Map 49 Illyricum Compiled by J.J. Wilkes, 1995

Introduction

The map is dominated by the mountainous watersheds of the south-west –between the basin and the Mediterranean, and between the Adriatic and the Aegean Seas–which meet at the great massif of the Sar Planina (ancient Skardon Mons) between the upper valleys of the R. (Drilon) and the R. (Axios). The region is crossed from the west and from the by two major routes; these converge at Salonica (Thessalonica) on the , the dominant city of the area since its foundation in the late fourth century B.C. In the north two routes, from the Upper Ibar and Upper Morava, unite at (), ancient center of Dardania, and then follow the course of the Vardar through the narrows above Titov Veles (Bylazora?) to , ancient center of , at the confluenceoftheR.CrnaReka(Erigon).FromtheretherouteagainfollowstheVardar,thoughbypassestheDemir Kapu defile, to enter the historical heartland of Lower around . The general line of the road is not in doubt, although its exact course, and the locations of some minor stations recorded in TabPeut, have yet to be identified. The same applies both to the next passage through the watershed to the east, down the R. (Strymon) valley from Kjustendil (Pautalia) in north-west to on the main coastal route, and to a lesser route from Pautalia via Stobi to Herakleia in (D2). Both routes are recorded by TabPeut. In the second century B.C. the Romans constructed a strategic route from the ancient Corinthian colonies at and Dyrr(h)achium/ on the Adriatic to Thessalonica in order to secure their new province of Macedonia. This road, the , named after an early Roman proconsul Cn. Egnatius (Collart 1976), followed a difficult course along the R. Shkumbini (Genusus) over the Candaviae mountains to (Lychnidos) in the high lakeland; thence, crossing several high passes, it proceeded via Herakleia and Edessa to Pella. In spite of its difficulty, it remained the major route between the southern Adriatic and the Aegean until modern international boundaries supervened. Recent investigations in , the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, and have established the line of the road in many places. Also now identified are the locations of most of the stations listed by the itineraries. For some stretches, the lists of ItAnt and TabPeut do not correspond. The most detailed record of relay stations (mutationes) and stopping-places (mansiones), however, is furnished by ItBurd. Few traces have yet been found of the road recorded by TabPeut between Lezha () and Niš (Naissus, Map 21 D6) via the Drin and Ibar river valleys, along part of the most direct route between the southern Adriatic and the lower Danube. A significant number of the places and communities named in ancient accounts of wars in the area have yet to be located. The topography of these episodes been studied by Hammond, drawing on an exceptional knowledge of the terrain and the pattern of Balkan warfare. Some of his more radical and intuitive reconstructions, which are accepted here, have been doubted by Papazoglou in her studies of the topography and settlements of Roman Macedonia. The many fortified hill settlements in Albania, the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, and north-west Greece–shown by TIR Naissus–are omitted here, except where they relate directly to significant areas of ancient mining. 750 MAP 49 ILLYRICUM

Directory Abbreviations

TIB Nikopolis P. Soustal, Tabula Imperii Byzantini 3, Nikopolis und Kephallenia, DenkWien 150, 1981 TIR Naissus Tabula Imperii Romani K 34, Naissus, Dyrrhachion–Scupi–Serdica–Thessalonike, Ljubljana, 1976 TIR Tabula Imperii Romani K 35, I, Philippi, , 1993

