DOCSLIB.ORG

Pregnancy-Related Changes You Can Expect Before and After Baby Comes

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Pregnancy-Related Changes You Can Expect Before and After Baby Comes Pregnancy-related changes you can expect before and after baby comes When you start sharing the news that you’re pregnant, everyBABY single mother you know will inevitably bombard you with opinions, stories and advice on what to do NEWBEAUTY.COM during the nine months of constant change. While the well-meaning do really mean well, not every mom-to- be will experience the same concerns. To sort through 150 the stockpile of information, we asked experts to share their tips on how to keep skin happy through each trimester, and what to do when it’s not. SPRING 2021 SPRING ON BOARDby Tatiana Bido VICTOR DYOMIN/GETTY IMAGES, IMAGE USED FOR ILLUSTRATIVE PURPOSES ONLY ONLY PURPOSES ILLUSTRATIVE FOR USED IMAGE IMAGES, DYOMIN/GETTY VICTOR Maternity vs. Nursing Glow Recipe Bras Turns out, the often talked about “pregnancy glow” is real. “Due to excess sebum production from glandular tissue and increased blood volume, skin swells and Breast changes start happening many women experience what is known as a pregnancy glow,” explains New pretty early on—around six to eight York gynecologist Dr. Monica Grover. However, many women also experience weeks—and many moms-to-be find uncomfortable pregnancy-related skin changes as early as the first trimester, that they outgrow their everyday while others don’t until their second or third. “This is why it’s so important to bras very quickly. Normal weight use skin-care products that are clean and clinical because they will support gain and an expanding rib cage are the most common pregnancy-related skin issues and have the highest-quality to blame for the first set of changes, standards and be made in a sterile environment with the most carefully followed by expanding mammary sourced ingredients,” advises master aesthetician Abigail Zsenai. glands that are preparing to make milk later in pregnancy. The Difference Maternity bras offer proper support Problem: to your breasts as they grow in size, Common and a nursing bra is worn to aid Ingredient with breastfeeding. To get ready in Concerns advance, Cosabella co-CEO Silvia Safety Campello says to purchase two or three maternity bras or bralettes NEWBEAUTY.COM Problem: Problem: When selecting your skin care, at a time, while checking your size anything that can enter into the every four to six weeks. Hormonal Melasma bloodstream, like retinol, is 152 considered a no-no. “You want Sometimes referred to as “the mask When to Switch Acne to follow the safest guidelines for of pregnancy,” melasma is a hard- “It is best to wait until your milk the health of your baby, and some Hormone shifts during pregnancy to-treat form of discoloration that comes in and your hormones have ingredients can affect the skin in a can cause acne, even for those who usually shows up in patches on the recalibrated after birth to purchase negative way or be absorbed into the didn’t have it as a teen. “Pregnancy face. “Increased levels of estrogen nursing bras,” advises Campello. SPRING 2021 SPRING body,” says Zsenai. “Protein-binding acne can be really frustrating for and progesterone encourage This can range anywhere from one retinols can enter the bloodstream some, and treatment options during pigment cells in the body due to an to three months after childbirth. and then be stored as retinyl esters, this time are limited due to potential increase in the melanin-stimulating and ultimately get metabolized.” Pro Tip: Campello recommends toxicities,” says Newport Beach, CA hormone from the anterior pituitary Experts also flag the use of topical buying nursing camisoles for the first dermatologist Zenovia Gabriel, MD. gland, which can result in melasma benzoyl peroxide, oral tetracyclines, few weeks after birth until you get a and other pigment changes,” explains salicylic acid and essential oils. nursing bra for support and flexibility Dr. Zenovia. “The discoloration Solution: while breast size is fluctuating. commonly occurs on the forehead, “If your doctor OKs it, you can use upper lip and cheeks.” Solution: low-dose benzoyl peroxide safely, St. Louis plastic surgeon Michele but another key ingredient I like is Solution: Koo, MD says it’s important to be erythromycin, although it does specific when it comes to retinol, require a prescription,” says Dr. “Ultraviolet rays can stimulate the as there are some pregnancy-safe Zenovia. “Always be sure to consult