ETHIOPIA/2017/ MULUGETA AYENE MULUGETA ETHIOPIA/2017/ UNICEF © ETHIOPIA Children Fact Sheet 2018

Ministry of Women and Children Affairs

Demographics

UNCRC Article 1:’’ For the purposes of the present Convention, a child means every human being below the age of eighteen years unless under the law applicable to the child, majority is attained earlier’’

Indicator Source Value Total population Total CSA 2018 calculated projection - 96,504,000 Male (%) (2007-2037) 50.2 Female (%) 49.8 Urban 20,057,000 Male (%) 49.7 Female (%) 50.3 Rural 76,447,000 Male (%) 50.3 Female (%) 49.7 Population annual growth EDHS 2011 2.6 rate (%) Total fertility rate (age 15-49) Total EDHS 2016 4.6 Urban 2.3 Rural 5.2 Life expectancy at birth Male (%) CSA 2018 calculated projection - 62.4 (years) Female (%) (2007-2037) 66.6 % of population under age Total CSA 2018 calculated projection - 47,837,055 0-19 Male (%) (2007-2037) 25.7 Female (%) 25 % of population under age Total CSA 2018 calculated projection - 37,336,350 0-15 Male (%) (2007-2037) 20.1 Female (%) 19.5 Total population under age Total CSA 2018 calculated projection - 13,528,590 0-4 Male (%) (2007-2037) 7.3 Female (%) 7.1

Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

End poverty in Reduce inequality all its forms within and among everywhere countries

Non-discrimination respect and ensure the rights to each child within their jurisdiction UNCRC without discrimination of any kind, irrespective of the child’s or his or her parent’s or legal guardian’s race, colour, sex, language, religion, political or other opinion, national, Article 2 ethnic or social origin, property, disability, birth or other status. States Parties shall take all appropriate measures to ensure that the child is protected against all forms of discrimination or punishment on the basis of the status, activities, expressed opinions, or beliefs of the child’s parents, legal guardians, or family members.

2 Economic Indicators

Indicator Source Value GDP per capita (USD) (Nominal 2006 EFY) MoFEC 2015/16 794 GNI per Capita* (2015 USD) World Bank Group 2016 660 Annual growth rate of real GDP (%) World Bank Group 2018 8 Proportion of population under 18 living below the national poverty line CSA-UNICEF 2015 (Child 32.42 (%) Poverty Report) People living below the total poverty line (%) HCES 2015/2016 23.5 People living below the food poverty line (%) HCES 2015/2016 24.8 Population in severe Multi-dimensional Poverty (%) UNDP Human 67 Development Report 2016 Inflation rate (January 2018) (%) CSA 2018 13.4 Proportion of Tax revenue out of GDP (%) National Bank of Ethiopia 11.6 2016/17 Percent distribution of rural households by whether they are in See Graphs 1 & 2 Productive Safety Net Programme (PSNP)

Graph 2: Percent distribution of rural Graph 1: Percent distribution of rural household heads by sex under the households by whether they are Productive Safety Net Programme (PSNP) Productive Safety Net Programme (PSNP)

Afar 65.6 9.90% Dire Dawa 59.2 Tigray 28.9 14.80% Harari 16.5 SNNP 15 75.30% Amhara 14.8 Somali 12 Gambella 4.1 Oromiya 2.3 Benishangul-Gumuz 1.1 National 10.8 Male Female Not PSNP 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 Source: Ethiopia Mini DHS 2014 © UNICEF ETHIOPIA/2016/ NAHOM TESFAYE NAHOM ETHIOPIA/2016/ UNICEF © 3 © UNICEF ETHIOPIA/2016/ NAHOM TESFAYE NAHOM ETHIOPIA/2016/ UNICEF ©

Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

End hunger, achieve food Healthy lives and security and improved well-being for all at nutrition and promote all ages sustainable agriculture

Recognize that every child has the inherent right to life and ensure to the maximum extent UNCRC possible the survival and development of the child. Article 24 Right of the child to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of health, ensure that no child is deprived of Article 6 his or her right of access to health care services.

