Inventory of Aquatic and Semiaquatic Coleoptera from the Grand Portage Indian Reservation, Cook County, Minnesota

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Volume 46 Numbers 1 & 2 - Spring/Summer 2013 Numbers Article 7 1 & 2 - Spring/Summer 2013

April 2013

Inventory of Aquatic and Semiaquatic Coleoptera from the Grand Portage Indian Reservation, Cook County, Minnesota

David B. MacLean Youngstown State University

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Recommended Citation MacLean, David B. 2013. "Inventory of Aquatic and Semiaquatic Coleoptera from the Grand Portage Indian Reservation, Cook County, Minnesota," The Great Lakes Entomologist, vol 46 (1) Available at: https://scholar.valpo.edu/tgle/vol46/iss1/7

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104 THE GREAT LAKES ENTOMOLOGIST Vol. 46, Nos. 1 - 2 Inventory of Aquatic and Semiaquatic Coleoptera from the Grand Portage Indian Reservation, Cook County, Minnesota David B. MacLean1

Abstract Collections of aquatic invertebrates from the Grand Portage Indian Res- ervation (Cook County, Minnesota) during 2001 – 2012 resulted in 9 families, 43 genera and 112 species of aquatic and semiaquatic Coleoptera. The Dytisci- dae had the most species (53), followed by Hydrophilidae (20), Gyrinidae (14), Haliplidae (8), Chrysomelidae (7), Elmidae (3) and Curculionidae (5). The families Helodidae and Heteroceridae were each represented by a single species. Seventy seven percent of species were considered rare or uncommon (1 - 10 records), twenty percent common (11 - 100 records) and only three percent abundant (more than 100 records). Sixty nine percent of species were collected at only 1 or 2 habitat types, twenty two percent at 3 - 5 and only nine percent at 6 - 10 habitats types. Haliplus leopardus Roberts (Halipidae), Hydrocolus stagnalis (G. and H.) (Dytiscidae), and Hygrotus falli (Wallis) (Dytiscidae) were recorded for the first time from Minnesota. The Dytiscids Acilius mediatus (Say) ( Dytiscus alaskanus J. Balfour-Browne, Graphoderus fasciollis (Harris), Hydaticus piceus LeConte and Neoscutopterus hornii (Crotch) were recorded for the first time from the northeastern portion of the state.

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Each year from 1999 through the early fall of 2012, members of the Grand Portage Band Environmental Division at the Grand Portage Indian Reservation, Cook County, Minnesota have sampled invertebrates to assess the environmental quality of aquatic and semiaquatic habitats. This paper presents the results of aquatic and semiaquatic Coleoptera collected from 42 sites from 2001 to the fall of 2012. The Grand Portage Indian Reservation (GPIR) occupies the extreme northeastern tip of Cook County, Minnesota and borders Ontario, Canada. The Reservation lies entirely within the North Shore Highlands of the Northern Coniferous Forest (Albert 1994, Marschner 1974) and includes many aquatic habitats such as numerous small lakes, streams, spring-fed ponds, wetlands and the Pigeon River that borders Ontario. Aquatic Coleoptera are important members of the predator, herbivore and collector feeding groups in aquatic food webs (Merritt and Cummins 1996). Aquatic habitats often support many species of Dytiscidae, Gyrinidae, Haliplidae and Hydrophilidae. Species of Elmidae, Helodidae, Hydraenidae, Noteridae and Ptilodactylidae (Larson 1987) are lotic and not well surveyed while Chrysomelidae are mostly terrestrial. Analyses of dytiscid communities have shown that repeatable assemblages correlate reasonably well with both lotic and lentic habitat characteristics (Larson et al. 2000). Four hundred and eighty five species of aquatic and semiaquatic beetles have been recorded from Ontario (Larson 1987), 242 (and possibly 118 others) from Michigan (Bright 2006), at least 357 from Wisconsin (Hilsenhoff 1995) and at least 250 from Minnesota, including the northeastern part of the state,

1Professor emeritus, Youngstown State University. Current address: 76 Walter Rd. Grand Marais, MN 55604.

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2013 THE GREAT LAKES ENTOMOLOGIST 105 (Smetana 1978, 1988; Daussin 1979; Ferkinhoff and Gundersen 1983; Gundersen and Otremba 1988; Gundersen and Christopherson 1990). The objective of this paper is to provide an inventory of aquatic and semiaquatic beetles from the extreme northeastern region of the state, an area that has been little studied.

