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Studies in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of City Planning

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Studies in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of City Planning DEVELOP}{ENT OF A BASE MODEL FOR THE CANADTAN FORCES BY HARRY GORDON BOI.JI\ A thesis submitted to the Facul-tv of Graduates Studies in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of City Planning Iln i r¡e rs'i 1-v o f Mani toba I¡l'i nn i necr _ Manitoba DEVELOPI4ENT OF I\ BASE MODEL FOR THE CANADIAN FORCES BY HARRY GORDON B(]!¡lN A clissertation subnlitted to the Faculty of Gra<.tuate Studies of' the Uníversity of Manitoba in partial fulfillrnent ol'the requircments ol tlrc degrce of |{ASTER OF CITY PLA.NNING @;1978 Fer¡r¡ission has bccn gruntctl to tl¡e l-ltsRARV OF Ttltj UNIVER- SITV OF þlAN¡TOllA to lcnd or sell copies of this dissertr¡tior¡, tt¡ tl:e NATIONAL LIBRARV O¡r (IANADA to rnicrotilm tltis rlissertution and to lend or scll copics of the fiint, and UN¡VUll,SlTY MICROFILMS tc¡ publish an ubstruct of this dissert¿¡tion. Thc author reserves othen publicatio¡r nights, and ncithcr the disscrtution nor extensivc cxtracts from it ntay be printed or other- wise reproduced without thc uutlrt¡l''s wnittc¡r ¡rerrrrissiorr. ABSTRACT Harry Gordon Bown: Development of a Base Model for the Canadian Forces, MCP Thesis, Universit.y of lt{anitoba, 7\nvi'l I¡T.innjnanyVf,rllraPsV J M¡n.i+aÈ-L'lattL L(JIJCL, äPr¿¿ Lv26- , LJlqTR- t a . At present there are 32 bases, 35 stations and 9 miscell-anous units with a unique layout of buildings on each one. This causes a number of problems within the individual bases, but more so for, mainly, the overall- n1=n¡.i nrinr-in'l es IJlly^L.,-.;^-l Þ-LUd.-L y¿alrr¡ritY no v!of !qrçÐbases- . Ther¡¿e y¿q¡¡¡r4¡¿Ynlanninrt fOf a base are compared \^/ith those of a civilian town, and the common components of a base, i.e. those that are ¡/!eru¡¡nreqenf i n s.r.)me form- rêctãrdless of si ze or \,vhether the base is of the Sea, Land or Air element, are identified. Fin:'l¡ !¿¡q¿¿l' lw ,- as mode'l¡trvuv+, f crmed J-he FOrmal Horizontal model, r^zh i r-h .rrôrlr.sY!vsf/e the cotnmon components around a formal space, is proposed to serve as a core for future base develop- ments. Il- ACKNOI,VLEDGEMENTS The author wishes to gratefully acknowledge the qJ-:nr.a ¡qqì e¡¡s:nrl crlliYu4sqr¿vu dAnôê Y¿vv¡¡cli rzen vJlrr¡ f ho fo'l I nr^¡i nrr' Dr. D. Styliaras and Prof. B. Rotoff of the Department ofv! Citvvr uJ Plannir ¿s¡¡¡¡¿¡¡Y nrr I- ilnivL¿¿ r¡ersi f v of Man'i f nha under \^¡hose srnerr¡isionv svv! the work was carried out. Dr. Geral-d Hodge, Chairman, School of Urban and r\çYReoional rvrrq¿ Planninrr-r Jq¡¡¡¡r¡¡Y t ôrreentq\¿ svç¿¡ Ilnir¡ersitv- Kincrqton - C)n¡r:iO r¡ho gave valuable insight into resource communities. Ily conferes in the Military Engineering Branch, but expeciall-y Major M.G. Christie who acted as a sounding board. Ilrs. Tania Waters r,vho tVped the thesis. ]-tl- TABLE OF CONTENTS Page ABSTRê.CT i ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ii TABLE OF CONTENTS iii LIST OF FIGURES LIST OF TABLES vr- GLOSSARY OF TERMS vii PREFACE X CHAPTER I TNTRODUCTION 1.1 Aam ---- 1 r.2 Scope ;I 1.3 General- ¿ 1¿. Description of the Existing System 6 t\ Exisl.ino Problems ------ 1 1.6 Stat.e of the Art 11 l¡<1 Modern Bases 13 I.7 Summary 1ll 2 THE TOWN AND THE BASE z.)-11 General 16 ¿.¿ Background Information 16 2.3 Definition of a Town 18 ¿.5.L The Resource Town and the Base 2L 2.3 .L.r History 2T ??1) êon,rr¡nhr¡ 22 ¿.5.L.J^11a Physi-ca1 Characteris tics ¿ó ^a] Population 29 ¿.5.!.)^t1- Pol-itical Characteristics 33 /<th Sociological Characteristics ¿.5.1-.b.1- Generaf J¿} ¿.J.r.o.¿1aô Division of Labor 39 ¿-5.!.O.J1aa Age and Sex 40 L. J. L. O. J. I Single Personnel --- 4L L+¿ z.^1144 J. J-. O. + Ethnicity /<thî 1a Cl-ass Distinction AL^a ) 1. 16 Education AA ^ 2 .3 .r.6 .7 Recreation Facilities 44 ,?11 Economics --- ¿.5.L.ö1^ Summary 4ó iv 2.4 Cornparison of the Planning Principl-es 52 2.4.I Industrial Area 5B T^^^!.:^* ) ¿, I I !(JUCl LI(JII 59 2.4 .I.2 Site Requiremenrs 59 2.4.r.3 Ql¡¡¡o ¡,rÁo¡c --- 59 2 .4 .L.4 ï.:rznrr{- 60 2.4.I.5 al-llìêârâllõê bU 2.5 Comparison of the Planning Processes OU õ.