4 Nutrition

Nutritional Status of Children Trends in Nutritional Status of Children See Graph 3 Percent of Children under age 5 Stunted, Underweight, Wasted Rural/Urban See Graph 4 Percent of children under age 5 Stunted, Underweight, Wasted by Region See Graphs 5,6&7

Graph 3: Trends in nutritional status of Graph 4: Percent of children under age 5 children Stunted, Underweight, Wasted Rural/Urban

60 57.8 Urban Rural 50 51.5 44.4 40 41 38.4 33 Stunted 30 29 40 24 20 30 10 12 12 10 10 20 10 0 0 2000 2005 2011 2016 Wasted Underweight Stunted Underweight Wasted

Source: EDHS 2016 based on 2006 WHO Child Source: EDHS 2000 (converted into 2006 WHO standard), 2005 Growth Standards (converted into 2006 WHO standard), 2011, 2016

Graph 6: Underweight

Graph 5: Stunting Afar 36.2 Benishangul-Gumuz 34.3 Amhara 46.3 Somali 28.7 Benishangul-Gumuz 42.7 Amhara 28.4 Afar 41.1 Dire Dawa 26.2 Dire Dawa 40.2 Tigray 23 Tigray 39.3 Oromiya 22.5 SNNPR 38.6 SNNPR 21.1 Oromiya 36.5 Harari 20 Harari 32 Gambella 19.4 Addis Ababa 5 Somali 27.4 Gambella 23.5 0 10 20 30 40 Addis Ababa 14.6 Graph 7: Wasting 0 10 20 30 40 50

Somali 22.7 Afar 17.7 Gambella 14.1 Benishangul-Gumuz 11.5 Tigray 11.1 Harari 10.7 Oromiya 10.6 Amhara 9.8 Dire Dawa 9.7 Source: EDHS 2016 SNNPR 6 Addis Ababa 3.5

0 10 20 5 Breastfeeding

Indicator Source Value Trends in early initiation of Breast Total EDHS 2016 73.3 Feeding: Who started breastfeeding Male (%) 71.3 within 1 hour of birth (%) Female (%) 75.2 Rural 73.4 Urban 72.6 Total EDHS 2011 51.5 Male (%) 49 Female (%) 54.3 Rural 50.6 Urban 57.1 Total EDHS 2005 69.1 Male (%) 68.4 Female (%) 69.8 Rural 69.5 Urban 64.8 Total EDHS 2000 51.8 Male (%) 51.9 Female (%) 51.7 Rural 52.3 Urban 47.1 Trends in Exclusive breastfeeding (<6 months, %) and Prelacteal Feed See Graph 8

Graph 8: Trends in exclusive breastfeeding (<6 months, %) and prelacteal feed

60 57.5 49 52 40 29 27.1 20 7.9 0 2005 2011 2016

Exclusive breastfeeding (<6 months, %)

Percentage who received a prelacteal feed

Source: EDHS 2005, 2011, 2016 © UNICEF ETHIOPIA/2014/ MICHAEL TSEGAYE MICHAEL ETHIOPIA/2014/ UNICEF ©

6 Child Mortality

Indicator Source Value Neonatal mortality (death per 1,000 live births) (0/00) Probability EDHS 2016 29 of dying in the first month of life EDHS 2011 37 EDHS 2005 39 EDHS 2000 49 Infant mortality rate (death per 1,000 live births) (0/00) EDHS 2016 48 Probability of dying before the first birthday EDHS 2011 59 EDHS 2005 77 EDHS 2000 97 Under five mortality rate (death per 1,000 live births) (0/00) EDHS 2016 67 (Deaths per 1,000 live births in the 5-year period before the EDHS 2011 88 survey) EDHS 2005 123 EDHS 2000 166 Early childhood mortality rates by Region See Graph 9 Early childhood mortality rates according to place of Residence See Graph 10

Graph 9: Early childhood mortality rates by region 125 120 98 94 88 88 93 81 85 79 67 67 65 72 67 80 59 60 62 56 57 47 43 38 37 41 39 34 35 35 36 34 28 36 40 18

Neonatal mortality Infant mortality Under-5 mortality

Graph 10: Early childhood mortality rates by residence

Under-5 mortality

Infant mortality

Neonatal mortality

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

Neonatal mortality Infant mortality Under-5 mortality Rural 38 62 83 Urban 41 54 66