Methods Twenty eight sites were sampled in only one year, 5 in two years, 7 in three years, 4 in four years, 1 in five years, 2 in six years, and 1 in nine years. Sampling methods included the use of dip nets each year, bottle traps in 2001 and 2002, pit fall traps in 2003 and terrestrial light traps in 2001, 2002, 2003 and 2004. Most sites were sampled in two or more years but on different dates each year. Ten sites were sampled in 2001, 9 in 2002, 4 in 2003 (8 collections on 2 different dates), 12 in 2004, 8 in 2005, 6 in 2006, 2007, 2008, 7 in 2009, 6 in 2010 and 2011 and 5 in 2012. As most sites were not sampled each year and different sampling methods were employed, an extensive statistical analysis of the data was not appropriate. All aquatic habitat types were sampled by dip nets at all sites and combined for a total of at least 300 invertebrates whenever possible. Beetles and other invertebrates from dip net samples and bottle traps were placed in 70% ethanol, sorted in the laboratory and either pinned, placed on points or preserved in 70% ethanol. After identification to species, voucher specimens were deposited in the invertebrate collection of the Grand Portage Environmental Division, Grand Portage Band and the author’s collection. Some species identifications were checked by Dr. Ralph Gundersen, Professor Emeri- tus, Saint Cloud State University, Ethan Bright, the University of Michigan and Paul Tinerella of the University of Minnesota. A number of sites had been impacted by hydrological alterations such as culverts, proximity to roads and land use history (logging and homesteading) and invasive plants (Andrew Schmidt, Wetland Specialist, Grand Portage Envi- ronmental Division, pers. comm.). Each site was classified by the Band as one or more of the following habitat types: 1) coniferous bog, 2) fen, 3) poor fen, 4) marsh, 5) sedge meadow, 6) clear cold - moderately stained lake, 7) moderately stained to dystrophic lake, 8) shallow lake, 9) spring-fed lake, 10) beaver pond, 11) vernal pool/pond, 12) impoundment some with a beaver dam, 13) black spruce/balsam fir swamp, 14) shaded, clear flowing stream, 15) slowly moving, stained creek with beaver dams, 16) slowly flowing river with dense vegetation along margin, 17) small creek with rocky bottom, 18) medium-large river, or 19) shallow Lake Superior bay. Sites often had more than one habitat type. Sites sampled each year and the method(s) were determined by Margaret Watkins, Water Quality Specialist.

Results One hundred twelve species of aquatic and semiaquatic Coleoptera identified from the GPIR during the period 2001-2012, along with the collection method, months collected, numbers of records, habitat type and regional abundance, are listed in Table 1. Habitat type refers to those listed in the Methods section and regional abundance is based on published records from Minnesota and neighboring states and provinces. Haliplus leopardus Roberts (Halipidae), Hydrocolus stagnalis (G. and H.) (Dytiscidae) and Hygrotus falli (Dytiscidae) were recorded for the first time from Minnesota. Drought conditions that resulted in low water levels reduced the numbers of specimens collected in some years, e.g., 2007. The use of bottle traps only in 2001 and 2002 likely underes- timated the number of species and individuals of Dytiscus. The Dytiscidae were represented by the most species (53) followed by Hydrophilidae (20), Gyrinidae (14), Haliplidae (8), Chrysomelidae (7), Elmidae (3) and Curculionidae (5). The families Helodidae and Heteroceridae were represented by only a single species https://scholar.valpo.edu/tgle/vol46/iss1/7 2 MacLean: Inventory of Aquatic and Semiaquatic Coleoptera from the Grand Po

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Table 1. Families, genera and species of aquatic and semiaquatic Coleoptera collected in the Grand Portage Indian Reservation, Cook County, Minnesota, 2001 – 2011. BT = bottle trap, DN = dip net, LT = light trap, PFT = pitfall trap. Literature records: Haliplidae: Gundersen and Otrema, 1988; Dytiscidae: Gundersen and Christopherson 1990, Gundersen 1996, Larson et al. 2000, Hilsenhoff 1993; Gyrinidae: Ferkinhoff and Gundersen 1983, Majka and Kenner 2009; Hydrophilidae: Gundersen 2006, Smetana 1988; Elmidae: Hilsenhoff and Schmude 1992; Helodidae and Heteroceridae: McCafferty 1981; Chrysomeli- dae and Curculionidae: Merritt and Cummuns 1996. n.a. data not available.

