL 2012

MODULE 3: Muster & Move Cattle

Don: Right, this is a Toyota Landcruiser, primarily a work vehicle on a Video Clip 3.1 station or a farm. We’ll just do a run through check this morning. Vehicle Checks Most vehicles of this description have a bonnet pull with a car and a little

4:42 mins bonnet on it (picture). Pretty standard for most vehicles. I’ll go round the front and pop the bonnet up. There’s a release catch – safety catch. Prop that under your bonnet.

And this is called your engine compartment. There’s various things. Quite often we check the fan belt, air conditioning belt, radiator fluid levels can be checked visually through the overflow glass here. It’s very important not to take that cap off when the vehicle’s hot because you’ll throw hot, steamy water all over yourself. This is best done first thing in the morning before you start the vehicle.

We have a dipstick here. Usually as in this case we have either red or yellow. This one’s yellow. You pull the dipstick out and have a quick visual check. That’s showing it’s full and the proper practice is to actually wipe it with a rag (which my shirt will suffice for that today). And it’s usually very important to check it again because that mightn’t show a true level when you first pull it out. So you place it in and leave it for a few seconds and then pull it out again. And it’s still showing the same reading so it’s on the FULL level.

It’s always fairly important on a cattle station to check your battery condition. Make sure it’s tight. They have a habit here of rattling loose because some of our roads become rough towards the end of the year. Check for corrosion around your terminals. These are very clean.

Working on a Beef Cattle Station (Part 1) - Facilitator Guide WELL 2012

That’s just power steering fluid very similar to your dipstick again. A little indicator there – actually a little bit low.

These are your brake fluid levels and your clutch. And that little ledge there would say high so this is full of clutch fluid. And there’s your brake fluid level. They have a HIGH and a LOW. That’s actually slightly low.

Just have a visual check of your tyres. These are free-wheeling hubs which is very important on a 4-wheel drive. They have a FREE position and a LOCK. This one’s actually in LOCK. For travelling on the highway, you’d have that in FREE and that enables your front wheel to turn independently to the rest of the car. A lot of people get into trouble if they get into a bog, they’ve got free-wheeling hub and if they put it in 4-wheel drive in the car, but because the hubs aren’t in, the vehicle will not turn the front wheels. So they’re simply done by just turning that round to LOCK. And it’s quite clear there – LOCK and FREE.

This vehicle’s set up with a water tank. Up here water’s very important to you. Always before you leave, make sure you have your water bottle on the back. If you forgot your water bottle, you would drink out of that and quite easily survive.

I have a trough broom fitted under there which is held in by a strap. At the front here we have a shovel – another very important piece of equipment in a station or a farm vehicle as we quite often have to dig a hole or dig yourself out of a bog. It’s not much fun digging with your hands so it’s good to always make sure the vehicle has a shovel.

All the vehicles should have a chain. Very handy for pulling another vehicle out of a bog, or removal of dead animals if you find a dead animal stuck in a trough or on the side of the road and you want to move it, you can tow that away with a chain.

Obviously yeah, just a visual check of your lights if you have two people with you. You can always check your park lights yourself especially if you’re going into town. You might be unaware that your light globe’s blown.

Tyres….obviously if your tyre looks a bit flat you’d check that for air

Working on a Beef Cattle Station (Part 1) - Facilitator Guide WELL 2012

pressure, but that’s a visual thing as well. You’d look at that tyre and if it was lying flat you’d check it or change it. Now the other very important thing is your spare tyre. You should never go anywhere without a spare tyre. In this vehicle …or be aware of where the spare tyre is. In this vehicle it’s hidden up under the back here. You pull these two handles and the spare tyre comes out. You can actually carry two spare tyres in there and the other good thing is to once in a while check that they’re actually inflated. There’s nothing like getting a flat tyre when you’re out the back of the station and your spare’s flat as well.

It’s more a personal thing, but it is a law requirement that you do not have stuff inside the vehicle on the dash. It’s a classic – people put all sorts of stuff: coke cans, spurs, spanners…. It’s actually against the law to carry stuff on your dash these days. If you hit a decent bump, or in the event of a rollover, you don’t want all these missiles in the cab sailing around.