Names

Grid Name Period Modern Name / Location Reference

B3 Acroceraunia Pr. Cape of Gjuhezes TIR Naissus 13 (Linguetta) ALB B3 Ad Acroceraunia RL near ALB Hammond 1967, 690 D2 ‘Adcephalon’ MAC See Map 50 E3 Ad Decimum GRE See Map 50 C2 Ad Dianam RL near Babië ALB Ceka 1972; Hammond 1974, 187 D3 Ad Duodecimum GRE See Map 50 B3 Ad Novas RL Shënepremte? ALB Hammond 1974, 192 B1 Ad Picaria(s) RL Puka? ALB TIR Naissus 12 B2 RL Bradashesh ALB Ceka 1972a; Hammond 1974, 188 Adriaticum Mare = (H)Adriaticum Mare F2 Ag. Pneuma GRE See Map 51 E1 CH upper Struma valley BUL Thuc. 2.96.3; Hammond 1972, 202 A1 *Agruvium YUG See Map 20 D3 Aiane GRE See Map 50 E3 Aigeai GRE See Map 50 E3 Aineia GRE See Map 50 B2 Akrolissos HR M. Shelbuemit ALB Prendi 1972; TIR Naissus 11 Alata = (H)Alata B2 Albanopolis RL Zgërdhesh?, near Kruja Islami 1972; TIR Naissus 13 ALB F1 Alino RL settlement and mine BUL TIR Naissus 13 D2 Alkomena HR Bučin? MAC Papazoglou 1988, 302-303 E3 Aloros GRE See Map 50 B3 HR Ploça? ALB Anamali 1972, 68; TIR Naissus 14 E2 Amphax(it)is GRE See Map 50 F3 Amphipolis GRE See Map 51 C3 Amyron M. Mt. Tomorit ALB TIR Naissus 15 E1 ‘Anausaro’ RL Vladičin Han YUG TIR Naissus 15; IMS 4, 27-29 F3 Anthemous GRE See Map 50 B1 [Antibaris] RL Bar YUG ItMiller 484 C3 Antigoneia HR Lekli? ALB Hammond 1967, 278-79; Budina 1976 E2 Antigoneia? GRE See Map 50 B3 Antipatreia HRL Berati ALB TIR Naissus 16; Spahiu 1983 C3 Aoi Stena gorge ALB Hammond 1966a, 39-42 B3 Aous fl. ACHRL Vijosë / Aoos ALB / GRE Hammond 1967, 699; TIB Nikopolis 129 § Aias fl. Booses; TIR Naissus 16; § Aoos fl. § Auos fl. F3 Aphytis GRE See Map 50 B3 Apollonia ACHRL Pojan ALB TIR Naissus 16 F3 Apollonia GRE See Map 50 B3 *Apsos RL Semen? ALB Hammond 1974, 191 Apsos fl. = (H)Apsos fl. E1 Aquae? RL YUG TIR Naissus 17 B2 Ardaxanos fl. Erzeni? ALB TIR Naissus 17 A1 Ardiaei? See Map 20 F3 Arethousa GRE See Map 51 MAP 49 ILLYRICUM 751

Grid Name Period Modern Name / Location Reference

D3 Argestaeus Campus HR plain near GRE 27.33.1; Hammond 1972, 110-11 D2 Argestaioi HR Babuna valley MAC Hammond 1972, 80; Papazoglou 1988, 311-12 D2 Argos MAC See Map 50 D3 Argos Orestikon RL Hrupista GRE Papazoglou 1988, 236-38 B3 Argyas fl. Shushice ALB TIR Naissus 18 C3 Argyros H Gjirokastra ALB TIR Naissus 18 D3 Arnisa C near Vegora Novigrad Thuc. 4.128.3; Hammond 1982, 134-35 GRE C2 Artatus fl. Velcka () MAC Livy 43.19.8; Hammond 1972, 44 C3 Asnaus M. Nemerçka Mts. ALB TIR Naissus 18 E2 Astibos MAC See Map 50 D2 Astibos fl. MAC See Map 50 E2 Astraia? MAC See Map 50 C2 Atintanis H Çermenike ALB Hammond 1989, 12-15 § Atintanes D2 Audaristos MAC See Map 50 B3 Aulon RL Kepi Triportit ALB TIR Naissus 19 D2 Axios fl. GRE / MAC See Map 50

