Executive Summary for 8.48ha Amgawan Red Oxide , Red Ochre & fire Clay mine
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
1. PREAMBLE Minerals are the chief source of present phase of industrialization, and play an important role in the present phase of the national economy and overall development of the nation. India is endowed with significant mineral resources. India produces 89 minerals out of which 4 are fuel minerals, 11 metallic, 52 non-metallic and 22 minor minerals. The Red oxide, Red Ochre & fire clay deposits occurring mainly in Shahdol, Satna, Gwalior, Katni, Jabalpur and Sidhi districts has led to establishment of number of refractory and some ceramic industries in the State. Red oxide, Red Ochre & fire clay project is located at village –Amgawan, Taluka Dhimarkheda; Katni District (MP). 8.48 Ha mining lease area is being operated by the lessee Smt. Meera Vajpeyi having office at 431, Maharajpura, Jabalpur (MP) and she is private individual. In order to assess the likely impacts on environment due to proposed mining activity and to have a tool of environment management, Smt. Meera Vajpeyi has submitted the Rapid Environment Impact Assessment study report for mining project. 2. LOCATION 8.48 Ha of Red oxide, Red Ochre & fire clay mining lease area is located in village –Amgawan, Taluka Dhimarkheda, Katni District (M.P.). Presently land use of the area is Govt. waste revenue land. The mining activity in the lease area has been proposed. For Red Oxide, Red Ochre & Fire Clay, fresh lease grant to Smt. Meera Vajpeyi for period of 20year from 26.04.2010 to 25.04.2030. District/ Taluka Village Khasara No Area Ownership State Katni (MP) Dhimarkhed Amgawa Part of 124 8.48 Ha Govt. waste a n land
Smt. Meera Sharma, Jabalpur (MP) Ex. Summary 1 M/s Creative Enviro Services, Bhopal
Executive Summary for 8.48ha Amgawan Red Oxide , Red Ochre & fire Clay mine
3. ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING Topographically area forms a part of NN-W-SS-E trending ridge. The highest elevation of the applied area is 467m located along the eastern part of the applied area. The lowest elevation of the applied area is 400mt located towards south west corner of the applied area. The applied area is covered by 1.5mt thick soil cover/murrum. Towards north and North West slope of the area is steep then the southern and south eastern part of the area. The surface is stony in nature having isolated bushes and some very scattered small plants. The applied area is a part of hillock and there is no cultivation. River Heron is located at a distance of 4.5km west of the area, forms the main drainage feature of the applied area. The rainwater flows to labhera nala which is located 3.75km south west of the applied area, finally same nalla joins to river Hiron at a distance of 4.5km southwest of the applied area. The area covered by thorny bushes and shrubs of Lantana, Makona, Katha and other thorny bushes. The area lies at the cross section of 23 o25’30” north and 80 o19’30” east and is covered under Toposheet no 64A/7. Details of Project Settings S. No. Particulars Details 1 Latitude 23 o25’30” N 2 Longitude 80 o19’30”E 3 Height above mean sea 467-400AMSL level 4 Nearest City Dhimarkheda -6.5km 5 Nearest Railway Station Sihora road – 22 Km 6 Nearest Airport Jabalpur - 38 km 7 Nearest Highway PWD road-350m 8 Nearest Village Antarbedganiyari (Nayatola)- 200m-NW 9 Hills/Valley No 10 Ecological Sensitive Zone No national parks and sanctuary 11 Reserve Forest Nil 12 Historical Place No 13 Nearest River/ Nalla Hiron River– WSW – 4.5km Belkund Nadi- NE- 7.0km
Smt. Meera Sharma, Jabalpur (MP) Ex. Summary 2 M/s Creative Enviro Services, Bhopal
Executive Summary for 8.48ha Amgawan Red Oxide , Red Ochre & fire Clay mine
Labhara Nalla-SW-3.75km Local Nalla – S-0.75km Suwa Nalla-S-4.75km Sonthi Nalla-SWS-7.75m Dudiya Nalla- SWS-9.0km Datla Nalla-SE-6.5km Kobhi Nalla-N-4.0km Mauri Nalla-NE-7.75km Water Reservoir-SSE-0.05km Stop Dam- SSE-0.40km 14 Annual Climatic Conditions Max. Temperature – 46.2 oC Min m Temperature – 4.0 oC Average Rainfall–1100 mm
4. TRANSPORT The lease area is situated at a distance of 57 km south of Katni (district headquarters). Approach from district head quarter Katni to lease area is as follows Katni to Sleemnabad which is 27 km on NH-7 is southwest-NE of Katni. From Sleemnabad to lease area is 29km in the south east direction on sleemanbad- Dhimarkheda-shiora road where one has to travel from Sleemnabad to Dhimarkheda village which is 22 km in the south east direction then there is a bifurcation towards south west direction for Antarbedganiyari village where one has to travel up to 6.5km and the applied area falls in the east side of the road. The accessibility is by road, approachable by all seasoning Damar road. Schooling facility upto Primary standard and medical facility is available at village Antarbedganiyari at 765m in Northwest direction and higher schooling, guest house and post office facility is available at village Dhimarkheda at 6.5km in north east north direction. Area falls under jurisdiction of police station Dhimarkheda. 5. REASON FOR ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (EIA) The impact of mine on the environment depends to a large extent on its location with respect to Human settlements, meteorological conditions, ambient air quality, water bodies, agricultural and forest land etc.
