Golovina. Statusof snipeand woodcockin westernS•beria

Statusof spp. and Scolopaxrusticola in the south-eastof WesternSiberia N.M. Golovina

Golovina,N.M. 1998. Statusof snipeGallinago spp. and woodcock Scolpax rusticola in the south- east of Western . International Studies 10: 345-350.

Thispaper summarises available material from the region, including results of studiescarried out in the Kemerovoregion and neighbouringareas of Novosibirskand Tomskregions between 1979- 1991.Four of snipe( Gallinago gallinago, Swinhoe's Snipe Gallinago roegala, Pintail SnipeGallinago stenura, and GreatSnipe Gallinago media) were recordedbreeding in the Kuzbassindustrial area. JackSnipe Lymnocryptes minimus is saidto havebred therein the past,but wasonly recorded on migrationduring the present study. The highest numbers of Swinhoe'sSnipe and PintailSnipe, which are forest species, were found in the borealzone. Eighthabitat types within the studyarea were used by Swinhoe'sSnipe. Its densitiesvaried from 2.0-5.0 pairs.kin -2 in birch-aspenareas of foreststeppe to 34.2-62.6pairs.kin -2 in industrialclear-fells in mountainboreal forests.Pintail Snipe is lessnumerous in thestudy area. Anthropogenicforest changes, mainly the creationof clear-fellsof variousages, leads to an increasein thenumbers and rangeof thisspecies. CommonSnipe and GreatSnipe are widely distributedin the region. Their preferredhabitats are marshyareas in river-valleysand on the shoresof lakes,and swampylowlands near ponds in forest-steppeand in the foothillsof mountains.In suchareas the numberof CommonSnipe varies from6.0-9.0 pairs.kin -2 in forest-steppeto 18pairs.kin -2 in mountainforests. Densities of Great Snipein marshyareas of forestexceed six pairs.km -2 A lackof largemarshy areas results in these speciesbreeding on extremelysmall territories, so neither Common Snipe nor GreatSnipe aggregatewhen breeding. In general,only oneto threedisplaying are found at eachdisplay site,and onlyin a few sitesare there as many as seven to 12birds. Drainageand ploughingof marshyareas has led everywhereto a declinein the breedingnumbers of thesetwo species. WoodcockScolopax rusticola were recordedthroughout the study area,both breedingand on migration.

N.M. Golovina,Dept. of Natural Ceolites, Research Inst. of Agriculture, p/b Novostroika, Kemerovo, 652410, .

Foaosaua,H. M. i998.CocTo•lu14e 6esacos • saai,•,iuuer•aua •oro-socTo•ie3anaAuofi Ca6apa. International Wader Studies 10: 345-350.

B uacTosnlefiCTaT•,e cse•,em,l sMe•onlsecs MaTepsaa•.I •3 persona,sr•aas pesyan•a•bl sccaeao•usa,n•seaeuuuIe s Ke•e•scroa o6aac•ss npsaera•asxpaaouax Hos•s6spcro• s To•croa•aac•e• s t979- t99t roaax.q•nlpe ssaa•racos (o6nmuoseuuua6erac Galli•go gallinago,aecuoa aynea• Galli•go roegala,assa•crs• 6erac Gallinago stenura •ynea•GaH•nago med•a) 6•a• •uapyxeu• rues•a•cs s npo•aeuuo• soueKys6acca. B npomaoMTaM •e rHeaAuac•,npeAnoao•uteabno, u raprouenLymnoc•ptes minimus, ua•n •e on 6• sct•aeu toa•ao ua •aete. Maacsuaa•u•leascaeuu•xs a•uoro ayneas. assatcaoro 6eaaca(asyx aecu•x ssaos), 6•ia•i sapersctps•u• s •aa•uo• soue.B pafioue sccaeaosaus•aecuo• gyn•b ua•aeus s•b• r•nax •ecr•6•rau•. Haoru•rb .aceaeuss srorossaa sap•s•saaa • npeaeaaxZO-5.0 nap .a t as.•u &peaoso-ocs.o•xyqacr•os aec•rensao •42-6Z6 nap/auz .a npoubimae..•ixs•py6aax s rop.•x •peaa•.bix a•ax. Aa•arc•s• •ac •euee•saeu s padoue •uosuoMsbipy6•s pasu•x •spacros, seayr • y•auqeuu• qucaeuu•ru• pacn•rpaueuua srorossaa. •uo•uub• &•ac s aynea•ms•o pacn•rpaueu• s •ruoue.