B2 Barbanna fl. Bojanna / Buna ALB / May 1946, 54-56; TIR Naissus 21 YUG E2 Bargala MAC See Map 50 D3 Barnous M. GRE See Map 50 D3 *Battyna R Kranochori GRE Papazoglou 1988, 239-41 D3 Begorritus L. GRE See Map 50 E3 Ber(r)oia GRE See Map 50 D2 CHR MAC TIR Naissus 24-25 Bermion M. = Bora M. C3 Beue HR near R. Molca ALB Hammond 1972, 64; TIR Naissus 26 C3 Bevus fl. Molca ALB Hammond 1972, 64; TIR Naissus 26 F2 GRE See Map 50 F1 Bistritsa R settlement and mine BUL TIR Naissus 27 C3 Boioi H S Ohrid ALB Hammond 1972, 94 C3 Boion M. Grammos and Smolika 7 frag. 6; TIR Naissus 28 Mts. GRE F3 Bolbe L. GRE See Map 50 D3 Bora/ GRE See Map 50 Bermion M. E3 Botti(ai)a/ GRE See Map 50 A1 Bouthoe CHR YUG TIR Naissus 32 E1 Božica RL settlement and mine YUG Dušanić 1977, 74 C2 Brucida RL Bukovo? MAC TIR Naissus 30; Papazoglou 1988, 270-71 D2 Bryanion CHR Graište? MAC Papazoglou 1988, 303-304 D2 Brygai CH upper basin of R. Crna Hammond 1972, 72; Papazoglou 1988, 271 MAC F1 Burgaraca RL Lesnovo BUL TIR Naissus 32 D2 Bylazora? MAC See Map 50 B3 HRL Hekal ALB Ceka 1984

D3 Cambunii M. GRE See Map 50 C2 Candabia RL Qukës? ALB Hammond 1974, 187; TIR Naissus 33 C2 Candaviae M. Polisit Mts. ALB Hammond 1972, 27-28 D2 / R/ Dolenci? MAC Papazoglou 1988, 268-69 Parembole L D3 Cellae RL near Petres GRE Hammond 1982, 137 D2 Ceramia(e)? RL Varoš MAC Papazoglou 1988, 291-92 B3 Ceraunii M. Cikes Mts. ALB TIR Naissus 35 F3 Chalcidice GRE See Map 50 B3 S Albania Hammond 1967, 678-79 E1 Chepino RL BUL TIR Naissus 35 B3 Chimaira RL ? ALB TIR Naissus 36 752 MAP 49 ILLYRICUM

Grid Name Period Modern Name / Location Reference

F2 Ciropolis BUL See Map 51 C2 Claudanon RL Orake? ALB Hammond 1974, 185-86 B1 Clausala fl. Kiri ALB Livy 44.31.3; May 1946, 55-56 B2 Clodiana RL Mafmutaga? ALB Hammond 1974, 188; TIR Naissus 36 C3 Codrion H Kalaja e Irmajt? ALB Livy 31.27.5; Hammond 1972, 100 C1 Creveni RL Vau i Dejes? ALB TIR Naissus 37

E2 Damjan MAC See Map 50 C1 Dardania RL S and N Macedonia TIR Naissus 39 § CH / upper Vardar Papazoglou 1978, 131-87 F1 Daskalovo RL fort, settlement BUL TIR Naissus 39 C3 Dassaretis HR between R. Vjose and TIR Naissus 40 ALB E1 Dentheletai HR upper Struma BUL TIR Naissus 41; Papazoglou 1978, 101-102 D2 Derriopos HR region of upper R. Crna TIR Naissus 41-42; MAC Papazoglou 1988, 292-97 C3 Diabolis RL Zvezde? ALB TIR Naissus 42 B3 Dimalion H Krotina ALB Hammond 1968, 12-15; Dautaj 1972; 1974; 1975 Diokletianoupolis = Pella E3 Dion GRE See Map 50 E2 Doberos fl. BUL / MAC See Map 50 B1 RL YUG TIR Naissus 44 E1 Dolno Kobile RL settlement and mines TIR Naissus 46 BUL E1 Dolno Ujno RL settlement and quarry TIR Naissus 46 BUL D1 Donja Gušterica RL settlement and mines TIR Naissus 46 YUG D2 *Dostoneoi R near Dunje MAC Papazoglou 1988, 289-90 F1 Dounax M. Rila Mt. BUL TIR Naissus 49 F3 Drabeskos GRE See Map 51 B2 Drilon fl. Drini / Drin ALB / MAC May 1946, 55-56; TIR Naissus 48 D1 RL settlement and fort YUG TIR Naissus 49 F3 Duodea GRE See Map 50 B2 Dyrr(h)achium/ ACHRL Durrës ALB TIR Naissus 50 Epidamnos E2 Dysoron M. GRE See Map 50