Smt. Meera Sharma, Jabalpur (MP) Ex. Summary 3 M/s Creative Enviro Services, Bhopal
Executive Summary for 8.48ha Amgawan Red Oxide , Red Ochre & fire Clay mine
Most of the adverse impacts of mines are amenable to technological control by providing necessary preventive and control measures and finally through effective environmental management of the operating mines. Keeping in view the likely impacts of mines on environment, this Rapid environment impact assessment report has been prepared for submission to State Pollution Control Board and Ministry for Environment and Forests (MoEF) for clearance of the proposed additional mining area. 6. PROJECT DESCRIPTION 6.1 RESERVES Mineable reserves are those reserves, which are left after deducting mineral blocked in benches and barrier zone area and 10% mining losses, details are given below. Ore blocked in benches and barrier zone in block-A are calculated graphically. Ore blocked in benches is calculated graphically in block-A and B, slope of benches is considered 45degree, while calculating ore blocked in benches. Recoverable reserves are calculated after deducting mining losses from mineable reserves. About 10% mining losses are considered in the form of dust and fines and losses during handling and transportation of mineral. In Block-B reserves are not calculated for barrier zone area therefore ore blocked in barrier zone area of block-B is not mentioned. Block Reserves Barrier Blocked Left out 10% Recoverable MT zone in reserves mining reserves MT benches losses Block- 139339 19193 57070 63076 6308 56768 A Block- 81859 - 36834 45025 4502.5 40522.5 B Total 221198 19193 93904 108101 10810.5 97290.5 Thus total mineable reserves are 97290MT Mine life Mine life estimated by taking mineable reserves and maximum yearly production of Red ochre, Fire Clay & Red Oxide is 1000MT per year.
Smt. Meera Sharma, Jabalpur (MP) Ex. Summary 4 M/s Creative Enviro Services, Bhopal
Executive Summary for 8.48ha Amgawan Red Oxide , Red Ochre & fire Clay mine
Total Mineable Reserve is 97290 T Thus First Five Year Production= 4134T Balance Reserves = 97290-4134= 93156MT Life = 93156/1000= 93.156 year. Thus Total Mine Life = 93.156+5=98.156 say 98year form 2010 The life of the mine is worked out on the basis of the production projected presently. This will change depending upon the market conditions as well as the increase in reserves after proposed exploration. 6.2 Mining Method Present mining method: Presently no mining activity has been carried out. Only prospecting work has been carried out in the mining lease area. Presently total excavated area is 0.1348ha. Proposed Mining Method Proposed mining operations will be carried out by opencast manual method of mining using hand tools such as spades, hammer, crowbar, chisel etc. loading of mineral in to truck/ dumper will be done manually by head load using can basket and tasla etc. The removal of waste material as murum, ferruginous material and weathered clayey material and these dumps will be keeps in South & southeast barrier zone of the applied area. The mineral will be loading to the trucks and tractors will be done manually. During the five year haulage road will be developed at the gradient of 1:16. No blasting and drilling will be requiring in this mine. Year wise development/production for the first Five years: - During first five years mining of red ochre and red oxide will be carried out in Block-A by opencast manual mining method using hand tools such as spades, hammer, crowbar, chisel etc. during the first years of development and production mining is proposed to be carried out in the form of rectangular block along southwest corner of the applied area. Dimension of the block of first five year will be 52x40mt and floor level of
Smt. Meera Sharma, Jabalpur (MP) Ex. Summary 5 M/s Creative Enviro Services, Bhopal
Executive Summary for 8.48ha Amgawan Red Oxide , Red Ochre & fire Clay mine
6.0mt will be attended during this period. Two development and three production benches will be made covering TP-14. No subgrade mineral is likely to be generate during proposed mining period. By volume about 35% recovery percentage of mineral is anticipated, remaining 65% volume is considered as a waste in the form of murrum waste and rock/boulder waste. During the period of proposed mining further exploration will be carried out in the form of eight trial pits and two boreholes of 10mt. depth. During this period plantation will be carried out in the form of one block for each year in 7.5mt barrier zone. Infrastructure will be provided by constructing site services in 7.5mt barrier zone. During first five years one rectangular block will be excavated covering TP-14 towards south western part of the applied area. Trial pit no-14 will be developed by constructing systematic benches, thus subsequently two development and three production benches will be developed with due provision of haul road. As the mineral is soft in nature and easily negotiable using hand tools such as chisel, crowbar, spades and hammer etc. therefore blasting is not required for mining purpose. Thus drilling and blasting is not proposed in proposed mining. Development, during subsequent years, will be towards east, in the form of one rectangular block for each year, in continuation of blocks for previous year. Benches of earlier year will be extended at RL in these blocks. Dumps of soil and waste will be placed in 7.5mt barrier zone. About 489m2 area of TP-14 and TP-10 will be reclaimed using mine waste during five years period. Ground water seepage will not encounter because the ground water table 12m below the ground surface although in rainy season inspite of garland proposal around the five year block rains water may accumulate which will be dewatered by the 5HP pump through settling tank situated in southeast direction of the applied area. During the period of working site services like mine office separate lavoratory for male and female developed in western barrier zone. Plantation will also be done during the
Smt. Meera Sharma, Jabalpur (MP) Ex. Summary 6 M/s Creative Enviro Services, Bhopal
Executive Summary for 8.48ha Amgawan Red Oxide , Red Ochre & fire Clay mine
