New Guidelines for Mammography Screening

Providence Health & Services position statement on breast health and breast cancer screening

Breast health experts at Providence Health & Services recognize the importance and complexity of counseling women on breast health and screening recommendations. In November 2009, the US Preventive Services Task Force issued updated guidelines for breast cancer screening. These new recommendations have been met with uneven acceptance from various foundations, professional organizations and breast health providers.

OUR MISSION We have reviewed these new recommendations carefully and have engaged a number of As people of Providence, concerned providers, physicians and women’s health advocates in order to gain consensus around we reveal God’s love for all, this important issue. In general, Providence endorses the thorough, professional and evidence- especially the poor and vulnerable, based effort put forth by the USPSTF and recognizes these are difficult issues to analyze. through our compassionate service. We have considered the following: OUR CORE VALUES Respect, Compassion, Justice, • In women of ordinary risk who have no signs or symptoms of breast cancer, the incidence of Excellence, Stewardship breast cancer increases with age. It is very uncommon in younger women and becomes more common in older women.

• Conversely breast cancers tend to advance more rapidly in younger women and less rapidly www.providence.org/oregon in older women.

• Screening mammography has been shown to reduce the death rate from breast cancer. Screening mammography allows cancers to be found when they are smaller and less likely to have spread. The survival benefit conferred by screening mammography has been proven in women ages 40 to 70.

In any screening program, there is a trade-off between harm and benefit. The harms documented

Providence Health & Services, a not-for-profit health system, from screening mammography include potential callbacks, anxiety, expense and the possibility of is an equal opportunity organization in the provision of a biopsy when cancer is not actually present. The benefits of screening mammography include the health care services and employment opportunities. need for potentially less aggressive treatment due to cancers being found earlier and a lower risk

111423 TPR 6-11 of dying from breast cancer. The following summarizes the Providence Health & Services position on breast health and New Guidelines for Mammography Screening: screening, particularly as it relates to the USPSTF recommendations for women without signs or symptoms of breast disease (lumps, pain, unusual tenderness, nipple discharge or skin changes). Frequently Asked Questions We remind providers and patients that these guidelines do not apply to women at increased Do the new guidelines for mammography screening mean that I don’t need a mammogram risk for developing breast cancer, such as those who have a personal history of breast cancer or until age 50? biopsy-proven high-risk lesion, or those who have a strong family history of breast cancer. No. They mean that the decision of whether to begin having mammogram screenings before age 50 should be a personal one, based on a thorough discussion with your physician about your risk of breast cancer and your values about the benefits and harms of screening. Women age Education Interventions 50 to 74 at average risk for breast cancer and who have no symptoms should have a screening mammogram every one to two years. • Discuss lifestyle interventions (diet, • Define breast cancer risk profile. Patients up moderation of alcohol consumption, If I choose to start mammogram screenings before age 50, will my insurance company • Discuss primary prevention strategies. to age 40 weight control). pay for them? • Promote breast awareness. • Consider clinical breast exam. For women 40 and over, legislation prohibits denying insurance coverage for screening mammograms done 12 months apart.

• Discuss breast cancer risk profile. • Discuss lifestyle interventions. If I have a mammogram and then later find a lump in my breast before my next screening is due, • Discuss primary prevention strategies. • Advise screening mammography every will my insurance pay for another mammogram before the 12 months are up? Age 40-49 • Promote breast awareness. year if, after discussion of risks and The new guidelines refer to screening mammography rather than diagnostic mammography. A • Individualize preferences for screening benefits, the patient requests it. screening mammogram is for women who show no symptoms of breast cancer. If you do have a services. • Consider clinical breast exam. symptom, such as a lump, pain or a change in the skin, your physician may decide you should have a diagnostic mammogram. Any woman, at any age, can have this test at any time. It’s important • Discuss breast cancer risk profile. • Discuss lifestyle interventions. to talk with your doctor if you have any new breast symptoms or problems. • Discuss primary prevention strategies. • Advise screening mammography every Age 50-74 • Promote breast awareness. one to two years. If my mother had breast cancer, does that make me high-risk? • Initiate screening mammography for all • Consider clinical breast exam. It depends. You should talk with your doctor about whether you are at average or higher risk women age 50 to 74. for breast cancer. Important risk factors include known genetic mutations, strong family history of breast cancer and other related conditions, previous exposure to large doses of radiation to • Discuss lifestyle interventions. the chest, previous breast cancer or abnormalities on breast biopsy, and very dense breast tissue. • Discuss breast health in the context of • Consider screening mammography patient’s overall health. Many other risk factors have been associated with breast cancer, but they are less important when every one to two years if, based on making decisions about screening. Although it can be helpful to identify your risk factors, having 75 and older • Consider screening healthy women. an evaluation of the patient’s overall Harm may outweigh benefits in patients no risk factors does not mean you won’t get breast cancer. In fact, most women who develop health, screening may be beneficial. with significant medical illnesses. breast cancer are at average risk. • Consider clinical breast exam. Can I just examine my own breasts instead of having mammograms? It is important to be aware of changes in your breasts. Let your doctor know of any changes or problems you notice. However, self-exam is not a substitute for mammography screening because Providence Health & Services strongly endorses that all women learn their individual risk factors mammography can detect cancers that are not yet noticeable to you. for developing breast cancer, understand how that risk may be decreased, and understand the benefits and harms that may accrue with screening tests, such as breast self-exams and screening What is the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force? mammography. Providence Health & Services recognizes that many women will have no risk It is an independent, nongovernmental, volunteer panel of prevention and primary care experts. factors before they are diagnosed with breast cancer. It remains of utmost importance for women They evaluate the scientific evidence for the effectiveness of various clinical preventive services. to make breast health discussions a priority when they visit their health care provider. Their recommendations are widely considered the “gold standard” for evidence-based Providence Health & Services is committed to serving the underserved in our community. If you or preventive services. someone you know does not have access to a primary care provider, you may call the Providence Are the new guidelines an attempt to ration health care at the expense of women? RN Medical Advice Line to discuss breast health needs with a Providence nurse. Mammography costs weren’t a factor in the task force’s decision making. The guidelines they Providence RN Medical Advice Line: 503-574-6520 or 800-700-0481. To reach a physician, developed are an attempt to find the most effective way to screen women without causing call Providence Resource Line at 503-574-6595 or toll free 800-562-8964. For more information, more potential harm than necessary, such as radiation exposure, erroneous test results and visit www.providence.org/oregon. unnecessary biopsies. The following summarizes the Providence Health & Services position on breast health and New Guidelines for Mammography Screening: screening, particularly as it relates to the USPSTF recommendations for women without signs or symptoms of breast disease (lumps, pain, unusual tenderness, nipple discharge or skin changes). Frequently Asked Questions We remind providers and patients that these guidelines do not apply to women at increased Do the new guidelines for mammography screening mean that I don’t need a mammogram risk for developing breast cancer, such as those who have a personal history of breast cancer or until age 50? biopsy-proven high-risk lesion, or those who have a strong family history of breast cancer. No. They mean that the decision of whether to begin having mammogram screenings before age 50 should be a personal one, based on a thorough discussion with your physician about your risk of breast cancer and your values about the benefits and harms of screening. Women age Education Interventions 50 to 74 at average risk for breast cancer and who have no symptoms should have a screening mammogram every one to two years. • Discuss lifestyle interventions (diet, • Define breast cancer risk profile. Patients up moderation of alcohol consumption, If I choose to start mammogram screenings before age 50, will my insurance company • Discuss primary prevention strategies. to age 40 weight control). pay for them? • Promote breast awareness. • Consider clinical breast exam. For women 40 and over, legislation prohibits denying insurance coverage for screening mammograms done 12 months apart.

