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Report on the State of the Environment in China 2010

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Report on the State of the Environment in China 2010 中国环境状况公报 2010 The “2010 Report on the State of the Environment of China” is hereby released in accordance with the Environmental Protection Law of the People's Republic of China. Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People's Republic of China May 29, 2011 2010 中国环境状况公报 Reduction of Total Discharge of Major Pollutants ........................... 1 Water Environment ............................................................................. 3 Marine Environment ......................................................................... 17 Atmospheric Environment ................................................................ 23 Acoustic Environment ....................................................................... 27 Solid Waste ......................................................................................... 29 Radiation Environment ..................................................................... 31 Nature and Ecology ........................................................................... 34 Land and Rural Environment .......................................................... 38 Forest .................................................................................................. 42 Grassland ............................................................................................ 44 Climate and Natural Disasters .......................................................... 45 Municipal Utilities Construction.........................................................14 Environmental Supervision and Inspection.......................................15 International Year of Biodiversity......................................................16 Environmental quality conditions in fishery waters.........................16 Major environmental pollution incidents nationwide.......................21 International cooperation on environmental protection..................21 Survey on the public satisfaction with environmental conditions... 22 Progress in Environmental Satellite Work........................................22 National campaign on improving the urban and rural environmental sanitation (2010-2012)...............................................26 The first national contest of environmental monitoring technicians............................................................................................ 28 Cleaner production audit in key companies......................................32 Implementation of international environmental conventions..........33 Chemicals management.......................................................................36 Major progress in environmental economic policies........................37 Ecological Improvement and Conservation Culture........................40 General situation of and progress in environmental standards and technical documents.............................................................................40 Environmental publicity and education.............................................41 中国环境状况公报 2010 At the Fifth Plenary Session of the 17th National Conference of Communist Party of China held on October 15, 2010, CPC General Secretary Hu Jintao required that China would accelerate the development of resource-saving and environment-friendly society, uplift ecological civilization level, actively address global climate change, vigorously develop circular economy, strengthen conservation and management of resources, make more efforts in environmental protection, enhance the development of ecological protection and development of disaster prevention and mitigation system and enhance capacity in sustainable development. Photo from Xinhua News Agency In his Report of the Government at the Third Meeting of the 11th National People’s Congress held on March 5, 2010, Premier Wen Jiabao said that China will strengthen environmental protection, actively facilitate activities such as promotion of environmental control of major river basins, treatment of urban sewage and garbage, control of agricultural non-point pollution and comprehensive control of heavy metal pollution. Photo from Xinhua News Agency 2010 中国环境状况公报 2010 is the year with most complicated economic situation in China. The CPC Central Committee and State Council have united and guided all ethnic groups in our country, adhered the guidance by Deng Xiaoping theory and the important thought of the “three representations”, further carried out the outlook on scientific development, had the initiative in economic work, focused their attention to the adjustment of economic structure and shift of development mode, properly handled well the relations among maintaining steady and fast economic development, adjustment of economic structure and management of expected infl ation, effectively consolidated and expanded the achievements in addressing the impacts of international fi nancial crisis, achieved relatively fast growth of economy and adjustment of economic structure. Facing complex and changeable domestic and international economic situation, CCCPC and the State Council have put environmental protection at a more important position and put forward a series of new thinking and ideas such as “energy saving and emission reduction is an important tool for shift of economic development mode and adjustment of economic structure” and “environmental protection is an important public welfare”. Environmental protection has made important change from understanding to practice. It has entered the main line, platform and arena of economic and social development. Emission reduction task has been completed ahead of schedule with steady improvement of environmental quality and enhancement of public environmental awareness. In 2010, under the correct leadership of CCCPC and State Council, environmental protection organizations across the country implement the outlook on scientifi c development; vigorously facilitate the development of ecological civilization; actively explore new path to environmental protection; combine environmental protection with shift of development mode, emission reduction with the strategic adjustment of economic structure, environmental governance with ensuring and improving public welfare. Focusing on addressing preeminent environmental problems affecting scientific development and threantening public health, environmental protection organizations across the country facilitated fi rm development of each work of environmental protection and successfully fi nished all tasks in 2010. First, the task of reducing total discharge of major pollutants has finished ahead of schedule. Total COD discharge and SO2 emission went down by 12.45% and 14.29% respectively compared with that of 2005, both meeting the reduction targets of the “11th Five-Year Plan” ahead of schedule. The construction of environment infrastructure has enjoyed rapid development, the efforts in phasing out outdated productivity was unprecedented with continuous improvement of environmental quality. Second, environmental protection has increasingly shown its comprehensive role in optimizing economic development. The environmental impact assessments on development strategy of key industries in five big regions such as the Bohai Sea Rim, west bank areas of the Taiwan Straigt, Beibu Bay, Chengdu-Chongqing and energy & chemical industrial zones of mid and upper streams of the Yellow River have been finished. MEP has continuously deepened environmental impact assessment of construction projects. It has rejected, turned down, suspended the approval or returned the environmental impact statements of 59 construction projects failing to meet the requirements, involving total investment of 90.4 billion yuan. It has established the impassable “fi rewall” for projects with high consumption of energy and pollution or resource oriented”, low-level redundant construction projects or projects with excessive productivity. Third, more efforts have been made in prevention and control of pollution of major river basins and regions. MEP has facilitated ecological rehabilitation of 中国环境状况公报 2010 rivers and lakes and in cooperation with relevant departments conducted examination and assessment on the implementation of the plan for major river basins in 2009. MEP has established and improved the new mechanism for joint prevention and control of pollution at regional level. The General Offi ce of the State Council has transferred the Guidance on Facilitating Joint Prevention and Control of Atmospheric Pollution and Improving Regional Air Quality. Relevant departments have successfully finished the tasks of ensuring good air quality for Shanghai World Expo and Guangzhou Asian Games. Fourth, MEP has concentrated its efforts in addressing preeminent environmental problems threatening public health. The work on ensuring drinking water safety has sound progress. MEP has conduct prevention and control of heavy metal pollution in an all round way. The central budget set aside special fund for prevention and control of heavy metals pollution and allocated for the fi rst time 1.5 billion Yuan special fund for prevention and control of heavy metal pollution in 2010 to support comprehensive prevention and control of pollution, demonstration and extension of new technology in major prevention and control areas. The efforts in supervision on environmental law enforcement have been increased and sudden environmental accidents have been under proper treatment. Fifth, rural environmental protection and ecological conservation have been continuously strengthened. Carrying
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