melanocytes in your skin, so the sun options. “Historically, retinol has your dermatologist or OBGYN before can make melasma worse,” says been confused with tretinoin and starting a new skin care regimen.” Zsenai. “That is why it’s so important isotretinoin, and understandably so to wear a ‘physical’ or mineral because they are all in the vitamin sun block with titanium dioxide A family. As a result, people have and/or zinc oxide with an SPF 30 assumed that retinol isn’t safe during consistently in the summer months, pregnancy, but that isn’t true. As and especially while pregnant.” long as the product contains 8000 Cosabella Never Say Never Maternity IU or less, it’s perfectly safe.” ONLY PURPOSES ILLUSTRATIVE FOR USED IMAGE IMAGES, ALEKSANDARNAKIC/GETTY Mommie Nursing Bralette $80, cosabella.com The Kit Before you pack the diaper bag, stock up on the face and body care you’ll need most pre- and post-baby. Body Made with just nine essential ingredients, including organic Changes coconut oil and hyaluronic acid, typology 9-Ingredient Moisturizer is lightweight, Weight gain, fluid retention, stretch fragrance-free and naturally marks, discoloration, and skin irritation derived. $20, typology.com are common once that belly pops and Stretch Marks you’re coasting through the second “Don’t obsess about the stretch and third trimesters. And though marks,” advises Dr. Ross. “You can everything settles back to normal The marula, rosehip and centella oils thank your mother, your grandmother eventually, in the moment it can feel in Evereden Golden Belly Serum and your great grandmother for this like someone else’s body. Here’s help boost collagen while soothing genetic gift. Determination of who’s and healing skin before and after what to expect. going to get stretch marks and who baby. $32, evereden.com To keep skin supple, Mama is not is purely genetic.” Two tips Mio Tummy Rub from Dr. Grover include losing weight Scrub exfoliates slowly to give skin time to regain its with papaya NEWBEAUTY.COM Dry, Itchy Skin elasticity, and using moisturizing extract, volcanic ointments that prevent marks from sand, and a blend One of the most typical issues Santa of avocado, inchi Monica, CA gynecologist Dr. Sherry worsening and soothe the itching and argan oils. $25, 154 Ross hears from her patients is associated with skin expansion. mioskincare.com uncomfortable skin. “Dryness and mild itching is a normal symptom of pregnancy,” she says. “You can alleviate it by drinking water to stay hydrated SPRING 2021 SPRING Loose Skin or using virgin coconut oil and warm Pregnancy-safe Private Practice water to moisturize the flaky skin.” Loose or lax postpartum skin on the by Dr. Koo Level 1 ph Optimum stomach is a normal concern among Retinol Sustaining 1000 IUs new moms, and how that skin is Pads can be used nightly to reset skin and smooth lines. With a new organic treated immediately after giving $120, drkooskincare.com formula, lanolin-free birth can help begin the process Mustela Organic The Pregnancy Line of bouncing back. “The degree of Nursing Comfort looseness depends on the elasticity,” Balm nourishes and “Excess concentrations of estrogen and protects nipples with progesterone can lead to a host of skin explains Dr. Grover. “How much the vitamin E for restored changes, including darkening,” says Dr. belly stretched and how slowly or skin during and after Grover. “Some of these changes include quickly the post-pregnancy weight is breastfeeding. $15, mustelausa.com hyperpigmentation on body parts such lost will factor in. Rubbing carrier oils, as the areolas, neck, under the arms, like jojoba oil or coconut oil, along the genital urinary areas, and a dark line the tummy line can help tighten down the belly known as a linea nigra.” the skin. Ingredients, like collagen, This line can last for several months vitamin C and retinoids—if you are after childbirth, and for some, it may not breastfeeding—might also help Dual-use Knours Be fade, but never fully go away. skin recover some of its firmness.” Kind Double Duty Mist caters to the impact of hormone HATCH Mama Belly Masks shifts on the skin with are belly facials in a sheet mask a balancing mix of that contain all-natural aloe aloe vera water and PEOPLEIMAGES/GETTY IMAGES, IMAGE USED FOR ILLUSTRATIVE PURPOSES ONLY PURPOSES ILLUSTRATIVE FOR USED IMAGE IMAGES, PEOPLEIMAGES/GETTY vera and propolis to minimize jojoba oil. $36, irregular stripes and scars. knoursbeauty.com $12 each, hatchcollection.com.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Update on Challenging Disorders of Pigmentation in Skin of Color Heather Woolery-Lloyd, M.D