five year period. During the ensuing the five year period working following development will also be perform simultaneously which are as follows: i) Development of road: During the ensuing the five year about 200m (length) and 1-2m (width) road will be developed at a gradient of 1:14 out of which 60m will connect the working pit to the kuchha road at the south of the applied area and 140m will be in the five year block. ii) Retaining Wall: Depending upon the reserve status (if reserves are depleted then waste will be utilized for reclamation) during the ensuing five year working waste will be keep in the north eastern barrier zone and its stability will maintain by constructing the retaining wall as per the configuration made in the waste management. iii) Garland: As the five year proposal are given at gentle slope, in the rainy season, water will accumulate in the working pit hence therefore proposal of garland around the working pit or according to their gradient which will protect the pit and the garland drain will be drained according to the respective gradient. 6.3 Salient Features of the Mines S. No. Particulars Details 1 Type of Mine Open Cast 2 Mining Lease Area 8.48Ha 3. Mineable Area 5.66 Ha 4. Existing Pits & Quarries 0.1348Ha 5. Existing Dumps Nil 6. Infrastructure and road 0.09ha 7. Mineral Storage nil 8. Plantation Nil 9. Barren Land 8.2552Ha 10. Geological Reserve 221198 tonnes 11. Recoverable Reserve 97290tonnes 12. Method of mining Manual 13. Ultimate Depth of Mining 6.0m bgl (394mRL) 14. Ultimate Pit Slope 45 o
Smt. Meera Sharma, Jabalpur (MP) Ex. Summary 7 M/s Creative Enviro Services, Bhopal
Executive Summary for 8.48ha Amgawan Red Oxide , Red Ochre & fire Clay mine
15. Present capacity of mines 1000 tonnes per annum 16. Expected Life of Mines 98 years 17. Lease Period 20 year upto 2030 18. a Thickness of top soil Minimum 0.4 m Maximum 1.0 m 18.b Thickness of over burden/boulder Minimum 0.5 m Maximum 2.5 m 19 Stripping Ratio 1:0.4 20 Existing mode to Road transportation 21 Area to be covered under nil dumps 22 Area covered under pit 1.5ha 23 Area to be reclaimed by lease 0.5ha period end 24 Area to be covered under 3.0 ha plantation by lease period end 25 Average mRL 467-400AMSL 26 Ground water table Monsoon period 12m bgl (388mRL) Dry month 15m bgl (385mRL)
6.4 Blasting Opencast manual mining method is being proposed. Hand tools such as crowbar, spades, chisel and hammer will be used along without blasting parameter for proposed mining. 6.5 Drilling No Drilling is required. 6.6 Proposed Rate of Production It will be about 1000 tonnes per year of saleable red oxide, Red Ochre & fire clay for full year after complete development of the Mining. 6.7 Loading Loading of red oxide, red ochre & fire clay will be done by manually to the trolley/trucks and will be sending to the end users. The overburden will
Smt. Meera Sharma, Jabalpur (MP) Ex. Summary 8 M/s Creative Enviro Services, Bhopal
Executive Summary for 8.48ha Amgawan Red Oxide , Red Ochre & fire Clay mine
be removed and stacked in a place in the surface. Subsequently it will be mechanically loaded to the tipper for onward dumping to the predetermined space in the lease boundary. 6.8 Hauling/Transport The haulage of mineral from working face to trucks or stacking site in quarry bottom will be done manually. The haulage of O.B. will be done with tractor trolley or 10 tonnes tippers. This will be done as and when required. 6.9 Mine Drainage As in the area there is no ground resources is available in the applied area yet there is water resource in the form of hand pump/well about 0.2km distance towards the north west direction at nayatola village where the water table has been informed about 12-15m below the surface and two pond in south east south direction (about 0.05km & 0.4km distance) which water in nature and dry in all season except rainy season hence therefore ground water table is 12-15m and only in the rainy season the seepage water will accumulate will be dewatered by the 5HP pump. 6.10 Solid Waste Management During the proposed five years mining, about 1385m3 soil, 1185m3 murrum, 2389m3 mine waste (45%) and 1064m3 rock waste (20% sandstone) will be generated. This will be towards south and south east part of the applied area. Soil : The thickness of soil is about 0.75mt, it is reddish brown fine to medium grained sandy soil with gravels. Top soil will be preserved in the form of one dump for each year in southern 7.5mt barrier zone, latter on utilization of top soil will be for spreading purpose where plantation is proposed to be carried out. Mine waste: During first five years about 1185m3 murrum waste will generate from second development bench, about 1064m3 (20% by
Smt. Meera Sharma, Jabalpur (MP) Ex. Summary 9 M/s Creative Enviro Services, Bhopal
Executive Summary for 8.48ha Amgawan Red Oxide , Red Ochre & fire Clay mine
volume) waste in the form of boulders/waste rock will generate and about 2389m3 mine waste along with mineral (45% by volume) in the form of murrum will generate. Thus during first five years total 4638m3 mine waste will generate. Mine waste generated in the form of murrum (45% by volume) along with mineral will be used for reclamation purpose. Mine waste (waste and boulder/rock) will be placed in the form of one dump for each year in south eastern 7.5m barrier zone. For the confinement of waste dump stone pitching will be done on the sloping sides of the dumps of laterite/waste. Friendly plantation will be grown on the top of the waste dumps. 6.11 Resource Requirement The present proposal is of proposed mining activity at mining lease area of 8.48ha at village Amgawan tehsil Dhimarkheda, district Katni, MP. For efficient operation of the Mines all necessary utilities will be made available, a brief description of the same is given below. a) Storage facility It is proposed to provide adequate storage facilities for the excavated mineral and waste dumps, which is generated/used during mining process. Proposed excavated minerals and waste dumps will be kept in the proposed mining lease area. b) Cost Benefit analysis (1) Capital Investment (Fixed Cost):- S. no. Particulars No. Cost in lac ` 1. Pollution Control Lavatory/Soak pit/septic tank 02 0.50 Tanker with water spray 01 0.75 arrangement Total 1.25 (1)