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345 International Wader Studies 10: 345-350

Introduction complicatedhilly reliefas it is crossedby numerous riversand flat-bottomvalleys. The forest-steppe The south-easternpart of WesternSiberia includes zoneis dividedby mountaintaiga belts, formed in the followingmontane areas of West-SiberianPlain: the areasbetween large rivers. The Inya, ', the Salairmountain range (up to 590m abovesea ,Yaya and Kiya riversare the main level),the Kuznetskiydepression, the Kuznetskiy tributaries of the Ob' river and form 15% of its Alatau mountainrange (up to 2,178m abovesea annualflow. Within the studyarea, which belongs level)and the MountShoriya upland (up to 1,596m above sealevel). This area borderswith the Altai to the -Kuznetskiysubprovince of mountain taigadominated by Abiessibirica, three altitudinal and the Sayanmountains in the south,with landscapezones are recognised:steppe, forest- PriobskoyePlateau in the west,and with the steppeand mountaintaiga belts. In total,53% of Chulym-YenisseyPlateau in the north and north- this area is covered with forest. The climate in the east(Figure 1). Thestudy area occupies a totalof regionis highly continental,its peculiaritiesbeing 98,000km 2. TheKuznetskiy depression has a

-._Study Area

Ata-Anai Lake

Vasariova Bannbva

• Bachaty •

54øN

50km85øE,;I 86øEI87ol Figure1. Map showingsouth-east area of WesternSiberia.

