Or, Moral Duties
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THE TEMPLE PLUTARCH Rdlted by WHD ROUSE M
THE TEMPLE PLUTARCH Rdlted by W. H. D. ROUSE M_ PLUTARCH'S LIVES '_ EI_3USHED BY 51R THOMAS NORTH INTEN VOLUMES VOI...TEN THE LIVES OF THE, NOBLE GREEKS AND ROMANS The most of them comparedtogether by that grave learned Philosopher and Historio- grapher Plutarch of Ch_ronea THE LIFE OF ARATUS Ca_tsx'_s the Philosopher (my friend Polycrates) A proverb being afraid as it seemeth of the evil sound of an corrected ancient proverb,not rightly as it was spoken, and in use, but as he thought it best, he wrote in this manner: What childrendo theirancestorscommend, But thosewhomfortunefavoursto the end? But Dionysodorus Trcezenian reproving him, doth rehearsethe proverbrightly as indeed it is : Whatchildrendo theirancestorscommend, Butthosewhoselifeis vertuousto the end? Saying,that this proverb stoppeth their mouthswho of themselves are unworthy of praise, and yet are still boning of the vertaes of their ancestors, whose praisethey highly extol. But beforethose that (as Pindarulsaith) : Domatchtheirnobleancestorsin prowessoftheirown, Andby theirfruits comme_athed stockwhencethey themsd,resaregrown. x A PLUTARCH'S LIVES The corn- (As thy self that conformest thy life unto the monweal examples and manners of thy vertuous ancestors:) of the it is no small good hap for them, often to remem- Sicy.oa- 1_n$ ber the noble deeds of their parents in hearing them spoken of, or otherwise for themselves oftentimes to remember some notable doings of their parents. For in them, it is not for lack of commendable vertues, that they report others' praise and glory : but in joining their own vertaes, to the vertues of their ancestors, they do increase their glory, as inheriting their vertuous life, a8 challenging their descent by blood. -
Royal Power, Law and Justice in Ancient Macedonia Joseph Roisman
Royal Power, Law and Justice in Ancient Macedonia Joseph Roisman In his speech On the Crown Demosthenes often lionizes himself by suggesting that his actions and policy required him to overcome insurmountable obstacles. Thus he contrasts Athens’ weakness around 346 B.C.E. with Macedonia’s strength, and Philip’s II unlimited power with the more constrained and cumbersome decision-making process at home, before asserting that in spite of these difficulties he succeeded in forging later a large Greek coalition to confront Philip in the battle of Chaeronea (Dem.18.234–37). [F]irst, he (Philip) ruled in his own person as full sovereign over subservient people, which is the most important factor of all in waging war . he was flush with money, and he did whatever he wished. He did not announce his intentions in official decrees, did not deliberate in public, was not hauled into the courts by sycophants, was not prosecuted for moving illegal proposals, was not accountable to anyone. In short, he was ruler, commander, in control of everything.1 For his depiction of Philip’s authority Demosthenes looks less to Macedonia than to Athens, because what makes the king powerful in his speech is his freedom from democratic checks. Nevertheless, his observations on the Macedonian royal power is more informative and helpful than Aristotle’s references to it in his Politics, though modern historians tend to privilege the philosopher for what he says or even does not say on the subject. Aristotle’s seldom mentions Macedonian kings, and when he does it is for limited, exemplary purposes, lumping them with other kings who came to power through benefaction and public service, or who were assassinated by men they had insulted.2 Moreover, according to Aristotle, the extreme of tyranny is distinguished from ideal kingship (pambasilea) by the fact that tyranny is a government that is not called to account. -
The Meditations of Marcus Aurelius Antoninus
