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Home , Animas Formation, Bidahochi Formation, Chuska Sandstone, Gila Group, Los Pinos Formation, Niobrara Formation

Proposedlegend and correlation ol map units forrevised state geologic map by OrinJ. Andersonand Glen E. Jones, New Mexico Bureau of Minesand Mineral Resources, Socono, NM 87801

This correlation and description of geo- Formations; uppermost Mocene to middle Tlrp Lower rhyolitic pyroclastic rocks logic units is proposed for the next edilion (ash-flow tuffs); includes Hell's Mesa, of the state geologic map. Digitizing of geo- Kneeling Nun, parts of the Bell Top logic maps,-totn-aetait-ea(6rge-scile;"ana Tg Lower part of Gila ; uppermost Formation, Caballo Blanco,DatilWell, Rock regional (small-scale),published since 1955 Oligocene, , and lower House Canyon and BIue Canyon Tuffs, is underway at the New Mexico Bureau of Tsf Lower and middle . and other volcanic and interbedded volcaniclastic units (e.g. Mines and Mineral Resources.If you wish Includes Havner Ranch, Rincon Vallev. SpearsFormation) Popotosa, formerly referred to as Datil Group to comment on any aspect of the map proj- Cochiti, Tesuque, Chamiti, Abiquiu, and Los Pinos Formations; Tla ( ect, including the units and descriptions Lower Tertiarv, and lower uppermost Oligoceneand Miocene Oligocene)andeiite and basalticandesite shown here, please write to: Upper Tertiary sedimentary flows, and associatedvolcaniclastic units. State Geologic Map Committee units of ColoradoPlateau region, undivided;may Includes Rubio Peak Formation New Mexico Bureau of Mines and Mineral locally include FencELake and Bidahochi Turf Upper Oligocene rhyolitic flows and Resources Formations of the Little Basin, masses Campus Station and Gila Group in the northern Mogollon- Tlrf Lower Oligocene rhyolitic flows and Socorro, NM 87801 Datil volcanic field masses Tbi ; alluvial, lacustrine, Ti Tertiary intrusive rocks; undifferentiated Qa Alluvium; upper and middle eolian, and depositsof southern Tui Miocene to Oligocene rhyolitic to Colorado Phteau region; middle(?) Ql Landslide deposits and colluvium; intermediate dikes, masses, plugs, and Miocene to lower Pliocene Quaternary diatremes Tfl Fence Lake Formation; coarse alluvial Qe Eolian deposits; Quaternary Tuim Middle Tertiary mafic intrusive rocks deposits with minor eolian and Qeg Gypsiferous eolian deposits; Quaternary pedogenic carbonates, of the southern Tli Quartz monzonites (Eocene)in the Silver Glacial deposits; Qd till and outwash; upper ColoradoPlateau region; mainly Miocene, City area and Los Pinos Range, and middle Pleistocene (baseprobably upp6rmost Olifocene) intermediate intrusives of the Cooke's Lacustrine,playa{ake,eolianandalluvial Range (Oligocene), and other intermediate Qx To , alluvial and eolian deposits to felsic dikes and plugs of Eocene and of maior lake basins;upper deposits, and petrocalcic soils of Great Oligocene age Quaternary Plans province; middle Miocene to lower Tps Paleogenesedimentary Qp Piedmont alluvial deposits; upper and Pliocene (locally includes unit QTe) units; includes middle Baca, Galisteo, Love Ranch, and Lobo Quaternary;indudes alluvial fan Tln Los Pinos Formation (lower Santa Fe deposits Formations. (Equivalent to Eagar bordering major streamvalleys Group); includes Carson Conglomerate Formation in east-centralArizona) Qb and andesite flows and vent (Dane and Bachman, 1965) in Tusas deposits; Quatemary Mountains.