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Icones Plantarum Formosanarum Nec Non Et Contributiones Ad Floram ALBERT R. MANN LIBRARY New York State Colleges OF Agriculture and Home Economics AT Cornell University /?6 Date Due mt^ Cornell University Library The original of this book is in the Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924050778111 V.JO, VOLUME X. March 25th, I92J, * m M f^ m m iN> * ?f IfA It *^P ^ ^ Icones Plantarurn Formosanarum nee non et Contributiones ad Floram Pormosanam. or, loones of the Plants of Formosa, and Materials for a Flora of the Island, based on a Study of the Collections of the Botanical Strvey of the Government of Formosia. By .BUUZO Hayata, MgakuhakusM. VOLUME X. Published by the Bureau of Productive industries, Government of Formosa, TAIHOKU. NOTICE -t* I. Dicotyledons—Polypetalous : EanunoulaoeEe—Eosacese. Published September 10th, 1911. II. 1. Conspectus of the Flora of Formosa, Saxifragese—Dipsacete. 2. New or Koteworthy Plants of Formosa. Pablished October 15th, 1912. III. 1. Contributions to the Flora of Formosa, I. 2. On the Systematic Position of Mitrastemon, as a Genus representing a special Tribos of the KafHesiaceje. Published December 25th, 1913. IV. Contributions to the Flora of Formosa, II. Published November 25th, 1914. V. Contributions to the Flora of Formosa, III. Published November 25th, 1915. VI. Contributions to the Flora of Formosa, IV. Published November 25th, 1916. VII. Contributions to the Flora of Formosa, V. Published March 25th, 1918. Vm. Contributions to the Flora of Formosa, VI. Pablished March 25th, 1919. IX. Contributions to the Flora of Formosa, VII. Published March 25th, 1920. X. 1. Contributions to the Flora of Formosa, VIII. 2. An Interpretation of Gcethe's Blatt, in hia " Metamorphore der Pflanzen" as an Explanation of the Principle of the Natural Classification of Plants. 3. The Natural Classification of Tlants, according to the JJynamio System. 4. General Index to the Series, from the First Volume to the Tenth, and also to the Studies published by the Author, while he was preparing this Work on Icones. ICONES PLANTARUM FORMOSANARUM NEC NON ET CONTRIBUTIONES AD FLORAM FORMOSANAM AUCTOEE Bunzo Hayata TO HIS EXCELLENCY BARON KENJIRO DEN, GOVERNOR GENERAL OF FORMOSA. SlE, I have the honour to submit to your Excellency the tenth volume of the Icones Plantarum Formosanarum, nee non et Con- tributiones ad Floram Formosanam by Bunzo Hayata, D. So. HIROSHI SHIMOMURA, Civil Governor of Formosa. September 1, 1920, Taihoku. CONTENTS. Introducfcion I- IV Contributions to the Flora of Formosa, VIII 1-73 An|_Interpretation of Goethe's BlaM, in his "Metamorphose der Pflanzen ", as an Explanation of the Principle of the Natural Classification of Plants 75- 95 The Natural Classification of Plants, according to the Dynamic System 97-234 General Index to the Series, from the First Volume to the Tenth, and also to the Studies pubKshed by the Author, while he was preparing this Work on Icones 235-335 INTRODUCTION. The present volume is the tenth of the series, and the date of its publi- cation is the tenth anniversary of the inception of the work which the series describes. It seems, therefore, that a few words as to the nature of the whole work and of the results obtained in the course of it, may not be out of place. The original plan, as explained in the introduction to the first volume, was to publish in a long series, extending it might be over as many as fifteen years, a flora which should contain full descriptions of all plants found in Formosa. That plan, however, was slightly altered even in the fii-st volume, owing to the necessity of limiting in advance the number of pages so as not to exceed the grant made by the Government. That first portion of the work contains an enumeration of plants, with descriptions of new or noteworthy plants, references to species (as far as accessible), and a key to the famines, genera and species with their respective localities and geo- graphical distributions. It had been my intention to pursue this altered plan in the case of the second volume ; but owing to a further reduction of the grant, I was compelled to cut out neary aU references to spscies. Descriptions were given only in the case of plants which were new or of which I had not found adequate descriptions. Thus, in the first snd second volumes, I treated all Formosan plants, so far as known to us up to that time, belonging to families from the Ranunculacese to the Dipsaoese. In the third volume, it was my desire to treat the remaining famiHes so as to complete the flora in the rather compact form of a conspectus. But, then the new materials with which I had been loaded down since 1910, and especially two collections made by myself in my