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RIVERS IN INDIA
Himalayan Rivers:
Indus River System
Ganges River System
Brahmaputra River system
Peninsular Rivers:
West Flowing Rivers
East Flowing Rivers
INDUS RIVER SYSTEM
The main Tributaries of Indus Rivers are: www.Thennakam.com
Name of Source Total Destination the River Length
1 Indus Near Mansarover, 3,200 km Arabian Sea Tibet near the port city of Karachi, Pakistan
2 Jhelum Verinag Spring 725 Km Joins with river situated at the foot of Chenab at the Pir Panjal Trimmu in District Jhang
3 Chenab Bara Lacha pass in 960 km Joins with Himalayan Mountains Sutlej River near Kulu near Uch Sharif, Pakistan
4 Ravi Rohtang Pass, 720 Km Indo-Pak Chamba district of border into the Himachal Pradesh, Chenab River India
5 Beas Beas Kund, Himachal 470 km Sutlej River Pradesh www.Thennakam.com
6 Sutlej Lake Rakshastal in 1,500 km Beas River Tibet near Makhu, Firozpur district, Punjab state
Important Dams in Indus River Basin:
Salal Project = Chenab River in J & K Thein Project = On Ravi Punjab Pong Dam = On Beas, Punjab Mandi Project = On Beas in H.P Chamera Dam = River Ravi Bhakra Nangal = River Sutlej, Highest in India. Ht 226 m. Reservoir is called Gobind Sagar Lake
GANGES RIVER SYSTEM
The Ganga:
It is 2525 km long of which 1450 km is in Uttarakhand and UP, 445 km in Bihar and 520 km in West Bengal. www.Thennakam.com
The Ganga, the head stream is constituted of two main rivers – Bhagirthi and Alaknanda, which combine at Devprayag to form Ganga.
Before Alaknanda meets Bhagirthi at Devprayag, Mandakini meets Alaknanda at Rudraprayag
Sources: Bhagirthi from Gaumukh (Gangotri Glacier), Alaknanda from Badrinath, Mandakini from Kedarnath (all from Uttarakhand).
Cities: Haridwar, Kanpur, Jajmau, Allahabad, Varanasi, Mirzapur, Ghazipur, Patna, Rishikesh, Munger, Bhagalpur, Baharampur, Kolkata, Bijnor
Yamuna (1375 km):
It is a most important tributary (on right bank). It rises at the Yamunotri glacier in Uttarakhand. It runs parallel to Ganga for 800km and joins it at Allahabad. Important tributaries of Yamuna are Chambal (1050 km), Sind, Betwa (480 km) and Ken (all from south).
Kosi is infamous as ‘Sorrow of Bihar’, while Damodar(541 km) gets the name ‘Sorrow of Bengal’ as these cause floods in these regions.
Hooghli is a distributory of Ganga flowing through Kolkata. www.Thennakam.com
Ganges Tributaries
LEFT SIDE TRIBUTARIES RIGHT SIDE TRIBUTARIES
Ramganga Yamuna(1375 km)
Gomti(805 km), Tamsa
Ghaghara (1080 km) Son (780 km)
Gandaki Punpun
Burhi Gandak(425 km) Betwa
Koshi(730 km) Chambal
Mahananda Tons
Sindh
Ken www.Thennakam.com
Hindon
Sharda
Damodar
BRAHMAPUTRA RIVER SYSTEM
It has a total length of 2900 km. It rises in Tibet (from Chemayungdung glacier), where it is called Tsangpo, and enters the Indian territory (in Arunachal Pradesh) under the name Dihang.
Important Tributaries: Subansiri, Kameng, Dhansiri, Manas, Teesta.
In Bangladesh, Brahmaputra is known by the name of Jamuna while Ganga gets the name Padma. Their combined stream is known as Padma only. Meghna is the most important distributory before it enters the Bay of Bengal.
The combined stream of Ganga and Brahmaputra forms the biggest delta in the world, the Sundarbans, covering an area of 58,752 sq. km. Its major part is in Bangladesh. www.Thennakam.com
On Brahmaputra is the river island, Majuli in Assam, the biggest river island in the world.
Brahmaputra, or the Red River, is navigable for a distance of 1384 km up to Dibrugarh and serves as an excellent inland water transport route.
WEST FLOWING RIVERS
Sabarmati:
It originate in Mewar hills in Aravalli Range in Rajasthan
Length of this river is 320 Km
Mahi:
Raises from Vindhaya Ranges, Length is 560 Km
Luni:
It is Originate in Aravalli hills. It is also called as Salt River. www.Thennakam.com
It finally lost in the marshy grounds at the head of Rann of Kuchchh.
Sharavathi:
In Karnataka, it is famous for Jog falls or Mahatma Gandhi Falls or Gersoppa falls (289m).
Jog Falls is the highest falls in india
Narmada River:
It originates at amarkantak plateau in Madhya Pradesh.
The length of the river is 1312km
It joins to the Arabian Sea at Gulf of Khambat.
It is the largest west flowing peninsular river. www.Thennakam.com
The world famous Dhuan Dhar or Cloud of mist falls is located in this river near Jabalpur.
The river is flow between the rift valley of vindhyas and Satpura Ranges
Main Tributaries: Hiran, Burhner, Banjar, Tawa, Shar, Shakkar etc.
EAST FLOWING RIVERS
Mahanadi:
Rises in the Northern foothills of dandakarnaya near Shiawa in Rajpur District (Amarkantak Plateau)
Length of this river: 837 Km.
Tributaries: Ib, Tel, Ong, Jonk, Mand, Sheonath, Hasdeo
Hirakud Dam in Odisha (Largest dam in india) www.Thennakam.com
Godavari:
It originate in Timbak Plateau of north sahyadri near Nasik (Maharashtra)
Length of this river is 1465 Km (Longest River in Peninsular India)
Largest river system in peninsular India and next only to the Ganges river system.
Tributaries: Penganga, wardha, wainganga, Indravathi, sabri and Manjra
It is also called as Dakshin Ganga or vridha Ganga.
Krishna:
It is the second largest peninsular river in India.
Originate at north of Mahabaleshwar in Western Ghats (Maharashtra).
The length of the river is 1327 Km. www.Thennakam.com
Important dam is Nagarjuna Sagar Dam.
Tibutaries: Bhima, Tungabhadra, Ghatprabha, Malaprabha, Musi, Koyna, Munera, Panchganga and Dudhganga
Cauvery:
The length of the River is 805 Km. It is called as Ganges of South.
Originate at Brahmagiri Range in Coorg District (Karnataka)
Tributaries: Hemavathi, Shimsa, Noyil, Amaravati, Bhavani, Kabbani
55% of Cauvery basin lies in Tamil Nadu and 41% in Karnataka and 5% in Kerala.
Krishna Raja Sagara Dam, Mettur Dam are important Dams
Swarnarekha 395 Km and Brahmani 705 are rises in Ranchi Plateau are the other east flowing rivers.
Pennar: www.Thennakam.com
Rises on the hill of nandi Hills in chikballapur District of Karnataka
Important dam is Somasila Dam
Flows in Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh
Ponnaiyar:
The Ponnaiyar is a river in southern India.
It rises on the hill of Nandidurg in Chikkaballapur District of Karnataka state, and flows south and then east for 400 km (250 mi) through Karnataka and Tamil Nadu, emptying into the Bay of Bengal at Cuddalore.
Tirukkovilur is the largest city in the path of Ponnaiyar River.
Palar:
It rises in Nandi Hills, India in Kolar district of Karnataka state. www.Thennakam.com
Its confluence into the Bay of Bengal at Vayalur about 100 km south of Chennai
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