-SanLuis Basin area Tsi SanJose Formation; Eocene, San fuan Basin Qr Silicic volcanics;Quaternary Tos Mostly Oligocene and upper Eocene Tn ; , San Basin Qv Basalticvolcanics; rings, cinders, and sedimentary units, dominantlv Juan ; Quaternary volcaniclastic with local intermediatL Tpc ; Paleocene,in volcanics; Raton Basin Qbo of North Plains area; lower and includes Espinaso,Spears, middle Pleistocene Monument ParkSandstone, and PalmPark Formations TKrn McRaeFormation, Cutter Sag-Engle Basin QTb Basaltic and andesitic volcanics Tnb Basalt and andesite flows; . area interbedded Includes flows interbedded with Pliocene and Pleistocene with SantaFe TKoa Olo Alamo Formation, in San fuan Basin sedimentary units and Gila Groups TKa , in northeast SanJuan QTa Older alluvial deposits; of upland plains Tnr Silicic volcanic rocks; Neogene Basin areas, mid-Pleistoceneto mid-Pliocene Tc Chuska ; limited to Chuska TKr , in Raton Basin Silicic flows and domes Mountains, in northwest QTr interbedded with TKav Andesitic volcanics Plioceneand Pleistocenesedirnentary units Tv Middle Tertiary volcanic rocks, TKi Late Cretaceousand Paleogeneintrusive Older eolian cover sediments and undifferentiated QTe calcic rocks soils of the High Plains region; primarily Tuv Upper Oligocene volcanic rocks, Blackwater Draw Formation; includes undifferentiated; younger than 31J2 Ma scattered playalake, alluvial, and K Cretaceousrocks, undivided; in extreme recent Lower Oligocene and Eocenevolcanic dune-sandsdeposits (e.g. Tahoka,Double southwestern area includes Ringbone rocks, undifferentiated (dominantly silicic); Lakes,Tule, and Formation, which may extend into lower BlancoFormations of the rocks 32 Ma and older Southem High Plains area); upper Pli- Tertiary Tuau Uppermost Oligoceneand lower ocene and Pleistocene Miocene Ksv Sedimentary and volcaniclastic andesitic rocks (26-18 Ma). Includes Bear Gila Group. sedimentary rocks; restricted to QTg Includes Mimbres Formation Wallow Mountain Formation (Plio-Pleistocene)and several unnamed southwestem area Tual Upper Oligocene andesitic rocks (31-26 units in southwestem intermontane basins; Ki latest Cretaceousintrusive rocks; restricted Ma); includes Uvas Basalt and Poverty Miocene to middle Pleistocene (base to Copper Flats area in Sierra County Creekbasaltic andesite probably uppermost Oligocene) Ka l,atest Cretaceousandesite flows; restricted Turp Upper Oligocene rhyolitic QTgu Upper Gila Group; uppermostMiocene to pyroclastic rocks to southwestern area (ash-flow tuffs); includes South Crosby Pleistocene Ku Upper (Gulfian Peak Formation, La Jencia, Vick's Peali, Series); QTsf SantaFe Group, undivided. Intermontane undivided. Includes Virden Lemitar, La JaraPeak, South Canyon Tuff, Formation basin fill of Rio Grande (Elston, rift region; Bloodgood Canyon Tuff, Shelley Peak, 1960)in Virden area uppermost Oligocene to middle Pleistocene Turkey Springs, Tuff of Little Mineral Kvt Vermeio Formation and Trinidad QTs Upper Santa Fe Group. lncludes Camp Creek, and others. Some contain Sandstone Rice, Fort Hancock, Palomas, Sierrl volcaniclasticand reworked volcaniclastic Kkf Kirtland and Fruitland Formations; coal- Ladrones, Ancha, Puye, and Alamosa rocks. trearing

May 1990 New Mexio Geology Or ol 0p o 0x "2, od ob 0n Ov //=- oT! 0Tc f- 11es 0Tg oTb OTn 0Tr el. Tnb Tnn tu812 To Tlp TuL To TBf \-Ill Tui Tuv Turf Toa Tv K T1 Tli fc TIFf Tlv Y Tsi Tla Tpg Tn l-'.;l TK TKO' IKA l;-l l--*;