The meditations of Marcus Aurelius Antoninus Originally translated by Meric Casaubon About this edition Marcus Aurelius Antoninus Augustus was Emperor of Rome from 161 to his death, the last of the “Five Good Emperors.” He was nephew, son-in-law, and adoptive son of Antonius Pius. Marcus Aurelius was one of the most important Stoic philosophers, cited by H.P. Blavatsky amongst famous classic sages and writers such as Plato, Eu- ripides, Socrates, Aristophanes, Pindar, Plutarch, Isocrates, Diodorus, Cicero, and Epictetus.1 This edition was originally translated out of the Greek by Meric Casaubon in 1634 as “The Golden Book of Marcus Aurelius,” with an Introduction by W.H.D. Rouse. It was subsequently edited by Ernest Rhys. London: J.M. Dent & Co; New York: E.P. Dutton & Co, 1906; Everyman’s Library. 1 Cf. Blavatsky Collected Writings, (THE ORIGIN OF THE MYSTERIES) XIV p. 257 Marcus Aurelius' Meditations - tr. Casaubon v. 8.16, uploaded to www.philaletheians.co.uk, 14 July 2013 Page 1 of 128 LIVING THE LIFE SERIES MEDITATIONS OF MARCUS AURELIUS Chief English translations of Marcus Aurelius Meric Casaubon, 1634; Jeremy Collier, 1701; James Thomson, 1747; R. Graves, 1792; H. McCormac, 1844; George Long, 1862; G.H. Rendall, 1898; and J. Jackson, 1906. Renan’s “Marc-Aurèle” — in his “History of the Origins of Christianity,” which ap- peared in 1882 — is the most vital and original book to be had relating to the time of Marcus Aurelius. Pater’s “Marius the Epicurean” forms another outside commentary, which is of service in the imaginative attempt to create again the period.2 Contents Introduction 3 THE FIRST BOOK 12 THE SECOND BOOK 19 THE THIRD BOOK 23 THE FOURTH BOOK 29 THE FIFTH BOOK 38 THE SIXTH BOOK 47 THE SEVENTH BOOK 57 THE EIGHTH BOOK 67 THE NINTH BOOK 77 THE TENTH BOOK 86 THE ELEVENTH BOOK 96 THE TWELFTH BOOK 104 Appendix 110 Notes 122 Glossary 123 A parting thought 128 2 [Brought forward from p. -
A Literary Analysis of Juvenal's Twelfth Satire
MONEY AND MORALITY IN JUVENAL'S TWELFTH SATIRE MORALITY AND MATERIALISM: A LITERARY ANALYSIS OF JUVENAL'S TWELFTH SATIRE By SPENCER JOHN GOUGH, B.A. A Thesis Submitted to the School of Graduate Studies in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Arts McMaster University © Copyright by Spencer Gough, September 2008 MASTER OF ARTS (2008) McMaster University (Classics) Hamilton, Ontario TITLE: Morality and Materialism: A Literary Analysis of Juvenal's Twelfth Satire AUTHOR: Spencer John Gough, B.A. (Mount Allison University) SUPERVISOR: Professor Paul Murgatroyd NUMBER OF PAGES: v,108 11 ABSTRACT This disseltation examines how Juvenal, in his Twelfth Satire, critiques greed. Caused by human stupidity, a principle theme of the Fourth Book of Satires, greed destroys society by cormpting core values of friendship and religion, and by consuming those characters that Juvenal characterizes negatively throughout the poem. Emphasis is placed on interpreting Juvenal's attitude to and the relationships between the characters of the poem. The mocking portrayal of the narrator's "friend" Catullus, a merchant, characterizes him as being consumed by the same materialism which drives legacy hunters, the targets of the diatribe at the end of the poem. Greed, as exhibited by Catullus and the captatores, spreads vice throughout society by attacking friendship, kinship, religion, and the fundamental values of the state. 1 argue that Juvenal discusses the corruption of his contemporary society as a concrete illustration of the univers al human stupidity outlined in Satire Ten, thus providing a more cohesive reading of Book Four as a whole. 1 also analyse Juvenal's command of intertext and allusion, through the examination of the poet' s playon the poetic storm as a literary motif of the epic genre (Chapter 3), and also by comparing and contrasting the treatment oflegacy-hunting in Satire Twelve and in Horace's Satire 2.5 (Chapter 4). -
Public Construction, Labor, and Society at Middle Republican Rome, 390-168 B.C
University of Pennsylvania ScholarlyCommons Publicly Accessible Penn Dissertations 2012 Men at Work: Public Construction, Labor, and Society at Middle Republican Rome, 390-168 B.C. Seth G. Bernard University of Pennsylvania, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations Part of the Ancient History, Greek and Roman through Late Antiquity Commons, and the History of Art, Architecture, and Archaeology Commons Recommended Citation Bernard, Seth G., "Men at Work: Public Construction, Labor, and Society at Middle Republican Rome, 390-168 B.C." (2012). Publicly Accessible Penn Dissertations. 