E3 Echeidoros fl. GRE See Map 50 E3 Edessa GRE See Map 50 F1 *Egerica RL Mirovo BUL TIR Naissus 51 E2 (E)Idomene MAC See Map 50 D3 Elimeia GRE See Map 50 D3 Elimia GRE See Map 50 Emathia = Botti(ai)a A1 Enchelei YUG See Map 20 C2 Encheleioi ACH N Lake Ohrid MAC Hammond 1972, 93-95 D3 GRE See Map 50 C3 Eordaikos fl. Devoli ALB Hammond 1972, 95 Epidamnos = Dyrr(h)achium D3 Eratyra HR near GRE Strabo 7.7.8; TIR Naissus 52 D2 Erigon fl. MAC See Map 50 F1 ‘Extuomne’ RL Kazichane BUL ItBurd 567.4; TIR Naissus 54

C1 *Gabuleum RL ? YUG RE F2 Gajtaninovo BUL See Map 51 F2 Gazoros GRE See Map 51 D2 *Geneatae MAC See Map 50 B2 ‘Genesis’ RL Shtodër? ALB Hammond 1974, 189; Zheku 1987, 272 Bashtova B2 Genusus fl. Shkumbini ALB Hammond 1974, 190-91; TIR Naissus 55-56 MAP 49 ILLYRICUM 753

Grid Name Period Modern Name / Location Reference

F1 German RL BUL TIR Naissus 56 F1 Germania RL Sapareva banja BUL TIR Naissus 56 F1 Golemo selo RL settlement and mine BUL TIR Naissus 57 E1 Gorno Kobile RL settlement and mines TIR Naissus 58 BUL E1 Gorno Ujno RL settlement and mines TIR Naissus 58 BUL F1 Gorubljane RL settlement and mines TIR Naissus 58 BUL C2 Grandavia RL Spathar? ALB Ceka 1972; Hammond 1974, 187 D3 Grande RL near Klidhi GRE Hammond 1982, 137 E1 Grizilevci RL settlement and mine TIR Naissus 60 MAC D2 Gurbita MAC See Map 50

B3 (H)Adriaticum Mare See Map 1 B1 (H)Alata RL Spuž? YUG TIR Naissus 13 D3 Haliakmon fl. GRE See Map 50 B3 (H)Apsos fl. Semeni ALB TIR Naissus 61 F1 Hebros fl. See Map 51 C3 Hekatompedon R Saraqinishti? ALB Hammond 1967, 209, 659 F1 Helice RL Ihtiman BUL TIR Naissus 62 D2 Herakleia CHRL near MAC Papazoglou 1988, 259-68 F2 Herakleia Sintike GRE See Map 50

Idomene = (E)Idomene B3 Illyricum CH ALB / GRE Hammond 1968, 1-5 B2 Illyrii CH Mati and lower Drin Hammond 1966, 239-41; TIR Naissus 64 valleys ALB E2 Ilovica MAC See Map 50

F1 Jarlovo RL settlement and mine BUL TIR Naissus 65

F2 Kalimanci BUL See Map 50 C3 Kaloikinoi H near Lake GRE Polyb. 5.108.8; Hammond 1972, 94 F3 Kapros Ins. GRE See Map 51 E1 *Karistoron RL Kopilovci BUL TIR Naissus 34 Kassandreia = Poteidaia E2 Kazandol MAC See Map 50 D3 Keletron HRL Kastoria GRE Papazoglou 1988, 238-39 (n. 23) B3 Kelydnos fl. Dukati ALB RE; Hammond 1967, 126-27, 520 C2 Kerax H near MAC Polyb. 5.108.8; Hammond 1972, 94 F2 Kerkinitis L. GRE See Map 50 F3 Kissos M. GRE See Map 50 Kitron = Pydna D2 Kolobaise RL Treskovec MAC Papazoglou 1988, 291 C3 GRE See Map 54 E1 RL fort and quarry YUG TIR Naissus 73 D3 Kozani GRE See Map 50 F1 Kralev dol RL BUL TIR Naissus 75

B1 Labeatae HR near Lake Shkodra ALB / TIR Naissus 77 YUG B1 Labeatis L. Lake Shkodra ALB / TIR Naissus 77 YUG E1 Laiaioi C upper Struma valley BUL Thuc. 2.96.3; Papazoglou 1978, 59 E2 Laki MAC See Map 50 F2 Lâki BUL See Map 51 C2 Laktinje RL settlement and mine TIR Naissus 77 MAC E3 Lete GRE See Map 50 B2 Lissus HRL Lezha ALB TIR Naissus 79 754 MAP 49 ILLYRICUM