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Na;l Mexico Geology Kpc Pictured Cliffs Sandstone;prominent cliff- |m ; upper rocks Pct ; used in Nacimiento forming marine sandstone in northern third of state Mountains and Chama embayment only Kls Lewis lz Zuni Sandstone; undivided equivalent of Ph Hueco Formation; Iimestone unit restricted Kp. Pierre Shaleand the Entrada and Cow Springs ; to south central area Knf Fort Hays LimestoneMember of Niobrara restricted to Zuni Basin. Homotaxial Pb Bursum Foimation equivalent to the as Formation PP Undivided and used in northeastern Kmv includes the Gallup rocks Rafael includes rniddle Sandstone,Crerra'sse Canyon Formatiori, Isr San Group; Jurassic PPsc Sangre de Cristo Formation seouence of Entrada Formation and the ,Menefee P Pennsylvanian rocks, undivided Formation, and Todilto, Beclabito. and Horse Mesa Members of the Wanakah Formation Pm Madera Formation; in Sangre de Cristo Kch Cliff House Sandstone Mountains includes Porvenir and Alarnitos Klv La Ventana Tongue of the Cliff House Formations of Baltz and Myers (1984) T rocks, undivided Sandstone PPs Panther Seep Formation Tsc Santa Rosa and Chinle Formations Kmf ; coal-bearing Ps Sandia Formation; predominately clastic inc.ludes Kpl Point Lookout Sandstone; prominentcliff- Tc ; locally unit (commonly arkosic) with minor black forming marine sandstone. In McKinley at base , and carbonate Formation and Sandoval Counties. The lower Point Ts Santa Rosa Plc Lead Camp Formation Lookout, the Hosta Tongue, is separated r{€ through rocks, from the main body by the Satan Tongue Pz rocks, undivided undivided; includes Bliss Sandstone of the . P Permian rocks, undivided (Cambrian and ), El Paso Kcc Crevasse Canyon Formation; coal-bearing Pdr Dewey Lake and Rustler Formations Formation and Montova Group Kg Gallup Sandstone; prominent diff{orming (Ordovician); locally rocks of *vonian age, Pdl Dewey Lake Formation; Ochoan-age red marine sandstone; locally includes the and the Lake Valley sandstone and siltstone overlying D-Cross Tongui of the Mancos (Mississippian) Pr Rustler Formation; Ochoan-age siltstone, Shale MD Mississippian and rocks, gypsum/ sandstone, and dolomite Kmr Rio Salado Tongue of the Mancos Shale. undivided; includes the Lake Valley Overiies Twowells Tongue of Dakota Psl Salado Formation; Ochoan-age evaporite Limestone of Mississippian age, and the Sandstone; mapped only where Tres sequence Oflate, Sly Gap, Contadero, and Canutillo Hermanos Formation is presenb included Pc Castile Formation; Ochoan-age dorninanfly Formations in the northern Franklin with Dakota Sandstone is Kdr in Socorro anhydrite sequence Mountains County area Pat Artesia Group; Guadalupian-age shelf M Mississippian rocks, undivided Kpg Pescado Tongue of the Mancos Shale and facies forming broad S-SE hending outcrop Mk Kelly Limestone; of Socorro and Sierra Gallup Sandstone; in Zuni Basin only.- from Glorieta to Artesia area; includes Counties Pescado is mostly of Lopez age. Grayburg, Rivers, Yates, and Juana Queen, Seven Dp Percha Shale;Caballo Mountains area Kth Tres Hermanos Formation; (formerly Tansill Formations soe Cambrian through rocks, designated as Iower Gallup Sandstone in Pty Yates and Tansill Formations. Sandstone, undivided the Zuni Basin) siltstone, limestone, dolomite, and Silurian and Ordovician rocks, undivided Kma Moreno Hill Formation and Atarque anhydrite so Sandstone, in Salt Lake coal field and Seven Rivers Formation. Gypsum, oe