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ANNUAL PROGRAM PLAN FY 14/15

April 2014

!1 AN INITIATIVE OF Executive Overview Ocean Networks Canada operates world-leading ocean observatories off the west coast of British Columbia for the advancement of science and the benefit of Canada. The NEPTUNE and VENUS cabled observatories collect data on physical, chemical, biological, and geological aspects of the ocean over long time periods, supporting research on complex ocean and Earth processes in ways not previously possible. The NEPTUNE regional observatory and VENUS coastal observatory (Figure 1), which have been operating for four and seven years respectively, provide unique scientific and technical capabilities

Figure 1. NEPTUNE is located off the west coast of Vancouver Island. VENUS is located inshore in the Strait of Georgia and Saanich Inlet. VENUS also includes Coastal RADAR, sensors on two BC ferries, and autonomous gliders. Smart Oceans BC expands ONC’s observatories to the north. Installation will take place over the next two years. that permit researchers to operate instruments remotely and receive data at their home laboratories anywhere on the globe in real-time. These facilities extend and complement other research platforms and programs, whether currently operating or planned for future deployment.

!1 Ocean Networks Canada’s vision is to be a world-leading organization supporting ocean discovery and technological innovation, and the mission is to enable transformative ocean observatory research for the advancement of science and technology and for the benefit of Canada. With an operational life of more than 25 years, Ocean Networks Canada provides essential data required to address pressing scientific and policy issues. The innovative cabled infrastructure of NEPTUNE and VENUS supplies continuous power and Internet connectivity to a broad suite of subsea instruments from coastal to deep-ocean environments. The observatories are a crucial investment for Canada and unique on the global stage because the fixed infrastructure makes these data available, free and in real-time, from hundreds of instruments distributed across the most diverse ocean environments found anywhere on Earth. Ocean Networks Canada is especially well suited to support research that requires continuous data collection from a diverse array of ocean parameters over long time periods because of their pivotal role in enabling a more complete understanding of ocean and Earth processes. Real-time flow of data to on-shore laboratories and data centres permits rapid analysis of information on natural hazards such as earthquakes, tsunamis, storm surge, and underwater landslides. Because the cabled infrastructure is fixed on the seafloor, observatory data collection is being complemented with ever more sophisticated platforms such as gliders, unmanned undersea and aerial vehicles, and remotely-located observatories. NEPTUNE and VENUS share the same data management and archive system called Oceans 2.0. It provides users with open access to real-time and archived data and supports a collaborative work environment. The University of Saskatchewan hosts the observatories’ data backup system, which collects over 80 terabytes per year. In 2009, Ocean Networks Canada was awarded funds to establish a Federal Centre of Excellence for Commercialization and Research—the ONC Centre for Enterprise and Engagement recently renamed the ONC Innovation Centre—to develop the commercial and outreach opportunities created by the subsea networks. In FY13/14, ONC was awarded a renewal under this program. In 2012, Ocean Networks Canada installed an ocean observatory offshore of Cambridge Bay, Nunavut. It provides year round continuous undersea monitoring of this northern environment. Its purpose is to offer science-based support for greater understanding and protection of fragile arctic marine ecosystems. As with the larger observatories to the south, data streaming from the instruments are also used for educational and community benefit.

Smart Oceans BC, recently funded by Western Economic Diversification ($9.1M) and in partnership with IBM Canada ($11.2M), represents the next phase in the world-class Ocean Networks Canada system that will position Canada as a global leader in ocean technology that delivers science and information for good ocean management and responsible ocean use. Ocean Networks Canada was also recently awarded a CANARIE grant to develop faster event detection and enable a mobile Oceans 2.0 for use in geographically remote sensor locations that will also enhance the capacity to deliver on Smart Oceans BC. Smart Oceans BC will combine existing and new marine sensing technology with its powerful data management system, Oceans 2.0, so that coastal and offshore areas of Canada, particularly those locations slated for economic development, which should be managed safely, following environmentally sound approaches.

!2 The overall goals of Smart Oceans BC are as follows: • Contribute to implementation of a world-class marine safety system; • Deliver a world-class ocean area management system on Canada’s west coast; • Support current provincial, federal and First Nations priorities; and • Drive new economic benefit for Canada. Smart Oceans BC will include an expanded network of infrastructure for: • Marine safety by monitoring and providing alerts on sea state and ship traffic; • Public safety through natural hazard warning for earthquake ground-shaking, underwater landslides, and near-field tsunamis using NEPTUNE and VENUS proven advanced sensing technologies; and • Environmental protection by gaining a baseline of critical areas – information necessary for science-based decision-making – and providing real-time environmental observations for managing operations and accidents should they occur. Once completed, the system would include online and real-time management portals to industry, government, and local stakeholders for preventing accidents, responding to situations as they arise, predicting and warning of natural hazards, and overall marine operational situational awareness. One of the key new technologies, already operational on VENUS, is high frequency coastal RADAR that, combined with existing and other sensors, would detect changes to the sea surface, such as from ship accidents, oil spills, storm surge, and tsunamis. This comprehensive concept is the first of its kind and would harness Canadian technologies by bringing together Ocean Networks Canada’s advances in ocean analytics, observatory infrastructure and sensor technologies. The Smart Oceans BC footprint will cover areas critical to British Columbia’s economic future including the: • Port of Metro Vancouver; • proposed oil and gas export facilities located at Campbell River, Port Alberni, Kitimat and Douglas Channel waterways; and the Port of Prince Rupert; and •associated shipping routes to the high seas. The project also provides expanded coverage for specific maritime risks such as earthquakes and tsunamis that can have devastating impacts on public safety, but also on economically important coastal infrastructure and industries, shipping and port facilities, in addition to the public and other industries.

All of these systems will use Oceans 2.0 and high speed, real-time analytics to monitor the hundreds of sensors. Advanced models need to be run on high performance computer systems that will be contributed to Smart Oceans BC by IBM Canada. This annual program plan for FY14 /15 describes the cash expenditures (Table 1) and sets out the management priorities, goals, activities, budget allocations, and metrics for evaluating these activities. The plan reflects Ocean Networks’ focus on supporting and growing the user community, providing a reliable national research facility, innovation, engaging the wide stakeholder communities, and commercializing the advanced know-how and technologies of ONC through its Innovation Centre.

!3 Table 1. FY14/15 Cash Budget for CFI-MSI.