346 Golovlna:Status of snipeand woodcockin westernSiberia mostlyconnected with the complicatedrelief of the km of riversand lake shoreswere exploredby boat. area. censuseswere conductedby countingboth visuallyand vocallyrecorded individuals on a Faunisticstudies carried out in the regioncan be transect.The meandistance of detectabilitywas separatedinto two main periods:before the 1930s, estimatedfor eachspecies separately and densities i.e.before the startof intenseeconomic development calculatedby dividing the numberof birds seenon of thisarea, and from the 1930sto the present,when the transectby the transectlength x mean human influences on the natural environment have detectability,either for a 1 krn2 standardunit greatlyincreased. In the formerperiod, (accordingto Ravkin 1967)or for 10 km of shoreline. ornithologicalstudies were made mostly in the In GreatSnipe Gallinago media, Common Snipe G. south-westernpart of the region- in the foothills gallinagoand Swinhoe'sSnipe G. megalaonly song- and low altitudesof the Salairmountain range and displayingmales were censused. in the Kuznetskiydepression (Johansen 1914; Khakhlov1937). Nowadays,long-term studies are Results and Discussion beingconducted in the southof the Kemerovo In the south-eastof WesternSiberia, six speciesof region,on Mount Shoriyaand in the Kuznetskiy snipeand woodcockoccur, most of which are Alatau mountainrange (Poslavsky et al. 1979; Golovina 1986). The area between the Tom' and traditionalquarry species. Two species,Swirthoe's Snipeand PintailSnipe G. stenura,are at the south- Kiya riversstill remainsan ornithologicalgap. westernlimit of their breedingrange. Within the regioneven the list of bird speciesis a longway from beingcompleted. For 127(57%) of 215bird speciesknown for thisarea, there are no JackSnipe Lymnocryptesminimus data in the literature on their status. There are In monographson birds of the USSR(Kozlova 1962; sporadicrecords of nestsand chicks, which confirm Ivanov 1976), south-eastWestern Siberia is not breeding,for only 24%of bird species(Poslavsky & includedwithin the breedingrange of thisspecies. Shkarin 1979). However, Johansen(1898) wrote that in province,which includesthe Kemsovregion, "... .TheKuznetskiy depression (called in Russia Woodcock,, Common Snipe and Jack Kuzbass)is one of the world'slargest coal-fields. Snipeare breeding which arewell-known to One third of the coalextraction which takes place everygame-hunter...". In laterpublications of the hereis conductedusing open-cast mining and 1920-1960s,this specieswas not mentionedat all. A covers an area of 36 km 2. This method of coal- juvenileJack Snipe Lymnocryptes minimus was shot mininginvolves extensive land-use due to the during migrationin the vicinity of Kemerovotown formationof numerousexcavation areas, dumps, on 12 September1980 and, in the summerof 1989,a slag-collectors,etc. Mount Shoriyaand the Salair singlebird wasrecorded on 7 Julyin the marshy mountainrange are famous for their iron resources areanear the town of . In Tomskregion and non-ferrousmetals, which are alsoexploited during 1974-1975,this specieswas observedonly on usingopen-cast technology. In orderto excavate springmigration from 8 to 21 May (Duboviket al. onemillion tons of coal,up to 43 ha of virginor 1977). Furtherwest, in the Barabinskayaforest- agriculturallands are transformed, and for the same steppe,it was recordedon springmigration in 1978 amountof iron,up to 600ha areneeded. From the from 29 May onwards.According to Yurlov (1979), time the Kuzbassfirst began to be developeduntil migrationthrough this arealasts eight to 12 days. 1981,36,000 ha had beenindustrially transformed, During autumnmigration the is rarely 50%of whichhad formerlybeen agricultural land. observed; in the Altai foothills in 1962-1978 it was recordedfrom 16 Septemberto 21 October(Kuchin About 1,400ha arebeing developed annually for & Kuchina 1979). differentpurposes. Besides being the regionwhere a quarterof Siberianindustry is concentrated,the Great Snipe Gallinago media Kemerovregion is alsoone of the mostpopulated In the 1930s,this species was recordedas a areas- 30.5people km -2 (Tomakov & Kovalenko numerousand widespreadwader in the Kuznetskiy 1984). Exploitationof new coal-minesand ore steppesand the foothillsof the Salairmountain resources,ploughing of virgin landsfor agricultural range. Nowadays,it is not asnumerous. Thus, its purposes,formation of water reservoirsand ponds densityin 1983did not exceed2 individuals.krn-2in aswell aswood-cutting and partial recultivation of the marshyareas of forest-steppezone (nearthe transformedlands in the last50-70 years has led to Titovosettlement, district). In the man-madelandscapes being widespread within the forestzone, its densityreached 12 individuals.krn-2 studyarea. The effectof suchhabitat transform- locallyin the vastmarshy areas near the Shestakovo ation on bird fauna has been well-studied in Central settlement(Chebulinsk district). Siberiaand Altai (Reimers1966; Kuchin 1982). Accordingto publisheddata, the densityof Great Methods Snipein differenthabitats of the middle taigazone betweenthe Ob' and the Irtysh rivers,in 1979 During the studyperiod (1979-1991), survey routes rangedfrom 0.7-2.0individuals.krn -2 (Vartapetov totallingmore than 7,000km in lengthwere 1984). Strelkov (1974) consideredit to be the most surveyed by foot andwith vehicles,and over 700