-*-- ---- ù Lltlutlctt v ---- 65 2.7 concluêion 67 J THE ELE}MNTS OF A BASE 3.1 fntroduction 7I 3.2 General 72 3.3 Background fnformation 72 3.4 The Common Components 73 3.5 The fnteraction of the Components 77 People Movement 7B 3.5.2 fnfòrmation and Directicn B1 Goods B3 3.6 Summary B5 3.7 Conclusion BB TI.IE MODEL DEVELOP}{ENT 4.t General go 4.2 The Criteria sn A,? The l4odels q q The Point qà 4.3.r'ì Model -- Á.2 l Discussion 99 4.3.2 The Formal Horizontal Model ------ 100 4.3.2.r Discussion 'l n'l A?? The Nodal li{odel ln? A??I Discussion 1 n? mlra l\4=+r'i v À4ai.}rnÄn] 4.4 f rrE 1'ro u.J- ¿^ I'fE LrluuurLJvnnr¡ y - - -LvJ1n( /1 Al Tl¡a Qtlrr¡arr ¿v9l nO 'i 'ì li4odeì Ann'l r-atiOn LVJnq 'ì 'ì ¿1 .O Conclusion o 5 SUM}{ARY AND CONCLUSIONS 5.1 General 113 '1 'l 5.2 Thc Acri ncr Tn f f aStrUCtUre LLJ ? 5.3 The l'4ethod of Planning r!=11A Town and Base Planninq 1 1 A ì q 5.5 The Common Components LLJI 5.6 The Mode1s tl6 BIBLIOGRÀPHY tlB AN}JEX A -_ 121 LÏST OF FÏGURNS Figure Þ:ao 1 3 a Z 3 24 A = 26 Jl- 6 62 7 OJ B 73 u 1A 10 ó¿ 11 84 I2 B6 13 97 T4 9B th r02 I6 104 LI L07 VI L]ST OF TABLES Table Þ: na I I = 25 27 3¿ vl- l- GLOSSARY OF TERMS Base a unit designated as such, the function of which is to provide such accommodation and support services for assi-gned units. thfôñrâtttñlf a unit which is functionally ¡nnf rn'l'ìaÄ ?rrr the Same COmmand as exercises command over the Base Commander. Integration sômêf h'i no f h:t sfu evy ons u shnr.l-urrv! u Of unification (see Unification) . At thc \/êr\z 'l c¡qJ- i.l. rr,ê:ha devising structures that enhance co-ordination between the three services, the Department itself and the Defence Research Board. At the other extreme, it may mean unification of sections of the armed forces, usually the crrnnnr{- i nn .ort¡j ¡1eS s¡¡uanI yqrnâ1.tS Of t€a J-ur¿ç ho I/rqrrtrr¡tvr¡'l :nn i na 5-+' Ld,M. - vaal- an autonomous unit of cne command o:: National Defence Headquarters ivhich normalllz is lodged on a host unit of a different command. Mes s the organization rvhose membership is related to identifiable rank structure or associated standards; or +J-,aLlIE l.rr¡i'l!UaJUr¡¡Y Ä'i nn v!11 ¡ f aci I i f.v in WhiCh the activities take place. Semi-Urban and Isolated rlatormincdqu uu!flt¿¡¡es hvv_¡ Âssessino three factors to cletermine the degree a. climatic conditions b. distance to urban locations U.(1 rr.ll'1r11:tiOn nÀ l¡ulttvv!nrrml-r¡r nF _y.n9i¡ls a¡'e aWafded fr¡r fhe deoree of remoteness and the services suPPlied auuv!^^^^-^.ì ur¡!Y*^1-, JJ . .-*..i ! ¡^^.i Station d-- L,llIr L uÇпY¡¡(^- ated as such. The station provides essentiallY the same services as a base but on a smaller scale. Uni fi cation J-ho morcrinõ ôf the armed forces :nriq¡¿s fu¡!u4! hp i r slrnnort'iu qVI/v no strllcl-ureS Illuvin1-o aq sinoleÐr¡¡Yaç v!Yq¿¿+.ìr.rârrizai- ion rntith Oã rrn'iUilr fçq¿r rrr¡ rrtr9!O!UlrvJrì or=rnl.rrz . l-x Urban bases rvhich are l-ocated either within five miles of the bound- aries of or in a suburb of an urban community with a population in excess of 25,000. X PREFACE Military planning, or at the very least, military considerations in planning have been a dominant consideration in the physical planning of human habitations throughout the history of man. As he emerged from the cave and began to gather in small communities, man acquired possessions in the form of household goodsrcrops,and cattle that needed protection from the elements and/or greedv neighbours. This Drotection took phvsical form earlv on in the defensive elements of his habitatiohs viz waIIs, ditches and inaccessible locations. Part of the evolution involved the formation of special units Or armies whose nrimarv ÞurDOSe \,las to be prepared to administer force i-n whatever degree required to achieve the aims of the Society. Certain characteristics or behaviour patterns of soldiers were fel-t to ensure, to the highest degree possible, the success of any operaLion. Trnrn¡vvv ofv! fhe 6¡ìm:rrrJ *-'1rê.rìr'i .'i teS Of a militafy fOfCe Wefe rlisr-'inlv-!vv+ìr' ine and. a sense of order which became, particularly in ancient Roman times, embodied in the physical layout of their camps and towns.
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