Ordovician and Cambrian rocks, extreme southern Zuni basin anhydrite, salt, dolomite, and siltstone undivided; includes Bliss Sandstone, El PasoFormation, and Montoya Group Km Mancos Shale Ptq Grayburg and Queen Formations. Sandstone, gypsum, anhydrite, dolomite, Kdr Dakota Sandstone (inclusive of Twowells Yi mafic dikes; diabase, and red mudstone Tongue) and Rio Salado Tongue of the metadiabase,metadiorite mainly of Burro Mancos Shale PcP Capitan Formation; upper Guadalupian- Mountains; age not well constrained age limestone (reef facies) Kdm Intertongued Dakota Mancos sequence of Precambrian sedimentary rocks of the west central New Mefco; includes the Pcb Carlsbad Limestone; equivalent to Seven SacramentoMountains Whitewater Arroyo Tongue of Mancos Rivers, Yates, and Tansill Formations Yp Precambrianplutonic rocks younger than Shale and the Twowells Tongue of the Delaware Mountain Group; includes 1600Ma Dakota Brushy Canyon, Cherry Canyon and Bell Xm Precambrian metamorphic rocks, Kd Dakota Sandstone includes the main Canyon Formations dominantly felsic, age 1650-1700Ma body-Oak Canyon, Cubero, and Paquate Pbc Bell Canyon Formation; basin facies- Xms Precambrianmetasedimentary rocks, age Tongues sandstone, limestone, and shale 1650-1700Ma, basicallyequivalent to Kc ; limited to northeastern area Pcc Cherry Canyon Formation; basin facies- Hondo Group which includes up to 2000 Kgg and GreenhomFormation; sandstone, limestone, and shale m of and pelitic schist limited to northeastem area Pbrc Brushy Canyon Formation; basin facies- Xp Precambrian plutonic rocks generally older Kgh Greenhorn Formation; limited to sandstone, limestone, and shale than 1600Ma northeastern area. The upper member Pts Goat Seep Formation; Guadalupian-age Xmo Precambrian metamorphic rocks, (Bridge Creek Ls.) can be traced into limestone and dolomite (reef facies) mafic, wesrem area. dominantly age 1726-17ffiMa Psa San Andres Formation; limestone and Y Middle rocks, undi.fferentiated Kgt Graneros Shale; limited to northeastern dolomite with minor shale area X Early Proterozoicrocks, undifferentiated Pg ; mature quartz Kdg Dakota Group of east-central and sandstone northeastern New Mexico; includes both Psg San Andres and Glorieta Formations Lower and Upper Cretaceous rocks Pco Cutoff Shale; in Brokeoff Mountains only Kbm Mancos Formation and Beartooth Quartzite; Mancos includes what was PrP Victorio Peak Limestone; in Brokeoff formerly referred to as Colorado Shale, Mountains only which in turn may include equivalents of Py Yeso Formation; sandstones, siltstones, Tres Hermanos Formation anhydrite, gypsum/ halite, and dolomite KI Lower Cretaceous (Commanchean Series), Pa Abo Formation; red beds undivided Pys Yeso Formation and San Andres Formation undivided Jurassic rocks, undivided Pay Abo and Yeso Formations undivided

May 1990 Natt Mexico Geology AlvinJ. Thompson Sigma (mathematics), and Sigma Delta Psi Lefty was an avid mineral collectorand his (1e03_1se(l) (athletic). specimens include some magnificent pieces He worked for United Verde Mining Com- of smithsonite from the world-famous Kelly Alvin J. @efty) Thompson was the Direc- pany, Phelps Dodge Copper Company, Davis mine in the Magdalenamining district, cen- tor of the New Mexico Bureau of Mines and Dunkirk Mines, and Hillside Mining Com- tral New Mexico. He oversaw the transfer of Mineral Resources from 1957to 1968.During pany in Ar2ona. During World War II, he New