492. https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/492 This paper is posted at ScholarlyCommons. https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/492 For more information, please contact [email protected]. Men at Work: Public Construction, Labor, and Society at Middle Republican Rome, 390-168 B.C. Abstract MEN AT WORK: PUBLIC CONSTRUCTION, LABOR, AND SOCIETY AT MID-REPUBLICAN ROME, 390-168 B.C. Seth G. Bernard C. Brian Rose, Supervisor of Dissertation This dissertation investigates how Rome organized and paid for the considerable amount of labor that went into the physical transformation of the Middle Republican city. In particular, it considers the role played by the cost of public construction in the socioeconomic history of the period, here defined as 390 to 168 B.C. During the Middle Republic period, Rome expanded its dominion first over Italy and then over the Mediterranean. As it developed into the political and economic capital of its world, the city itself went through transformative change, recognizable in a great deal of new public infrastructure. -
Renaissance Receptions of Ovid's Tristia Dissertation
RENAISSANCE RECEPTIONS OF OVID’S TRISTIA DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Gabriel Fuchs, M.A. Graduate Program in Greek and Latin The Ohio State University 2013 Dissertation Committee: Frank T. Coulson, Advisor Benjamin Acosta-Hughes Tom Hawkins Copyright by Gabriel Fuchs 2013 ABSTRACT This study examines two facets of the reception of Ovid’s Tristia in the 16th century: its commentary tradition and its adaptation by Latin poets. It lays the groundwork for a more comprehensive study of the Renaissance reception of the Tristia by providing a scholarly platform where there was none before (particularly with regard to the unedited, unpublished commentary tradition), and offers literary case studies of poetic postscripts to Ovid’s Tristia in order to explore the wider impact of Ovid’s exilic imaginary in 16th-century Europe. After a brief introduction, the second chapter introduces the three major commentaries on the Tristia printed in the Renaissance: those of Bartolomaeus Merula (published 1499, Venice), Veit Amerbach (1549, Basel), and Hecules Ciofanus (1581, Antwerp) and analyzes their various contexts, styles, and approaches to the text. The third chapter shows the commentators at work, presenting a more focused look at how these commentators apply their differing methods to the same selection of the Tristia, namely Book 2. These two chapters combine to demonstrate how commentary on the Tristia developed over the course of the 16th century: it begins from an encyclopedic approach, becomes focused on rhetoric, and is later aimed at textual criticism, presenting a trajectory that ii becomes increasingly focused and philological. -
Quantitative Dynamics of Human Empires
Quantitative Dynamics of Human Empires Cesare Marchetti and Jesse H. Ausubel FOREWORD Humans are territorial animals, and most wars are squabbles over territory. become global. And, incidentally, once a month they have their top managers A basic territorial instinct is imprinted in the limbic brain—or our “snake meet somewhere to refresh the hierarchy, although the formal motives are brain” as it is sometimes dubbed. This basic instinct is central to our daily life. to coordinate business and exchange experiences. The political machinery is Only external constraints can limit the greedy desire to bring more territory more viscous, and we may have to wait a couple more generations to see a under control. With the encouragement of Andrew Marshall, we thought it global empire. might be instructive to dig into the mechanisms of territoriality and their role The fact that the growth of an empire follows a single logistic equation in human history and the future. for hundreds of years suggests that the whole process is under the control In this report, we analyze twenty extreme examples of territoriality, of automatic mechanisms, much more than the whims of Genghis Khan namely empires. The empires grow logistically with time constants of tens to or Napoleon. The intuitions of Menenius Agrippa in ancient Rome and of hundreds of years, following a single equation. We discovered that the size of Thomas Hobbes in his Leviathan may, after all, be scientifically true. empires corresponds to a couple of weeks of travel from the capital to the rim We are grateful to Prof. Brunetto Chiarelli for encouraging publication using the fastest transportation system available. -
Nostalgia and the Irish Fairy Landscape