Category First Quarter Budget FY14/15 Forecast

Personnel

Administrative $ 252,222 $ 1,085,390

Scientific support $ 459,244 $ 1,836,976

Technical support $ 1,003,077 $ 4,012,310

Other (CTO) $ 158,600 $ 272,000

Personnel Total $ 1,873,143 $ 7,206,676

Maintenance & Repairs

Service contracts

NAZ $ 57,500 $ 230,000

Cable Storage $ 5,625 $ 22,500

Alcatel Technical Assistance $ 38,519 $ 154,077

Alcatel Testing - $ 30,000

Replacement parts

Scientific Packages $ 1,619,000 $ 1,619,000

Cables/Nodes/JB - $ 372,600

Shore Station Equipment $ 7,550 $ 30,200

Extraordinary Maintenance - $ 300,000

Minor upgrades

DI Servers Media Software $ 25,698 $ 205,580 Licences

Office Software $ 1,875 $ 15,000

Office Computers $ 7,500 $ 60,000

Other

Ship/ROV $ 1,283,000 $ 2,632,667

PASS UPS , HVAC, 48V Supply $ 4,616 $ 18,463 Maintenance

Fire Extinguisher, PASS General $ 15,226 $ 60,905 Maintenance

!4 Category First Quarter Budget FY14/15 Forecast

Marine Technology Centre $ 1,250 $ 5,000 Maintenance

Maintenance & Repairs Total $ 3,067,359 $ 5,755,992

Services

Consultants $ 53,500 $ 214,000

Custodial services $ 12,500 $ 50,000

Fees, licenses, permits $ 7,601 $ 30,404

Insurance $ 175,912 $ 703,647

PASS Security $ 6,765 $ 27,060

Telecommunications

Phone Equipment $ 10,000 $ 40,000

Network Connectivity $ 25,079 $ 100,314

Utilities $ 13,500 $ 54,000

Services Total $ 304,857 $ 1,219,425

Facility Supplies

Supplies $ 12,750 $ 51,000

Facilities Supplies Total $ 12,750 $ 51,000

General Administration

Administrative supplies $ 12,500 $ 50,000

Committee meetings $ 21,125 $ 169,000

Communications $ 33,125 $ 132,500

Outreach

Conferences $ 16,250 $ 130,000

Individual Travel $ 9,250 $ 74,000

Workshops $ 12,500 $ 120,000

General Administration Total $ 104,750 $ 675,500

Other

Travel to maintain infrastructure $ 10,504 $ 42,016

!5 Category First Quarter Budget FY14/15 Forecast

Ongoing training $ 4,125 $ 33,000

Total Other $ 14,629 $ 75,016

Grand Total $ 5,377,488 $ 14,983,609

Ocean Networks Canada Governance As steward for a major subsea observatory that enables frontier research in ocean and earth sciences, Ocean Networks Canada has developed, over time, a comprehensive governance and management system tailored to nurture and protect its assets, foster partnerships, and enhance the research outcomes and impacts. The Board of Directors meets four times a year for full day meetings, one of which is combined with a full day strategic planning session. The Board is comprised of 16 nationally recognized leaders drawn from across Canada and from the academic, government and private sectors. Membership is structured to include individuals with extensive experience with ocean issues from key stakeholder communities: academia, and the public and private sectors. The Board has three standing Committees responsible for Governance and Human Resources, Finance and Audit, and Public Policy. The major duties of the Board include determining all policies, approving the strategic and management plans, oversight of the operations, approval of the budget, monitoring performance, and fund raising. The mandate of Ocean Networks Canada is to:

• facilitate national and international research on the subsea observatory currently existing and such future arrays as may be installed that are within the scope of VENUS and NEPTUNE;

• promote other oceans-related research as may seem appropriate to the Society’s Directors and to enhance oceans-based research capacity at the University of Victoria and at the pan- Canadian partner universities;

• promote public engagement related to the Society’s research projects and disseminate the results of oceans-based research;

• cooperate with national and international research organizations with similar interests; • promote the cooperation of academic, governmental and industry bodies in the furtherance of ocean research;

• apply for grants and conduct fund-raising projects related to oceans’ research to observatory development and operations;

• acquire and hold property, both real and personal, for the furtherance of the purposes of the Society; and

• conduct related activities that will promote the purposes of the Society such as the members and directors may determine from time to time. The Board of Directors interacts with the University through the Joint Monitoring Committee. This Committee’s mandate is to ensure sufficient communication between the University and ONC with respect to the operation of the VENUS and NEPTUNE. JMC membership includes the University Vice

!6 Presidents of Research and Finance, ONC Board chair, and the ONC President. The Joint Monitoring Committee: • ensures a shared understanding between the University and ONC; • reviews, prior to submission to the University Board of Governors, ONC proposals for capital improvements; • reviews prior to submission to the University Board of Governors, the annual capital and operating budgets; • reviews, prior to the submission to the University Board of Governors, ONC’s annual report concerning the management, operations and use of, and the activities at, the VENUS and NEPTUNE; and • resolves concerns and disputes between the University and ONC concerning management. The International Science Advisory Board meets twice per year and includes members drawn from the international ocean science community (currently from U.S., U.K., Japan, Australia, China and Canada). The International Science Advisory Board provides strategic advice and guidance to help ensure that ONC achieves its research vision, mission and goals. The International Science Advisory Board makes recommendations on science priorities in the context of national and international research agendas; advises on technical and policy issues; reviews the impacts of ONC research; future developments required to maintain the scientific and technical quality and productivity of the research sustained by the observatory at the highest possible level; assessing the breadth, research stature and number of users, including engagement of international researchers; and identifying opportunities for innovation in the observatory. NEPTUNE and VENUS merged the previous committees —NEPTUNE Science Planning, NEPTUNE Users, and VENUS Users Advisory — into a single advisory, the Ocean Observatory Council. This Council meets multiple times each year to advise on the five year science plan; set data and technology requirements; establish instrument deployment priorities; review experiment progress; and assess policies and practices. Ocean Networks Canada Management Senior management responsibility for ONC is vested with the ONC President and CEO. The User Engagement, Observatory Operations, and Ocean Innovation Directors and the Chief Finance and Administration Officer (CFAO) report to the President and comprise the ONC Executive. The Executive team is responsible for leading the implementation and achievement of ONC’s management priorities in pursuit of fulfilling the strategic goals of the organization as set out in an ONC Strategic and Management Plan. The President reports to the Chair of the Board of Directors of the Ocean Networks Canada Society, and provides the vision, strategic direction and leadership to achieve the scientific and societal goals of ONC. The Director of User Engagement manages the Science and User Services Divisions that support the primary science users of NEPTUNE and VENUS, as well as other stakeholders, such as citizen scientists, industry, and government users. Central to the support of the scientific community is Science Services with a team of six Staff Scientists who directly engage with Canadian, U.S., and other international scientists who use NEPTUNE and/or VENUS sensors and data.

!7 The Observatory Operations Director oversees the two major operational groups that deliver these services: Marine Operations and Digital Infrastructure Divisions. These groups operate and maintain all of ONC facilities. The CFAO provides overall direction and administration of internal and external financial and administrative matters to support the programs and other strategic objectives of Ocean Networks Canada. The Director, Ocean Innovation oversees Ocean Networks Canada’s Innovation Centre,which supports commercialization of observatory technologies and education and public engagement. User Engagement Ocean Networks Canada’s User Engagement Division is responsible for supporting and growing scientific and other user communities through communications and instruction efforts, development of data products, on-going support for active experiments, and direct support for new and ongoing user research initiatives. The total User Engagement budget (Table 2) is assigned to the Director, Science and User Engagement.

Table 2. FY 14/15 Cash Budget ($530,000) for User Engagement operations and maintenance of Ocean Networks Canada observatories user community engagement.

Category Science Services User Services

Personnel

Other (CTO) $ 20,000 $ 20,000

Services

Consultants $ 16,000

Facility Supplies

Supplies $ 11,000

General Administration

Advisory meetings $ 50,000

Communications $ 132,500

Outreach

Conferences $ 130,000

Individual Travel $ 20,000 $ 20,000

Workshops $ 100,000

Other

Ongoing training $ 3,000 $ 7,500

User Engagement Total $ 350,000 $ 180,000 !

!8 The ONC Director Science and User Engagement oversees all aspects of user engagement including the Science and User Services subdivisions. With the exception of Compensatory Time Off (CTO), the personnel budget for these groups is managed by the CFAO. CTO covers the cost of overtime, primarily accumulated during field operations associated with support, service and maintenance of observatory infrastructure. The budget is based on historical CTO from previous years and distributed evenly between the two subdivisions. Services (consultants) are budgeted for two visiting scientists at $16,000. The advisory meetings budget covers travel for international advisory committee members, staff, and guests for the new Ocean Networks Canada Ocean Observatory Council. Council members are also expected to participate in the June meetings of the International Science Advisory Board. The communications category is budgeted to cover costs divided into three broad categories: (1) Web development; (2) science communications and outreach; and (3) education support, whose major initiatives are described as follows. Web development includes ongoing improvements to the main ONC web site and research and design for a new data portal that integrates the former NEPTUNE and VENUS interfaces ($34,500). Science communications and outreach support includes museum and partnership development, conference and marketing materials, iBooks and other digital media and video production ($84,000). Education support includes the development of print and web resources for teachers, support for the national student group, presentation of two major events, PowerUp! (career development for undergrads) and the Ocean Science Symposium (ocean science for senior high school students and teachers) and support for the Ship2Shore program. Note that the education support component is a new addition to User Services in FY14/15, having been funded through CECR in previous years. Conference travel ($130,000) is for the entire corporation (including User Engagement and Operations), and includes the many symposia, workshops, and meetings where ONC staff and users present results, promote access, and identify new opportunities. Workshop costs ($100,000) are budgeted to cover science-focused themed workshops (see details below in the User Engagement section) hosted by ONC at the University of Victoria, and at national and international venues. Workshop costs include travel for participants (staff and users) and venue expenses. Workshops range from $2,000 (local) to $30,000 (east coast or international). The outreach travel budget category covers travel related to science and user engagement support outside of conference and workshop travel. A modest training budget is allocated for support staff professional development. These funds will be used to supplement PEA professional development for training related to facility operations and maintenance. User Engagement Cycle Management and coordination of user support efforts across the division will be structured around a comprehensive User Engagement Cycle. The level of support, resources, and service that any one group, or community of users requires within any given year depends very much on the stage of their involvement and the status of their project(s) with ONC. The User Engagement Cycle assists in a cost-benefit analysis to determine the priorities of activities in this plan. The six stages are: • Initial contact: of new users, or new users contacting ONC; • Planning: Identify support and services activities, define goals, or prepare proposals; • Develop: build and test new tools, products, and services to facilitate user success; • Deploy: install tools and/or products, and provide the daily support for on-line projects; • Analyze: assess how well the services have been meeting the goals; and