2. Machine and Equipment Diesel Water pump 01 0.50 Loose Tools 0.50 Total 1.0 (2)
Smt. Meera Sharma, Jabalpur (MP) Ex. Summary 10 M/s Creative Enviro Services, Bhopal
Executive Summary for 8.48ha Amgawan Red Oxide , Red Ochre & fire Clay mine
3. Building, shed, Roads etc. Admin. Building 0.40 Rest shelter 0.40 Road 0.75 fencing 0.40 Total 1.95 (3)
4. Green Belt development 0.50 (4)
5. Occupational Health Fire fighting Equipments 01 0.75 (Portable) Personal Protective equipments 0.50 Total 1.25 (5)
6 Misc. 0.75 (6)
Total (1+2+3+4+5+6) 6.70
(2) Annual Estimated Expenditure S. No. Particulars Cost in lac ` 1. Occupational Health and Socio-Economic 0.20 for labour 2.0 Green belt 0.10 3. Pollution control 0.20 4. Hiring charges of Machine (tractor) 0.20 5. Worker/staff salaries & benefits 0.8 6. Admin. Exp. 0.20 7. Rent and Taxes 0.20 8. Depreciation 0.5 9. socio economic activities for villagers 0.5 Total Rs. In Lac 2.7
c) Electric system M.P. State Electricity Board is making the power requirement for the project. d) Water Supply
Smt. Meera Sharma, Jabalpur (MP) Ex. Summary 11 M/s Creative Enviro Services, Bhopal
Executive Summary for 8.48ha Amgawan Red Oxide , Red Ochre & fire Clay mine
The total fresh water needs to be pumped is about 5 KL per day for consumption of domestic and mining purpose. This quantity of water will be taken from the mine pit. Water reservoir and proposed hand pump. The details of water balance of proposed mining project are given below: Water balance of mining project Process Total a) Mine Site Dust suppression 3kl 3kl Green Belt 1kl 1kl b) Domestic Drinking & Washing 1kl 1kl Total (A + B) 5kl 5kl Domestic waste water 0.7kl 0.7kl e) Transport The lease area is situated at a distance of 57 km south of Katni (district headquarters). Approach from district head quarter Katni to lease area is as follows Katni to Sleemnabad which is 27 km on NH-7 is southwest-NE of Katni. From Sleemnabad to lease area is 29km in the south east direction on sleemanbad- dhimarkheda-shiora road where one has to travel from Sleemnabad to dhimarkheda village which is 22 km in the south east direction then there is a bifurcation towards south west direction for antarbedganiyari village where one has to travel up to 6.5km and the applied area falls in the east side of the road. The accessibility is by road, approachable by all seasoning Damar road. f) Land Requirement District/ State Taluka Village Khasara No Area Katni (MP) Dhimarkhed Amgawa Part of 124 8.48ha a n
g) Implementation Period It is planned to start the mine after environmental clearance & Consent to operate. h) Employment Potential
Smt. Meera Sharma, Jabalpur (MP) Ex. Summary 12 M/s Creative Enviro Services, Bhopal
Executive Summary for 8.48ha Amgawan Red Oxide , Red Ochre & fire Clay mine
The mining establishment present opportunities of employment to various posts under various cadres viz. management, supervisory, skilled workmen, semi skilled workmen and unskilled workmen beside casual workmen. Man power requirements S. Management and Nos. No. Supervisory Personnel Qualification required 1. Mine manager/ Mining Having Managers 1 Engineer certificate of Competency 2. Mining Mate Mining Mate’s 1 certificate of Competency 3. Mali/watch man 1 4. Un-skilled labour 5 5 Working day 200
7. EXISTING ENVIRONMENT SCENARIO 7.1 Climate Climate of Katni is average it gains all the seasonal advantage from it. The climatic condition of this area is semi arid. The maximum temperature goes upto 48.2 oC during summer in the month of May and the minimum temperature goes down to 4.0 oC during winter in the month of January. The winds in the area are light to moderate during summer and winter. However, the speed of the wind increases during the end of the summer season and monsoon season. The brief discussion over the meteorological condition of the area is as below: • Temperature: The winter season starts from December and continues till the end of February. January is the coolest month with the mean daily maximum temperature at 34 oC and the mean daily minimum temperature at 12 oC. Both the night and day temperatures increase rapidly during the onset of the pre-monsoon season from March to May. During pre-monsoon season, the mean maximum temperature
Smt. Meera Sharma, Jabalpur (MP) Ex. Summary 13 M/s Creative Enviro Services, Bhopal
Executive Summary for 8.48ha Amgawan Red Oxide , Red Ochre & fire Clay mine
(May) was observed to be 48.2 oC with the mean minimum temperature (March) at 22 oC. The mean maximum temperature in the monsoon season (Sep.) observed to be 34 oC whereas the mean minimum temperature was observed to be 16 oC. By the end of September with the onset of post-monsoon, the day temperatures increase slightly, with the mean maximum temperature at 26 oC and the mean minimum temperature at 12 oC. • Relative Humidity: The air is generally humid in this region during the monsoon when the average relative humidity at 0830 hr. was observed to be with a maximum of 100% and a minimum of 52%. Similarly, at 1730 hr., the average value was observed to be with a maximum of 94% and a minimum of 60%. Generally, the weather during Post monsoon seasons was observed to be with a maximum of 90% and a minimum of 15%. • Rainfall: Monsoon in the area comes from southwesterly winds. The average annual rainfall based on the last 10-year IMD data, was observed to be 400-1000 mm. The monsoon sets in the month of June and continues till mid observed in the evenings, with clear mornings. During the monsoon season, both in the mornings and evenings, the skies were found to be clouded. • Cloud: 30 years average data reveal that maximum cloud cover was observed around 7.0 oktas in the month of July, august. Whereas cloud cover was observed around 2.2 (in oktas) in the month of November, December, January, February and March. • Wind Pattern Generally light to moderate winds prevails throughout the year. Winds were light and moderate particularly during the morning hours. While during the afternoon hours the winds were stronger. A review of the wind rose diagram shows that predominant winds are mostly from S, SW, NW, WNW, W, NE and N directions followed by NW direction.
