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The Portable Computing Quest
Chapter 1 The Portable Computing Quest In This Chapter ▶ Understanding portable computing ▶ Reviewing laptop history ▶ Recognizing the Tablet PC variation ▶ Getting to know the netbook ▶ Deciding whether you need a laptop figure, sometime a long time ago, one early proto-nerd had an idea. IWearing his thick glasses and a white lab coat, he stared at the large, vacuum tube monster he was tending. He wondered what it would be like to put wheels on the six-ton beast. What if they could wheel it outside and work in the sun? It was a crazy idea, yet it was the spark of a desire. Today that spark has flared into a full-blown portable computing industry. The result is the laptop, Tablet PC, or netbook computer you have in your lap, or which your lap is longing for. It’s been a long road — this chapter tells you about the journey by explaining the history of the portable computing quest. Laptop History You can’t make something portable simply by bolting a handle to it. Sure, it pleasesCOPYRIGHTED the marketing folk who understand MATERIAL that portability is a desirable trait: Put a handle on that 25-pound microwave oven and it’s suddenly “por- table.” You could put a handle on a hippopotamus and call it portable, but the thing already has legs, so what’s the point? My point is that true portability implies that a gizmo has at least these three characteristics: ✓ Lightweight ✓ No power cord ✓ Practical 005_578292-ch01.indd5_578292-ch01.indd 7 112/23/092/23/09 99:11:11 PPMM 8 Part I: The Laptop Shall Set You Free The ancient portable computer Long before people marveled over (solar pow- kids now learn to use the abacus in elementary ered) credit-card-size calculators, there existed school. -
John Resig and Zoo” First Video Was Uploaded Two” [April 2]
and parallel ports. Its 9" green which simplifies client-side monochrome screen compared HTML scripting, and has May 8th favorably to the Osborne 1’s tiny produced several other notable 5" display. JavaScript libraries, including Processing.js, Env.js, Sizzle.js, Nevertheless, the press mocked and QUnit. He was also Gary Wang its design – one magazine responsible for Khan Academy's described Kaypro as “producing [Nov 16] online environment for (Wáng Wēi) computers packaged in tin cans”. learning to program. Born: May 8, 1973; However, by mid-1983 the Fuzhou, Fujian, China company was selling more than An interest in art history led to 10,000 units a month, briefly his development of two image Wang founded the Chinese video making it the fifth-largest databases: Ukiyo-e.org which sharing company Tudou.com in computer maker in the world. collects Japanese woodblock Jan. 2005 (a month before Indeed, its rugged design made prints, and “PHAROS Images,” a YouTube [Feb 14] debuted), and it a popular choice in industry. photo archive. the site was officially launched Arthur C. Clarke [Dec 16] also Incorrect reports that he was on April 15, just over a week chose a Kaypro II to write his attacked by a vampire in 2014 before YouTube’s “Me at the 1982 novel “2010: Odyssey refer to the actor John Resig and Zoo” first video was uploaded Two” [April 2]. [April 23]. his role as the goofy town deputy, Kevin Ellis, on the TV On March 12, 2013, Wang show “True Blood”. formed “Light Chaser Animation Studios” to produce animated films targeting the Chinese market, Mother’s Day with the aim of building “The Pixar of China”. -
First Osborne Group (FOG) Records
http://oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/c8611668 No online items First Osborne Group (FOG) records Finding aid prepared by Jack Doran and Sara Chabino Lott Processing of this collection was made possible through generous funding from the National Archives’ National Historical Publications & Records Commission: Access to Historical Records grant. Computer History Museum 1401 N. Shoreline Blvd. Mountain View, CA, 94043 (650) 810-1010 [email protected] August, 2019 First Osborne Group (FOG) X4071.2007 1 records Title: First Osborne Group (FOG) records Identifier/Call Number: X4071.2007 Contributing Institution: Computer History