!9 • Results: presentations and publications, and next steps determined. In general, conferences and symposia are key venues for establishing first contact, but are also essential for growing and maintaining a user/stakeholder base in all subsequent stages represented by the first through the fifth bullet. Workshops are an essential tool during the planning, deployment, and analysis stages of both individual projects and entire science themes. Note that some projects will enter this cycle at later stages; for example, a research project based on the analyses of existing data will bypass stages 1-4. The following plan uses this framework to identify and prioritize the user engagement activities for FY14/15. Science Services 1. Maintain a steady growth in the number of publications, theses, and stakeholder results generated using ONC resources. Each Staff Scientist will engage and support their user communities to generate at least three peer reviewed publications, one thesis, and at least five user presentations at major conferences. 2. Ensure active users are receiving sufficient support and services to achieve their research objectives. Increase the successful number of data deliveries to the science community, increase the number of user requested data products available, and increase the level of user satisfaction in the annual user survey. Increase the number of proposals submitted and funded to utilize ONC resources. Bring the Saanich Inlet Buoy Profiling System on-line and deliver preliminary data products from this system to the user community. 3. Maintain a steady growth of new users and stakeholders accessing ONC resources. Increase the number of new and active users by 15%. 4. Minimize user interruptions during VENUS and NEPTUNE Canada data portal integration. Maintain and improve data delivery and access services during the development of a unified ONC website data portal. 5. Continue coordinated development of new observatory systems for installation at the Endeavour hot-vent fields. Planning, development, and initial installation of the first components of a Canada Foundation for Innovation Leading Edge Fund supported expansion at Endeavour will continue in 2014/15, including a hydrothermal vent focussed workshop at Ifremer in November, 2014. Submit application for expanded instrumentation within the Endeavour Hydrothermal Vents Marine Protected Area to the Department of Fisheries and Oceans by July 15, 2014. 6. Execute specific observation programs to grow and engage the user community. Two ONC complementary field programs will be conducted: Dedicated field operations to validate the Strait of Georgia CODAR and various sub-surface observations to support MEOPAR modelling and data assimilation efforts, and complete the plan and program logistics for a concentrated observing program in the Strait of Georgia during the June 2015 freshet. !

!10 The Ocean Networks Canada Science Plan focus on four science themes: • Theme 1: Understanding Human-Induced Change in the Northeast Pacific Ocean; • Theme 2: Life in the Northeast Pacific Ocean and Salish Sea; • Theme 3: Interconnections Among the Seafloor, Ocean, and Atmosphere; and • Theme 4:Seafloor and Sediment in Motion. The Associate Director – Science Services and Staff Scientists lead ONC efforts to support priority science activities consistent with ONC’s Strategic Science Plan. This team will provide direct and continuing support to the scientists advancing research in focused themes (Table 3).

Table 3. Scientist groups supported by activity and theme.

Activity & Participants FY14/15 ONC Activities Theme

Ocean Acoustics John Ford, Harold Yurk, Access to newly deployed hydrophones arrays, live Svein Vagle, George and archive audio data. Improve and coordinate Supports Tzanetakis, Michel common data products from all hydrophones, research in André, Kristen Kanes, including spectrograms and annotation libraries. themes 1, 2 & 3 Ross Chapman, Laurent Integration of AIS information and database on Guillon, Sarika Cullis- ships that came online in 2013. Suzuki, Hervé Glotin, Peter Driessen

Low Oxygen Verena Tunnicliffe, Frank Access to both bottom and water column data Environments Whitney, Paul Snelgrove, streams in both Saanich Inlet and Barkley Canyon. Marjolaine Matabos, Linking observed changes and circulations from Supports Roberta Hamme, Steven multiple sites and mobile systems (i.e. Gliders) to research in Hallam, Philippe Tortell better understand changes in oxygen. themes 1, 2 & 3

Deep and Mid- Roberta Hamme, Frank Continuous access to live and archived data in both Water Renewal Whitney, Rich Pawlowicz, Saanich Inlet and the Strait of Georgia, dissolved Dianne Masson, Philippe oxygen, temperature, salinity, currents. Addition of Supports Tortell, Jody Klymak Glider and mobile observations in FY14/15. The research in Buoy Profiler Station in Saanich Inlet will come on- theme 3 line in FY14/15, greatly aiding these studies.

Delta Dynamics, Gwyn Lintern, Phil Hill, Suite of near bottom measurements, harsh Slope Stability, Alex Hay, Korhan Ayranci environment. Begin analysis of Seismic Liquefaction Sediment In situ Penetrometer (SLIP) data in early 2014 Transport (installed March 2014). Supports research in theme 4

!11 Activity & Participants FY14/15 ONC Activities Theme

Primary & Angelica Pena, Susan Echo-sounder profiles, BC Ferry measurements, Secondary Allen, John Dower, Dave chlorophyll, remote sensing/satellite imagery, Productivity Mackas, Maycira Costa, Marine Environmental Observation Prediction and Rich Pawlowicz, Response Network model development started in Supports Stéphane Gauthier 2013 research in theme 2

Circulation, Rich Pawlowicz, Jody New Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP), Tides, Boundary Klymak, Alex Hay, Len Coastal RADAR, COVIS, and Bottom Boundary Layer Layers, & Zedel, Rick Thomson, platform, with other current measurements. Estuarine Keith Thompson, Charles Observations from many ONC systems will be Dynamics Hannah integrated into the data assimilation efforts of MEOPAR. Supports research in theme 3

Biogeochemical Roberta Hamme, Jay New CO2, pH, temperature, salinity, alkalinity, nitrate Cyles Cullen, Debbie Ianson, measurements, Buoy Profiler data, and use of the Philippe Tortell, Steve Environmental Sample Processor, water sample Supports Hallam, Lisa Miller, Craig analyses. research in McNeil themes 2 & 3

Modelling & Keith Thompson, Doug For tsunamis and circulation models (in Simulation Wallace, Mike Foreman, collaboration with the Marine Environmental Diane Masson, Angelica Observation Prediction and Response Network), Supports Pena, Susan Allen, Rick multiple ONC sensor data for model validation, data research in Thomson, Jodef assimilation, verification themes 1, 2, 3 & Cherniawsky 4

Computer Vision Alexandra Branzan Albu, Automated analysis of video data and imagery, & Data Trevor Beugeling, Herb visualization of Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler Visualization Yang, Timothy Yau, Tom data and other complex multi-dimensional data, 3D Kwasnitschka reconstruction. Use of existing visual data and Supports related environmental data, photogrammetric research in survey during 2014 cruise. themes 1, 2, 3 & 4

!12 Activity & Participants FY14/15 ONC Activities Theme

"Big data" Yvonne Coady, Aaron Machine learning for model validation, data mining Processing, Gulliver, Celina Berg for event detection, adaptation of existing Parallel techniques to use massively parallel computing Computing, Data resources. Access to archived and (potentially) real- Mining time data Supports research in themes 1, 2, 3 & 4