Smt. Meera Sharma, Jabalpur (MP) Ex. Summary 14 M/s Creative Enviro Services, Bhopal
Executive Summary for 8.48ha Amgawan Red Oxide , Red Ochre & fire Clay mine
• Wind Patterns during study period The predominant directions of wind were observed from NW, NE, N, S & W. 7.2 AIR QUALITY To establish the ambient air quality, sampling and testing were conducted. Air sampling stations were established at four (4) locations around the proposed mining area to assess the background air pollution levels. AIR SAMPLING RESULTS WITH CPCB NORMS
A1 A2 A3 A4 CPCB Norms Indl. & Residential Mixed & Rural used Area area October to December, 2010 PM 10 Concentration Average 53.92 45.67 36.08 39.42 Maximum 70 60 50 52 100 100 Minimum 40 30 24 26 SO2 Concentration Average 6.17 5.65 4.80 4.49 Maximum 6.9 6.5 5.6 5.4 80 80 Minimum 5.4 5 3.8 3.4 NOX Concentration Average 8.71 7.59 5.6 5.26 Maximum 9.8 8.6 6.7 6.8 80 80 Minimum 7.2 6.4 5.2 5.2
7.3 NOISE LEVEL Ambient noise levels were measured at different locations (same as ambient air monitoring locations for two days on hourly basis) to establish present scenario which shall be described as follows. All the values are well within the norms prescribed by CPCB for industrial and commercial area. Main source of noise are traffic movements.
7.4 WATER QUALITY
Smt. Meera Sharma, Jabalpur (MP) Ex. Summary 15 M/s Creative Enviro Services, Bhopal
Executive Summary for 8.48ha Amgawan Red Oxide , Red Ochre & fire Clay mine
Surface Water The Surface water bodies in the study area mainly Hiron River, Belkund Nadi, Labhara Nallla, Local Nalla, Suwa Nalla, Sonthi Nalla, Datla Nalla, Kobhi Nalla, Mavri Nalla, Local Water Reservoir & Local stop dam located WSW, NE, SW, S, S, SWS, SWS, SE, N, NE, S & S direction at about 4.5km, 7.0km, 3.75km, 0.75km, 4.75km, 7.75km, 9.0km, 6.5km, 4.0km, 7.75km, 0.05km & 0.4km respectably from mine. The water from Hiron River & Belkund nadi is used for domestic as well as drinking purpose. The Water from local stop Dam used for irrigation purpose. In addition, most of the water bodies are dry during the summer months excluding those water bodies (worked out quarries), which are situated in the study area. These water bodies are filled with rainwater and seepage/discharge water from abandoned mine works. The data conform to the water quality standards for most of the parameters. The dissolved oxygen levels range between 4.1 to 4.2 mg/l, Total Hardness ranges from 128 to 136mg/l. The heavy metal content has been observed within the limit. The analysis of the sample indicates that the organic pollution of River is insignificant. The physico-chemical and biological analysis revealed that all the parameters are well within the prescribed limits of IS: 2296. Ground Water The study region receives about 1100 mm of rainfall and which plays an important role in recharging of ground water. High lands ensure quick surface runoff and the precipitation received in low–lying area contribute to a great extent in building of ground water reserve of the area. Water supply in the most of the villages depends on ground water resources. Well water is used for domestic as well as irrigation purposes. Ground Water quality analysis was carried out at 4 locations and the frequency of sampling was once /month/station. Ground water samples were examined for physico-chemical, heavy metals and bacteriological parameters in order to assess the effect of industrial and other activities
Smt. Meera Sharma, Jabalpur (MP) Ex. Summary 16 M/s Creative Enviro Services, Bhopal
Executive Summary for 8.48ha Amgawan Red Oxide , Red Ochre & fire Clay mine
on ground water. The samples were collected and analysed as per the procedures specified in “standard Methods for the examination of water & Wastewater” published by American Public Health association (APHA). pH in ground water sample was observed to be in the range 7.28 to 7.64 while conductivity was observed in the range of 630-680 µmohos/cm. The value of alkalinity and hardness were observed in the range of 118- 178mg/l and 112-136 mg/l respectively. Whereas heavy metal was found to be within the limit. The physico-chemical and biological analysis revealed that all the parameters were well within the prescribed limits of IS: 10500. 7.5 SOIL QUALITY Four locations within 10 km radius of the project site were selected for soil sampling. At each location, soil samples were collected from three different depths viz. 30 cm, 60 cm and 90 cm below the surface and homogenized. The homogenized samples were analyzed for physical and chemical characteristics. For general characterisation of soil a few random samples from the study area to the depth of about 15 cm were collected. Soil samples so collected were brought to the laboratory for analysis. It has been observed that the texture of the soil was observed to be sandy clay. The organic carbon was found to be in the range of 2.1% to 2.8% The nitrogen and phosphorus were observed to be in the ranges of 486 to 524Kg/ha and 32 to 38kg/ha respectively the pH range at the soil vary in between 6.24 to 6.5. The soil has high percentage of iron, zinc and chloride. 7.6 Biological Environment Flora (i) Forest Three vegetation types are found in the buffer zone (i.e. within the 10 Km radius of mining project), moist deciduous forest, dry deciduous
Smt. Meera Sharma, Jabalpur (MP) Ex. Summary 17 M/s Creative Enviro Services, Bhopal
Executive Summary for 8.48ha Amgawan Red Oxide , Red Ochre & fire Clay mine