Source: EDHS 2016

7 Childhood Illness and Treatment

Indicator Source Value Trends in percentage of children age Total EDHS 2016 38.5 12-23 months who have received all basic Male (%) 36.5 vaccinations, Total, Urban, Rural Female (%) 40.3 Rural 35.1 Urban 64.6 Total EDHS 2011 24.3 Male (%) 23.1 Female (%) 25.7 Rural 20.4 Urban 48.1 Total EDHS 2005 20.4 Male (%) 22.5 Female (%) 18.2 Rural 17.9 Urban 49.3 Total EDHS 2000 14.3 Male (%) 14.7 Female (%) 13.8 Rural 11 Urban 42 Percentage of children age 12-23 months who received all basic vaccinations at any time See Graphs 11&12 before the survey by Region, Mother’s education and HH Wealth quintile in 2016 Proportion of women who had a live birth in Total EDHS 2016 49 the 5 years preceding the survey whose last Urban 72.4 live birth was protected against neonatal Rural 45.6 tetanus (%) Percentage of children under age 5 who reported a fever in the two EDHS 2016 35 weeks preceding the survey sought treatment from a facility EDHS 2011 24.2 EDHS 2005 17.5

Graph 11: Percentage of children age 12-23 months who received all basic Graph 12 a: Vaccination Graph 12 b: Vaccination vaccinations coverage by mother's coverage by HH wealth Addis Ababa 89 education quintile 71.8 Dire Dawa 76 69.6 70 63 Tigray 67 65 Benishangul-Gumuz 57 46.1 60 SNNPR 47 50 44.6 30.7 50 38.1 Amhara 46 35 36.7 40 Harari 42 20 Gambella 41 30 22.2 Oromiya 25 20 Somali 22 Afar 15 0 20 40 60 80

8 Source: EDHS 2016 Maternal Mortality

Indicator Source Value Trends in maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live birth) See Graph 13 Women aged 15-49 attended at least once by a skilled health provider during pregnancy (%) See Graph 14 Percentage delivered in a health facility by mother’s education and household wealth See Graph 15 quintile Trend in women with a postnatal check during the first 2 days after birth See Graph 16 Unmet need for family planning for currently married women age EDHS 2016 22 15-49 (%) EDHS 2011 25 EDHS 2005 33.8 EDHS 2000 35.8 Trends in use of contraception among all women aged 15-19 Any EDHS 2016 7.4 modern method EDHS 2011 5.2 EDHS 2005 2.5 EDHS 2000 1.3 Trends in use of contraception among all women aged 15-49 Any EDHS 2016 24.9 modern method EDHS 2011 18.7 EDHS 2005 9.7 EDHS 2000 4.7 Trends in use of contraception among all women aged 15-49 Any EDHS 2016 25.3 method EDHS 2011 19.6 EDHS 2005 10.3 EDHS 2000 5.9 Mothers age 15-49 with a live birth in the five years preceding the EDHS 2016 41.1 survey receiving two or more tetanus toxoid injections during last EDHS 2011 33.8 pregnancy (%) EDHS 2005 28 EDHS 2000 17.2 Trends in Maternal Health Care, 2016 See Graph 17

Graph 13: Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR) with confidence intervals for the seven years preceding the 2000, 2005, 2011, and 2016 EDHS

1,039 850 871 799 810 703 673 676 550 548 541 551 412 250 273 2000 EDHS 2005 EDHS 2011 EDHS 2016 EDHS (1993-2000) (1998-2005) (2004-2011) (2009-2016)

Source: EDHS 2000, 2005, 2011, 2016

9 Graph 14: ANC - Women aged 15-49 attended at least once by a skilled health Graph 15 a: Percentage delivered in provider during pregnancy (%) a health facility by residence 100 79.2 90.1 80 76 66.6 68.9 62.458.3 60 50 33.9 27.6 40 26.2 26.721.6 23.7 26.4 19.7 0 20 2000 2005 2011 2016 0 National Rural Urban National Urban Rural

Source: EDHS 2000, 2005, 2011, 2016

Graph 15 c: Percentage delivered in a Graph 15 b: Percentage delivered in a health facility by HH wealth quintile health facility by mothers education 68.6

150 60 91.5 77.4 100 36.8 15.9 50 40 27.3 0 22.2 18.6 More than Secondary Primary No 20 10.6 secondary education 0 Highest Fourth Middle Second Lowest

Graph 16: Trends in women with a postnatal check during the first 2 days Graph 17: Trends in Maternal Health Care after birth 35 31.8 50 30 45.2 28 40 25 Four plus ANC visits 30 32.1 19.1 26 20 20 16.5 Birth attended by 12.6 12.2 10 6.7 15 10.4 skilled provider 0 2.7 10 10 National Rural Urban Birth occurred in a 5 6 6 10 health facility 2011 2016 0 5 5 2000 2005 2011 2016