Deep Sea Philippe Archambault, Continued access to cameras, remote sampling Ecology Anna Metaxas, Paul (sediment trap, plankton pump, RAS, BARS), and (including Snelgrove, Rénald Belley, event detection across the Endeavour and slope submarine Jacopo Aguzzi, Carol sites. New Nikon camera system deployment in canyon) Doya, Marjolaine 2014, and recover of enrichment experiment. Matabos, Andrew Supports Thurber, Lisa Lavin, research in Andrew Sweetman, themes 2 & 3 Daniel Jones, Craig Smith, Adrian Glover, Thomas Dahlgren, Eva Ramirez-Llodra,Tim O'Hara, Derek Tittensor, Maria Baker, Sara Minks, Nick Higgs, Bhavani Narayanaswamy, Agathe Laes-Huon, Pierre-Marie Sarradin, Josee Sarazzin, Verena Tunnicliffe

Coastal Marine Sally Leys, BC Museum, Continued access to cameras, sediment traps, and Organisms Diana Varela, Vera water samples. Saanich Inlet, Strait of Georgia, and Pospelova Folger are key sites. Supports research in theme 2

!13 Activity & Participants FY14/15 ONC Activities Theme

Seismology, Garry Rogers, William Access to Bottom Pressure Recorders, seismometers tectonics & Wilcock, Rick Thomson, and borehole instruments, data streams to IRIS and tsunamis Bob Meldrum, Ele NOAA, download and ingestion of autonomous Willoughby, Earl Davis, instrument data, extension of seismometer network Supports Alexander Rabinovich, at Endeavour, installation of seafloor compliance research in Issac Fine, Ali Abdolali, gravimeter at Endeavour, event detection, web-site theme 4 Josef Cherniawsky, Jeff announcements, rapid response, P-wave detection McGuire, John Collins, David Chadwell, Bill Chadwick, Kelin Wang, Andreas Rosenberger

Subseafloor Earl Davis, Bob Meldrum, Acquisition and Access to scalar (conductivity, Hydrology Kier Becker temperature, pressure, flow, CH4, turbidity) and complex sub-bottom data for sediment/water Supports exchange studies. research in themes 3 & 4

Gas Hydrates Earl Davis, George Access to scalar (conductivity, temperature, Spence, Laurenz pressure, currents, CH4, turbidity, fluorescence) and Supports Thomsen, Michael complex (seismic, sonar, video, controlled sources research in Hofbauer, Autun Purser, electromagnetics, gravity) data, live video data, themes 3 & 4 Michael Riedel, Ele physical samples, new Wally replacement in May Willoughby, Nigel 2014. Edwards, Ross Chapman, Laura Lapham, Marion Jegen, Katrin Schwalenberg, Miriam Römer, Jens Greinert

Wave Climate, Brad Buckham, David Analysis of bottom pressure records and ADCP Storms & Wave Atkinson, Gwyn Lintern, currents for storm and wave analysis. Newly Energy Earl Davis, Rick proposed WERA HF Radar system for surface wave Thomson, Bill Crawford, and current monitoring. Supports Johannes Gemmrich research in themes 1 & 3

!14 Activity & Participants FY14/15 ONC Activities Theme

Sensor Work with ONC’s Testing commercial pH and pCO2 sensors for proof Development Innovation Centre and of application on cabled observatories. Evaluation of partner companies sea ice thickness sensor and associated marine Supports water quality sensors for Arctic cabled observatory research in applications themes 1, 2, 3 & 4

Autonomous Adam Zielinski, Li Zhou, Wally telemetry, sonar data, future development for Vehicle Sue Whitesides, Laurenz “flying Wally”; testing of glider on VENUS Navigation & Thomsen Localization Supports research in themes 1, 2, 3 & 4

Hydrothermal & Marv Lillley, Eric Olson, Re-install suite of sensors, samplers, and new Ridge Processes Dave Butterfield, seismometers to understand the tectonic and Laurence Coogan, magmatic impacts on biogeochemical and Supports Timothy Crone, Daniella hydrological processes, fluxes, and overlying ocean, research in DiIorio, Kathy Gillis, Chris develop and install new scintillation system for MEF. themes 2, 3 & 4 German, Willima Seyfried, Kang Ding, Karen Bemis

Chemosynthetic Jozée Sarrazin, Pierre- Video data, remote sampling, chemical data, Ecosystems Marie Sarradin, Laurenz physical data. Continue studies with TEMPO-mini Thomsen, Daphné (deployment 2013), and new Nikon camera system Supports Cuvelier, Ray Lee, deployment 2014 research in Marjolaine Matabos, themes 2 & 3 Casey Hubert

Cycling of Mairi Best, Laurenz Recover and shell and wood from hydrate mounds Biogenic Carbon Thomsen, Dirk de Beer, for shore-based analyses. Deploy whale bone & Carbonate Debby Ianson, Craig experiment in 2014. Smith Supports research in themes 1, 2 & 3

!15 Activity & Participants FY14/15 ONC Activities Theme

Mobile Systems, Rich Pawlowicz, Jody Increased access and use of new mobile platforms, Remote Sensing, Klymak, Stephanie primarily ocean gliders and BC Ferries, with the & Gliders Waterman, Keith development of mission tools, data handling, and Thompson, Brad de data access. Satellite images and ground-truthing. Supports Young, Susan Allen, research in Maycira Costa, themes 2 & 3 Emmanuel Devred

Coastal Arctic Diana Varela, Philippe Expand underwater sensor suite at Cambridge Bay Observatory Archambault, CF Mundy, observatory to enable modeling of gas and nitrate Program Maurice Levasseur fluxes under ice cover. Prepare pilot study using 2012-2014 data. Supports research in themes 1, 2 & 3

Support to Key Audiences and Initiatives for FY14/15 VENUS Leading Edge Fund Community: New systems coming on-line in FY14/15 include a second Slocum Glider, the Buoy Profiling System, additional CODAR, and new BC Ferry routes. The user communities waiting for these data and research opportunities will need to be activity engaged, with user participation in system evaluation and data product development. Early results from FY13/14 have identified the need for improved data checks, sensor cleaning, improved instrument locating, and the need for cross-validation and calibration. Endeavour Expansion Community: The new CFI/LEF award to Laurence Coogan and team will need additional meetings in FY14/15 to refine the objectives and budget, and initiate the installation plan, and submit a detailed request to DFO for permission to install additional instruments in the Endeavour Marine Protected Area.. Endeavour and Monitoring the Mid-Atlantic Ridge (MoMAR) Workshop: A dedicated workshop is scheduled for November 2014 at Ifremer (France) with a focus on activities and installations at both Endeavour (ONC) and MoMAR (Monitoring the Mid-Atlantic Ridge). This will be a joint workshop co- sponsored by both Ifremer and ONC. Seafloor Geodesy: The installation of a borehole tiltmeter in IODP Hole U1364A which was funded through the KECK foundation in 2015 is eagerly awaited by the seismology and tectonics community. Hydrate Fields: A revitalized Wally along with sonars for localization will be deployed in May 2014, and a growing international attention to hydrate deposits makes this a priority site/initiative in FY14/15. Folger Community: Data have been flowing for 3 years. A workshop bringing together researchers was held at the University of Victoria in 2013. Research includes wave energy development, storm effects, management of a marine protected area (Folger Pinnacle is in a rockfish conservation area), coastal ecology and fisheries. A new outreach camera system will be deployed in summer 2014.