Grid Name Period Modern Name / Location Reference

D1 Lojane RL settlement and mine TIR Naissus 80 MAC E3 Loudias fl. GRE See Map 50 E3 Loudias L. GRE See Map 50 C2 Lychnidos CHRL Ohrid MAC TIR Naissus 81-82 C2 Lychnidus L. Lake Ohrid ALB / MAC TIR Naissus 82 D3 Lyke HRL Ag. Achilleos in L. Prespa Papazoglou 1988, 242-43 GRE D3 Lynkos CHR upper Crna valley MAC TIR Naissus 82; Papazoglou 1988, 256-59

D3 Macedonia GRE / MAC See Map 50 E2 Maidoi BUL / MAC See Map 50 D2 Majdan MAC See Map 50 B2 Mathis fl. Mati ALB TIR Naissus 84 D3 ‘Melitonus’ RL near Kato Kaliniki GRE Hammond 1972, 57 D2 Melnica MAC See Map 50 C3 Meropus M. Mt. Trebeshin ALB Livy 32.5.11; TIR Naissus 85 § Aeropus M. E1 Messapion M. Mt. Osogovska MAC Hammond 1972, 202 C1 Metalli Ulpiani YUG See Map 21 B1 Meteon HR YUG TIR Naissus 85 E3 Methone GRE See Map 50 E2 Mrežičko MAC See Map 50 D2 Mrzen MAC See Map 50 F3 GRE See Map 50

D2 Neapolis HR -Gromadje MAC Papazoglou 1988, 312-13 E2 Negrevo MAC See Map 50 F2 *Neine BUL See Map 50 F2 fl. Mesta BUL Hdt. 7.126; TIR Philippi 40 D2 Nicia RL Capari? MAC Hammond 1972, 42; Papazoglou 1988, 268-70 F2 ad Nestum/ BUL See Map 51 Ulpia Nicopolis B3 Nikaia HR? ALB TIR Naissus 91 D1 Novo Brdo RL settlement and mine YUG Dušanić 1977, 72 B2 H Shëngjin? ALB Caes., BC 3.26; RE 2 B3 HRL Selenicë ALB Hammond 1967, 231-34

B2 Olcinium/ RL YUG TIR Naissus 93 Vicinium E3 Olympus M. GRE See Map 50 F3 Olynthos GRE See Map 50 C3 Omphalion HRL Labova? ALB TIR Naissus 93 C2 Openica RL settlement and mines TIR Naissus 94 MAC F2 Orbelos M. GRE See Map 51 F2 Oreini GRE See Map 51 D3 CHR upper Haliakmon valley Hammond 1972, 110-16; GRE Papazoglou 1988, 234-36 B3 Orikon HRL Orikumi ALB TIR Naissus 95

D2 Paionia MAC See Map 50 B3 HR Palasa? ALB TIR Naissus 97 F1 Pancharevo RL settlement and mine BUL TIR Naissus 97 B3 Panormos RL Porto Palermo? ALB Ptol. 3.13.2; TIR Naissus 97 C3 Parauaea HR right bank of upper R. TIR Naissus 98 Aous ALB Parembole = Castra F2 Paroikopolis/ BUL See Map 50 Parthikopolis B2 HR middle Shkumbini valley Hammond 1968, 8 ALB MAP 49 ILLYRICUM 755