forest and grassland. The forest cover in buffer zone is reported in the range of 9.41%. The moist deciduous forest type is dominated by Sal or Sarai (Shorea robusta). This dipterocarp is commonly associated with Terminalia sp., syzygium cumnil and largerstroomia parviflora. The forest floor in the valley bottom is commonly vegetated with Fleminga spp. However, on the lower slopes Dendrocalamus strictus becomes the dominant undergrowth. The dry deciduous forest with discontinuous canopy, but has many more species common species are Anogeissus latifolia, Terminalia spp. Gamelina sp. Gardenia latifolia, sterculia uresna and Bauhinia retusa. The understory is generally bamboo on the slopes and grass with shrubs on the flat ground. The forest trees are in healthy appearance and showed no stress symptoms. The forest floor showed significant organic matter accumulation in the soil, due to which seed, germination and establishment of saplings are in healthy state. Trees are planted in garden and along roadside as avenue and roadside plantation, respectively. (ii) Grassland: Grassland of the region is secondary in origin and has originated due to frost, fire and ungulate browsing. However, some browsing and frost resistant trees such as Butea monsperma, Cassia fistula, Diospyros Melanoxylon and Zizyphus jujube have encroached the grass land especially at the edge of the forest. The large trees which dot the grassland such as shorea robusta, erminalia spp., Ficus spp. And Madhuca indica is probably relicts of the original vegetation or their descendents. (iii) Agriculture Main crops of Katni are paddy wheat, gram and pulses. In cash crop mainly vegetables are grown and sent to market of Satna District and Umaria also. There is a good market of cereals and other agro-based
Smt. Meera Sharma, Jabalpur (MP) Ex. Summary 18 M/s Creative Enviro Services, Bhopal
Executive Summary for 8.48ha Amgawan Red Oxide , Red Ochre & fire Clay mine
product in Katni. KRASHI UPAZ MANDI Katni has been given the status of “A” class mandi in India. Total area of Katni district is 4949.59 km2 and cultivating land 34593 hectares in 2001 and total forest area 71155 hectares. Private land is 279020 hectare, government land is 214072. Area wise distribution of land and crop S No Crop Total Land In Name Hectare 1 Wheat 71008 2 Paddy 111410 3 Gram 14905 4 Jwar 3817 5 Maize 4096 6 Kaudo 7166 Kutki 7 Mutter 5093 8 Froots 1672 9 Oil Seeds 10509 10 Vegitable 2612 11 Froots 1672 12 Other 15057 Pulses
AGRICULTURAL CROPS Family name Botanical name Local name Malvaceae Abelmoschus Bhendi esculentus Fabaceae Cajanus cajan Tur Solanaceae Capsicum annum Merchi Chenopodiac Chemopodium eae album Fabaceae Cicer arieantum Chena Cucurbiatace Coccinia indica Kundru ae Cucurbiatace Cucumis sativus Kakidi ae Fabaceae Dolichus lablab Wahl Cucurbiatace Lagenaria siceraria Kaddu ae Cucurbiatace Momordica Kerala
Smt. Meera Sharma, Jabalpur (MP) Ex. Summary 19 M/s Creative Enviro Services, Bhopal
Executive Summary for 8.48ha Amgawan Red Oxide , Red Ochre & fire Clay mine
ae choranta
Fauna: The climate, rainfall and vegetation type contribute to decide the type of faunal community in the area. In the region the flat hilltops, varying degree of slopes and Rolling Meadows in the valley create diverse type of habitats and form ideal niches for varied forms of animals. LIST OF FLORA & FAUNA OF THE STUDY AREA NATURALLY OCCURRING SPECIES Kohu ( Terminalia arjuna ) Karanji ( Pongamia pinnata ) Sisham ( Dalbergia sissoo ) Babul ( Acacia arabica ) Neem ( Azadirachta indica ) Kachnar ( Bauhinia variegata ) Akasneem ( Millingtonia Bargad ( Ficus bengalensis ) hertonsia ) Gular ( Ficus glomerata ) Jamun ( Sysisium cumini ) Aam ( Mangifera indica ) Palas ( Butea monosperma ) Mahua ( Madhuca latifolia ) Ber ( Zizyphus mauritiana ) Bel ( Aegle mermelos ) Saj ( Terminalia tomentosa ) Kanker ( Flacorita indica ) Tendu ( Diospyros melanoxylon ) Reunjha ( Acacia leucophloea ) CULTIVATED TREES GROWING IN THE VILLAGES Bargad ( Ficus bengalensis ) Gular ( Ficus glomerata ) Pipal ( Ficus religiosa ) Imli ( Tamarindus indica ) Aam ( Mangifera indica ) Jamun ( Syzigium cumini ) Munga ( Moringa olderfera ) Ber ( Zizyphus mauritiana ) Bel ( Aegle marmelos ) Lasora ( Cordia dichotoma ) Neem ( Azadirachta indica ) Mahua ( Madhuca latifolia ) Sitaphal ( Anona squamosa ) LIST OF FAUNA OF THE STUDY AREA Bengal Monkey ( Macasus Jungle cat ( Felischaus ) rhesus ) Mongoose ( Herpests mingo ) Sambhar ( Crevus unicolor ) Kalmuha monkey Common hawcuckoo (Semnapthecus on lellccs ) (Cuculus micropterces ) House sparrow ( Passer House crow ( carvus domesticus ) splendens ) Common maina ( Acrido tehras tristis )
Smt. Meera Sharma, Jabalpur (MP) Ex. Summary 20 M/s Creative Enviro Services, Bhopal
Executive Summary for 8.48ha Amgawan Red Oxide , Red Ochre & fire Clay mine
7.7 LAND USE PATTERN Present landuse pattern of the 8.48 hectares mining lease area is as given below: Land Use Pattern of Mining Lease Area Items Existing At the end of lease period Total lease area 8.48ha Total Mineable area 5.66ha Geological Reserve 97290tonnes Ultimate depth of mining 6.5m 6.5m
Ultimate pit slope 45 degree 45 degree Area under dumps Nil Nil Area under pits 0.1348ha 1.5ha Overburden quantity Nil 10232cum Area to be reclaimed Nil 0.5ha Infrastructure & Road 0.09ha 0.1ha Mineral storage Nil Nil Plantation Nil 3.0ha
The study area covers about 20352 ha. For computation of the land use pattern in the study area based on the village-wise land-use data given in the census records, the geographical area of all settlements covered within the study area, though many villages in the peripheries of the circular study area are partially covered. Perfect delineation and quantification of land uses for the partially covered parts of villages of the study area is not possible, hence the entire village area is considered for the study, irrespective of its coverage within the village boundary. The land use is classified into four types – viz. forests, area under cultivation, culturable waste and the area not available for cultivation. The land under cultivation is further sub-divided into two types viz. irrigated and un-irrigated. Land-use Pattern in the Study Area S. N. Particulars Study Area (ha) Percentage
Smt. Meera Sharma, Jabalpur (MP) Ex. Summary 21 M/s Creative Enviro Services, Bhopal
Executive Summary for 8.48ha Amgawan Red Oxide , Red Ochre & fire Clay mine
Coverage 1. Forest Land 1916 9.41 2. Land under Cultivation a) Irrigated Land 1361 6.69 b) Un irrigated Land 11073 54.41 3. Culturable Waste Land 3513 17.26 4. Area not available for cultivation 2069 13.13 Total Area 20352 100