!16 Barkley Canyon/Slope Circulation: Recent observations of current in Barkley Canyon have broadened interest in the dynamics of this region. Both up and down axis currents have been observed, as well as along slope current above the canyon ridge. In addition, the August-September 2013 Falkor cruise produced a wealth of new data that will add to our understanding of physical and biological processes in Barkley Canyon. A new long-range Acoustic Doppler (2) Current Profiler instrument is being considered for installation at the 1000m depth station, with the promise of full water column current measurements. A keen group of oceanographers have requested that we pursue this installation on the May 2014 cruise. PICES – North Pacific Marine Science Organization: For the next international Annual General Meeting of PICES (November 2014), ONC proposed and was selected to host a workshop to assess coordinated large basin scale (North Pacific) experiments and programs utilizing all available network and regional resources. ONC will run a major 1.5 day workshop at this meeting with the objectives of establishing international collaborations that will combine ONC assets with observing systems operated by other North Pacific nations. INDEEP: A dedicated workshop is planned in early FY14/15 (April 23-25, 2014) to gather the INDEEP group (International Network for Scientific Investigation of Deep Sea Ecosystems) at ONC. The workshop has 5 main objectives: 1. Introduce ONC’s (NEPTUNE) infrastructure to the INDEEP research community. 2. Present ONC’s current research themes. 3. Learn about INDEEP’s research goals and current initiatives, and about how ONC’s infrastructure can help INDEEP to achieve those research goals 4. Discuss ship and ROV funding options for sampling and experimental deployments at NEPTUNE observatory sites. 5. Plan possible integration of databases and educational/outreach initiatives. Arctic Community: Continued engagement of the school/classes/community in Cambridge Bay, to take ownership of the measurements and signals from the CB array of sensors. Computer Vision Community: The computer science and computer vision community has been identified as having high potential for rapid data use and production of results in FY14/15. An international workshop will be held in conjunction with the International Conference on Pattern Recognition in Stockholm, Sweden on August 24, 2014. This workshop will include a program of peer-reviewed papers and invited speakers, bringing together leading experts in the field.

Strait of Georgia Experiment 2015: A workshop held in January 2014 at the University of British Columbia brought together over 40 researchers studying processes in the Strait. It was agreed that a concentrated experiment in June 2015 should be coordinated, harnessing all of the ONC assets located there as well as multiple ships and vessels conducting dedicated profiling and sampling during the Fraser River freshet (June 2015). Mill Bay/Brentwood College mini-Observatory: The ocean observatory previously installed in Mill Bay in collaboration with Brentwood College will be re-installed in 2014, and the data and information will be integrated into a series of outreach and education opportunities. In addition, the proximity of the Brentwood College Observatory to Victoria permits the use of the facility for demonstrations and site visits for the development of a broader mini-observatory program in BC waters.

Acoustics on Observatories: There is a growing awareness that cabled ocean observatories are particularly well suited for both active and passive acoustic monitoring. Ground work in FY13/14 has

!17 galvanized a coherent community interest in expanding regional hydrophone measurements, and coordinating both hydrophone calibration and data archiving. ONC is playing a leading role in coordinating this broad community-based interest with installations along the entire length of BC coast. Smart Oceans BC: A series of new installations and observations are planned for installation from 2014 through 16, as part of a new initiative called Smart Oceans BC. The over-arching objectives are to provide increased knowledge and skill in understanding and forecasting a wide range of marine conditions and notifications associated with tsunamis, storm surges, sea state, navigational aids, oil spill response, and integrated marine health monitoring. In addition to direct observations, the program has an integrated modelling and analytics component using new computing resources. Activities in FY14/15 will include the science advice on the first installations, and contributing to modelling priorities, site surveys, and system evaluations along the entire BC coastline. User Services Three teams comprise User Services: Data, Communications, and Learning. The User Services division delivers key products and services to support science and outreach initiatives across the organization. The Data team prepares user requirements for new data products and data access, creates prototypes of data products, implements data quality measures, and actively interacts with Staff Scientists, Business Development Officers, engineers, managers and user community members to improve Ocean Networks Canada’s data product delivery. In FY 14/15, the Data team will focus on the following major goals: • Creation of new data products as required to support observatory expansion, including the introduction mobile assets and autonomous instruments. • Ongoing improvement of data quality assurance/quality control measures. • Introduction of the Data Product Initiation Matrix team to consolidate prioritization of software development efforts to best serve the user community. • Continued development of web services for direct delivery of data to power users and partner institutions.

• Development of a combined data portal for all observatory data with a focus on scientific users. • Host a Data Workshop to bring together user community representatives and industry experts with internal staff to refine design for the combined data portal. • Creation of pre-packaged datasets targeted to educational users. • Design of a data visualization portal incorporating existing tools and new tools which will permit browsing and visualization of all simple and complex datasets. The Communications team supports all internal and external communications activities across the organization. Examples of ongoing activities of the communication team include: • development of communications materials for workshops and meetings (booth banners, materials, handouts, etc.); • maintenance and design of ONC website; website content management;

!18 • co-ordination of cruise communications; • organization, creation and distribution of videos, photos, and images for use in a wide range of venues, including online; • authoring of press releases and media backgrounders, co-ordination of press events, and collaboration with university communications; • development of materials for informal education including museums and outreach; • compiling and managing user community statistics and user engagement metrics; • maintaining ONC’s social media presence; • generating scientific highlight summaries and current ocean issue pieces for public audiences; • collating and distributing monthly newsletter and weekly internal bulletin; and • co-ordination of logistics for workshops and conferences. In addition to ongoing communication needs, the following major new initiatives will be undertaken in FY14/15: • Booth presence and/or user workshops at major conferences including Canadian Meteorological & Oceanographic Society CMOS2014 (Rimouski, QC, 1-5 June 2014), MTS/IEEE Oceans’14 (St. John’s, NL, 14-19 September), American Geophysical Union AGU2014 (San Francisco, CA, 15-19 December 2014) • Launch of a short documentary film at selected film festivals, starting with the Salish Sea Film Festival (May 1, 2014) • Creation of a Strait of Georgia iBook together with the Vancouver Aquarium and installation of a mock node in the SoG tank at the Aquarium; further development of VanAqua/ONC partnership. • Marketing and sales of Ocean Networks Canada branded clothing and products together with the the University of Victoria Bookstore. • Implementation of an ONC-wide Customer Relationship Management and metrics tracking system. The Learning team supports the development of informal and formal educational resources to engage K-12 and undergraduate students with ONC data and scientific results. Their activities include the development of lesson plans and materials, participation at educational conferences, and presentations for classrooms and the public. The Learning team also leads endeavours to promote ocean literacy to students and the general public. Major Learning initiatives for FY14/15: • Development of an educational program in support of Community-based mini-observatories. The program will be run as a proof of concept using the Cambridge Bay mini-observatory and the Brentwood College mini-observatory starting September, 2014. Additional funding support will be sought in support of this expanding commitment. • Launch of an on-line educational resource with OpenSchoolsBC; further development of on- line courses and educational resources. • Further development of the Ship2Shore program to engage teachers and students in ONC cruises. • Continued support of the the University of Victoria Ocean Students Society and its national counterpart. • Facilitate PowerUp! Workshop 2014 (career development for undergrads). • Facilitate Ocean Science Symposium 2014 (ocean science for senior high school students).

!19 • Expand integration of ONC data into K-12 and undergraduate classrooms across Canada and internationally. Observatory Operations The Observatory Operations Division is responsible for the maintenance and operation of the entire digital and marine infrastructure across the VENUS and NEPTUNE facilities. The ONC Director Observatory Observations oversees the Division. The total budget assigned to the Director– Observatory Observations is $5,761,917 (Table 4). With the exception of Compensatory Time Off (CTO), the budget for the staff in the Operations Division is managed by the CFAO. CTO covers the cost of overtime, primarily on cruises. The budget is based on historical CTO from previous years. The Service contracts budget covers the costs of ONC’s participation in the North American Zone cable ship consortium that provides us access to the C/S Wave Venture for primary infrastructure repairs, the costs to store replacement cables and a support contract with ALCATEL for the NEPTUNE sub-sea infrastructure. Replacement parts include: scientific package maintenance and repair ($1,619,000); cable, node and junction box maintenance and repair ($372,600); and replacement equipment at the shore stations ($30,200). Minor upgrades are budgeted for digital infrastructure servers, media and software. The Other budget category includes: • Ship time and Remotely Operated Vehicle services ($2,632,667); and • Shore station power and HVAC maintenance ($18,463). Consultants are budgeted to support special engineering and technical expertise, including primary infrastructure knowledge, telecommunication cable, fibre-optics, and special ocean instrument applications. This budget is based on historical requirements. The telecommunications budget covers the cost of ONC’s network connectivity. Travel costs are budgeted for engineers and technical staff to participate in training session, workshops and conferences.