Museum Language of Material: English Physical Description: 26.57 Linear feet, 3 record cartons, 5 manuscript boxes, 2 periodical boxes, 18 software boxes Date (bulk): Bulk, 1981-1993 Date (inclusive): 1979-1997 Abstract: The First Osborne Group (FOG) records contain software and documentation created primarily between 1981 and 1993. This material was created or authored by FOG members for other members using hardware compatible with CP/M and later MS and PC-DOS software. The majority of the collection consists of software written by FOG members to be shared through the library. Also collected are textual materials held by the library, some internal correspondence, and an incomplete collection of the FOG newsletters. creator: First Osborne Group. Processing Information Collection surveyed by Sydney Gulbronson Olson, 2017. Collection processed by Jack Doran, 2019. Access Restrictions The collection is open for research. Publication Rights The Computer History Museum (CHM) can only claim physical ownership of the collection. Users are responsible for satisfying any claims of the copyright holder. Requests for copying and permission to publish, quote, or reproduce any portion of the Computer History Museum’s collection must be obtained jointly from both the copyright holder (if applicable) and the Computer History Museum as owner of the material. -
13 Critical Machines
THEBIRTHOFTHENOTEBOOK History has a way of reinventing itself. Like modern computer. Oh, and it weighed 2 pounds. Michael Jackson, the past makes strange and The only catch was that the Dynabook didn’t exist. The sometimes hideous transformations — and, as technology it required simply hadn’t been invented yet. At with Jacko, it’s not always easy to fi gure out what the time, only primitive LCD and plasma displays were being exactly happened. tinkered with, and the technology for one wireless modem took THEBIRTHOF Who invented the telephone? Was it Alexander Graham up half of an Econoline van. Bell or Elisha Gray? The Wright brothers made the fi rst fl ight The closest Kay ever got to building the Dynabook was a in a passenger plane, but what about Otto Lilienthal, whose cardboard mock-up fi lled with lead pellets. gliders infl uenced the brothers in their quest? From the game of chess to the pinball machine to the fortune cookie, the THE MINIATURE MAINFRAME THENOTEBOOK birth of countless famous products is a matter for debate. One of the factors keeping Xerox from working on the Dynabook And so it is with the portable computer. Who’s responsible was the market, which at the time could be summed up in one Mobile PC takes you on the strange and harrowing for pioneering the biggest shift in PC technology since the word: IBM. The computing giant had swallowed an astonishing punch card gave way to the magnetic disk? 81-percent share of the computer market by 1961, quashing journey to the origins of portable computing It depends on whom you ask. -
A History of the Personal Computer Index/11
A History of the Personal Computer 6100 CPU. See Intersil Index 6501 and 6502 microprocessor. See MOS Legend: Chap.#/Page# of Chap. 6502 BASIC. See Microsoft/Prog. Languages -- Numerals -- 7000 copier. See Xerox/Misc. 3 E-Z Pieces software, 13/20 8000 microprocessors. See 3-Plus-1 software. See Intel/Microprocessors Commodore 8010 “Star” Information 3Com Corporation, 12/15, System. See Xerox/Comp. 12/27, 16/17, 17/18, 17/20 8080 and 8086 BASIC. See 3M company, 17/5, 17/22 Microsoft/Prog. Languages 3P+S board. See Processor 8514/A standard, 20/6 Technology 9700 laser printing system. 4K BASIC. See Microsoft/Prog. See Xerox/Misc. Languages 16032 and 32032 micro/p. See 4th Dimension. See ACI National Semiconductor 8/16 magazine, 18/5 65802 and 65816 micro/p. See 8/16-Central, 18/5 Western Design Center 8K BASIC. See Microsoft/Prog. 68000 series of micro/p. See Languages Motorola 20SC hard drive. See Apple 80000 series of micro/p. See Computer/Accessories Intel/Microprocessors 64 computer. See Commodore 88000 micro/p. See Motorola 80 Microcomputing magazine, 18/4 --A-- 80-103A modem. See Hayes A Programming lang. See APL 86-DOS. See Seattle Computer A+ magazine, 18/5 128EX/2 computer. See Video A.P.P.L.E. (Apple Pugetsound Technology Program Library Exchange) 386i personal computer. See user group, 18/4, 19/17 Sun Microsystems Call-A.P.P.L.E. magazine, 432 microprocessor. See 18/4 Intel/Microprocessors A2-Central newsletter, 18/5 603/4 Electronic Multiplier. Abacus magazine, 18/8 See IBM/Computer (mainframe) ABC (Atanasoff-Berry 660 computer. -