    Update on Challenging Disorders of Pigmentation in Skin of Color Heather Woolery-Lloyd, M.D. Director of Ethnic Skin Care Voluntary Assistant Professor Miller/University of Miami School of Medicine Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery What Determines Skin Color? What Determines Skin Color? No significant difference in the number of melanocytes between the races 2000 epidermal melanocytes/mm2 on head and forearm 1000 epidermal melanocytes/mm2 on the rest of the body differences present at birth Jimbow K, Quevedo WC, Prota G, Fitzpatrick TB (1999) Biology of melanocytes. In I. M. Freedberg, A.Z. Eisen, K. Wolff,K.F. Austen, L.A. Goldsmith, S. I. Katz, T. B. Fitzpatrick (Eds.), Dermatology in General Medicine 5th ed., pp192-220, New York, NY: McGraw Hill Melanosomes in Black and White Skin Black White Szabo G, Gerald AB, Pathak MA, Fitzpatrick TB. Nature1969;222:1081-1082 Jimbow K, Quevedo WC, Prota G, Fitzpatrick TB (1999) Biology of melanocytes. In I. M. Freedberg, A.Z. Eisen, K. Wolff, K.F. Austen, L.A. Goldsmith, S. I. Katz, T. B. Fitzpatrick (Eds.), Dermatology in General Medicine 5th ed., pp192- 220, New York, NY: McGraw Hill Role of Melanin-Advantages Melanin absorbs and scatters energy from UV and visible light to protect epidermal cells from UV damage Disadvantages Inflammation or injury to the skin is almost immediately accompanied by alteration in pigmentation Hyperpigmentation Hypopigmentation Dyschromias Post-Inflammatory hyperpigmentation Acne Melasma Lichen Planus Pigmentosus Progressive Macular Hypomelanosis
    [Show full text]
  • Childbirth Education Booklet
    Childbirth Education Contents Normal Discomforts of Pregnancy 2 Call Your Doctor 4 Late Pregnancy 5 Labor: Stage 1 6 Labor: Stages 2 & 3 8 Breastfeeding in the Hospital 9 Breathing Techniques 10 Birth Plans 10 Labor Positions 11 How Your Partner and Doula Can Help 13 Packing for the Hospital 15 Normal Discomforts of Pregnancy Fatigue Backache • Listen to your body, take naps, get extra rest • Maintain correct posture • Do pelvic tilt exercises while standing and on hands Stuffy Nose and knees • Warm compresses to nose • While on all fours, crawl forwards and backwards, • Cool mist humidifier in your home or rock, and do pelvic tilts bedroom at night • When picking up something lift with your legs to protect your back Shortness of Breath • Don’t stay that way, slow down and catch your breath • For prolonged standing, elevate 1 foot on a step stool • Sleep propped up with pillows or in recliner • Receive back massages • Maintain correct posture Dribble Urine • Moderate intensity exercising (walking, stationary • Do Kegel exercises – at least 50 a day bike, swim, flexibility moves) (do 10 every time you wash your hands) • How can you tell if you are dribbling urine or your Heartburn/Nausea water broke? Call your OB or midwife, and remember • Don’t eat 3 big meals a day, eat 5-6 smaller meals this acronym: • Drink 8 cups of water a day COAT. C=color, O=odor, A=amount, T=time. • Have dry crackers/cereal to nibble on–keep in purse and at bedside • Don’t let stomach become empty • Eat well balanced diet–vitamin B may help to decrease • Avoid
    [Show full text]
  • Melasma (1 of 8)
    Melasma (1 of 8) 1 Patient presents w/ symmetric hyperpigmented macules, which can be confl uent or punctate suggestive of melasma 2 DIAGNOSIS No ALTERNATIVE Does clinical presentation DIAGNOSIS confirm melasma? Yes A Non-pharmacological therapy • Patient education • Camoufl age make-up • Sunscreen B Pharmacological therapy Monotherapy • Hydroquinone or • Tretinoin TREATMENT Responding to No treatment? See next page Yes Continue treatment © MIMSas required Not all products are available or approved for above use in all countries. Specifi c prescribing information may be found in the latest MIMS. B94 © MIMS 2019 Melasma (2 of 8) Patient unresponsive to initial therapy MELASMA A Non-pharmacological therapy • Patient education • Camoufl age make-up • Sunscreen B Pharmacological therapy Dual Combination erapy • Hydroquinone plus • Tretinoin or • Azelaic acid Responding to Yes Continue treatment treatment? as required No A Non-pharmacological therapy • Patient education • Camoufl age make-up • Sunscreen • Laser therapy • Dermabrasion B Pharmacological therapy Triple Combination erapy • Hydroquinone plus • Tretinoin plus • Topical steroid Chemical peels 1 MELASMA • Acquired hyperpigmentary skin disorder characterized by irregular light to dark brown macules occurring in the sun-exposed areas of the face, neck & arms - Occurs most commonly w/ pregnancy (chloasma) & w/ the use of contraceptive pills - Other factors implicated in the etiopathogenesis are photosensitizing medications, genetic factors, mild ovarian or thyroid dysfunction, & certain cosmetics • Most commonly aff ects Fitzpatrick skin phototypes III & IV • More common in women than in men • Rare before puberty & common in women during their reproductive years • Solar & ©ultraviolet exposure is the mostMIMS important factor in its development Not all products are available or approved for above use in all countries.