347 International Wader Studies 10: 345-350

numerousspecies in the Ob' river flood-plain,where Its densityon the Tom'river flood-plainnear he recordedup to 40-60birds on a singlelek. Novokuznetsktown, for example,was one pair km-2 (Khakhlov 1937). Our censusdata suggest that Between1893 and 1901,the earliestspring arrivals at theCommon Snipe is a widespreadbreeding species the forest-steppewere recordedbetween 28 April whichdoes not occurat high densities. and 5 May and onceon 20 May. In 1928(12 May and 24 May), slightlylater arrivaldates were Drainageof boggyareas for agriculturalpurposes recordedby differentobservers (Khakhlov 1937). forcethe speciesto breedin the very smallareas of Duringour study,the earliestspring records of suitablehabitat around the steppelakes, in damp GreatSnipe were on 29 April 1979near Mariinsk, on meadows,near temporary flood-plain lakes and on 11May 1980near the settlementof Azhendarova swampylowlands in the foothills.No morethan (Krapivinodistrict), on 29 April 1983near the threesinging males were found in any single settlementof Maly Antibes(Mariinsk district), and location.It was only in the vastboggy areas, which on 28 April 1985at theAta-Anai Lake stillremain in someparts of theregion, that higher (Promyshlennayadistrict). In thenorthern part of numberswere recorded.Thus, at the edgeof a bog Tomskregion, Great Snipe arrived in spring1973- nearthe Barmovosettlement (Krapivino district) the 1975between 5 and 8 May or fromlate April numberof displayingmales recorded in 1982was onwards (Dubovik et al. 1977). equivalentto 18 individuals.km-2 Bogdrainage duringeconomic development is leadingto a The mostcommon breeding habitats of GreatSnipe declinein the numberof CommonSnipe areon plainswith dampmeadows in hollowswith everywhere.For example,after the bog near Betulapubescens thickets and grass-sedgevegetation, Raevkasettlement in the Mariinsk regionwas as well as tussockyswamps with herb-grass drained,the numberof CommonSnipe decreased vegetationnear water bodies. In summerit is found from 16pairs in 1978to only four pairsin 1987. alsoon floodedmeadows along rivers, in boggy depressionswithin forests,and on the shoresof In the tussockyareas within the southerntaiga and lakesin the forest-steppezone. in theopen eutrophic fens among sub-taiga forests, CommonSnipe density ranged from threeto 18 A nestwith threeeggs was found in a willow thicket individuals.km-2 (Vartapetov 1984). The earliest by Khakhlov(1937) on 15June 1928, in the foothills springarrival dates on the Kuznetskiysteppe were of the Salairmountain range. During our studies,a in 1892-1902from 20 April to 8 May. On the nestwith a complete,well-incubated clutch, which outskirtsof Kemerovo,a CommonSnipe was shot was also situated under willow shrub, was found on on 17April 1982,and another was shot near 11June 1985 on the swampyshore of Bolshoi Leninsk-Kuznetskiysettlement on 27 April 1956. In Berchikul'Lake (Tisul'district). The egg 1975-1979,spring migration was observedfrom 20 measurements(mm) were: 45.2 x 31.5, 46.0 x 32.0, to 27April (Petunkinet al. 1979).At Ata-AnaiLake 45.0x 32.4,45.7 x 33.0. An adult GreatSnipe with a peakarrival was observedfrom lateApril to the downy chickwas observedon a floatingpeat-moss middleof May. mat on the shoreof Ata-Anai Lake on 10 July 1983. Based on these records, we can assume that clutches Song-flightswere recordedfrom 10 May to 8 June are completedand incubationstarts usually by 20 1980 near Azhendarovo settlement. In the forest- May to 12June. In the northof Tomskregion, steppezone close to Abyskevosettlement, these completeclutches with fresheggs were found from displayswere observedon 7 June1985, whereas the end of May until the 22 June(Strelkov 1974). near Titovo,they were observedon 29 Juneand 8 July1985. A nestwith four fresheggs was found During post-breedingmovements, the speciesis near theAzkendarovo settlement on 15May 1979. recordedin thefirst ten-day period of Julyat Ata- Thisnest was situated in a smalldepression in a Anai Lake,where it foragesand roostsin flockswith tussockyswamp, under one of the tussocks,and otherwader specieson the floatingpeat-moss mats. was camouflagedfrom abovewith dry sedge-grass. Fromthe middleof August,Great Snipe become Clutchesof threeto four fresheggs were alsofound commonon migration:in 1984-1991it wasusually at Ata-Anai Lake on 29 May 1987and 24 May 1988. shotduring the openingof the huntingseason on 24 Eggmeasurements (n = 39) rangedfrom 38.5-40.5x to 31 August. The latestautumn record of Great 28.0-31.5mm. The earliestrecord of downy chicks Snipewas on 17 September1985. Near Tomsk,the was on 4 June 1979, not far from Azkendarovo majorityof GreatSnipe leave the breeding areas in settlement.The latest downy chicks were found on the middle of August (Strelkov1974; Gyngazov & 7 July 1985,near the Titovo settlement.At Ata-Anai Milovidov 1977). Lake, downy chickswere recordedon 16 June1986, 19June 1987 and 11June 1988. During the period of Common Snipe Gallinagogallinago post-breedingmovements, the specieswas recorded Tugarinov(1927) considered this wader to be the at Ata-Anai Lake from mid-Julyuntil early October, mostnumerous in the steppezone, while it was and themost intense migration took place from 15 noticeablyless common in the forestedareas near Augustto 10 September. the ,Bachaty, Leninsk-Kuznetskiy settlements and on the shores of the Ata-Anai Lake.