Family (no. sp.), Method and month(s) No. records (no. habitat species collected types), and literature notes HALIPLIDAE (8) Haliplus blanchardi DN, June 2 (6), wide range of habitats Roberts Haliplus connexus DN, August, October 4 (3, 15), wide range of habitats Matheson Haliplus cribarius DN, June, July, August, 34 (3, 4, 7, 8, 10, 12, 15, 16), LeConte September widespread, shallow weedy habitats plus slowly flowing rivers Haliplus immaculicollis DN, May, June, July, 145 (1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, 16), Harris August, September common, wide range of habitats, except flowing water Haliplus leopardus DN, August 1 (3), wide spread, lentic habi- Roberts1 tats Haliplus longulus DN, LT, June 3 (7, 8), wide spread, common in LeConte shallow littoral habitats Peltodytes edentulus DN, June, September 2 (8, 16), wide spread, common (LeConte) in shallow littoral habitats Peltodytes tortulosus DN, June, July, August, 26 (2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, 15), north- Roberts September ern, shallow littoral habitats DYTISCIDAE (53) Acilius mediatus (Say) DN, July 1 (15), small forest pools with peaty substrate and adjacent stained creeks Acilius semisulcatus BT, DN, June, July, 20 (3, 7, 8, 10, 12), widespread, Aubé August, September many lentic habitats Acilius sylvanus BT, DN, June, July 2 (3), boggy lakes and ponds Hilsenhoff with emergent vegetation Agabus ambiguus (Say) DN, September 1 (17), springs, small streams and beaver ponds Agabus anthracinus BT, DN, May, June, 14 (2, 3, 6, 8, 9, 12), Mannerheim July, September widespread, common in permanent lentic habitats Agabus bifarius (Kirby) DN, May 1 (11), widespread, margins of vernal pools

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Table 1. Continued.

Family (no. sp.), Method and month(s) No. records (no. habitat species collected types), and literature notes Agabus confinis (Gyl- DN, September 3 (14), widespread, cool shaded lenhal) pools Agabus erichsoni Gem- DN, July 1 (16), widespread, dense veg- minger and Harold etation and margin of ponds Agabus phaeopterus DN, July 3 (17), margins of small pools (Kirby) with emergent vegetation Agabus semivittatus DN, June 1 (6), widespread, mostly lotic LeConte occasionally lentic Agabus seriatus (Say) DN, June, July, Sep- 14 (9, 14), widespread, springs tember and margins of small creeks Colymbetes sculptilis BT, DN, LT, June, July, 16 (3, 4, 6, 15 ), widespread, Harris August, September margins of lakes and ponds with emergent vegetation Coptotomus longulus BT, DN, LT, July, Au- 28 (3, 6, 10, 11, 12, 16), eastern, lenticus Hilsenhoff gust, September permanent ponds plus ditches and impoundments Desmopachria convexa LT, August 1 (n.a.), margins of bog and fen (Aubé) pools, also temporary ponds Dytiscus alaskanus J. BT, June, July 8 (3, 7), widespread, margins of Balfour-Browne permanent ponds and lakes Dytiscus cordieri Aubé BT, June, July 2 (10, 12), widespread, permanent, temporary and man-made habitats Dytiscus dauricus BT, DN, June 3 (6, 10, 11), widespread, perma- Gebler nent ponds including beaver ponds Dytiscus fasciventris BT, July, September 2 (10), ponds and marshes with Say extensive vegetation Dytiscus harrisi Kirby BT, July 1 (8), northern and eastern, large ponds and lakes Dytiscus verticalis Say BT, June, July 6 (2, 8, 11), northeastern, ponds, marshes and bogs Graphoderus fasciollis DN, June, July 3 (7, 10), northeast, permanent (Harris) ponds including beaver ponds Graphoderus liberus DN, June, August 9 (3, 10, 12), widespread, common (Say) in hardwood forests, rare in coniferous, boggy ponds and lakes Graphoderus perplexus BT, DN, June, July 21 (3, 6, 7, 8, 11, 12 ), wide- Sharp spread in boreal habitats, permanent ponds, lakes and bogs Hydaticus aruspex BT, DN, May, June 4 (3, 6, 7, 11, 12), widespread, Clark many lentic habitats https://scholar.valpo.edu/tgle/vol46/iss1/7 4 MacLean: Inventory of Aquatic and Semiaquatic Coleoptera from the Grand Po

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Table 1. Continued.