The land of heart’s desire: Nostalgia and the Irish fairy landscape Hannah Claire Irwin BA (Media and Cultural Studies), B. Media (Hons 1) Macquarie University This thesis is presented for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Media and Cultural Studies. Faculty of Arts, Department of Media, Music, Communication and Cultural Studies, Macquarie University, Sydney August 2017 2 Table of Contents Figures Index 6 Abstract 7 Author Declaration 8 Acknowledgments 9 Introduction: Out of this dull world 1.1 Introduction 11 1.2 The research problem and current research 12 1.3 The current field 13 1.4 Objective and methodology 14 1.5 Defining major terms 15 1.6 Structure of research 17 Chapter One - Literature Review: Hungry thirsty roots 2.1 Introduction 20 2.2 Early collections (pre-1880) 21 2.3 The Irish Literary Revival (1880-1920) 24 2.4 Movement from ethnography to analysis (1920-1990) 31 2.5 The ‘new fairylore’ (post-1990) 33 2.6 Conclusion 37 Chapter Two - Theory: In a place apart 3.1 Introduction 38 3.2 Nostalgia 39 3.3 The Irish fairy landscape 43 3 3.4 Space and place 49 3.5 Power 54 3.6 Conclusion 58 Chapter Three - Nationalism: Green jacket, red cap 4.1 Introduction 59 4.2 Nationalism and the power of place 60 4.3 The wearing of the green: Evoking nostalgia for Éire 63 4.4 The National Leprechaun Museum 67 4.5 The Last Leprechauns of Ireland 74 4.6 Critique 81 4.7 Conclusion 89 Chapter Four - Heritage: Up the airy mountain 5.1 Introduction 93 5.2 Heritage and the conservation of place 94 5.3 Discovering Ireland the ‘timeless’: Heritage -
Distortions in the Historical Record Concerning Ager Publicus, Leges Agrariae, and the Gracchi Maria Therese Jeffrey Xavier University, Cincinnati, OH
Xavier University Exhibit Honors Bachelor of Arts Undergraduate 2011-3 Distortions in the Historical Record Concerning Ager Publicus, Leges Agrariae, and the Gracchi Maria Therese Jeffrey Xavier University, Cincinnati, OH Follow this and additional works at: http://www.exhibit.xavier.edu/hab Part of the Ancient History, Greek and Roman through Late Antiquity Commons, Ancient Philosophy Commons, Classical Archaeology and Art History Commons, Classical Literature and Philology Commons, and the Other Classics Commons Recommended Citation Jeffrey, Maria Therese, "Distortions in the Historical Record Concerning Ager Publicus, Leges Agrariae, and the Gracchi" (2011). Honors Bachelor of Arts. 22. http://www.exhibit.xavier.edu/hab/22 This Capstone/Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Undergraduate at Exhibit. It has been accepted for inclusion in Honors Bachelor of Arts by an authorized administrator of Exhibit. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Distortions in the Historical Record Concerning Ager Publicus, Leges Agrariae, and the Gracchi Maria Jeffrey Introduction: Scholarship on the Gracchi is largely based on the accounts of Plutarch and Appian, historians who were far removed temporally from the Gracchi themselves. It is not known from which sources Plutarch and Appian derive their accounts, which presents problems for the modern historian aiming to determine historical fact. The ancient sources do not equip the modern historian to make many definitive claims about the Gracchan agrarian reform, much less about the motives of the Gracchi themselves. Looking to tales of earlier agrarian reform through other literary sources as well as exploring the types of land in question and the nature of the agrarian crisis through secondary sources also yields ambiguous results. -
The Lex Sempronia Agraria: a Soldier's Stipendum
THE LEX SEMPRONIA AGRARIA: A SOLDIER’S STIPENDUM by Raymond Richard Hill A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in History Boise State University August 2016 © 2016 Raymond Richard Hill ALL RIGHTS RESERVED BOISE STATE UNIVERSITY GRADUATE COLLEGE DEFENSE COMMITTEE AND FINAL READING APPROVALS of the thesis submitted by Raymond Richard Hill Thesis Title: The Lex Sempronia Agraria: A Soldier’s Stipendum Date of Final Oral Examination: 16 June 2016 The following individuals read and discussed the thesis submitted by student Raymond Richard Hill, and they evaluated his presentation and response to questions during the final oral examination. They found that the student passed the final oral examination. Katherine V. Huntley, Ph.D. Chair, Supervisory Committee Lisa McClain, Ph.D. Member, Supervisory Committee Lee Ann Turner, Ph.D. Member, Supervisory Committee The final reading approval