Grid Name Period Modern Name / Location Reference

E1 Pautalia R Kjustendil BUL TIR Naissus 98 C1 Peć RL YUG TIR Naissus 99 E2 Pehčevo MAC See Map 50 D2 Pelagonia CHR upper Crna basin MAC Hammond 1972, 59-60; Papazoglou 1988, 276-83 D2 Pelagonia HRL Prilepec? MAC Papazoglou 1988, 283-88 D2 Pelagoniae Fauces Bučin gorges MAC Livy 31.34.6; Hammond 1972, 60 C3 H Goricë? ALB Hammond 1988, 41 E3 Pella/ GRE See Map 50 Diokletianoupolis C2 Penestae H Velcka (Radika) valley Livy 43.18-21; Hammond 1972, 44 MAC F1 Pernik RL BUL TIR Naissus 100; Ivanov 1981 B2 H Shkembi I Kavajës? ALB Caes., BC 3.42.1; TIR Naissus 100 E3 GRE See Map 50 B1 Pirustae HR ALB / YUG TIR Naissus 101 B2 Pistum RL Ishmi? ALB TIR Naissus 101 C2 Pons Servili RL Fusha e Kododeshit ALB Hammond 1974, 186-87; TIR Naissus 103 F3 Poteidaia/ GRE See Map 50 Kassandreia F3 Prasias L. GRE See Map 51 D2 Prisat RL settlement and quarry TIR Naissus 104 MAC F1 Prodanovci RL settlement and mine BUL TIR Naissus 104 E3 Pydna GRE See Map 50 E3 Pydna/ GRE See Map 50 Kitron C2 Pylon RL NW MAC Hammond 1972, 39-41

E2 Rabrovo MAC See Map 50 B3 Resulaj HRL settlement and bitumen Hammond 1967, 231-34; TIR Naissus 109 source ALB A1 / YUG See Map 20 Risinium A1 Rhizonicus Sinus YUG See Map 20 Risinium = Rhizon D2 Rožden MAC See Map 50

B1 Salluntum RL near YUG TIR Naissus 111 F1 Samokov RL settlement and mine BUL TIR Naissus 111 B3 Sason Ins. Sazani ALB TIR Naissus 111 C2 ‘Scampis’ RL Teqin Madhe, Elbasani Hammond 1974, 188; TIR Naissus 115 ALB F1 Scaptopara HRL Blagoevgrad BUL TIR Naissus 111 B1 Scirtari HR upper Drin ALB TIR Naissus 111 D2 Scirtiana RL near MAC Papazoglou 1988, 270-71 B1 Scodra HRL Shkodra ALB TIR Naissus 112 D1 Scupi RL Skopje MAC TIR Naissus 112-13; IMS 6 C2 Selcë e Poshtme H ALB Wilkes 1992, 123-24 F2 Sintia BUL See Map 50 E2 Sintike BUL / GRE See Map 50 F2 Sirra GRE See Map 51 C2 Skardon M. Šar planina MAC TIR Naissus 115 F1 Skombros M. Mt. Vitosha BUL Thuc. 2.96.3; RE F2 Skotoussa GRE See Map 50 D1 Slupčane RL settlement and mine TIR Naissus 117 MAC F1 Soneio RL Trajanovi vrata BUL TIR Naissus 117 E2 Šopur MAC See Map 50 F1 Sparata RL Vakarel BUL ItBurd 567.6; TIR Naissus 118 E1 Spinopara R Konjavo BUL TIR Naissus 118 F1 Sportela R Rila BUL TIR Naissus 118 B3 ‘Stefana’ RL near Qesar ALB Hammond 1967, 689 756 MAP 49 ILLYRICUM

Grid Name Period Modern Name / Location Reference

B3 ‘Stefanaphana’ RL Donofrosë? ALB Hammond 1974, 191 E2 Stenas MAC See Map 50 F1 Stob HRL settlement and mine BUL TIR Naissus 119 D2 Stobi MAC See Map 50 D1 RL YUG TIR Naissus 121 F1 Strymon fl. BUL / GRE See Map 51 D2 Stuberra HRL Čepigovo MAC Papazoglou 1988, 298-302 D3 (S)Tymphaia GRE See Map 55 F1 Succorum Angustiae BUL See Map 22

B2 Taulantioi ACHR hinterland of Durrës ALB RE; Hammond 1966, 246-47 C1 Theranda RL Suva Reka? YUG TIR Naissus 124 E3 Thermaicus Sinus See Map 50 E3 Thessalonica GRE See Map 50 E2 Tiberia MAC See Map 50 E3 Titarion M. GRE See Map 50 F3 Toronaikos Kolpos See Map 51 E1 Tranupara RL Kratovo? MAC Hammond 1972, 202 C2 Trebenishte CHRL tombs and settlement Hammond 1979, 91-92 MAC C2 Treiecto RL near Mirake ALB Hammond 1974, 187-88 C2 Tres Tabernae RL Qukës ALB Hammond 1974, 186-87; TIR Naissus 127 D1 Triballoi AC MAC / YUG Papazoglou 1978, 58-61 Tymphaia = (S)Tymphaia