Video Clip 3.2 Wayne: There’s no real way of holding a mob of cattle. You’re trying to sort

of keep them in a square… probably not a square…. the front’s a little bit Riding Positions narrower than the back, you know. So it’s like a funnel – the back is bigger. The lead is always narrower and it’s easier to control if you haven’t got a big 0:58 mins area to cover.

With your horsemen, your main man is your Lead up here in the lead and then you’ve got your point. Lead point here, another one on this side. Usually Wing men in the middle. Then you’ve got point men here again and this is the Tail point. And then you’ve got your men on the Tail.

You can just about guarantee the head stockman will either be in the lead or on the tail and he will give you your positions. You are actually given your positions more or less every day, you know. As a kid gets better and improves, he will be shifted into another position.

When you’re given a position, it doesn’t matter if a cow breaks out of the mob, and you chase it round and it comes back in the tail, make sure that you return to the position that you left. And when you’re returning, ride on the outside, not on the inside. Please don’t ride in front of the other men.

Working on a Beef Cattle Station (Part 1) - Facilitator Guide WELL 2012

Go round the men. You know, you’ve only got to go ride past the other horses, it not going to make any difference to the distance.

Video Clip 3.3 Wayne: The point of mothering up is so that no calves die. Because if they

don’t get their mother and don’t get milk, they are going to die. Mothering Up When you take your cattle away, you take them to where you’re going to let 0:48 mins them go and you pull all the cattle up, put them in a mob, blocked up. Let them spread out a little bit and everybody just stands around on their horses and holds them there. The cows will be bellowing looking for their calves.

Some calves are up the front and some calves in the yard down the back so they don’t see their mothers. Once you’ve been with cattle a little while, you’ll understand … you’ll see the cows and calves with their mother. Put time in it. Some people will block them up for five minutes and let them go. You know, that’s not what’s expected. An hour to two hours I always say - if you’re going to do it properly.

Video Clip 3.4 Wayne: Counting cattle is very important because you need to know how

many head of cattle are in every paddock – how many are branded, how Counting Cattle many are selling, how many you’re spaying, how many you got to sell next year, so that you can do your budget. You know it all comes down to the 0:36 mins counting. It doesn’t matter where you are – if you let cattle out of the yard,

count them, even if the boss doesn’t ask you to. Just count them and it becomes a habit even if they’re going out of the gate and you’re sitting on the rail. Count them. If you’ve got a notebook, write it down.

That’s one thing I recommend with everything on stations, no matter where you go or what you’re doing - carry a notebook.

Working on a Beef Cattle Station (Part 1) - Facilitator Guide WELL 2012

MODULE 4: Fencing

Wayne: This is the argument we have with Queenslanders and South Video Clip 4.1 Australians – that’s called a dropper in my part of the world – South Parts of a Fence Australians call it a picket - I call it a dropper and the black one is a picket. They call it a dropper. So, we won’t have this argument - that’s a picket and 2:06 mins that’s a dropper. Righto, this is just a bit more to do with fencing. This is what they call an end assembly. Sometimes they have three rails, sometimes they only have two, but this one’s only got two. This is the post. They actually cement it into the ground and the rails are welded between each post.

In this country, the ground gets very, very wet , this black soil, and when it gets wet, it starts to swell and if you only put a single post like that in, then put the gate on it, when you come back after the wet, what would have happened? this post with the little bit of weight of the wire on the end of it, pulling on it, and the ground sucking in like that it’d just go in the ground would just go pop and it’d fly right out of the ground. When you come back it’ll be sticking out up here somewhere or not even in the ground. Anyway it may be lying on the ground here.

The ground is so dry now it’s opened up and you can see the cracks in the ground but it opens up and when it gets wet it just comes back again and squeezes the cement and then the cement gets squeezed like that and they just pops it out of the ground and then the post’s gone.

And to stop it from popping, we use these things here called stays they actually go down on an angle and that pushes it back …the pressures if they start to pull, the pressure goes on this and it stops them from coming out of

Working on a Beef Cattle Station (Part 1) - Facilitator Guide WELL 2012

the ground. These posts would be about ah, I don’t know, about three foot in the ground. If you do them shorter than that, they will pop out for sure. And you need them strong to keep your gates level.