Source: EDHS 2016 Source: EDHS 2000, 2005, 2011, 2016 © UNICEF ETHIOPIA/2017/ MULUGETA AYENE MULUGETA ETHIOPIA/2017/ UNICEF © 10 HIV/AIDS

Indicator Source Value % of pregnant women aged 15-49 who received HIV tests, results and post- EDHS 2016 21.9 test counselling EDHS 2011 11.3 % of young people aged 15-19 with correct, Male (%) EDHS 2016 37.6 comprehensive knowledge of HIV/AIDS Female (%) 24 Male (%) EDHS 2011 31.8 Female (%) 24 % of young people aged 15-19 who were tested for HIV Male (%) EDHS 2016 8.9 in the past 12 months and received the results Female (%) 12.4 Male (%) EDHS 2011 16.5 Female (%) 18 Trends in HIV Prevalence among people age 15-49 (%) Total EDHS 2016 HIV 0.9 Prevalence Report Male (%) 0.6 Female (%) 1.2 Total EDHS 2011 1.5 Male (%) 1 Female (%) 1.9 Total EDHS 2005 1.4 Male (%) 1 Female (%) 2 HIV Prevalence among adolecnet age 15-19 (%) Total EDHS 2016 HIV 0.2 Prevalence Report Male (%) <0.1 Female (%) 0.4 Total EDHS 2011 0.1 Male (%) 0 Female (%) 0.2 © UNICEF ETHIOPIA/2013/ ZERIHUN SEWUNET ZERIHUN ETHIOPIA/2013/ UNICEF © 11 Health Expenditure

Indicator Source Value Child health expenditure as a percentage of national Ethiopia’s Fifth National Health Account 10 health expenditure (%) 2010/11, FMoH, 2010b 2007/8 Ethiopia’s Fifth National Health Account 11 2010/11, FMoH, 2010b 2010/11 Per Capita Health Expenditure, 1995/96–2013/14 Ethiopia’ Health Accounts, 2013/2014 - See Graph FMOH, HA 1-5 reports, and current HA data 18 Proportion of People covered by Health Insurance - Ethiopia’s Fifth National Health Account See Graph residence and wealth quintiles 2010/11, FMoH, 2010b 2010/11 19

Graph 18: Per Capita Health Expenditure, 1995/96–2013/14 $28.65 $30.00 $25.00 $20.77 $20.00 $16.10 $15.00 $7.10 $10.00 $4.50 $5.60 $5.00 $0.00 1995/96 1999/00 2003/04 2007/08 2010/11 2013/14

Source: Ethiopia Health Accounts, 2013/2014

Graph 19: Proportion of people covered by health insurance (2011/12), residence and HH wealth quintiles

Rural 1.13 Urban 2.47 National 1.25 Wealth Quintiles Q5 2 Q4 0.6 Q3 1.77 Q2 1.04 Q1 1.04

0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5

Source: Ethiopia’s Fifth National Health Account 2010/11

12 © UNICEF ETHIOPIA/2017/ NAHOM TESFAYE NAHOM ETHIOPIA/2017/ UNICEF ©

Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

Ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and lifelong learning for all

The right of the child to education - make primary education compulsory and available UNCRC free to all; ensure that school discipline confirm to child’s human dignity and promote and encourage international cooperation in matters relating to education, Article 29 Goals of Article 28 education directed towards the development of the child’s talents and mental and physical abilities, Article 30 Children of minorities/indigenous groups to enjoy his or her own religion, or to use his or her own language, Article 31 Leisure, play and culture

13 Education

Pre- Primay, Primary and Secondary NER and NAR Pre-primary net enrollment ratio (NER) (%) by region See Graph 20