two excursions to the island (in 1912] had become so numerous that it had required my whole time to work up even the first part of them, and that had compelled me to put off, for some years, the continuation of the con- spectus which made up the first and second volumes. The third and following volumes were, therefore, demoted almost exclusively to the results of studies of the materials which had been worked up since 1911. These were given con- tinuously imder the heading, " Contributions to the Flora of Formosa, I. II. etc." The present volume gives the last part of the contributions and contains studies on species and varieties ranging from the Violacese down to the Poly- podiacese. All the species of phanerogamous plants are here arranged, as in the preceding volumes, after the system of Beniham and Hooker, while those — II INTBODUCTION. of tha vascular cryptDgams are arranged after that of Engleb and Peantl. Of the sp3cie3 and varieties mentioned in this volume, forty-five are proposed as new species and one is regarded as a new variety of a known species. One new genus, Diplocarex, has been proposed, and one family, Obnnaraeeafe, and twelve genera are mentioned as new to the flora of Formosa. The latter genera are as foUows : — Bourea, Caucalis, Slum, Oonioselinum, Bcerlagm- dendron, Amitostigma, PhyUomphax, Erythrodes, Thrixspermum, Ascocentrum, Holcoglossum, Triclioglottis. Thus, up to the present date, the flora of Formosa reprraents, so far as is known, 3,658 spacies find 79 varieties, belonging to 1,197 genera and 170 families. The original plan of the work, as above stated, was that it should . completed in fifteen volumes, and I still intend, if circumstances permit, to publish five more volumes, issuing one each year. The completion of the study of the flora of Formosa, which is the real aim of this work, is son. thing one cannot expect to accomplish even in a much longer time. For present one can only hope that nothing will happen to interfere with tht completion of the work as originally planned. For this aU things seem to promise well. On the other hand there is always the. possibility of a clianf in one's personal circumstances, and it would be unfortimate if this work . which I have been engaged for a score of years should for any reason com., to an abrupt end and be left without having been given even a tentative form of completion. Such considerations have led me to think that I should avail myself of the opportunity presented by the pubHcation of Volume X. to g' to it something of the formal character of a concluding number of the series, x should then be quite satisfied to think that the work had been formally completed", even should the continuation of the latter part unfortunately be interrupted. Accordingly, Volume X. contains a general index to the series, from the first volume to the tenth, and also to the studies which I published while I was preparing this work on Icones. I have also added two papers, namely : "An interpretation of Goethe's BloM in his 'Metamorphose der Pflanzen', as an Explanation of the Principle of Natural Classification " and " The Natural Classification of Plants, according to the Dynamic System". The latter deals especially with the natural system established upon the principle on which, since my return from Tonkin in 1917, I have been reflecting, and refers generally to the explanation of natural classification to which my attention was ; mrEODUCTION. Ill VJrawn during the score of years that I devoted to the study of the flora of Formosa. My readers will, I hope, accept the latter paper as my concluding remarks on the flora of that island and also on systematic botany generally. Here I desire to add just a few lines of a more personal nature. In the spring of this year, it was recognized by the Imperial Academy that, since 1900, I had been devoting myself to the study of the flora of Formosa, and Tjy the same Academy I was awarded the Prince Katsura Commemoration Prize, principally for the merit of the volumes on Tcones Plantarum, then published, being the first eight volumes of the series. In the Academy's rmal statement of the reasons for the award, a resume of my work was J en. I trust I may be pardoned if I take the liberty of quoting the statement herein as my formal remarks upon the series. An abstract of the reasons submitted for the award of the Prince Katsuba Commemoration Prize to BtiNzo Hatata, D. Sc. for his studies on the flora of Formosa.* ^* Many years have passed since Dr. Hayata first undertook the study of the flora of Pormosp. f^ first visit to the island was made in 1900 and since then he has gone there many timss ,the collection of materials and for the examination of vegetation.
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