    [Show full text]
  • Frequency of Different Types of Facial Melanoses Referring to the Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Nepal Medical Colle
    Amatya et al. BMC Dermatology (2020) 20:4 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12895-020-00100-3 RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Frequency of different types of facial melanoses referring to the Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Nepal Medical College and Teaching Hospital in 2019, and assessment of their effect on health-related quality of life Bibush Amatya* , Anil Kumar Jha and Shristi Shrestha Abstract Background: Abnormalities of facial pigmentation, or facial melanoses, are a common presenting complaint in Nepal and are the result of a diverse range of conditions. Objectives: The objective of this study was to determine the frequency, underlying cause and impact on quality of life of facial pigmentary disorders among patients visiting the Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Nepal Medical College and Teaching Hospital (NMCTH) over the course of one year. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted at the Department of Dermatology and Venereology, NMCT H. We recruited patients with facial melanoses above 16 years of age who presented to the outpatient department. Clinical and demographic data were collected and all the enrolled participants completed the validated Nepali version of the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI). Results: Between January 5, 2019 to January 4, 2020, a total of 485 patients were recruited in the study. The most common diagnoses were melasma (166 patients) and post acne hyperpigmentation (71 patients). Quality of life impairment was highest in patients having melasma with steroid induced rosacea-like dermatitis (DLQI = 13.54 ± 1.30), while it was lowest in participants with ephelides (2.45 ± 1.23). Conclusion: Facial melanoses are a common presenting complaint and lead to substantial impacts on quality of life.
    [Show full text]
  • The Effects of Alcohol in Newborns Efeitos Do Álcool No Recém-Nascido
    REVIEW The effects of alcohol in newborns Efeitos do álcool no recém-nascido Maria dos Anjos Mesquita* ABSTRACT alcoólicas leva a prejuízos individuais, para a sua família e para The purpose of this article was to present a review of the effects toda a sociedade. Apesar disso, a dificuldade do seu diagnóstico e of alcohol consumption by pregnant mothers on their newborn. a inexperiência dos profissionais de saúde faz com que o espectro Definitions, prevalence, pathophysiology, clinical features, diagnostic dessas lesões seja pouco lembrado e até desconhecido. As lesões criteria, follow-up, treatment and prevention were discussed. A causadas pela ação do álcool no concepto são totalmente prevenidas search was performed in Medline, LILACS, and SciELO databases se a gestante não consumir bebidas alcoólicas durante a gestação. using the following terms: “fetus”, “newborn”, “pregnant woman”, Assim, é fundamental a detecção das mulheres consumidoras “alcohol”, “alcoholism”, “fetal alcohol syndrome”, and “alcohol- de álcool durante a gravidez e o desenvolvimento de programas related disorders”. Portuguese and English articles published from específicos de alerta sobre as consequências do álcool durante a 2000 to 2009 were reviewed. The effects of alcohol consumed by gestação e amamentação. pregnant women on newborns are extremely serious and occur frequently; it is a major issue in Public Health worldwide. Fetal alcohol Descritores: Bebidas alcoólicas/efeitos adversos; Feto; Recém-nascido; spectrum disorders cause harm to individuals, their families, and the Síndrome alcoólica fetal; Transtornos relacionados ao uso de álcool entire society. Nevertheless, diagnostic difficulties and inexperience of healthcare professionals result in such damage, being remembered rarely or even remaining uncovered.