A Study of the Growth and Evolution of Personal Computer Devices Throughout the Pc Age
A STUDY OF THE GROWTH AND EVOLUTION OF PERSONAL COMPUTER DEVICES THROUGHOUT THE PC AGE A dissertation submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Science (Honours) in Software Engineering Ryan Abbott ST20074068 Supervisor: Paul Angel Department of Computing & Information Systems Cardiff School of Management Cardiff Metropolitan University April 2017 Declaration I hereby declare that this dissertation entitled A Study of the Growth and Evolution of Personal Computer Devices Throughout the PC Age is entirely my own work, and it has never been submitted nor is it currently being submitted for any other degree. Candidate: Ryan Abbott Signature: Date: 14/04/2017 Supervisor: Paul Angel Signature: Date: 2 Table of Contents Declaration .................................................................................................................................. 2 List of Figures ............................................................................................................................... 4 1. ABSTRACT ............................................................................................................................ 5 2. INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................... 6 3. METHODOLOGY.................................................................................................................... 8 4. LITERATURE REVIEW ............................................................................................................ -
Osborne 1 Computer
Osborne 1 computer http://oldcomputers.net/osborne.html Timeline: ( Show Images ) Osborne 1 1970 Datapoint 2200 Introduced: April 1981 1971 Kenbak-1 Price: US $1,795 1972 Weight: 24.5 pounds CPU: Zilog Z80 @ 4.0 MHz 1973 Micral RAM: 64K RAM Scelbi-8H Display: built-in 5" monitor 1974 Mark-8 53 X 24 text 1975 MITS Altair 8800 Ports: parallel / IEEE-488 SwTPC 6800 modem / serial port Sphere Storage: dual 5-1/4 inch, 91K drives OS: CP/M Compucolor IMSAI 8080 IBM 5100 1976 MOS KIM-1 Sol-20 Hewlett-Packard 9825A PolyMorphic Cromemco Z-1 Roma Offerta Coupon www.GROUPON.it/Roma Apple I Ogni giorno sconti esagerati Giá oltre Rockwell AIM 65 319.000.000€ risparmiati. 1977 ELF, SuperELF VideoBrain Family Computer Defend your Privacy www.eurocrypt.pt Apple II Secure Crypto Mobile , 3G, pgp Emails and Wameco QM-1A Computer encryption Vector Graphic Vector-1 RCA COSMAC VIP ThermoTek, Inc. www.thermotekusa.com Commodore PET Solid state recirculating chillers Thermal Radio Shack TRS-80 Management Solutions Atari VCS (2600) NorthStar Horizon Heathkit H8 Heathkit H11 1978 IBM 5110 Exidy Sorcerer Ohio Scientific Superboard II Synertek SYM-1 APF Imagination Machine Cromemco System 3 1979 Interact Model One TRS-80 model II Bell & Howell SwTPC S/09 Heathkit H89 Atari 400 Atari 800 TI-99/4 Sharp MZ 80K 1980 HP-85 MicroAce Released in 1981 by the Osborne Computer Corporation, the Osborne 1 is considered to be the first true portable computer Acorn Atom - it closes-up for protection, and has a carrying handle. -
Read the Selection and Choose the Best Answer to Each Question