Family (no. sp.), Method and month(s) No. records (no. habitat species collected types), and literature notes Hydaticus piceus BT, DN, May, June, 4 (3, 12), permanent ponds, fens LeConte August and marshes Hydrocolus stagna- DN, June, July, Sep- 14 (6, 9, 11, 18), northeast, lis (Gemminger and tember margins of small cold pools and Harold) 1 creeks Hydroporus dentellus BT, LT, June, July, 13 (2, 6, 7, 8), widespread, bo- Fall August real, lentic habitats with dense vegetation Hydroporus dichrous LT, September 2 (11, 16), margins of small Melsheimer ponds and slow streams with dense vegetation Hydroporus fuscipennis BT, June 1 (8), widespread, small tempo- Schaum rary pools Hydroporus niger Say DN, July September 3 (n.a.), margins of sun-warmed pools Hydroporus notabilis DN, July 9 (6, 11), widespread, arctic and LeConte boreal, small pools Hydroporus tristis LT, August 5 (7, 8), small peatland pools Paykull and other lentic habitats Hygrotus falli (Wallis) 1 DN, June 2 (11), northeast and Great Lakes Hygrotus impresso- DN, June 1 (8), widely distributed, shal- punctatus (Schaller) low ponds and pools Hygrotus laccophilinus BT, LT, July, August 8 (3, 7), northeast, small ponds (LeConte) Hygrotus picatus BT, DN, May, June, 7 (3, 6, 7, 8), widespread, boreal, (Kirby) July ponds and marshes Hygrotus sayi DN, LT, May, June, 104 (3, 4, 8, 11), widespread, J. Balfour-Browne July, August, Septem- margins of ponds and slowly ber flowing streams Hygrotus tumidiventris BT, June 1 (11), temporary and perma- (Fall) nent ponds Hygrotus turbidus DN, June 2 (11), widespread (LeConte) Ilybius biguttulus BT, LT, June, August 2 (6), permanent warm lentic (Germar) habitats Ilybius fraterculus DN, June 1 (3), permanent ponds LeConte Ilybius picipes (Kirby) DN, June 1 (7), Permanent lentic habitats

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Table 1. Continued.

Family (no. sp.), Method and month(s) No. records (no. habitat species collected types), and literature notes Ilybius pleuriticus BT, DN, LT, June, July 9 (2, 4, 7, 8, 10), a wide range of LeConte lentic habitats Ilybius subaeneus DN, June, July 2 (2), shallow lentic habitats Erichson Lacccophilus biguttatus DN, May 1 (6), permanent ponds except Kirby peatland pools Lacccophilus maculosus BT, DN, June, July, 6 (8, 15), shallow permanent Say October pools and ponds Laccornis conoideus DN, October 1 (15), cold shallow pools, peat- (LeConte) land ponds and slow moving streams Neoporus undulatus BT, DN, June, July, 125 (3, 4, 6, 8, 10, 11, 16), (Say) August margins of beaver ponds, slow marshy streams and small lakes Neoscutopterus hornii BT, June, July 2 (1, 2, 3, 7), small mossy pools (Crotch) in bogs and fens Rhantus binotatus BT, DN, June, July, 5 (8, 14), primarily seeps, (Harris) September springs and small streams Rhantus consimilis DN, June, July 5 (11), warm weedy ponds Motschoulsky Rhantus sinuatus DN, September 1 (10), lentic habitats with (LeConte) dense emergent vegetation Rhantus wallasi Hatch DN, June 3 (3, 7), ponds with emergent vegetation GYRINIDAE (14) Dineutus assimilis DN, June, August 2 (3, 11), lakes and ponds Kirby Dineutus hornii Rob- DN, June, August, 80 (3, 6, 7, 16), lakes, ponds erts September and fens Dineutus nigrior DN, September 3 (6), bog lakes and other lentic Roberts habitats Gyrinus aeneolus DN, August, September 15 (4, 6, 7, 8, 14, 16), ponds and LeConte lentic lakes Gyrinus affinis Aubé DN, September 19 (14, 16), streams and lakes Gyrinus confinis DN, June, August, 96 (6, 7, 16, 19), mostly lentic, LeConte September also lotic habitats Gyrinus impressicollis DN, June, July 4 (6, 7, 9), lakes and streams Kirby Gyrinus latilimbus Fall DN, June, September 2 (8, 14), small lakes

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Table 1. Continued.