    [Show full text]
  • Care During Pregnancy and Delivery ACCESSIBLE, QUALITY HEALTH CARE DURING PREGNANCY and DELIVERY
    Care during Pregnancy and Delivery ACCESSIBLE, QUALITY HEALTH CARE DURING PREGNANCY AND DELIVERY Why It’s Important Having a healthy pregnancy and access to quality birth facilities are the best ways to promote a healthy birth and have a thriving newborn. Getting early and regular prenatal care is vital. Prenatal care is the health care that women receive during their entire pregnancy. Prenatal care is more than doctor’s visits and ultrasounds; it is an opportunity to improve the overall well-being and health of the mom which directly affects the health of her baby. Prenatal visits give parents a chance to ask questions, discuss concerns, treat complications in a timely manner, and ensure that mom and baby are safe during pregnancy and delivery. Receiving quality prenatal care can have positive effects long after birth for both the mother and baby. When it is time for the mother to give birth, having access to safe, high quality birth facilities is critical. Early prenatal care, starting in the 1st trimester, is crucial to the health of mothers and babies. But more important than just initiating early prenatal care is receiving adequate prenatal care, having the appropriate number of prenatal care visits at the appropriate intervals throughout the pregnancy. Babies of mothers who do not get prenatal care are three times more likely to be born low birth weight and five times more likely to die than those born to mothers who do get care.1 In 2017 in Minnesota, only 77.1 percent of women received prenatal care within their first trimester of pregnancy.
    [Show full text]
  • Skin Care, Hair Care and Cosmetic Treatments in Pregnancy and Breastfeeding
    Skin Care, Hair Care and Cosmetic Treatments in Pregnancy and Breastfeeding Information in this leaflet is general in nature and should not take the place of advice from your health care provider. With every pregnancy there is a 3 to 5% risk of having a baby with a birth defect. Issues for pregnancy Many pregnant women have skin and hair concerns just as they did before pregnancy. Sometimes conditions such as acne actually worsen during pregnancy because of hormonal changes and often women notice darkening of their skin (melasma). However, due to concern about potentially hazardous exposures to their unborn babies, pregnant women are often uncertain about which products are safe for them to use. Generally cosmetic treatments are discretionary (not medically necessary) and if safety is uncertain, women should consider whether the product or treatment is really required. There are several considerations when evaluating whether a specific skin or hair product is unsafe in pregnancy. Firstly, the active ingredient in the product needs to be considered unsafe. Secondly, it also has to be able to reach the unborn baby in its mother’s womb by inhalation or absorption through the mother’s skin (topical application). Although there is often limited information about the actual safety of specific ingredients in skin products during pregnancy, if it is known that skin absorption is minimal then the exposure to the unborn baby is generally insignificant and the product or treatment is regarded as safe. Below is a summary of current advice. Cosmetics, Moisturisers and other Skin Care Products Cosmetics and over the counter skin products generally contain ingredients that are unlikely to be harmful in pregnancy as they are used by applying to the skin (rather than swallowing a tablet).