Read the selection and choose the best answer to each question. Editing Laptops adapted from Simple English Wikipedia 1 (1) The first laptop was invented in 1979 by British Designer Bill Moggridge. (2) GRiD Systems Corporation helped improve his design. GRiD made the product with a fold-down display that covered the keyboard. (3) It was called the GriD Compass. (4) In 1982, Grid Systems began to make many GriD Compass laptops. (5) They were mostly sold to the US Military and NASA. 2 (6) GRiD’s computer was one-fifth the weight of any other computer used at that time. (7) NASA used the laptop in its Space Shuttle program, in the 1980s. (8) The Grid Compass required mains power (will not run on battery power). (9) GRiD owned patents for the “Clamshell” design, which is used in almost all modern laptop designs. (10) GRiD Systems was bought by Tandy Corporation in 1988. (11) Some historians, however, count the first “true” portable as the Osborne 1. (12) It was created in 1981 by Adam Osborne, who was also a former book publisher. (13) He was the founder of Osborne Computer. (14) His portable computer weighed 24 pounds (11 Kg). (15) The computer had a five-inch screen, a serial port and two floppy disk drives. (16) Several programs were included with the Osborne 1. (17) Customers could also buy a one-hour battery pack. 3 (18) Also in 1981, another laptop computer called Epson HX-20 went on sale. (19) It was a portable computer with a liquid crystal display (LCD) monitor. -
Cp/M-80 Kermit Version 4.11 User Guide
CP/M-80 KERMIT VERSION 4.11 USER GUIDE C. Gianone Columbia University Center for Computing Activities New York, New York 10027 April 23, 1991 Copyright (C) 1981,1991 Trustees of Columbia University in the City of New York Permission is granted to any individual or institution to use, copy, or redistribute this document so long as it is not sold for profit, and provided this copyright notice is retained. 1. CP/M-80 KERMIT Page 1 1. CP/M-80 KERMIT Program: Mike Freeman, Bonneville Power Administration, Vancouver, WA, USA, with contributions from many others. Language: 8080 Assembler, LASM, M80, or MAC80 Version: 4.11 Date: April 1, 1991 Documentation: Christine Gianone, Columbia University, with contributions from many others. KERMIT-80 Capabilities At A Glance: Local operation: Yes Remote operation: Partial, Auto-receive only Login scipts: Yes, limited Transfer text files: Yes Transfer binary files: Yes Wildcard send: Yes File transfer interruption: Yes Filename collision avoidance: Yes Can time out: Yes 8th-bit prefixing: Yes Repeat count prefixing: No Alternate block checks: Yes Terminal emulation: Yes, VT52 and others Communication settings: Yes Support for dial-out modems: No Transmit BREAK: Yes; most versions IBM communication: Yes Transaction logging: No Debug logging: No Session logging: Yes Raw file transmit: Yes Act as server: No Talk to server: Yes Advanced commands for servers: Yes Command/init files: Yes Command macros: No Local file management: Yes Handle file attributes: No Long packets: No International Character Sets: No Sliding Windows: No Printer control: Yes, limited 1.1. Credits CP/M Kermit is the first of all the Kermit programs. -
The Material Culture of the Laptop
The material culture of the laptop ATKINSON, Paul <http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6633-7242> Available from Sheffield Hallam University Research Archive (SHURA) at: http://shura.shu.ac.uk/8761/ This document is the author deposited version. You are advised to consult the publisher's version if you wish to cite from it. Published version ATKINSON, Paul (2001). The material culture of the laptop. In: Material and Ideal: things in time and space. A research conference on material matters, University of the Arts, Helsinki/ Design Museum, Helsinki, 18th-20th May 2001. (Unpublished) Copyright and re-use policy See http://shura.shu.ac.uk/information.html Sheffield Hallam University Research Archive http://shura.shu.ac.uk The Material Culture of the Laptop Paul Atkinson The Material Culture of the laptop © Paul Atkinson 2001 Introduction This paper is a continuation of an ongoing personal project, to explore and hopefully understand the relationships between people and computers. The basis for the choice of subject matter is clear – computers, as designed objects, can be seen (as Judy Attfield has said) as ‘things with attitude – created with a specific end in view – whether to fulfil a particular task, to make a statement, to objectify moral values, or to express individual or group identity, to denote status r demonstrate technological prowess, to exercise social control or to flaunt political power’.1 The analysis of the subject matter is based on trying to understand the ‘unresolved relationship between the object and its meaning’2 in which the subject is seen as the ‘objectification of social relations’.3 My previous research in this area4 has included an extensive analysis of archival material – trade catalogues, sales brochures and leaflets of office computers from the mid 1940s to the present day. -