Family (no. sp.), Method and month(s) No. records (no. habitat species collected types), and literature notes Gyrinus lecontei Fall DN, July, September 7 (6, 14), mainly small ponds and lakes Gyrinus maculeventris DN, June 1 (6), widespread, lentic habi- LeConte tats Gyrinus minutus Fa- DN, June, August 2 (6, 12), lentic habitats bricius Gyrinus pectoralis DN, June, July, August 65 (2, 3, 6, 11), lentic habitats LeConte Gyrinus pugionis Fall DN, June, August 4 (4, 16), mainly lentic habitats Gyrinus ventralis Kirby DN, June, September 3 (6, 8), mainly lentic habitats HYDROPHILIDAE (20) Anacaena lutescens DN, LT, July, August, 11 (4, 8, 14), ponds, marshes, (Stephens) September lake shores and stream margins Berosus seriatus (Say) DN, June 45 (4, 11), shallow lentic habitats or slowly moving water Berosus striatus (Say) DN, LT, May, June 33 (3, 4, 11), shallow lentic habitats or slowly moving water Cercyon roseni Knisch LT, June 2 (2, 3), margins of ponds, lakes, marshes and bogs Cymbiodyta vindicata DN, LT, June, August, 6 (7, 8), mainly lentic, stream Fall September edges, also some non aquatic habitats Enochrus hamiltoni DN, LT, May, June, 63 (1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8), wide variety (Horn) July, August, Septem- of habitats, mainly shallow ber ponds with vegetation Enochrus ochraceus LT, August, September 6 (1, 2, 4, 5), ponds, lakes and (Melsheimer) small streams with dense vegetation Helophorus inflectus DN, May 5 (11), n. a. McCorkle Helophorus lineatus DN, July 1 (11), n. a. Say Helophorus sempervari- DN, September 2 (17), edges of shallow tempo- ans Angus rary pools and small streams Hydrobius fuscipes LT, PFT, July, August 3 (n. a.), bogs and shallow ponds (Linnaeus) Hydrobius melaenus LT, September 6 (1), mainly lotic habitats, oc- (Germar) casionally lentic Hydrochara obtusata BT, LT, June, August 12 (2, 4), shallow lotic and lentic (Say) habitats with dense vegetation

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Table 1. Continued.

Family (no. sp.), Method and month(s) No. records (no. habitat species collected types), and literature notes Hydrocus granulatus LT, June, July, Sep- 6 (8, 11), temporary shallow Blatchley tember ponds Hydrocus pseudosqua- DN, August 1 (10), n.a. mifer Mille Paracymus subcupreus DN, June, August 7 (8, 16), edges of ponds and (Say) lakes with emergent vegetation Tropisternus glaber DN, October 1 (14), marshes, swamps and (Herbst) bogs Tropisternus lateralis DN, LT, May, June 16 (2, 3, 4, 10, 16), lentic and nimbatus (Say) lotic habitats September Tropisternus mixtus DN, June, July, August, 48 (2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 10, 12 LeConte September 14, 16), mostly ponds and shallow lakes, also stream margins Tropisternus natator (d’ DN, June, July 6 (2, 3, 4, 10), wide range of Orchymont) habitats, mostly ponds, also stream margins ELIMIDAE (3) Dubiraphia quadrino- DN, September 7 (17, 18), rocky riffles of small tata (Say) to medium-sized streams Optioservus fastitidus DN, June, September 4 (6, 18), rocky stream riffles (LeConte) and occasionally wave-swept lake margins Stenelmis crenata (Say) DN, September 1 (18), rocky stream riffles HETEROCERIDAE (1) Heterocerus brunneus LT, June 1 (4), margins of streams and Melsheimer rivers HELODIDAE (1) Cyphon nr. variabilis LT, August, September >500 (1, 2, 3, 5), larvae aquatic, Thurnberg adults terrestrial near water CHRYSOMELIDAE (7) Calligrapha philadel- DN, July 1 (17), reported on Cornus phica (L.) Donacia hirticollis DN, June, August 5 (3, 8), lentic habitats with Kirby vascular hydrophytes Donacia piscatrix DN, June 6 (3, 6, 7, 8), lentic habitats with Lacordaire vascular hydrophytes Donacia porosicollis DN, June, September 2 (2, 8), lentic habitats with Lacordaire vascular hydrophytes

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Table 1. Continued.

