The Literal Meaning of the Word Allegory Is
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View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by UC Research Repository Table of Contents Table of Figures .................................................................................................................. 4 Acknowledgements ............................................................................................................. 8 Abstract ............................................................................................................................... 9 Introduction ....................................................................................................................... 10 Outline....................................................................................................................... 11 Biography .................................................................................................................. 13 Literature Review...................................................................................................... 17 Chapter One .................................................................................................................... 23 The Académie Royale ............................................................................................... 23 Artistic Styles ................................................................................................................ 26 The Rococo ............................................................................................................... 26 The Development of Neoclassicism ......................................................................... 29 Artistic Conditions ........................................................................................................ 34 The Decline of the Monarchy ................................................................................... 34 The Revolution.......................................................................................................... 35 The Republic ............................................................................................................. 37 Artistic Conditions during the Empire ...................................................................... 40 Artistic Conditions in the Restoration....................................................................... 43 Chapter Two .................................................................................................................... 49 Definition of Allegory................................................................................................... 49 The Origins of the Allegorical Tradition ...................................................................... 51 Eighteenth-Century Allegory ........................................................................................ 53 Rachel McConnell Pierre Paul Prud’hon and the Genius of Allegory 2 Allegory in Crisis .......................................................................................................... 55 Pre-Revolutionary Allegory .......................................................................................... 62 Allegory and the French Revolution ............................................................................. 63 Napoleonic Allegory ..................................................................................................... 66 Allegory in the Restoration ........................................................................................... 68 The Decline of Allegory ............................................................................................... 70 Chapter Three ................................................................................................................. 72 Prud’hon and the Rococo .............................................................................................. 72 Prud’hon and Neoclassicism ......................................................................................... 76 Prud’hon and Romanticism........................................................................................... 78 Prud’hon and the influence of Renaissance artists ....................................................... 84 Prud’hon and the Art World ......................................................................................... 88 Prud’hon and David ...................................................................................................... 89 Chapter Four ................................................................................................................... 95 Prud’hon and Allegory .................................................................................................. 95 Moral Allegories ....................................................................................................... 99 Cupid Bound To Reason and Cupid Laughs at the Tears He Causes (1793) ..... 100 The Union of Love and Friendship (1793) ......................................................... 105 Wisdom and Truth Descending to Earth (1799) ................................................. 112 Hôtel de Lannoy Salon (1798-1801) ................................................................... 115 Justice and Divine Vengeance Pursuing Crime (1804) ...................................... 121 Love Seduces Innocence, Pleasure Entraps and Remorse Follows (1809) ........ 127 Political allegories ................................................................................................... 139 Rachel McConnell Pierre Paul Prud’hon and the Genius of Allegory 3 Liberty (1794) ..................................................................................................... 140 Equality (1794) ................................................................................................... 144 Law (1794) .......................................................................................................... 146 The French Constitution (1794).......................................................................... 148 Allegorical Portraits ................................................................................................ 152 The Apotheosis of Baron Joursanvault (1780) ................................................... 155 The Glorification of Burgundy (1786) ................................................................ 157 The Triumph of Bonaparte (1801) ...................................................................... 160 The King of Rome (1811) .................................................................................... 163 Cradle for the King of Rome .............................................................................. 166 Addressing Allegorical Criticism ............................................................................... 170 Prud’hon and Allegory: a Conclusion......................................................................... 173 Prud’hon and the Twenty-First Century ..................................................................... 174 Bibliography ................................................................................................................... 178 Rachel McConnell Pierre Paul Prud’hon and the Genius of Allegory 4 Table of Figures Figure 1. Jean-Antoine Watteau, The Embarkation at Cythera, 1717, ............................. 47 Figure 2. Jean-Baptiste Greuze, The Broken Jug, 1785, ................................................... 47 Figure 3. Jacques-Louis David, The Oath of the Horatii, 1784, ....................................... 47 Figure 4. Anne-Louis Girodet de Roussy-Trioson, Pygmalion and Galatea, 1819, ........ 47 Figure 5. Antoine-Jean Gros, Bacchus and Ariadne, c. 1821, .......................................... 47 Figure 6. Louis Hersent, Louis XVI Distributing Alms to the Poor, 1817, ....................... 47 Figure 7. Pierre-Narcisse Guérin, Portrait of Henri de la Rochejaquelein, 1817, ........... 48 Figure 8. Agesander, Athenodoros and Polydorus, Laocoön, c. 200 B.C., ...................... 71 Figure 9. Philippe-Auguste Hennequin, Philosophy Drawing aside the Clouds that Hid the Truth; the Triumph of the French People, or the 10th of August, a relative Allegory to this famous Day, 1799, 436 x 694 cm, oil on canvas, Musée des Beaux Arts, Rouen ..... 71 Figure 10. Philippe-Auguste Hennequin, The French Hercules, 1800, ............................ 71 Figure 11. Jean-Pierre Franque Allegory of the Condition of France Before the Return From Egypt, 1810, 261cm x 326 cm, oil on canvas, Musée du Louvre ........................... 71 Figure 12. Antoine-Jean Baptiste Thomas, Oenone Refusing to Heal Paris, 1816, ......... 71 Figure 13. Pierre Paul Prud'hon, Justice and Divine Vengeance Pursuing Crime, 1808, 92 Figure 14. Théodore Géricault, The Raft of the Medusa, 1818-19, .................................. 92 Figure 15. Leonardo da Vinci, Portrait of a Woman, c. 1495-99, .................................... 92 Figure 16. Raffaello Sanzio da Urbino (Raphael), The School of Athens, 1509-1510, .... 92 Figure 17. Pierre Paul Prud'hon, Le Séjour de l'Immortalité, c. 1808, ............................. 93 Figure 18. Pierre Paul Prud'hon, Psyche Carried Off By Zephyrs, 1808, ......................... 93 Figure 19. Antonio Allegri Correggio, Venus, Satyr and Cupid, 1524-1527, .................. 94 Rachel McConnell Pierre Paul Prud’hon and the Genius of Allegory 5 Figure 20. Pierre Paul Prud'hon, The Union of Love and Friendship, 1793,