Table 4. FY 14/15 Cash Budget ($5,761,917) for Observatory Operations

Category Marine Operations Digital Infrastructure

Personnel

Other (CTO) $ 40,000 $ 15,000

Maintenance & Repairs

Service Contracts $ 282,500 $ 154,077

Replacement Parts $ 1,991,600 $ 30,200

Minor Upgrades $ 205,580

!20 Category Marine Operations Digital Infrastructure

Other $ 2,632,667 $ 18,463

Services

Consultants $ 135,500 $ 2,500

Telecommunications $ 100,314

Supplies $ 40,000

General Administration

Committee Meetings $ 24,000

Divisional Travel $ 10,000 $ 24,000

Other

Travel to Maintain $ 30,122 $ 11,894

Ongoing Training $ 6,000 $ 7,500

Observatory Operations $ 5,168,389 $ 593,528 Total

Digital Infrastructure In FY 14/15, routine preventative maintenance and equipment upgrades are planned for all of the ONC Shore stations and the Digital Infrastructure data centres. Planned routine maintenance activities include uninterrupted power supplies and diesel generators, HVAC systems and specialized power supplies. Those costs are budgeted similarly to last year, with only inflation increases. Digital Infrastructure provides support for network connectivity services between the data centres and all shore stations and between the data centre and the Marine Technology Centre where the instruments are tested and prepared for deployment. DI will also support the costs of Iridium satellite connectivity subscription for mobile assets such as gliders. The related costs will remain at essentially the same budget level as last year.

Digital Infrastructure will continue to use its staff to continuously improve data acquisition, storage and distribution tools and to maintain ONC at leading edge of technology. This will also include the maintenance and continuous improvement of the ONC web site. The Digital Infrastructure staff complement assigned to work on software related tasks under the MSI programme will be reduced by 1 FTE for this fiscal year, as detailed in the initial CFI submission. Digital Infrastructure will deliver new software features using funding provided by the ONC’s Innovation Centre and by CANARIE Inc. The total supplementary manpower tasked on the CANARIE ExPLORE project and on Innovation Centre work will amount to 3 full time equivalents during the period.

A 25% reduction in the cost of overtime pay out is also expected due to less cruise activities.

!21 Marine Operations In FY 14/15, Marine Operations will concentrate on maintenance of current systems, repairs of existing faults and the full analysis of all equipment failures. Three maintenance cruises plus various smaller expeditions are scheduled for the current facilities (VENUS, NEPTUNE, autonomous moorings, Brentwood College and Cambridge Bay). The focus of the MarOps team will be on increasing the success rate of new instrument deployments and improving efficiencies in all aspects of our operations. Preventative maintenance, repairs and calibrations A wide range of devices will be recovered from the seabed, inspected, maintained and calibrated: • Remote Access Water Sampler • Sediment Traps • Tempo Mini • Wally the Crawler • Gas Tension Device • 32 Conductivity, Temperature, and Depth instruments • 9 Oxygen Sensors • 5 Turbidity Sensors • 2 Chlorophyll Sensors • 15 Acoustic Doppler Current Profilers • 6 Acoustic Doppler Velocimeters • 9 Camera Systems Inspections and maintenance will be carried out on 16 to 18 instrument platforms. The Folger Pinnacle platform will be recovered once for the replacement of failed instruments and two diving operations are scheduled for the removal of bio-fouling. ONC has partnered with the Capital Regional District to install a series of five instrument moorings monitoring the waters near Victoria. The moorings are maintained and data downloaded by the Marine Operations team using the M/V Strickland every four months. We anticipate this program to continue through the next year. The Cambridge Bay Observatory has been a challenge due to its remote location, minimal available bandwidth for data transmission and harsh conditions. A team of two from Operations as well as outreach and science staff is expected to visit the site again this summer.

A request has been made to re-activate the Brentwood College Observatory. Operations will work with the various departments to get this observatory back on line over the summer. The following sensors, currently fitted on the BC Ferry Queen of Alberni, will be maintained every 8 weeks: • Conductivity and temperature • O2 • Chlorophyll • Coloured dissolved organic matter

• Turbidity

!22 In addition to on going measurements on the Queen of Alberni a new installation is underway on the Spirit of Vancouver Island with an identical suite of instruments. The Queen of Oak Bay will be in drydock in the fall of 2014 and we are anticipating a third installation during this drydock period. On going glider operations will continue in 2014 and we expect to take delivery of a second glider mid summer of 2014 with operations moving into the SOG. The Buoy Profiler System was installed in Saanich Inlet in the fall of 2013 and commissioning and testing has progressed. We anticipate it to be fully operational early summer 2014. The two HF coastal radars (CODAR) will be calibrated, which involves transporting a transponder over the water in large arcs around the two antennas. Existing Faults The following existing NEPTUNE faults will be addressed during FY14/15 maintenance cruises: • The connection to Regional Circulation Mooring–North is not operational. We did troubleshoot the failure in May of 2013 and discovered that the fault was neither the Junction Box nor the Node but appeared to be a problem with the termination can, connector or cable. A further check of the Node to Mothra Midpoint cable indicated that there was a similar failure on this cable. The 2014 May expedition has additional time added to cruise plans to cover various failure scenarios and recovery of at least one termination can: - Worst case is we have a design flaw / material failure in the Highland Technologies termination cans as there are 24 of these cans in the NEPTUNE system; and - Best case is we have two damaged cables that are shorted to seawater. • ONC continues to have electrical ground faults and noise at our seismometer locations. Although operational, there needs to be a focused effort on eliminating the electrical noise and determining the failure point in the system; • The Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler at Folger Pinnacle has failed and we anticipate recovery of the platform to replace this unit; • The piezometer at 1027 on the NEPTUNE facility failed shortly after deployment in 2011. The instrument was fabricated by IFREMER in France and we have agreed to attempt to recover this device in anticipation of determining the mode of failure; • The Vertical Profiler System on the NEPTUNE Canada facility had been operating in a degraded mode early in 2013. In April 2013 the instrument float was struck by a fishing trawler, severing the tether and setting the float adrift. The Marine Operations group has been working since last summer to get the instrument functioning properly. The VPS instrument is scheduled to be redeployed in May of 2014 with a new tether, repaired instrumentation, improved communication and mechanical upgrades; • Cables at both Cascadia Basin and Clayoquot Slope on NEPTUNE are fitted with Seaproof termination cans that have failed causing the ODI oil filled connection cables to drain their oil into the connecting cable. The resulting flat cable has minimal protection for the fibre optics inside. Plans for 2014 include preparing to replace these cables before they fail;

!23 • The Cambridge Bay hydrophone stopped functioning as temperatures continued to drop below manufactures test parameters and we are waiting until spring thaw to see if it recovers as temperatures increase. Failure Analyses Solutions for ongoing issues continue to be investigated in FY14/15: • The failure rate of cables is unacceptable with over 40% of all cable lays failing due to various issues. Some of these failures are clearly due to lack of proper design/review processes and short cuts taken to complete basic connections. The Marine Operations team is now conducting extensive studies and engaging professionals to find the optimum solutions prior to attempting any new cable lays; • The Plankton Pump built by a contractor in Europe for Dalhousie University and paid for by ONC was recovered in 2012 and has failed various design tests at MTC. Dalhousie University has requested ONC rebuild or replace the unit with one that meets and passes the test parameters; • The Bottom Pressure Recorder/tsunami array cables at Cascadia Basin failed during cable deployment. We anticipate testing in Quarter 1 a solution that would utilize the copper conductor in the two failed cables to pass power to the instrument and to return data back. A new third cable with a different design is pending waiting results of the present copper tests. Deployment of the prototype will have to wait until we determine the failure of the Regional Circulation Monitoring North as the same termination cans are being used at Cascadia Basin; • The Gravimeter was set to be deployed in 2013 but was checked by MTC staff prior to the cruise. The workmanship and construction was sub standard and did not meet ONC standards. The plan is to rebuild this device so it will withstand the stresses of deployment; and • The Controlled Source Electromagnetic experiment was recovered in 2013 and there are presently no plans to expend Engineering time or funds on this experiment. It was deployed in 2009 and never functioned as designed. New initiatives The following new initiatives are planned for NEPTUNE:

• Installation of a new combined light and camera cable; • Testing a new serial to Ethernet port; • Six (6) extended duration surveys of present and future science experiment locations; • Relocation of hydrophones to more platform locations; • Providing a longer battery source for Simple Cabled Instrument Measuring Parameters In Situ; and • Continued support of ONC’s business partner’s instruments and experiments. The following new initiatives are planned for VENUS:

• Design and development of a new Sediment camera; and • Continued support of ONC’s business partner’s instruments and experiments.