Video Clip 4.2 Wayne: Up in this part of the cattle country, this is the main wire that is used

for fencing. It’s barbed wire. There are two types of barbed wire. This is Types of wire heavy, but it’s soft. You can move it around and do it, but the other barb is a 1:36 mins light barb. It’s only half the size of that, but it’s high tensile and the only

thing with high tensile in this country is the fires. If you get a fire, and the wire’s tight, it hits the high tensile, it snaps the wire. So, the best wire is actually this wire. It gets a bit soft and it’ll loosen with a fire, it don’t break. With the high tensile stuff, it breaks all the time.

And the only other wire that is used up here is plain wire. It’s usually ten gauge. Ten gauge is a good size wire. And like the six gauge is a big wire really eight gauge is a bit smaller, ten gauge is smaller still and twelve gauge – twelve gauge is what they usually use for ties. This is a ten gauge. Most people use twelve gauge for wire because it’s easy to work, but with the twelve gauge sometimes when the cattle hit it, it will unwrap. This stuff doesn’t. It’s a little bit stronger. This is the high tensile stuff. See how skinny it is compared to the other wire we were looking at. It’s real little thin stuff. If it gets fire on it, it will just snap, but it’s cheap and the reason people like to use it with the other wire, the bigger wire, you can only get 400 metres on a roll. This one here, you can get 500 metres on. And it’s a lot easier – you can get a lot more on the trailer, you can carry it a lot further and it’s a lot lighter and it’s easier to work with.

Video Clip 4.3 Wayne: Righto, this is just the yarning about all the tools that we use for

fencing. This is a pair of Hay strainers – they’re for straining wire for wire Tools & Materials for breaks. There…..this one……. and the chain that’s at the other end. One Fencing hooks on either end of the wire and you bring them up to strain a wire.

1:22 mins That’s a pair of pliers – that’s for cutting wire and twisting wire and all sorts of things – you use it for a lot of things.

The main thing for putting fences up is a steel picket. And the other thing for

Working on a Beef Cattle Station (Part 1) - Facilitator Guide WELL 2012

driving the pickets in….. is this – it’s called a ‘dolly’. It goes on the picket like this …….and you use that to…… to drive the picket in. Most of these things are designed to the right height. When that hits the ground, it’s the height of the picket.

These are the little bits of wire that you put through the picket, like that. Put it on there and then you wrap this round the wire like that. Always leave the tie hanging down so that the cattle can’t get hit with it. The same thing on the other side – as long as this is a full piece of wire – this is just a bit of an exhibition. That’s how you tie a tie on.

Video Clip 4.4 Wayne: And another thing I can probably show you is how to do a figure

eight. I’ve just got it rigged up here on a motor car. This is something that Knots everyone needs to know because it’s a way of tying wire without wasting 1:57 mins wire. You just turn the wire round like that. Then you go through the wire,

under the wire, twist it around and bring it back through like that. Then just pull it. Then you’ve got a figure of eight. That’s how you tie most wire up on fences….. if it’s plain wire. You can use it on barb wire, but it’s very fiddly because you’ve got to put the claws through, you know.

If you can’t do a figure eight, this is the way they tie it: you grab the wire here, you spin it round…. Like that, put your pliers on the end of it and you just do this up ….. like that. And always turn the wire back so no one gets hurt or cattle don’t run into it and rip their guts out or something. When you do the other end, you put the wire through again – push him through the eye like that, round there to a certain amount that he thinks is good enough you can turn easily with your finger. Then bend it, bring it round, twist it right across. Then get your pliers again and hook onto there so that it doesn’t spin. Your pliers hold it stop from spin then just ……go like that with your thumb and hand. When you’ve finished, twist the wire back.

That’s the way 90% of people do knots. I’m not a great lover of that knot – I like the figure eight. With barb wire it won’t slip because the prongs on the barb wire will hold, but with this, if something gives this a real good thing – you can feel it – see that one up there – if I’ve only put a couple of laps on it , it will slowly come undone – see?

Working on a Beef Cattle Station (Part 1) - Facilitator Guide WELL 2012

Video Clip 4.5 Wayne: Yeah, well with straining wire, you got a set of strainers (there’s all

different makes) but they’re all principally the same thing, so….. go and get Straining a fence both wires from both ends and bring them together.