7.8 SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONDITIONS The study area comprises of total 59 Villages. These villages fall under two tehsil – Dhimarkheda & Sihora. The demographic details have been abstracted from Primary Census Abstract- 2001(CD) of Madhya Pradesh obtained from Office of Registrar General India, New Delhi. The salient features of the study area are as follows: o Total population of the villages in the study area is 58925 o The total no of household in the study area is 13318 o Sex ratio (no. of females per 1000 males) is 950 o The literacy rate in the study area is 51.71% o The percentage of scheduled tribe in the study area is 18.56% while only 10.27% population is of scheduled caste o Out of total population maximum people are workers i.e. 46.32% Followed by main workers 58.04% and marginal workers 41.96%. Estimated basic statistics of the study area S. Detail Working No. Population 1 Households 13318 2 Total Population 58925 2.1 Male 30211 2.2 Female 28714 2.3 Schedule Tribe 10936 2.4 Schedule Cast 6052 3.0 Literacy Rate 51.71 4.0 Sex ratio (No. of Female per 1000 950 Male)
Smt. Meera Sharma, Jabalpur (MP) Ex. Summary 22 M/s Creative Enviro Services, Bhopal
Executive Summary for 8.48ha Amgawan Red Oxide , Red Ochre & fire Clay mine
5.0 Occupational Pattern: 5.1 Total Working Population (% of total 46.32 population ) 5.1.1 Total Main Worker (% of total Working 58.04 Population 5.1.2 Marginal Workers (% of total Working 41.96 Population) Cultivators (% of worker) 25.12 Agricultural Labors (% of worker) 38.06 Household Worker (% of worker) 25.45 Other Workers (% of worker) 11.37 Total Non Workers 53.68 (% of total Population)
8. IMPACT ASSESSMENT Mining activities is bound to have an adverse impact on existent environment. An understanding of the nature and extent of various impacts is essential in devising the methods and advance planning to mitigate the impacts and ultimately restore the land to useful conditions. 9. IMPACT EVALUATION An attempt has been made to evaluate the impact of project in terms of both quality and quantity by using modified matrix method for crucial environmental parameters. The environmental impact evaluation of possible effects as a result of proposed mining area is primarily based on study of objectives, process, surrounding environment etc. The aspects such as water, air, land and related issues have been assessed on the basis of mining operations for similar activity. The environmental impacts identify the possible relationship of proposed mining operations with respect to environmental parameters. Their relationship can be beneficial or adverse and can be further classified as short term, long term, reversible, irreversible, local or regional. 10. ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN 10.1 Reclamation of Land
Smt. Meera Sharma, Jabalpur (MP) Ex. Summary 23 M/s Creative Enviro Services, Bhopal
Executive Summary for 8.48ha Amgawan Red Oxide , Red Ochre & fire Clay mine
Reclamation and rehabilitation is proposed during proposed five year working after completion of proposed exploration and find out true depth of mineral, entire mine waste will be used for backfilling purposed. Mineable area will be backfilled after mining the total depth of mineralization. Systematic reclamation and afforestation of mined out areas will be carried out in lease area so as to cover the entire worked out area before expiry of mining lease. Since further exploration is proposed to completely delineate ore bearing areas within the leasehold, complete reclamation programme cannot be given at this juncture but waste will be spread in worked out areas to the maximum extent possible. About 2389m3 mine waste generated along with mineral (45% by volume) will be used for reclamation purpose. During first five years about 405m2 barrier zone area near TP-14 and 84m2 barrier zone near TP-10 will be reclaimed. Details of proposed reclamation are given as follows during lease period which will be used for backfilling purpose. 10.2 Green Belt Development The massive afforestation planned for the project shall generate a forest having greater tree density (about 1500 trees for first five year per ha). The proposed extensive will enhance the vegetation quality as well as aesthetic quality of the area. Thus there is no adverse impact is envisaged over biological environment due to proposed mining activity. In initial stage the green belt will be developed in following manner. S. No. Year Afforestation in Ha Plantation in No. 1 1st 0.1674 186 2 2nd 0.1674 186 3 3rd 0.1674 186 4 4th 0.1674 186 5 5th 0.1674 186 Total 0.8370 930
The plantation will be done during rainy season July to September every year. The plantation will be done on dumps, around ultimate pit limits, in
Smt. Meera Sharma, Jabalpur (MP) Ex. Summary 24 M/s Creative Enviro Services, Bhopal
Executive Summary for 8.48ha Amgawan Red Oxide , Red Ochre & fire Clay mine
quarry and open area etc. Following precautions shall be taken for survival and protection of plantation: Plantation shall be done during rainy season; • Inter-cultural operations like weeding, soil turning basin making. • Watering to the plants with regular interval till well developed; • Organic and inorganic fertilizers shall be put for proper development of plants; • Spraying of insecticides, pesticides and growth regulators for disease free growth of plants; • Pruning and trimming of plants shall be done at regular interval; • Barbed wire fences shall be provided around plantation and any fences damaged by miscreants and cattle shall be repaired frequently to prevent the animal nuisance; and • Watchmen shall be employed to prevent the cutting of trees by outsiders and also control of public movement through planted area. 10.3 Measures to Improve Socio-Economic Conditions The impacts of the project would be felt in an integrated manner on the socio-economic environment in the study area. There is no village in core zone and further no displacement is required for the proposed project and therefore impact will be positive side rather negative. The impacts on the different components viz employment, housing, educational, and medical and transport facilities, fuel availability, economics, status, health agriculture is not significant because size of project is very small. However, it would definitely increase the employment opportunity (primary as well as secondary) in the project area. Some of these impacts would be beneficial. • The project will have a strong positive employment and income effect, both direct as well as indirect.