!24 Ocean Innovation The ONC Innovation Centre promotes Canada as a world leader in ocean observing technologies through commercial and educational programs. As part of this role the Innovation Centre provides business development functions for ONC. The Innovation Centre’s resources have four business units that provide business support in: Ocean Observing Technologies (OOT), Sensor and Instrument Technologies (SIT), Digital Infrastructure (DI), and Ocean Analytics (OA). The Innovation Centre also has corporate functions to promote the ocean technology sectors in British Columbia and Canada along the theme of ocean observing. Activities focus on priority projects largely funded from a grant from the Networks of Centres of Excellence, Centres of Excellence for Commercialization and Research program, which has been refunded through FY17/18 with $4.4M. Hence, the programs and budgets described in this section do not directly support the operations and maintenance activities of ONC. The Innovation Centre also manages contract projects, which includes Smart Oceans BC which was funded at the end of FY13/14 for $9.1M. Ocean Observation Technologies This program creates market opportunities for Canadian ocean observing technologies in Canada and internationally working closely with industry partners and government export development agencies, leveraging the expertise of ONC. The program also provides corporate functions for the Innovation Centre and supports national promotional programs. Priority projects include: • Arctic – The Arctic program seeks to establish new ocean observing systems in the Arctic, initially focused on Canada’s Arctic. This program began with a substantial analysis of a large scale observing system in Cambridge Bay, the future site of Canada’s High Arctic Research Station. Work in FY14/15 will be to continue to work with Aboriginal Affairs and Northern Development Canada, Defence Research and Development Canada, the Government of Nunavut, and others to support the establishment of ocean observing systems in the Arctic, under the Smart Oceans North program. • KIGAM – The Innovation Centre is working closely with Korean Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources (KIGAM) to develop a monitoring system for their gas hydrate production test system, now scheduled for 2015. The monitoring program is a $16.5M project. Further progress of this project is in question as Korea has been unable to secure a deep water drilling vessel and has altered the requirements for their system in early 2014. • FORCE – The Innovation Centre is supporting the development of a $10M ocean observing system program for tidal energy in Nova Scotia, which ONC helped them obtain funding for. FORCE is currently focused on the observatory hardware, which will likely be a $6M development for OceanWorks. Early in FY14/15 a DI system for FORCE is expected to be developed based on Oceans 2.0. • Brazil – The Innovation Centre has been supporting Canada-Brazil relations to establish collaborative development projects between the two countries along the theme of ocean observing. Of particular focus is establishing cabled ocean observing programs with University of Sao Paulo, the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (in partnership with Petrobras) and with the Federal University of Rio Grande. Potential projects in Brazil include a cabled with the University of Sao Paulo (estimated at $10-30M), a demonstration of technologies for monitoring CO2 with Petrobras and the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (estimated at

!25 $2.5M) and a small coastal cabled observatory with the Federal University of Rio Grande (estimated at $1M). Other activities include leading the Canada Pavilion at the Oceanology International conferences in March in London, UK and in September in Shanghai, China, working closely with the British Columbia government and the Canadian Ocean Tech Sector. Also planned is a trade mission to India in December and in China in September. A budget of $1,210,000 has been allocated for Ocean Observation Technologies activities, which includes, website development, travel/workshops, communications, subcontractors, and consultants. The Ocean Observation Technologies program projected revenues are $800,000. ONC monitoring and sensors systems have potential application to environmental monitoring related to the exploitation of seabed resources, or the exploitation of terrestrial resources that direct impacts the adjacent marine environment. Early exploration in collaboration with Science Services, as a potential Innovation Centre activity, will begin in FY14/15 with presentations of ONC’s hydrothermal and gas hydrates monitoring systems to key industry and conservation sector meetings on seabed mining. Continued discussions with Memorial University of Newfoundland (Trevor Bell) with regard to technology for monitoring the impact of the Lower Churchill hydroelectric development on Lake Melville, a large coastal inlet in Labrador . Sensor and Instrument Technologies This program provides support for the Canadian Ocean Tech sector to demonstrate new technologies on NEPTUNE and VENUS. This provides support for commercialization of new technologies through expert staff and live demonstration as well as providing state-of the-art technologies to engage existing and attract new science users to ONC. The Sensor and Instrument Technologies program staffing budget is at $320,000. This includes $20,000 allocated to compensate Digital Infrastructure staff to develop drivers and tools to support the program’s technology demonstrations. Priority projects include: • Ocean Acidification – The project supports the demonstration of Canadian ocean acidification sensor technologies, currently deployed on the OTTB. This includes CO2 sensor technologies from Pro-Oceanus and pH sensor technologies from Satlantic. Validation water samples will be taken weekly and a lab has been setup at IOS to analyse the samples. This program will provide the validation of sensor technologies critical to the global need for in situ capabilities for monitoring long term trends in the ocean carbon cycle. These technologies will enhance ONC’s ability to attract science users interested in data sets for this critical ocean process. • Digital Hydrophones – This project supports a number of demonstrations to demonstrate world leading Canadian digital hydrophone technologies. This includes Ocean Sonics HF and LF hydrophones with PTP capabilities and Jasco acoustic target tracking and classification. Supporting activities include a new vessel tracking system for the west coast of Vancouver Island, Strait of Juan de Fuca and the Strait of Georgia. The project includes the development of the world’s first digital hydrophone calibration system that can provide characterization of hydrophone responses at pressure up to the equivalent of 3000 m depth. This system design is being patented by the Innovation Centre. Use of hydrophones calibrated on this system will provide ONC with the world’s most extensive, fully calibrated digital hydrophone research network, a model for global systems.

!26 This program’s budget is $542,000 for which $120,000 is allocated to shiptime and ROV services in collaboration with ONC’s operations. Digital Infrastructure This program supports the commercialization of ONC’s Digital Infrastructure Intellectual Property. For ocean observing technology projects, the Innovation Centre’s role includes leveraging the ONC Oceans 2.0, while industry provides hardware. Projects include full scale observatories and smaller scale mini-observatory systems. Protection and development of ONC Oceans 2.0 IP also includes developing documentation to support IP protection, sales and decision making activities for the Oceans 2.0. This program, at a staff level of 2 FTE, also manages relationships with key industry partners and clients. A budget of $250,000 is allocated for staff where $56,000 is allocated for consultants to help document Oceans 2.0 in support commercial and user support activities. The priority projects include: • Mini-Oceans 2.0 programs – This program supports the commercialization of the mini- DMAS system developed for Brentwood College and Cambridge Bay. A number of other schools and organizations in British Columbia are interested in similar systems. Recent proposals have been developed for the Government of Nunavut and University of Northern British Columbia; and • Support of contract development projects such as KIGAM or FORCE. A budget of $307,000 is allocated for this program. Ocean Analytics This program supports the development and commercialization of the new Smart Oceans Systems program, including the Smart Oceans BC implementation (with support from ONC Digital Infrastructure and Operations). This program, at a staff level of 2 FTE, also manages relationships with key industry partners, such as IBM Canada and stakeholders across coastal BC. A budget of $380,000 is allocated for staff where $56,000 is allocated for consultants to help document Smart Oceans programs in support commercial and user support activities. The priority project is Smart Oceans BC. A $9.1M program to add monitoring infrastructure in Prince Rupert, Kitimat, Campbell River, Port Alberni and Port Metro Vancouver. A detailed project plan for Smart Oceans BC is under development.