Ulpia Nicopolis = Nicopolis ad Nestum D1 RL Gračanica YUG TIR Naissus 129 C2 Uscana H Kičevo? MAC Livy 43.10.1-8; Hammond 1972, 43-44

B1 ‘Varis’ RL Povija? YUG TIR Naissus 130 ViaEgnatia SeeRoads D1 ‘Vicianum’ RL SW Naissus, near Vučitrn TIR Naissus 131; YUG Papazoglou 1978, 201-202 Vicinium = Olcinium D2 Vitolište MAC See Map 50 D1 Vizi(...) R near Dobrešane MAC TIR Naissus 131 F1 Vladaja RL BUL TIR Naissus 133 E3 Volustana GRE See Map 50

D2 Železna Reka RL settlement and mine TIR Naissus 136 MAC D1 RL YUG TIR Naissus 137 E1 Zlogoš RL? settlement and mines TIR Naissus 137 BUL

Mines / Quarries

Grid Location Period Material Reference

D2 S Melnica Fe See Map 50 Melnica D2 SE Vitolište Fe See Map 50 Vitolište E2 NW Šopur Fe See Map 50 Šopur E2 on Dysoron M. Au, Ag See Map 50 F3 SE Arethousa Ag See Map 51 F3 SE Arethousa Au See Map 51 D2 SW Mrzen M See Map 50 Mrzen D2 N Rožden Fe See Map 50 Rožden D2 N Majdan Fe See Map 50 Majdan MAP 49 ILLYRICUM 757

Grid Location Period Material Reference

E1 Dolno Ujno RL? Au, Fe TIR Naissus 46 E2 Laki Fe See Map 50 E2 E Pehčevo Fe See Map 50 Pehčevo E2 SW Negrevo Pb See Map 50 E2 WDamjan Fe SeeMap50Damjan E2 Rabrovo Cu See Map 50 Rabrovo E2 Kazandol Cu See Map 50 Kazandol F2 Oreini Fe See Map 51 Oreini F2 Ag. Pneuma M See Map 51 Ag. Pneuma

Roads

Grid Name / Itinerary Period Reference

C3 Via Egnatia: Adriatic → Amphipolis HRL ItAnt 329.5-331.1; Collart 1976 Adriatic → Lychnidos (W section) Ceka 1972; Hammond 1972, 19-37; 1974 Lychnidos → Herakleia Hammond 1972, 37-47 Herakleia → Thessalonica Hammond 1972, 47-58; 1982; 1983 Thessalonica → Amphipolis Hammond 1972, 182-186

*Agruvium → Bouthoe → Olcinium → Scodra RL ItMiller 484 Doclea → Scodra → Lissus → Dyrrachium RL ItAnt 338.8-339.5; Praschniker 1919, 84-85 Dyrrachium → Apollonia RL ItAnt 329.5-7; Hammond 1972, 19-37; 1974 Apollonia → Clodiana RL Hammond 1974 *Apsos → Scampis RL Hammond 1974 Apollonia → Byllis → Antigoneia RL Hammond 1967, 698-700 Aulon → Chimaira RL ItMiller 561-62; Hammond 1967, 690-700 Dimalion → Pelion? → Ber(r)oia RL? TIR Naissus 109 Rethi i Korçës Astibos → Astrara → Tiberia? → Thessalonica RL See Map 50 Tiberia? → Sintia? → Nicopolis ad Nestum RL See Maps 50-51 Thessalonica → Pydna → Dion RL See Map 50 Ber(r)oia → Aloros → Methone RL See Map 50 Kozani → Volustana RL See Map 50 Lissus → Ad Picaria(s) → Theranda → Ulpiana RL ItMiller 555-57; Čerškov 1957 Ulpiana → Scupi RL IMS 4, 20-29 ‘Anausaro’ → Scupi RL ItMiller 572; IMS 4, p. 20-29 Scupi → Bylazora? IMS 6, 18-20 Bylazora? → Thessalonica Hammond 1972, 140-62; 176-204 Slupčane → Pautalia → Samokov RL TIR Naissus ‘Extuomne’ → Soneio RL TIR Naissus Herakleia → Stobi → Pautalia RL ItMiller 579-80; Hammond 1972, 59-78; 176-204 Pautalia → Scaptopara RL TIR Naissus Amphipolis → Scaptopara RL TIR Naissus