of the thesis was granted by Katherine V. Huntley, Ph.D., Chair of the Supervisory Committee. The thesis was approved for the Graduate College by Jodi Chilson, M.F.A., Coordinator of Theses and Dissertations. DEDICATION To Kessa for all of her love, patience, guidance and support. iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Thank you to Dr. Katherine Huntley for her hours spent proofing my work, providing insights and making suggestions on research materials. To Dr. Charles Matson Odahl who started this journey with me and first fired my curiosity about the Gracchi. To the history professors of Boise State University who helped me become a better scholar. v ABSTRACT This thesis examines mid-second century BCE Roman society to determine the forces at work that resulted in the passing of a radical piece of legislation known as the lex Sempronia agraria. -
The Socratic Handbook: the Enchiridion As a Guide for Emulating Socrates1
The Socratic Handbook: The Enchiridion as a Guide for Emulating Socrates1 Chad E. Brack February 8, 2020 Abstract: In this paper, I argue that the works of Epictetus are best understood as a guide for living like Socrates. On my view, we can think of the Enchiridion as a Socratic handbook, meaning it is less about the philosophy of Epictetus himself than it is about Epictetus’s prescription for achieving a Socratic disposition. In other words, Epictetus tells us how to live our lives as Socrates did. He believes doing so will lead us to the Good Life and the tranquility that accompanies it. I begin by discussing Socratic ethics and Socrates’s influence on Stoicism, then I suggest that the content and structure of Epictetus’s work points to Socrates as the prime focus for Epictetus’s teachings. Socrates is not just an example of sagacity—he is the subject of study. After offering the reasoning for my view, I address what I believe to be the most likely objections to my interpretation and conclude with final thoughts about Stoicism as a Socratic philosophy of life. I. Introduction In recent years Stoicism has reemerged as an attractive philosophy of life. It has also become a tool for self-help and cognitive behavioral therapy. Founded over 2000 years ago, Stoicism has touched the lives of countless people. The Stoics taught a philosophy based on building the right mental state to deal with life’s challenges and to achieve contentment regardless of circumstances. It is a philosophy based on well-being. -
WSFA Journal 69
. »x.'N ■ •*' p. l^-> = f/M'i/ilf'if'''-. ///" fiii: It I - . ■I»'• n, ll i.^/f f •] ! i W 'i j :i m y't ) ' ' / •* ' - t *> '.■; ■ *"<* '^ii>fi<lft'' f - ■ ■//> ■ vi '' • ll. F V -: ■ :- ^ ■ •- ■tiK;- - :f ii THE WSFA journal (The Official Organ of the Washington Science Fiction Association) Issue Number 69: October/November, 1969 The JOURNAL Staff — Editor & Publisher: Don Miller, 12315 Judson Rd., Wheaton, Maryland, .•U.S.A., 20906. ! Associate Editors: Alexis & Doll Gilliland, 2126 Pennsylvania Ave,, N.W., Washington, D.C., U.S.A., 20037. Cpntrib-uting Editors:- ,1 . " Art Editor — Alexis Gilliland. - 4- , . Bibliographer— Mark Owings. Book Reviewers — Alexis Gilliland,• David Haltierman, Ted Pauls. Convention Reporter — J.K. Klein. ' : . r: Fanzine Reviewer — Doll Golliland "T Flltfl-Reviewer — Richard Delap. ' " 5 P^orzine Reviewer — Banks.Mebane. Pulps — Bob Jones. Other Media Ivor Rogers. ^ Consultants: Archaeology— Phyllis Berg. ' Medicine — Bob Rozman. Astronomy — Joe Haldeman. Mythology — Thomas Burnett Biology — Jay Haldeman. Swann, David Halterman. Chemistry — Alexis Gilliland. Physics — Bob Vardeman. Computer Science — Nick Sizemore. Psychology -- Kim West on. Electronics — Beresford .Smith. Mathematics — Ron Bounds, Steve Lewis. Translators: . French .— Steve Lewis, Gay Haldeman. Russian — Nick Sizemore, German -- Nick Sizemore. Danish ~ Gay. Haldeman, Italian ~ OPEN. Joe Oliver. Japanese. — OPEN. Swedish" -- OBBN. Overseas Agents: Australia — Michael O'Brien, 158 Liverpool St., Holaart, Tasmania, Australia, 7000. • South Africa — A.B. Ackerman, P^O.Box 6, Daggafontein, .Transvaal, South Africa, . ^ United Kingdom — Peter Singleton, 60ljU, Blodc h, Broadiiioor Hospital, Crowthome, Berks, RGll 7EG, United Kingdom. Needed for France, Germany, Italy, Scandinavia, Spain, S.America, NOTE; Where address are not listed above, send material ^Editor, Published bi-monthly.