A budget of $430,000 is allocated for this program. In kind contributions from industry are expected to exceed $1M in FY14/15 towards the CECR program and $6M towards Smart Oceans BC WED funding. Fund Raising This program was developed to mitigate ONC budget shortfalls as well to assist with special projects that involve collaborators. This is accomplished through developing outreach to private donors, corporations and foundations. Since inception of this program, the main objective has been to develop a fundraising strategy and begin to build a ‘pipeline’ of prospects through the universities’ clearance process. Initial funding goals included: • Build a pipeline of prospects; • Making funding solicitations; and

!27 • Major gift solicitations. The continued objectives for FY14/15 are to develop relationships with the identified prospects and look for funding opportunities that match their interests. The average lifecycle of a gift generally takes between 18-24 months from identification. Therefore, a stronger focus will be made towards the longer term, solid relationships, while building and developing upon the newer relationships within the pipeline. A further objective for FY14/15 will be to continue to plan ONC events in other cities in Canada and internationally. This builds increases awareness of oceans and ONC and helps to identify supporters. Development of the Opportunities of Philanthropy document and other marketing materials will be a priority. A longer term goal within the year will be to work with the Communications team to build a Sponsorship Opportunities document to capture the opportunities of naming rights. This will include but not be limited to: naming rights for many of the undersea laboratories being developed, expedition sponsorships, community based observatory sponsorships and larger project sponsorships. Another area of continued focus is to further develop the private donor prospect relationship and build upon this pipeline. A list of 10 key individuals has been created and over the next year further communication with the CEO and Development Officer will be made through one-on-one meetings/ visits. These are individuals that have been identified as having an interest in ONC and the ocean, and have the capacity to give major gifts of $25,000 or more. To increase the internal fundraising awareness and efforts, a staff and board member fundraising campaign will be launched. Finally, during the first year of inception a fundraising advisory was developed. Over the following year there will be a focus to build on this group by looking for more members; as well, continue to work closely with the members looking for ideas, advice and assistance with fundraising efforts. Public Policy ONC has the responsibility to promote and support mobilization and dissemination of knowledge from ocean observations for public policy purposes, including as a catalyst for policy development. The areas of public policy that ONC can contribute relate to: climate services, marine and coastal ocean management (including the Arctic), and public safety (earthquakes, tsunamis, and seafood safety). ONC also must contribute to provincial and national policy discussions and fora that impact the delivery of ocean science for Canada. Smart Oceans BC is a prime example of using observatory technology for the deliver of tools for science-based decision-making. Two areas of policy activity are: partnering with Canadian entities and university-based programs on ocean policy issues; and developing communication strategies, vehicles and tools for policy-relevant ocean information dissemination. In FY14/15, ONC will continue its partnerships with: • the University of British Columbia’s Earthquake Research Centre and the British Columbia Ministry of Transport to develop an earthquake shaking early warning system and to continue developing proposed policy for such a system;

!28 • the town of Port Alberni in the development tsunami near field warning system; • Village of Cambridge Bay to summarize the use and impacts of the Cambridge Bay observatory; and • University of Northern British Columbia to develop observations in inland salmon spawning areas, complementary to the VENUS observations, for responding to the Cohen Commission recommendations. In FY14/15, ONC will communicate in the following ways: • participating with government and academic related programs; • developing at least one new data product for a wider range of stakeholders; • contributing to the national science policy conference; and • producing policy materials in the forms of media releases, op-eds, summaries for policy makers, and short briefs. ONC’s participation with government and related programs includes Canadian Health Oceans Network, the Federal/Provincial tsunami debris task force, and the Marine Environmental Observation, Prediction and Response Network. ONC will continue to develop a data product that combines coastal radar-derived currents in the Strait of Georgia with real-time ship traffic information. This product is useful for all government and industry stakeholders working in this busy marine traffic area. Several media briefs and at least one op-ed will be prepared. Expenses for these activities reside in the President’s budget ($68,000) Metrics ONC tracks ten major metric indicators for VENUS and NEPTUNE (Table 5). The targets for FY13/14 are shown in the explanation column.

Table 5. Ocean Networks Canada Major Science Initiative Metrics

Standard 12/13 13/14 13/14 14/15 indicator Definition Actual to Q3 Target Target

1 Number of Defined as registered or 7,925 8,342 8,000 8,500 active users unregistered users who access the data archive, online analytical tools or data products during a given year.

!29 Standard 12/13 13/14 13/14 14/15 indicator Definition Actual to Q3 Target Target

2 Number of HQP Undergraduates (e.g. laboratory 310 209 350 350 classes), graduate students and postdocs making use of ONC data, online tools and data products; technical interns and participants in hands-on technical workshops and maintenance missions at sea.

3 Number of Includes book chapters & theses, 45 37 50 55 scientific peer-reviewed journal articles, peer- contributions reviewed conference proceedings, conference papers, and conference abstracts.

4 Number of Number of patents, spin-off 2 1 1 1 technical companies. contributions

5 Level of use Number of data requests from 21,480 34,308 25,000 35,000 registered users.

6 Meets user Number of data requests that are 0.99 0.99 0.9 0.95 requirements satisfied.

7 Facility reliability Overall reliability, measured as data 0.83 0.99 0.95 0.95 from at least one sensor on each array every hour.

8 Applied use of Measured by number of applied 7 3 4 4 facility projects. technologies

9 Formal and Number of events that draw 13 15 7 15 informal attention to ONC facility. educators’ use of the facility.

10 Major Measured by MOUs and 16 9 12 12 international international projects that use the users & observatory. collaborations

!30 Reporting Schedule & Responsibilities Ocean Networks Canada reports, which include details of facility management and status, operations activities, metrics, risk management, and financials, are required to be submitted to: • Canada Foundation for Innovation (annually) • University of Victoria Board of Governors (quarterly) • Ocean Networks Canada Board of Directors (quarterly) • Ocean Networks Canada Annual General Meeting (annually) These reports are prepared, with input from the ONC Executive by the President and CFAO. Internal ONC responsibilities for the delivery of the activities in this Annual Plan lie with the ONC Executive and Operational Executive. Deviations from this plan can occur because of unplanned operational issues (e.g. failed cables) or by internal proposed changes. Unplanned issues that arise are reviewed by the Operational Executive and recommendations made to the ONC Executive for a decision. Internal proposals are reviewed by the Operational Executive following the ONC Project Initiation Policy. If recommended by the Operational Executive, a decision to proceed is made by the Executive. Budget authority lies with the Executives as shown in each of the tables. The operational executive meets each week and a budget review is conducted each month. Major deviations are reported to the ONC Executive for decision and action. The CFAO is responsible for all salary budgets with the exception of CTO, the allocation of extraordinary maintenance, building services at the Port Alberni Shore Station and the Marine Technology Centre, transfer of the insurance allocation to the University of Victoria, utilities, and administrative supplies. The staff salary budgets are managed by the CFAO. The Finance and Administration staff budget is $1,085,390 comprising the President, CFAO, 1 manager, four administrative specialists, two financial specialists, one office management specialist, and two office computer support specialists. The User Engagement staff budget is $1,836,976 comprising three managers, the Chief Scientist, 5 communication team members, 4 user products team members, and 6 staff scientists. The Observatory Operations Digital Infrastructure staff budget is $2,665,986, which supports: 1 manager, 18 software maintenance and upgrade specialists, 3 data stewardship and operations services specialists, and 5 land-based systems and operations specialists. Observatory Operations Marine Operations staff budget is $1,346,324. A significant shift in the Marine Operations staff is taking place as we continue to build ONC’s in-house capabilities and reduce our dependence on outside contractors. A Senior Mechanical Engineer position will be hired to complete these in house capabilities. The staff in Marine Operations includes: 1 manager, 4 engineers, 9 technicians, and 3 operations and support staff.

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