Then you put your strainers on. You put your actual working mechanism – 2:01 mins the piece that actually does the straining, on one end. You put your strainers on with about a foot long and then you put your chain on the other end. And you put the chain down a fair way so that the wire will pull together. And don’t over strain wire. That’s probably the main thing… like, if you look up the fence and you know the wire’s a little bit old and raggedy, don’t go putting 500 pounds on it, you know. Just pull it up and when you see all the wire’s nice and firm, stop. And then pull it together. Then the wire goes past the one you’ve got standing out and you wrap it round and it’s tight. And with plain wire, usually on one end you put a figure of eight. Go past the strainers and do it up and just wind it up. You can use figure eight on barb wire, but I don’t recommend it for kids because they will get ripped to pieces, you know.

And with fencing, as far as I’m concerned, you should probably have two people. With safety with strainers, it’s very, very important that you that make sure the area is clear. Some of that wire is so old and rusty. It can break, so always stand back a little bit so that, if it breaks, the strainers can go flying. Have it clear so you can get that little bit away, you know. Every little bit away so a little bit’s so it’s not going to hit you.

If you happen to be straining the top wire, and you’re a little short fella, it could come past and wack you on the jaw, you know. Most times it’ll be in the ribs or the chest and it’ll hurt, but if it hits you in the jaw, I’ve seen people knocked out for up to two hours just lying there.

Another thing with fencing is it’s probably a good idea to wear protective glasses.

And for people who’ve been working all their life, they don’t like gloves because they get in the road, but unless you’ve been working six months or something, I’d wear gloves.

Working on a Beef Cattle Station (Part 1) - Facilitator Guide WELL 2012

Glossary Vocabulary exercise: See if you know each of the words below. If not, look up and write down the meaning in your own words or language. This will help you to understand and use the words correctly when you write reports. You can also add more of your own words that you want to remember. Word Meaning 20ks 20 kilometres beast animal bellowing blockage buck bulls bung plug calves charge run towards compensation cooperative manner working together well damage break dawdling demonstrate drafting dividing cattle into different lines flight animals flight zone flush wash out funnel get half crook guts hind hip instinct iron stirrup

Working on a Beef Cattle Station (Part 1) - Facilitator Guide WELL 2012

issue jam/jammed lame maintain/maintenance major manner way matter substance mind set way of thinking mob mothering up paddock pen predator preg test pressure primarily mainly principle rule protruding Sticking out race reins reliable skinny thin snotty nose spay spell a short period of time sprinkler steers stress tank trough

Working on a Beef Cattle Station (Part 1) - Facilitator Guide WELL 2012

valve wack hit weaners weld/welding

Words (Vehicle) Meaning battery bog brake fluid clutch corrosion dash dipstick free-wheeling hubs light globe’s overflow glass power steering fluid shovel terminals tyre

Words (Fencing) Meaning assembly barbed wire dolly’ dropper gauge

Working on a Beef Cattle Station (Part 1) - Facilitator Guide WELL 2012

high tensile picket pliers post strain a wire strainers tie

Your Words Meaning

Working on a Beef Cattle Station (Part 1) - Facilitator Guide WELL 2012

Working on a Beef Cattle Station

Facilitator Guide

DESCRIPTION This resource consists of four self-paced interactive e-learning presentations. Essential knowledge and skills are presented on slides with embedded video clips, animated text and images with explanatory narrative and interactive tasks. The resource uses plain English (except where workplace jargon is required) to accommodate students with English Language or literacy difficulties. The four Interactive Modules are available online at www.litcomtraining.com a) for learners to use online b) to download in a folder, for use on a PC (directly from hard drive or burned onto a DVD) c) to download in a ZIP folder to publish in a Learning Management System (eg Moodle) The set of video clips embedded in the presentations are also available separately online and on DVD. NOTE: The resource has NOT been designed to be used as a stand-alone resource and needs to be used together with the documents provided to support learning and encourage face-to- face discussion and on-job mentoring. Electronic versions of the customisable documents may be downloaded from the www.litcomtraining.com website: a) this Facilitator Guide b) Learner Practical Checklists c) Transcripts of the video clips

EDITION: 2012 TRAINING PACKAGE: AHC20110 Certificate II in Agriculture UNITS OF COMPETENCY SUPPORTED: AHCOHS201A Participate in OHS processes AHCWRK209A Participate in environmentally sustainable work practices AHCLSK205A Handle livestock using basic techniques AHCLSK210A Muster and move livestock AHCINF202A Install, maintain and repair fencing

ISBN: 978-0-9873632-0-6

Enquiries: LitCom Training Service (08) 9341 5011 [email protected]