Computers-BSA.Pdf
Computers! Boy Scout Troop 405! What is a computer?! Is this a computer?! Charles Babbage: Father of the Computer! 1830s Designed mechanical calculators to reduce human error. *Input device *Memory to store instructions and results *A processors *Output device! Vacuum Tube! Edison 1883 & Lee de Forest 1906 discovered that "vacuum tubes" could serve as electrical switches and amplifiers A switch can be ON (1)" or OFF (0) Electronic computers use Boolean (George Bool 1850) logic to" perform calculations It's all complicated" series of ON of OFF switches in a complicated heirarchy The ENIAC! 1947 20 tons 100 KHz clock $6 million 5 million" hand-soldered joints 17,000 vacuum tubes About 1,000 calculations per second Military applications: trajectories, design! Grace Hopper! First compiler 1952 Coined the term "bug" Transistors! 1947 John Bardeen, Walter Brattain and William Shockley! Working at Bell Labs Invented the transistor to replace vacuum tubes! Integrated Circuits et al! Integrated Circuit 1950s! Microcontroller! Microprocessor 1971! Personal Computers! 1970 HP Desktop Computer IBM PC 1970s! Apple 1977! Laptop (Osborne 1) 1981! Technology Trends! 1971 Microprocessor 2,250 transistors 1993 Microprocessor 3,100,000 transistors (3.1 million) 2008 Microprocessor 2,000,000,000 transistors (2 billion) Today's Microprocessors can do about 10,000,000,000 (10 Billion) calculations per second. That's about the equivalent of every person on the planet doing a math problem each second at the same time. All in one tiny chip. Specialized graphics processor chips (GPUs) can do more than 1 Trillion calculations per second. Cost of a 1-Billion calculation/second computer: 1960: $1.1 Trillion, 1984 $15 Million, 1997 $30,000, 2000 $600, 2003 $80, 2007 $0.42, 2009 $0.13 Handheld Computers, Phones, the Cloud! Today's iPhones can do about 5 Million calculations per second. -
Intel® Centrino® Processor Technology: 5 Years of Fast-Paced Evolution
Media Fact Sheet March 2008 Intel® Centrino® processor technology: 5 years of fast-paced evolution Throughout the last four decades, Intel has driven the evolution of the microprocessor, which sits at the very heart of our digital era. The brain inside your PCs, the power behind popular gadgets and services – from mobile phones to MP3 players and gaming consoles, the microprocessor has not only transformed technology, but also key aspects of every day life. This year marks Intel’s 40th anniversary, and also the fifth birthday of one of the company’s most successful products – Intel® Centrino® processor technology. Mobile computing evolution has really transformed our lives and our society has embraced it enthusiastically. Intel selected mobility as an area of focus five years ago – introducing cutting edge technology to revolutionise the approach to mobile computing. In March 2003, Intel introduced Intel Centrino processor technology, the company’s first platform designed from the ground up with mobile users in mind. The integrated platform combined the essential elements for mobile computing: high-powered processing performance, great battery life, integrated wireless LAN and thinner, lighter form factors1. Intel Centrino processor technology has supported the evolution of mobile computing by enabling high performance and easy connectivity within sleek, compact notebook PC designs. 2003 – The first generation of notebook PCs based on Intel® Centrino® processor technology introduces the concept of an integrated PC platform specifically designed with mobile users in mind. It delivers high-performance, wireless connectivity, great battery life in slim and light notebook PCs. Battery life is up to five hours compared to about three hours on previous processors and overall computing performance is improved by up to 15 percent.