Indicator Source Value Net attendance ratio Primary Total EDHS 2016 71.3 School Male (%) 71 Female (%) 71.6 Total EDHS 2011 64.5 Male (%) 64 Female (%) 65 Total EDHS 2005 42.3 Male (%) 42.2 Female (%) 42.4 Net attendance ratio Secondary Total EDHS 2016 18.1 School Male (%) 17.6 Female (%) 18.4 Total EDHS 2011 13.7 Male (%) 14 Female (%) 13.4 Total EDHS 2005 15.6 Male (%) 17.7 Female (%) 13.3 Net attendance ratio Primary Urban EDHS 2016 83.1 School Urban/ Rural EDHS 2011 83.6 EDHS 2005 78.8 Rural EDHS 2016 69.8 EDHS 2011 61.1 EDHS 2005 38.8 Net attendance ratio Secondary Urban EDHS 2016 41.5 School Urban/ Rural EDHS 2011 39.1 EDHS 2005 48.2 Rural EDHS 2016 11.7 EDHS 2011 6.2 EDHS 2005 9.7 Trends in dropout rate, grade 1-8 (%) See Graph 21 Trends in national pupil teacher ratio See Graph 22 14 Graph 20: Preprimary NER 2008 E.C. (2015/16) Graph 21: Trends in dropout rate, grade 1-8 (%) 20 National 48.1 15 Tigray 93.6 10 79.5 Addis Ababa 5 2008/09 2009/10 2010/11 2011/12 2012/13 2013/14 2014/15 Harari 72 Male 18.2 13.3 17.4 16.3 7.8 9.9 10.6 SNNP 67.6 National Amhara 51.2 Female 19 13.5 15.1 16.1 6.9 10 10.8 Gambella 41.6 Female National 18.6 13.1 16.3 16.2 7.8 9.9 10.7 Oromia 37 Male Male Female National Benishangul-Gumuz 35.6 Dire Dawa 35.1 Afar 7.1 Somali 5.1 0 50 100

Source: MoE Education Statistics 2015/16 Source: MoE Education Statistics 2015/16

Graph 22: Trends in national pupil teacher ratio Primary and Secondary

60 51 51 50 49.4 47 46 46 36 40 31 29 28.7 27.8 26.4 26.5

20 2009/10 2010/11 2011/12 2012/13 2013/14 2014/15 2015/16

Primary Secondary

Source: MoE Education Statistics 2015/16

15 Enrollment Indicator Source Value National gross enrollment of students with disability Pre-primary Source: MoE 0.7 Male (%) Education 0.8 Statistics Female (%) 0.6 2015/16 Primary 1-8 8 Male (%) 9 Female (%) 7 Secondary 1.5 Male (%) 1.7 Female (%) 1.3 Proportion of teachers trained in Special Needs See Graph 23 Education (SNE) 2015/16 (%)

Graph 23: Proportion of teachers trained in SNE by region 2015/16 (%) 89 81 71 62 68 64 80 48 51 55 60 31 20 28 23 40 8 17 14 1217 20 2 0 1 5 5 4 0

Primary Secondary

Source: MoE Education Statistics 2015/16 © UNICEF ETHIOPIA/2017/ NAHOM TESFAYE NAHOM ETHIOPIA/2017/ UNICEF © 16 Gender Parity Indicator Source Value Gender Parity Index -attendance ratio Primary School EDHS 2016 1.01(NAR) EDHS 2011 1.02 (NAR) EDHS 2005 0.91 (GAR) Gender Parity Index attendance ratio Secondary School EDHS 2016 1.05 (NAR) EDHS 2011 0.95 (NAR) EDHS 2005 0.65 (GAR) School Facilities Proportion of Facilities available in Primary Schools by Region See Graph 24 Proportion of Facilities available in Secondary Schools by Region See Graph 25 Proportion of Facilities accessible for Children with special needs See Graph 26 -Primary and Secondary Schools by Region

Graph 24: Proportion of facilities available in primary schools Graph 25: Proportion of facilities available in secondary by region Schools by region

100 100 Electricity (%) 80 80 Electricity (%) 60 60 40 Water (%) 40 Water (%) 20 20

0 …

- Toilet (%)

0 …

- Toilet (%) Afar Tigray Afar Harari Somali SNNPR Oromia Tigray Amhara Harari National Somali SNNPR Oromia Gambella Amhara Dire Dawa National Gambella Dire Dawa Addis Ababa Benishanguel Addis Ababa Benishanguel

Source: MoE Education Statistics 2015/16

Graph 26: Proportion of facilities accessible for children with special needs -primary and secondary schools by region

100 80 60 40 20 0

Water (%) Primary Water (%) Secondary Toilet (%) Primary Toilet (%) Secondary

Source: MoE Education Statistics 2015/16

17 Literacy Indicator Source Value Percentage of literacy for person age 15-49 Male EDHS 2016 67.4 Female 42 Male EDHS 2011 65 Female 38.4 Male EDHS 2005 58.9 Female 29.2 Percentage literate by Residence , Region and Wealth See Graphs 27, 28 quintile &29