Mexico Tech's Mineral Museum from his of leadership,he developedthe me-- did research work at the Batelle Memorial the basement of Brown Hall, the adminis- tallurgical and chemical laboiatories at Institute in Columbus, Ohio, which included tration building, to four largebays in the new NMBMMR and was an active mineral-in- service on the War Metallurgy Committee of (in 1958)wing of Workman Center, where it dustry,leader, professor, and metallurgical the National Academy of Sciencesand de- becamethe responsibility of NMBMMR. With researcher.In the 1962-1964 Annual Report velopment of new methods of extracting his encouragement,the Mineral Museum as- of NMBMMR, he wrote "... NewMexico must metalsfrom many types of ores. He taughl sembled one of the more significant collec- actively contribute to the promotion of its tor iive years at the University of Arizona tions in the Southwest. As Director of mineral resources and take the lead in re- and for eleven years at the New Mexico In- NMBMMR, he was fiscally conservative, as search and development work if it is to at- stitute of Mining and Technology,serving as required by the times, but he encouraged tract proper "De- and prudent growth. At the same chairmanof thJMining and M6tallurgy and supported new ideas and new projects time_the State has a primary obligation to partment. From 1957to 1968he was Director that helped development of the State'smin- seethat mineral developmentand utilization of the New Mexico Bureauof Mines and Min- eral resources. In addition to overseeing proceed with due regard to the best conser- eral Resources,retiring in 1968. projects, he personally wrote some 17 pub- vation practices . . . " Leftywas a metallurg- Mr. Thompson was a registered profes- lished reports including three on silver, lead, ist, but he shongly supporteda broad mineral- sional engineer in New Mexico and Arizona and zinc deposits of New Mexico. resources and geologic program for New and had been a member of the American As evidencedby his membership in Sigma Mexico. -Thompson Chemical Society,Society of ProfessionalEn- Delta Psi, Lefty was an active athlete. During Mr. was born fuly Z, 1903in g!neg1s,American Institute of Mining and the middle 60'she was the most skilled mem-- I,{9 Iowa, and !!ty, passed away April 5, MetallurgicalEngineers, and theAssociation ber of a doubles handball team that twice 1990.He is survived by his wife, Bettv S. of AmericanState Geologists. He wasa long- won the New Mexico Tech campus cham- Thompson, and son, Riihard B. Thompion, time member of the New Mexico Mining As- pionship, playing against tall vigorous jun- as well as grandson, PrescottAlvin Thbmp- sociation, serving as president and for many iors and seniors.After his retirement in 1968. son. years on the Board of Directors, being Emer- he had considerablymore time to play ten- Lefty receivedhis B.S. in1927and M.S. in itus Director after his retirement. He helped nis, which he did almostevery moming, often 1933from the University of Arizona and was establishand was past chairmanof the Cen- with his wife Betty. Some of his last active honored by the Univerdity with an Award of tral New MexicoS-ection of AIME and chair- momentswere on the tenniscourt. AnAlvin Merit in 1960. He had honorary member- man of the New Mexico Mining Safety j. Thompson ScholarshipFund has been es- shipsin Phi Kappa pnt Phi (scholastic),Oetta Advisory Committee. tablished at New Mexico Tech in his honor.