348 Golovina:Status of snipeand woodcockm westernS•ber•a

During autumnmigration Common Snipe form were observedon 20 June 1971, and broods with largeaggregations in openboggy areas. Thus, on a fledglingson 17 July1973 (Tsherbakov 1979, 1990). 20 ha peat-bognear Ata-Anai Lake, about 200 CommonSnipe were flushedon 8 August 1989. At Ata-AnaiLake the Swinhoe'sSnipe is recorded Similarly,the densityof birdsin the fenswithin the frommid-July onwards, and its numberpeak by the southerntaiga is threetimes higher than duringthe 20 August. During autumnmigration this wader is breedingperiod (Vartapetov 1984). lessnumerous than the CommonSnipe. Analysisof bag-returnsduring late August showed that this Swinhoe'sSnipe Gallinago megala wader representsonly 4.5%of all shotwaterfowl and shorebirds. The largestnumbers of thisspecies are recordedin the forestzone and the smallestin the forest-steppe zone,where it breedsonly in small,isolated birch Pintail Snipe Gallinagostenura groves.Its densityincreases eastwards from three The PintailSnipe breeds in southernSiberia, in the to 28 individuals.km-2 (Golovina 1986). In the subalpinebelts of mountainranges (Kozlova 1962). southernpart of the regionits numbersreach 11.6- Duringthe breeding period, it wascollected on 62.6pairs.km -2 within the mountaintaiga belt 5 June 1913 not far from Taskaevosettlement (Poslavskyet al. 1979;Poslavsky & Sokolov1980). (Barabinskayaforest-steppe), and on 10 June1928 We identifiedeight general habitat types, which nearthe Bachatysettlement in the pine-forestzone supportedhigh densities of thiswader from two to (Johansen1914; Khakhalov 1937). According to 58 pairs.km-2. TheSwinhoe's Snipe is most Johansen(1914), a female and her chickwere numerousin openareas within mixed forest,and in collected closeto Tomsk town. In the Western Altai, the taigawith smalllocal clear-fells, where its PintailSnipe breeding habitats are located in the densityreaches 18-60 pairs.km -2. In the forestsof forest belt between 800 m and 2,000 m above sea the KuznetskiyAlatau mountain range its densityis level. Song-flightswere observedin the Central only oneindividual.km -2, and in the southerntaiga Altai from 18 May to 25 June(1980-1981). After rangesfrom 0.3-2.0individuals.km -2 (Vartapetov 10June, the intensityof displayingdecreased, and 1984;Gureev 1989). Thenumber of Swinhoe'sSnipe after25 June,ceased. Song-flights are made mostly and its distributionare positively affected by the in the eveningsand at night (Malkov& Malkov anthropogenictransformation of forests,including 1983;Tsherbakov 1990). A youngwounded Pintail varioustypes of wood-cutting.This influence leads Snipewas caught on the outskirtsof Kemerovoin in generalto the appearenceof new suitable the middleof August1981. At Ata-AnaiLake, habitats,and thusallows the speciesto expandits youngbirds of thisspecies were shot on 31 August breedingrange (Reimers 1966; Kuchin 1982). 1986and 29 August1987.