Graph 29: Percentage literate by region Graph 27: Percentage literate by residence National 42 67.4 Addis Ababa 87.895.7 92.5 Dire Dawa 54.5 100 77.9 82.4 62.9 Gambella 50 81.5 Male Harari 54.6 81 31.8 50 Tigray 51 79.9 Female Female Benishangul-Gumuz 38.7 69.7 Male 0 Oromiya 37.3 68.5 Urban Rural Amhara 44.9 65.7 SNNPR 35.3 64.6 Somali 12.4 56.7 Afar 23.7 50.8 0 20 40 60 80 100

Graph 28: Percentage literate by residence HH wealth quintile

91.2 100 74.7 66.1 73.9 54.1 46 43.9 Male 50 25.6 33.3 15.6 Female 0 Lowest Second Middle Fourth Highest

Source: EDHS 2016

Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

Achieve gender Promote Promote peaceful and equality and sustained, inclusive societies empower all inclusive and for sustainable women and economic development, provide girls growth, full access to justice for and productive all and build effective, employment and accountable and decent work inclusive institutions at all levels

Non-discrimination, Article 7 Birth Registration, Right from birth to a name, nationality and the right UNCRC to know and be cared for by parents Article 8 Preservation of identity Article 19 Protection from all forms of violence Article 21 Adoption to ensure best interests of the child Article 22 Rights of refugee Article 2 children Article 23 Rights of children with disabilities Article 32 Child to be protected from economic exploitation and from performing any work that is likely to be hazardous or to interfere with the child’s education, or to be harmful to the child’s health or physical, mental, spiritual, moral or social development. Article 34 Right to be protected from sexual exploitation and abuse Article 35 Prevention of abduction, sale and trafficking of children Article 36 Protection from all other forms of exploitation Article 37 Protection from torture, cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment Article 38 War and Armed conflicts, Article 39 Rehabilitation of child victims Article 40 Juvenile justice. 19 Child Wellbeing Indicator Source Value Birth registration of children under age five (%) Total EDHS 2016 2.7 Male (%) 2.7 Female (%) 2.6 Rural 1.6 Urban 11.5 Percentage of children under 18 years old with both EDHS 2016 0.4 parents dead (%) EDHS 2011 0.8 Proportion of children age 5-17 engaged in child Total CSA and ILO 51 labour in the last one week of the survey (%) 2016 Male (%) 60.4 Female (%) 40.7 Rural 57.9 Male (%) 67.8 Female (%) 46.5 Urban 19.4 Male (%) 21.7 Female (%) 17.4 Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting - FGM/C Indicator Source Value Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting in age 0-14 women EDHS 2016 16 (%) Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting among women age EDHS 2016 65 15-49 women (%) EDHS 2005 74 EDHS 2000 80 Percent of women age 15-49 who are circumcised by See Graph 30 Region

Graph 30: Prevalence of FGM/C by region - percent of women age 15-49 who are circumcised

Somali 99 Affar 91 Harari 82 Oromiya 76 75 Dire Dawa 2016 Benishangul-Gumuz 63 2005 Amhara 62 2000 SNNPR 62 Addis Ababa 54 Gambela 33 Tigray 24

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

Source: EDHS 2016

20 Child Marriage Indicator Source Value The proportion of women married by age 15 among women EDHS 2016 5.7 currently age 15-19 (%) EDHS 2011 8 Proportion of women age 20-24 years who were married by the age EDHS 2016 40.3 18 (%) EDHS 2011 41 Median age at first marriage for women age 20-49 -by Region See Graph 31 Percentage of women age 15-19 who have begun childbearing See Graph 32

Graph 31: Median age at first marriage for women age 20-49 by region Graph 32: Percentage of women age 15-19 who Dire Dawa have begun childbearing SNNPR Harari Somali 30 Gambela 20 2016 2016 Oromiya 10 2011 Tigray 2011 …

0 … Affar 2005 Benishangul-Gumuz Addis Affar Tigray Harari 2000 SNNPR

Amhara Somali Amhara National Benishang Gambela National Oromiya Dire Dawa 0 5 10 15 20