EugeneGallaghan and South America. In 7946, he was ap- A moderately tall, lanky man, Eugene set pointed Professor of Economic Geology at a fast.pace in the field and had penitrating (1904_1990) Indiana Universitv, and from there cam-eto questions concerning interpretation of out- New Mexico and NMBMMR. In earlv 1952, crops.He was a living exampleof the axiom Callaghanwas the eighth Director -!uge1e he servedas international consultant bo Haile that the best geologistsare those who see of the New Mexico Bureauof Mines and Min- Mines Corporation, Deliew, Cather and the most rocks. He directed by leading and eral Resourcesdivision of New Mexico In- Compan, and other firms doing geologic working closelywith his staff. He was always stitute of Mining and Technology, serving work in Cuba, Mexico, Canada,Tur[ev, aird a perfect gentlemanand was sympatheticbut from September 1949through fanirary 195/ Iran. From 1.958throueh 1965he was-Chief firm. With obvious reference to the Irish He expanded the Bureau from a staff of ten Geologistfor the Cypris Mines Corporation background of the name Callaghan,many of to thirty-one employeesand beganmany of working in Cyprui,'Greece, Israel,'Arabia, his friends called him Pat, but that referred the geologyand mineral-resourie progrims Spain, Portugal,and Morocco. to the good qualitiesof the lrish. In meeting in place today, with heavy emphasis on field In 1965, Dr. Callaghanjoined the deadlineshe tended to work thirty-sixhouri geologic mapping. Dr. Callaghan was active Geologicaland Mineil Survey as Associate straight. Thus, after such a period, it was in the Association of American State Geol- Director, and in 1968he becamea professor safest to insist on doing the driving, so he ogists (AASG), serving as Statistician and and the first chairman of the ne*ly orga- co rld catch up on his sleep as a passenger hosting AASC in Socorroin 1954.He was nized Ceology and GeophysicsDepartmdnt and not as the driver. Overall, he had en- elected Honorary Member of AASG as well of the Univdisity of Ut;h.-He retired from compassing appreciation for the many ben- as of the New Mexico Geological Sociery public service ii 1972. eficial of geologic studies, rdnging (NMGS) and the Utah GeologicalAssocia- -aspects AJter retirement, Dr. Callaghancontinued trom developingmineral resourcesto help- tion. Eugene strongly supported the annual geologic consulting and attending profes- ing laypersonsenjoy the scenery that his spring meetings and fall field conferences of sronalconferences in such diverseareas as resulted from geologic forces. A premier, NMGS, beginning the close cooperation be- China, Australia, Antarctica, Ireland, Scot- practical economic geologist, he enthralled tween NMBMMR and NMGS. land, and Kenya.He frequentlyattended the his students at Indiana and Utah universities Dr. Callaghan was born in Snohomish, annual meetingsof the Associationof Amer- with hands-on descriptions of Utah's Mar- Wash_ington,and raised in Newport, Ore- ican State Geologistsat various sites ysvale alunite, Nevada's Gabbs magnesite, gon. He married Edna Curtis Spenkerof San throughout the nati,on. Indiana's Gardner Ridge kaolin-haloysite, Francisco;they raised two sons, Curtis John Dr. Callaghan was a Fellow of AIME, Geo- New Mexico's Santa ldta copper, tvteiico'i Callaghan, now in Petropolis, Brazil, and Dr. logical Societyof America, and the Sociefy Santa Eulalia silver-lead, Cyprus' Skouri- William S. Callaghan, Salt Lake City. of EconomicGeologists. He publishedabotit otissa copper, and Brazil's Minas Dr. Callaghanreceived Geraesdia- his B.A. aha U.a. 60.scientific,reportibut also had many pro- monds and hematite deposits. in geology-from the University of Oregon prietary studies and maps that were nol pub- He left us 8, 1990, and his Ph.D. in January two days before geology froh Colunibia lished. The published reportsare mainly on his 86th birthday. University in 1931.He w=orkedfor the U.S. areasin Utah, Nevada,and New Mexico,but Geological Survey until 1946,doing proiects his experienceand knowledge spannedseven in Utah, Nevada,Massachusetts. pueito Rico. continents. -Frank E. Kottlowski

Nan Mexico Geology May 7990