    [Show full text]
  • A New Insight on Atopic Skin Diathesis: Is It Correlated with the Severity of Melasma
    A New Insight on Atopic Skin Diathesis: Is It Correlated with the Severity of Melasma Danar Wicaksono1*, Rima Mustafa2, Sri Awalia Febriana1, Kristiana Etnawati1 1 Dermatovenereology Department, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Gadjah Mada – Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta-Indonesia 2 Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Gadjah Mada –Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta-Indonesia Keywords: Melasma, atopic skin diathesis (ASD), MASI score, atopic dermatitis (AD) Abstract: Melasma is a macular lesion of light brown to dark on the sun-exposed area, especially on the face. Atopic Skin Diathesis (ASD) is a clinical term to describe skin atopics with previous, present or future atopic dermatitis (AD). Dennie-Morgan infraorbital folds are secondary creases in the skin below the lower eyelids with a sensitivity of 78% and a specificity of 76% to diagnose AD. Melasma skin is characterized by impaired stratum corneum integrity and a delayed barrier recovery rate. Barrier dysfunction will stimulate keratinocyte to secrete keratinocyte-derived factor, which plays role in skin pigmentation process in melasma. To analyze correlation between ASD and Melasma Area Severity Index (MASI) score in melasma patient. This study is an observational analytic study with cross sectional design. Measurement of ASD and MASI score were done in 60 subjects with melasma who went to dermatology outpatient clinic Dr. Sardjito General Hospital from July 2017 to Januari 2018. The correlation between ASD and MASI score was analyzed using Pearson correlation. The result of this study showed no significant correlation between ASD and MASI scores (r: 0.02, p: 0,85). Crude Relative Risk (RR) for Dennie-Morgan infraorbital folds and MASI score was 4 (1.01-15.87).
    [Show full text]
  • 00005721-201907000-00003.Pdf
    2.0 ANCC Contact Hours Angela Y. Stanley, DNP, APRN-BC, PHCNS-BC, NEA-BC, RNC-OB, C-EFM, Catherine O. Durham, DNP, FNP-BC, James J. Sterrett, PharmD, BCPS, CDE, and Jerrol B. Wallace, DNP, MSN, CRNA SAFETY OF Over-the-Counter MEDICATIONS IN PREGNANCY Abstract Approximately 90% of pregnant women use medications while they are pregnant including both over-the-counter (OTC) and prescription medications. Some medica- tions can pose a threat to the pregnant woman and fetus with 10% of all birth defects directly linked to medications taken during pregnancy. Many medications have docu- mented safety for use during pregnancy, but research is limited due to ethical concerns of exposing the fetus to potential risks. Much of the information gleaned about safety in pregnancy is collected from registries, case studies and reports, animal studies, and outcomes management of pregnant women. Common OTC categories of readily accessible medications include antipyretics, analgesics, nonsteroidal anti- infl ammatory drugs, nasal topicals, antihistamines, decongestants, expectorants, antacids, antidiar- rheal, and topical dermatological medications. We review the safety categories for medications related to pregnancy and provide an overview of OTC medications a pregnant woman may consider for management of common conditions. Key words: Pharmacology; Pregnancy; Safety; Self-medication. Shutterstock 196 volume 44 | number 4 July/August 2019 Copyright © 2019 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved. he increased prevalence of pregnant women identifi ed risks in animal-reproduction studies or completed taking medications, including over-the-counter animal studies show no harm. The assignment of Category (OTC) medications presents a challenge to C has two indications; (1) limited or no research has been nurses providing care to women of childbear- conducted about use in pregnancy, and (2) animal studies ing age.
    [Show full text]
  • Skin Eruptions Specific to Pregnancy: an Overview
    DOI: 10.1111/tog.12051 Review The Obstetrician & Gynaecologist http://onlinetog.org Skin eruptions specific to pregnancy: an overview a, b Ajaya Maharajan MBBS DGO MRCOG, * Christina Aye BMBCh MA Hons MRCOG, c d Ravi Ratnavel DM(Oxon) FRCP(UK), Ekaterina Burova FRCP CMSc (equ. PhD) aConsultant in Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Luton and Dunstable University Hospital, Lewsey Road, Luton, Bedfordshire LU4 0DZ, UK bST5 in Obstetrics and Gynaecology, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headley Way, Headington, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK cConsultant Dermatologist, Buckinghamshire Health Care, Mandeville Road, Aylesbury, Buckinghamshire HP21 8AL, UK dConsultant Dermatologist, Skin Cancer Lead for Bedford Hospital, Bedford Hospital NHS Trust, South Wing, Kempston Road, Bedford MK42 9DJ, UK *Correspondence: Ajaya Maharajan. Email: [email protected] Accepted on 31 January 2013 Key content Learning objectives Pregnancy results in various physiological skin changes. To understand the physiological skin changes in pregnancy. As a consequence, some common dermatoses can present more To identify the skin conditions that require appropriate referral. frequently in pregnant women. In addition, there are a number To be able to take a history, to diagnose the skin eruptions unique to of skin eruptions unique to pregnancy. pregnancy, undertake appropriate investigations and first-line The aetiology of physiological skin changes in pregnancy is management, and understand the criteria for referral to a uncertain but is thought to be due to hormonal and physical dermatologist. changes of pregnancy. Keywords: atopic eruption of pregnancy / intrahepatic cholestasis The four dermatoses of pregnancy are: atopic eruption of pregnancy / pemphigoid gestastionis / polymorphic eruption of of pregnancy, pemphigoid gestationis, polymorphic pregnancy / skin eruptions eruption of pregnancy and intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy.