Family (no. sp.), Method and month(s) No. records (no. habitat species collected types), and literature notes Donacia tuberculifrons DN, June, July, August, 3 (6, 8, 16), lentic habitats with Schaeffer September vascular hydrophytes Neohaemonia nigricor- DN, June 14 (3, 4, 7, 8), lentic habitats nis (Kirby) with vascular hydrophytes Pyrrhalta decora (Say) DN, June, August 2 (3, 8), reported on Salix and Populus CURCULIONIDAE (5) Listronotus appendicu- DN, August 2 (16), lentic habitats with vas- latus (Boheman) cular hydrophytes Listronotus echinodori DN, June 2 (6, 11), lentic habitats with O’Brien vascular hydrophytes Listronotus grypidiodes DN, September 1 (8) lentic habitats with vascu- (Dietz) lar hydrophytes Lixus caudifer LeConte DN, July 2 (11), lentic habitats with vascular hydrophytes Notiodes limatulus DN, September 2 (11), lentic habitats with vas- (Gyllenhal) cular hydrophytes

1 new Minnesota state record.

each. Based on these collections, seventy seven percent of species were considered rare or uncommon (1-10 records), twenty percent as common (11-100 records) and only three percent as abundant (more than 100 records). Sixty nine percent of species were collected at only 1 or 2 habitat types, twenty two percent at 3-5 and only nine percent at 6-10 habitats types (Table 1). However, caution must be used in interpreting both abundance and habitat data due to differences in sampling methods and unequal numbers of site collections.

Discussion HALIPLIDAE. Eight of the seventeen species of Haliplidae known to occur in Minnesota (Gundersen and Otremba 1988) were collected at the GPIR. Haliplus leopardus Roberts is recorded from Minnesota for the first time. The two most abundant species and habitat generalists, were H. immaculicollis Har- ris and H. cribarius LeConte. Haliplus immaculicolis occurs in a wide range of aquatic habitats and is widespread across Minnesota (Gundersen and Otremba 1988). Haliplus cribarius, found primarily in northeastern Minnesota, inhabits shallow weedy habitats. Three or fewer specimens of H. blanchardi Roberts, H. connexus Matheson and Peltodytes edentulus (LeConte) were collected at the GPIR. Gundersen and Otremba (1988) recorded H. connexus from north central and central Minnesota but not from the northeastern part of the state. Peltodytes edentulus, common and widespread across Minnesota, was rare at the GPIR. DYTISCIDAE. Sixteen genera and 53 species of Dytiscidae were recorded from the GPIR. In addition, one female specimen was tentatively identified as either Hydrocolus paugus (Fall) or H. persimilis (Crotch), another as either Hydroporus gossei Larson & Roughly or Hydroporus rectus (Fall) and two others