Unlocated Toponyms (excluding those listed in Directories for Map 50 Macedonia and Map 51 )

Name Period Probable Location Reference

Abroi C Illyria Hammond 1966, 241 Alalkomenai CH Pelagonia Strabo 7.7.9 Antania/ CHR Lynkos Papazoglou 1988, 273-76 Antanoi Arbon H Illyrian city RE Astaciae R near Byllis CIL 3.600; Hammond 1967, 699 Athacum H Lynkos Livy 31.34.7

Bassania/ H 5 m.p. S Lissus Livy 44.30.13; RE Bassanitae Bedyndia H Bisaltia DiodSic 19.50.7; Papazoglou 1988, 364-65 758 MAP 49 ILLYRICUM

Name Period Probable Location Reference

Birziminium/ RL near Titograd YUG ItAnt 339.2; ItMiller 469 Bersumno Boreas Dyrraci M. L Mali e Durrësit? ALB VibSeq, Montes Brygia H MAC StByz Βρυγίας; Papazoglou 1988, 271 *Bryne R Eordaia Papazoglou 1988, 162

Cinna/ RL near Lake of Scodra ItMiller 470 Sinna Corragum H W Antipatreia Livy 31.27.2; RE; Hammond 1966a, 42

Damastion CH near Resen? MAC TIR Naissus 38-39 Daulia HR Eordaia Hammond 1967, 656-57 Dexaroi C Chaonia Hammond 1966, 247 Draudacum castellum H Gostivar? MAC Livy 43.19.4

Gerous H Dassaretis Polyb. 5.108.8; Hammond 1972, 95 Grabaei CH Illyria Pliny, NH 3.144; Hammond 1966, 244

Kormestai HR Eordaia Papazoglou 1988, 165-68 Krannestai HR Eordaia Papazoglou 1988, 165-68 Kreonion H Dassaretis Polyb. 5.108.8; Hammond 1972, 95 Kydrai H Lynkos Papazoglou 1988, 271-72

Lamud statio R Lopate? TIR Naissus 80 Lebaia C Hdt. 8.137-38 Lynkos H city? Papazoglou 1988, 258-59

Marusio R mansio near Dyrr(h)achium? Hammond 1972, 23-24

Noutria H Illyria? Polyb. 2.11.13

Oaeneum oppidum H ? MAC Livy 43.19.3; Hammond 1972, 44 Orgyssos/ H W Antipatreia Polyb. 5.108.8; Hammond 1972, 94-95 Orgessus Osphagus fl. H Paionia Livy 31.39.5 Ottolobus H near Lake Malik? ALB Livy 31.36.6, 40.9; 44.3.1; Hammond 1972, 65 (n. 2)

Parthos H Shkumbini valley ALB Polyb. 18.47.12; Hammond 1972, 96 H near Lake Ohrid Hammond 1972, 33 Perseis H Črnobuki? MAC Papazoglou 1988, 304-305 Pisantinoi H W Antipatreia Polyb. 5.108.8; Hammond 1972, 94-95 Pissaion H Pelagonia Polyb. 5.108.1; Papazoglou 1988, 292 Pluinna H Derriopos Livy 31.39.4; Papazoglou 1988, 304 Polyanthos fl. H Shushicë? ALB Lycophron, Alexandra 1043-45; Hammond 1967, 523 Praesidium RL 17 m.p. SE Scupi RE 2; IMS 6, 19 Primoula L E Paionia Papazoglou 1988, 337

Sarnous? CHRL NW Macedonia Papazoglou 1988, 272 Sation H near Lake Ohrid Polyb. 5.108.8; Hammond 1972, 40 Sinna = Cinna Strymepalis? H upper R. Drin ALB Livy 45.30.6-7; Hammond 1972, 46

Thronion C Kanina? ALB Paus. 5.22.4; Hammond 1967, 523 Triklaroi H upper R. Haliakmon Strabo 7 frag. 20; Hammond 1972, 143

Ululeus Dyrrhacii fl. L Erzeni? ALB VibSeq, Flumina MAP 49 ILLYRICUM 759

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