• Discuss breast cancer risk profile. • Discuss lifestyle interventions. If I have a mammogram and then later find a lump in my breast before my next screening is due, • Discuss primary prevention strategies. • Advise screening mammography every will my insurance pay for another mammogram before the 12 months are up? Age 40-49 • Promote breast awareness. year if, after discussion of risks and The new guidelines refer to screening mammography rather than diagnostic mammography. A • Individualize preferences for screening benefits, the patient requests it. screening mammogram is for women who show no symptoms of breast cancer. If you do have a services. • Consider clinical breast exam. symptom, such as a lump, pain or a change in the skin, your physician may decide you should have a diagnostic mammogram. Any woman, at any age, can have this test at any time. It’s important • Discuss breast cancer risk profile. • Discuss lifestyle interventions. to talk with your doctor if you have any new breast symptoms or problems. • Discuss primary prevention strategies. • Advise screening mammography every Age 50-74 • Promote breast awareness. one to two years. If my mother had breast cancer, does that make me high-risk? • Initiate screening mammography for all • Consider clinical breast exam. It depends. You should talk with your doctor about whether you are at average or higher risk women age 50 to 74. for breast cancer. Important risk factors include known genetic mutations, strong family history of breast cancer and other related conditions, previous exposure to large doses of radiation to • Discuss lifestyle interventions. the chest, previous breast cancer or abnormalities on breast biopsy, and very dense breast tissue. • Discuss breast health in the context of • Consider screening mammography patient’s overall health. Many other risk factors have been associated with breast cancer, but they are less important when every one to two years if, based on making decisions about screening. Although it can be helpful to identify your risk factors, having 75 and older • Consider screening healthy women. an evaluation of the patient’s overall Harm may outweigh benefits in patients no risk factors does not mean you won’t get breast cancer. In fact, most women who develop health, screening may be beneficial. with significant medical illnesses. breast cancer are at average risk. • Consider clinical breast exam. Can I just examine my own breasts instead of having mammograms? It is important to be aware of changes in your breasts. Let your doctor know of any changes or problems you notice. However, self-exam is not a substitute for mammography screening because Providence Health & Services strongly endorses that all women learn their individual risk factors mammography can detect cancers that are not yet noticeable to you. for developing breast cancer, understand how that risk may be decreased, and understand the benefits and harms that may accrue with screening tests, such as breast self-exams and screening What is the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force? mammography. Providence Health & Services recognizes that many women will have no risk It is an independent, nongovernmental, volunteer panel of prevention and primary care experts. factors before they are diagnosed with breast cancer. It remains of utmost importance for women They evaluate the scientific evidence for the effectiveness of various clinical preventive services. to make breast health discussions a priority when they visit their health care provider. Their recommendations are widely considered the “gold standard” for evidence-based Providence Health & Services is committed to serving the underserved in our community. If you or preventive services. someone you know does not have access to a primary care provider, you may call the Providence Are the new guidelines an attempt to ration health care at the expense of women? RN Medical Advice Line to discuss breast health needs with a Providence nurse. Mammography costs weren’t a factor in the task force’s decision making. The guidelines they Providence RN Medical Advice Line: 503-574-6520 or 800-700-0481. To reach a physician, developed are an attempt to find the most effective way to screen women without causing call Providence Resource Line at 503-574-6595 or toll free 800-562-8964. For more information, more potential harm than necessary, such as radiation exposure, erroneous test results and visit www.providence.org/oregon. unnecessary biopsies. Providence Health & Services position statement on breast health and breast cancer screening

• Conversely breast cancers tend to advance more rapidly in younger women and less rapidly www.providence.org/oregon in older women.

In any screening program, there is a trade-off between harm and benefit. The harms documented

111423 TPR 6-11 of dying from breast cancer.