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2013 THE GREAT LAKES ENTOMOLOGIST 113 as members of the Hydroporus obscurus Group, possibly H. obscurus (Sturm). Hydrocolus stagnalis (G. and H.) and Hygrotus falli (Wallis) were recorded for the first time from Minnesota. Based on distribution records for Minnesota Dytiscidae (Gundersen 1997a, 1997b; Larson et al. 2000), the following species are recorded for the first time from either the coniferous region or northeastern Minnesota: Acilius mediatus (Say), Dytiscus alaskanus J. Balfour-Browne, Hydaticus piceus LeConte and Neoscutopterus hornii (Crotch). Except for a pre-1940 record, this is only the second record of Graphoderus fasciollis from the coniferous region of Minnesota. Additional records for extreme northeastern Minnesota include Colymbetes sculptilis Harris, Desmopachria convexa (Aubé), Dytiscus cordieri Aubé, D. fasciventris Say, D. harrisi Kirby, D. verticalis Say, Graphoderus liberus (Say), Hygrotus impressopunctatus (Schaller), H. laccophilinus (LeConte), H. tumidiventris (Fall), Ilybius fraterculus LeConte, I. picpies (Kirby), Lacccophilus biguttatus Kirby, Laccornis conoideus (LeConte), Rhantus consimilis Motschoulsky and R. sinuatus (LeConte). The close proximity of the GPIR to Canada made it possible to evaluate broad habitat preferences of dytiscid species found at the GPIR based on their presence or absence in Canadian ecozones (Ecological Stratification Working Group 1996, Larson et al. 2000). Based on Larson et al. (2000, see Table 2) 28 species present at the GPIR occur in 9 or more ecozones while 14 species occur in 5 or fewer ecozones. Of those judged to be habitat specialists, Agabus semivittatus LeConte was the most specialized. GYRINIDAE. Dineutus hornii Roberts, Gyrinus affinis Aubé, G. confinis LeConte and G. pectoralis LeConte, the four most abundant species at the GPIR, are common and widespread across Minnesota and the upper Midwest (Ferkinhoff and Gundersen 1983). The few records of Dineutus assimilis Kirby and D. nigrior Roberts collected from the GPIR, most likely did not reflect their abundance as both are common in Minnesota but was likely due to the relatively few lotic habitats sampled. HYDROPHILIDAE. Eleven genera and 20 species of Hydrophilidae were recorded from the GPIR. While not included in Table 1, a larva of the genus Laccophilus was collected in 2003. Nearly 70% of the hydrophilid species collected at GPIR were rare to uncommon (< 10 records). Only Berosus striatus (Say), Enochrus hamiltoni (Horn) and Tropisternus mixtus LeConte were relatively common. Thirteen hydrophilid species were found at only 1 or 2 habitat types while two species were found at more than six different habitat types. Enochrus hamiltoni, a widely distributed and highly polymorphic species (Gundersen 1977, 2006), was collected at 10 GPIR sites. Cercyon roseni Knisch, Enochrus ochraceus (Melsheimer), Hydrocus granulatus Blatchley, Hydrobius fuscipes (Linnaeus) and H. melaenus (Germar) were collected only by light traps. C. roseni, a northern transcontinental species that is uncommon in Minnesota (Smetana 1978), was recorded from two sites. Cymbiodyta vindicata, uncommon in coniferous areas of the state (Gundersen 2006), was recorded from three sites. Both roseni and vindicata have been reported from semiaquatic as well as aquatic habitats (Smetana 1978, 1988). Hydrobius fuscipes occurs in shallow ponds and sphagnum bogs and H. melaenus in spring-fed streams and occasionally in standing water (Gundersen 2006). CHRYSOMELIDAE, ELIMIDAE, HETEROCERIDAE, HELODI- DAE and CURCULIONIDAE. Five genera and seven species of semiaquatic Chrysomelidae were collected at the GPIR, the most common of which was Neo- haemonia nigricornis (Kirby). The few riffle beetles collected at the GPIR were likely due to the relatively few lotic habitats sampled. Optioservus fastitidus, was collected from a wave-swept lake margin (Hilsenhoff and Schmude 1992) as well as streams and small rivers. The families Heteroceridae, and Helodidae were each represented by a single species. Cyphon variabilis (Helodidae), was common to very abundant in light trap collections. Adults of two non indigenous https://scholar.valpo.edu/tgle/vol46/iss1/7 10 MacLean: Inventory of Aquatic and Semiaquatic Coleoptera from the Grand Po

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root feeding weevils, Phyllobius oblongus (L.) and Polydrusus sericeus (Schaller), collected by dipnet samples in 2012, were not included as these species are not considered to be aquatic or semiaquatic (Bright 2006). However, the presence of oblongus and sericeus in dipnet samples suggests the possibility that these species utilize speckled alder [(Alnus incana (L.)] as a host plant (Pinski et. al 2005) that grows along swampy lake margins and wetlands.

Acknowledgments I wish to express my gratitude to Ralph Gundersen, Ethan Bright, and Paul Tinerella for their invaluable help in verifying the identity of some species of Coleoptera. I also wish to thank Margaret Watkins, water quality specialist, Andrew Schmidt, Wetland Specialist and Curtis Gagnon, Trust Lands Adminis- trator, of the Grand Portage Band for their help and permission to publish these results. I also thank my wife Bonnie and daughter Julie for their support and help.

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