21 Violence Against Women and Children Indicator Source Value Percent of women age 15-49 who have ever Total EDHS 2016 23.3 experienced physical violence since age 15 Rural 23.9 Urban 20.9 Percent of women age 15-49 who have ever Total EDHS 2016 10.1 experienced sexual violence Rural 10.8 Urban 7.3 Attitude toward wife beating: (% of women/ Total EDHS 2016 Men 15-59 who agree that a husband is Male (%) 27.6 justified in hitting or beating his wife for at Female (%) 63 least one specific reason) Rural Male (%) 30.8 Female (%) 69.8 Urban Male (%) 39.2 Female (%) 15.1 Total EDHS 2011 Male (%) 44.7 Female (%) 68.4 Rural Male (%) 50.7 Female (%) 75.5 Urban Male (%) 24.8 Female (%) 45.8 Total EDHS 2005 Male (%) 51.5 Female (%) 81 Rural Male (%) 55.7 Female (%) 85.8 Urban Male (%) 27.8 Female (%) 59

22 © UNICEF ETHIOPIA/2016/ MEKLIT MERSHA MERSHA MEKLIT ETHIOPIA/2016/ UNICEF © © UNICEF ETHIOPIA/2016/ MULUGETA AYENE MULUGETA ETHIOPIA/2016/ UNICEF ©

Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

Ensure availability Make cities and human and sustainable settlements inclusive, safe, management of water resilient and sustainable and sanitation for all

Ensure sustainable Combat climate change consumption and and its impacts production patterns

States parties recognize the right of the child to the enjoyment of the highest UNCRC attainable standard of health and ensure the provision through, inter alia, the application of readily available technology and through the provision of Article 24 adequate nutritious foods and clean drinking water, taking into consideration the dangers and risks of environmental pollution.

23 Indicator Source Value (%) household using improved drinking water Total EDHS 2016 64.8 Rural 56.5 Urban 97.3 Total EDHS 2011 53.7 Rural 41.7 Urban 94.5 Total EDHS 2005 61.4 Rural 56 Urban 93.7 (%) household using improved, not shared Total EDHS 2016 6.3 sanitation facilities Rural 3.9 Urban 15.9 Total EDHS 2011 8.3 Rural 6.6 Urban 14.1 Total EDHS 2005 6.8 Rural 4.9 Urban 18 (%) of population using open defecation (no facility/ Total EDHS 2016 32.9 bush/field) Rural 37.7 Urban 6.8 Person who usually collects drinking water See Graph 33 Time taken to obtain drinking water (round trip) See Graph 34 Percentage of households where place for hand See Graph 35 washing was observed with soap and water by Residence and Region (%)

Graph 33: Person who usually collects drinking water at HH Graph 34: Time to obtain drinking water (round trip)

Total Rural Urban 0.2 Don’t know/missing 0.2 0.4 57.7 44.5 68.2 30 minutes or longer 52.6 Adult woman 16.6 12.6 35.3 20.1 Less than 30 minutes 5.6 10.2 41.7 Water on premises 76.8 20.1 10.4 Water on premises 5.6 12.5 76.8 Female child under age 15 1.9 7.2 0 20 40 60 80 8.3 Adult man 2.8 3.5 Total Rural Urban 4.1 Male child under age 15 0.9 1.2 Other 1.3 1 Graph 35: Percentage of households where place for hand washing was observed with soap and water by residence and region (%)

National 13 Rural 7.4 Urban 27.8 Addis Ababa 38.9 Harari 21 SNNPR 18.5 Benishangul-Gumuz 18.5 Tigray 17.3 Affar 16.6 Dire Dawa 13.1 Gambela 12.6 Oromiya 11.9 Somali 6.8 Amhara 5.2 Source EDHS 2016 0 10 20 30 40

Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

Global partnership for sustainable development

States Parties shall undertake all appropriate legislative, administrative, and UNCRC other measures for the implementation of the rights recognized in the present Convention. With regard to economic, social and cultural rights, States Parties Article 4 shall undertake such measures to the maximum extent of their available resources and, where needed, within the framework of international co-operation.

ACTUAL ODA DISBURSEMENT TO ETHIOPIA BY DONOR JULY 2013-JUNE 2014 (in USD millions) Donor Grant Loan Technical Assistance BILATERAL Group (394) 1270.7 234.7 25 European Union (51) 115.5 0 0 International Financial Institutions (147) 131.9 1036.3 0 UN Group (92) 403.95 0 0 TOTAL (684) 1921.9 1271 25 Source DAG Annual Report 2013-2014 25

Ministry of Women and Children Affairs

Tel 251 11 518 4000 Tel 251 11 552 8394 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] www.unicef.org/ethiopia www.mowca.gov.et