Swinhoe'sSnipe arrive on thebreeding grounds in WoodcockScolopax rusticola late April or early May. The earliestspring records Woodcockhave been recorded breeding in the at Ata-AnaiLake are 28 April 1985and 2 May 1989. KuznetskiyAlatau and the Salair mountain ranges Song-flightswere observedin a clear-fellwithin the and in the Kuznetskiysteppe. Woodcock are also mountaintaiga forest near Azkendarovo settlement knownin theTomsk region and the areaof the on 14-18May 1979and on 10-13May 1980;10 and middleOb' river (Khakhlov1937; Gyngazov & 12 birdsrespectively, were displayingon an areaof Milovidov1977). Khakhlov (1937) reported that 2 ha. The latestdisplaying Swinhoe's Snipe was Woodcockwere numerous in the taigaof the Salair observedon 3 July1979, not far from Krasnoye mountainrange and on the Tom'river flood-plain, Ozerosettlement (Krapivino district). Fresh wherethey were collectedon 4 and 20 June1928. clutches were found at Azkendarovo settlement on Springmigration at the Kuznetskiysteppe occurred 17 and20 May 1980,close to the Pichugino in 1891-1901from 28 April to 19May. In 1928,song- settlement(Tisul' district) on 24 May 1986. Nestsare flightswere recordedfrom 16 May until late June placedin openareas near stumps, shrubs and heaps (Khakhlov 1937). In 1975-1979,Woodcock were of brushwood.A nestis a smalldepression, covered reportedfrom 20-27April nearthe town of insidewith dry grassesand leaves,which usually Kemerovo,and from 22 April to 4 May in the containsthree to four eggs.Thirty-six eggs vicinityof Tomsktown (Duboviket al. 1977; measuredwere all 41.0-43.0mm longand 27.0-31.0 Petunkinet al. 1979).A nestwith an incomplete mm wide. A nestwith downy chickswas found on clutch(two eggs)was found during our studyon 16 8 June 1980 in the mixed forest near Azkendarovo May 1984in the mixedforest near the Vasanovo settlement.The female, displaying distraction settlement(Promyshlennaya district). This nestwas behaviour,remained in the vicinity,approaching to 15cm wide and3 cm deepand wasplaced between within 2-3 metresof the observer.Two already theprotruding roots of an old birchtree. Thenest dried chickswere sitting in the nest,the third one waslined insidewith dry grasses,leaves and moss. was foundnearby. Other records of downy chicks The eggmeasurements (mm) were:44.2 x 31.8,44.0 are asfollows: on 14 June1984 near Krapivino x 32.0. In summer1979, a singleWoodcock was settlement,and on 18 July1987 at the Krasnaya observedfrom 27 Juneuntil 5 Julyin the damp Taigasettlement (Izhmorka district). In the Western meadownear the KrasnoyeOzero settlement. Altai the earliestcomplete clutches were found on Youngbirds were collectedin the mixed forestnear 25 May 1975and on 27 May 1976;downy chicks the Bungaradsettlement (Krapivino district) on