    [Show full text]
  • 14. Management of Diabetes in Pregnancy: Standards of Medical
    Diabetes Care Volume 42, Supplement 1, January 2019 S165 14. Management of Diabetes in American Diabetes Association Pregnancy: Standards of Medical Care in Diabetesd2019 Diabetes Care 2019;42(Suppl. 1):S165–S172 | https://doi.org/10.2337/dc19-S014 14. MANAGEMENT OF DIABETES IN PREGNANCY The American Diabetes Association (ADA) “Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes” includes ADA’s current clinical practice recommendations and is intended to provide the components of diabetes care, general treatment goals and guidelines, and tools to evaluate quality of care. Members of the ADA Professional Practice Committee, a multidisciplinary expert committee, are responsible for updating the Standards of Care annually, or more frequently as warranted. For a detailed description of ADA standards, statements, and reports, as well as the evidence-grading system for ADA’s clinical practice recommendations, please refer to the Standards of Care Introduction. Readers who wish to comment on the Standards of Care are invited to do so at professional.diabetes.org/SOC. DIABETES IN PREGNANCY The prevalence of diabetes in pregnancy has been increasing in the U.S. The majority is gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) with the remainder primarily preexisting type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes. The rise in GDM and type 2 diabetes in parallel with obesity both in the U.S. and worldwide is of particular concern. Both type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes in pregnancy confer significantly greater maternal and fetal risk than GDM, with some differences according to type of diabetes. In general, specific risks of uncontrolled diabetes in pregnancy include spontaneous abortion, fetal anomalies, preeclampsia, fetal demise, macrosomia, neonatal hypoglycemia, and neonatal hyperbilirubinemia, among others.
    [Show full text]
  • If You Are Pregnant: INFORMATION on FETAL DEVELOPMENT, ABORTION and ALTERNATIVES August 2019
    If You Are Pregnant: INFORMATION ON FETAL DEVELOPMENT, ABORTION AND ALTERNATIVES August 2019 IF YOU ARE PREGNANT: INFORMATION ON FETAL DEVELOPMENT, ABORTION AND ALTERNATIVES If You Are Pregnant: Information on Fetal Development, Abortion and Alternatives Resources used by the Minnesota Department of Health for this publication are Human Embryology and Developmental Biology, Fifth Edition, 2014; Larsen’s Human Embryology, Fifth Edition, 2014; The Developing Human, 10th Edition, 2016; and In the Womb, 2006. The photographs in this booklet are credited to Lennart Nilsson/TT Images and are used by permission; except for week 38 copyright Minnesota Department of Health. The illustrations found throughout this booklet were created by Peg Gerrity, Houston, Texas. Copyright: http://www.peggerrity.com. Minnesota Department of Health Division of Child and Family Health PO Box 64882 St. Paul, MN 55164-0882 651-201-3580 Women's Right to Know (https://www.health.state.mn.us/people/wrtk/index.html) Upon request, this material will be made available in an alternative format such as large print, Braille or audio recording. Printed on recycled paper. 2 IF YOU ARE PREGNANT: INFORMATION ON FETAL DEVELOPMENT, ABORTION AND ALTERNATIVES Contents If You Are Pregnant: INFORMATION ON FETAL DEVELOPMENT, ABORTION AND ALTERNATIVES............................................................................................................................. 1 Introduction ...............................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]