Smt. Meera Sharma, Jabalpur (MP) Ex. Summary 25 M/s Creative Enviro Services, Bhopal
Executive Summary for 8.48ha Amgawan Red Oxide , Red Ochre & fire Clay mine
• Migrant-Non migrant ratio shall shift towards migrant side. This will happen because of (i) better employment opportunities due to this project and (ii) relatively low agricultural yield through traditional agricultural practice with monocrops. • The project shall speed up the growing view on importance of education among people in study area. • The project is going to bring about changes in the pattern of demand from food to non-food items if sufficient income is generated. • The project is not going to influence the existing traditional agricultural situation significantly. It may help to improve agricultural production by way of providing additional income to the farms from supplementary sources. • People perceive that the project will bring handful gains by way of creating significant job opportunities along with development of social infrastructure. 10.4 Air Pollution Control Measures Following measures shall be taken to mitigate the effect of mining operation over ambient air environment: 1. Regular spraying of water by water sprinkling system over haulage roads. 2. To reduce dust generation during loading operation water shall be sprayed over the muck pile to the loaded; 3. To reduce dust generation during plying of dumpers on the haul road. Water sprinkling is done at frequent intervals. Water sprinklers shall be installed at the mine haulage road; 4. To reduce spread of dust, plantation along the mining lease boundary and plantation shall be also done along haul roads. 5. Periodic maintenance of haulage roads.
Smt. Meera Sharma, Jabalpur (MP) Ex. Summary 26 M/s Creative Enviro Services, Bhopal
Executive Summary for 8.48ha Amgawan Red Oxide , Red Ochre & fire Clay mine
6. All over burden dumps shall be stabilized with legumes and grass to prevent the erosion of soil and arrest the dust emission during windy days. In addition to the above following additional mitigation measures shall be adopted and it is expected to continue in future also: 1. Dust mask shall be provided to all workers working in dusty atmosphere. 2. Tree Saplings shall be planted at the periphery of mining lease 3. Regular maintenance of vehicles and machinery’s shall be carried out in order to control emissions; 4. A good house keeping and proper maintenance shall be practiced which will help in controlling pollution. 10.5 Noise Pollution Control Measures The main sources of noise in mining activity are truck/tractor. Following mitigation measures should be taken to control noise pollution: 1. Wherever the noise levels exceed 85 dBA, workers should be provided with earmuffs, ear plugs etc. 2. All moving parts of machine shall be properly lubricated; 3. Non-moving parts of machine shall be properly fastened; 4. A barrier of overburden at mine boundaries shall be made and three rows of trees are proposed to be planted to reduce propagation of noise; 5. Noise barriers, silencers and enclosures shall be incorporated for equipments, which emit high noise levels. 6. All the basic equipments and various machineries shall be kept well maintained. 7. Thick green belt around the mining pit and along the haulage roads. 8. As far as possible heavy and noisy workers shall be avoided during nighttime.
Smt. Meera Sharma, Jabalpur (MP) Ex. Summary 27 M/s Creative Enviro Services, Bhopal
Executive Summary for 8.48ha Amgawan Red Oxide , Red Ochre & fire Clay mine
10.6 Water Pollution Control measures Following measures have been taken to avoid accumulation of water: 1. Pump having required capacity shall be installed to lift accumulated rain water from working pit. 2. There shall not be no over flow on wash off from dumps nor is there any beneficiation plant. Only rainwater is pumped out of the mine; 3. There is no toxic constituent in water and soil so water collected in sump is free from any toxic substances. 4. A silt-settling tank shall be constructed in northern barrier zone area to settle heavy particle before discharging water into drain. 5. Quality of water accumulated in the working pit may be checked during monsoon. 6. It shall be ensured that silt content in the mines discharged is minimum. 7. It shall be ensured that quality of drinking water for the worker is hygienic and good sanitation system is available. 11.0 Conclusion The Red oxide, Red Ochre & fire clay mining project of Smt. Meera Vajpeyi, village –Amgawan, Tehsil Dhimarkheda, Katni District (MP) will be environmental compatible to the surrounding due to the high standards of pollution control measures to be adopted during the operation activity. Thus it can be safely stated that the mining activities will not have any adverse effect on the surroundings, if the proper environmental management plan is adopted.
Smt. Meera Sharma, Jabalpur (MP) Ex. Summary 28 M/s Creative Enviro Services, Bhopal