349 Internatwnal Wader Studies 10: 345-350

30 Augustand 10 September1979. biologyof Swinhoe'sSnipe at the southern Kuzbass.In: V.E.Flint (ed.) Newaspects in studies In the Altai mountains,autumn migration finishes in ofbiology and distribution ofwaders, pp. 159-160. thesecond half of September.The latest bird was Nauka, Moscow: In Russian. shot on 6 November 1978 near the town of Gorno- Ravkin, Y.S. 1967. To the censusmethods of birds in forest Altaisk (Kuchin & Kuchina 1979). habitats.In: A.A. Maksimov(ed.) Natureof tick encephalithotbeds at theAltai, pp. 66-75. References Novosibirsk. In Russian. Dubovik, A.D., Milovidov, S.P. & Strelkov, V.E. 1977. Reimers,N.E 1966. Birdsand mammals of the southern taiga Phenologyof springmigration of birdsat the ofMiddle Siberia. Nauka, Moscow-Leningrad. Tomskregion. In: K.T.Yurlov (ed.), Migrations of In Russian. birdsin Asia,pp. 108-115.Nauka, Novosibirsk. Tsherbakov,B.V. 1979. To the biologyof Swinhoe'sSnipe In Russian. at the WesternAltai. In: Y.V. Labutin (ed.) Golovina,N.M. 1986. On the distributionof Charadriiform Migrationand ecology of birds of Siberia, pp. 34-35. birdsin Kemerovoregion. In: R.L.Potapov (ed.), Yakutsk Branch of the USSR Acad. Sci., Yakutsk. Studiesof birds of the USSR, their distribution and In Russian. rationaluse, Part 1: 161-162.Leningrad. In Russian. Tsherbakov,B.V. 1990.Comparative characteristics of Gureev,S.P. 1989. Clutchsize and breedingsuccess of distributionof Snipeand Woodcockat the birdsat the KuznetskiyAlatau. In: V.G.Lyalin mountain-forestpart of theWestern Altai. (ed.),Bioproductivity and biocoenotic connections of Ornithologia(Moscow) 24: 167. In Russian. terrestrialvertebrates in thesouth-east ofWestern Strelkov,V.E. 1974. Wadersand gulls of themiddle Ob' river Siberia,pp. 56-74.Tomsk Univ., Tomsk. In Russian. basin.Summary of Cand. of Biol. Sci.thesis, Tomsk. Gyngazov,A.M. & Milovidov,S.P. 1977. Ornithofauna ofthe In Russian. West-SiberianPlain. Tomsk Univ., Tomsk. Tomakov, P.I. & Kovalenko, V.S. 1984. Rational land-use In Russian. duringthe open-cutting mining works. Nedra, Ivanov,A.I. 1976. Catalogueof birdsof the USSR. Nauka, Moscow. In Russian. Leningrad. In Russian. Tugarinov,A.Y. 1927.Birds of theYenissey region of Johansen,G.E. 1914. Notes on ornithologyof the Tomsk Siberia.List and distribution. Notes of the Middle province.Ornitologichesky Vestnik. 3: 176-181. SiberianBranch of Russian Geograph. Soc. Moscow. In Russian. Krasnoyarsk.1(1): 44. In Russian. Khakhlov,V.A. 1937. Kuznetskiysteppe and the Salair Vartapetov,L.G. 1984.Birds of the taiga interstream areas of (birds).Scientific notes of Perm' Pedag. Inst. Perm'., WesternSiberia. Nauka, Novosibirsk. In Russian. 1(1/2): 216. In Russian. Yurlov,A.K. 1979. Springwader migration at the Kozlova,E.V. 1962. .Order Limicolae. Barabinskayaforest-steppe. In: Y.V.Labutin (ed.) 432pp. Moscow-Leningrad.In Russian. Migrationand ecology of birdsof Siberia, pp. 54-56. Kuchin, A.P. & Kuchina, N.A. 1979. Character and dates of Yakutsk Branch of the USSR Acad. Sci., Yakutsk. autumnwader migrationat theAltai. In: Y.V. In Russian. Labutin(ed.) Migrationand ecology of birds of Siberia, pp. 174-176.Yakutsk Branch of theUSSR Acad. Sci., Yakutsk. In Russian. Kuchin,A.E 1982. Birdsof theAltai. Passeriformes. Altaiskoyeizd-vo., Barnaul. In Russian. Malkov, N.P. & Malkov, V.N. 1983. Results of observations on thesong-flight displaying Pintail Snipe at the CentralAltai. In: A.E Kuchin(ed.), Birds of Siberia, pp. 200-201.Gorno-Altaisk. In Russian. Petunkin,N.I., Ilyanenko,V.B. & Kuzichev,I.Y. 1979. Materialson bird migrationin theforest part of Kemerovotown (1975-1979).In: T.N. Gagina(ed.) Problemsofecology and nature conservation, pp. 58-62. Kemerovo Univ., Kemerovo. In Russian. Poslavsky,A.N. & Shkarin,V.S. 1979. On some ornithologicalproblems of WesternSiberia. In: Y.V. Labutin(ed.) Migration and ecology of birds of Siberia, pp. 174-176.Yakutsk Branch of theUSSR Acad. Sci., Yakutsk. In Russian. Poslavsky,A.N., Sokolov,A.I. & KotikovaI.V. 1979. Populationof birdsat the differentforest types of southernKuzbass. In: Y.V.Labutin (ed.) Migration andecology of birdsof Siberia, pp. 98-100.Yakutsk Branch of the USSR Acad. Sci., Yakutsk. In Russian. Poslavsky,A.N. & Sokolov,A.I. 1980. On the numbersand

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