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Pieniny – Przyroda I Człowiek 15: 53–64 (2018)

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Pieniny – Przyroda I Człowiek 15: 53–64 (2018) Pieniny – Przyroda i Człowiek 15: 53–64 (2018) Rodzaje Empis LINNAEUS, 1758 i Rhamphomyia MEIGEN, 1822 (Diptera: Empididae: Empidinae) Pienin Empis Linnaeus, 1758 and Rhamphomyia Meigen, 1822 (Diptera: Empididae: Empidinae) of the Pieniny Mountains Iwona Słowińska Katedra Zoologii Bezkręgowców i Hydrobiologii, Uniwersytet Łódzki, ul. Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Łódź, e-mail: [email protected] Abstract. The data on two empidid genera from the Pieniny Mts. (Outer Western Carpathians, S Poland) are presented. In total 31 species belonging to eight subgenera of Empis and six subgenera of Rhamphomyia were recorded in this study. Among them 28 species are new for this massif, including spe- cies known as rare in Poland: Empis albinervis MEIGEN, 1822, E. melanotricha LOEW, 1873, Rhamphomyia flava (FAllÉN, 1816), R. hybotina ZETTERSTEDT, 1838, R. spinipes (FALLEN, 1816), R. stigmosa MACQUART, 1827, R. sulcatina COLLIN, 1926, and R. trigemina OLDENBERG, 1927. One species, Rhamphomyia bohemica BARTAK et KUBIK, 2012 has been recorded in Poland for the first time. Key words: Diptera, Empidoidea, Polish Carpathians, new records, diversity, check-list Wstęp Informacje dotyczące występowania rodzajów Empis i Rhamphomyia w Polsce pochodzą Empis Linnaeus, 1758 i Rhamphomyia Meigen, w znacznym stopniu ze starych wykazów fauni- 1822 są dwoma największymi rodzajami w obrębie stycznych i niewątpliwie część z nich wymaga rodziny Empididae (Diptera: Empidoidea), obej- potwierdzenia (Palaczyk 1991). Łącznie z nowymi mującymi muchówki zarówno małe, jak i duże notowaniami z terenu naszego kraju wykazano (2–14 mm długości). Razem z rodzajem Hilara 82 gatunki z rodzaju Empis, reprezentujące 12 pod- Meigen, 1822 przynależą do podrodziny Empi- rodzajów, natomiast z rodzaju Rhamphomyia – dinae. Rodzaj Empis reprezentowany jest w faunie 59 gatunków, należących do 7 podrodzajów. światowej przez ponad 750 opisanych gatunków, Na terenie Pienińskiego Parku Narodowego należących do 15 podrodzajów (Chvála 1994, fauna tych muchówek w zasadzie nigdy nie 2013; Yang i in. 2007; Shamshev 2016, 2017). była badana, a stan jej poznania jest znikomy. Natomiast rodzaj Rhamphomyia liczy aktualnie W piśmiennictwie z tego terenu podano zaledwie blisko 600 gatunków (Yang i in. 2007; Barták, cztery gatunki: Empis decora Meigen, 1822, Kubík 2012; Barták i in. 2014; Saigusa 2012). E. livida Linnaeus, 1758, E. nigricans Meigen, Większość gatunków z obu rodzajów rozmiesz- 1804 i E. tessellata Fabricius, 1794 (Nowicki czona jest głównie na półkuli północnej. 1870, Niesiołowski 2006). 54 Pieniny – Przyroda i Człowiek 15, 2018 Biorąc pod uwagę powyższe opracowano 3. Empis (Empis) chioptera Meigen, 1804 materiały znajdujące się w zbiorach autorki. Materiał: 5♂♂ Łąka przy Ociemnym Potoku, 460 m n.p.m., 30.04.2012, Materiał i Metody 2♂♂; łąka przy Pienińskim Potoku, 680 m n.p.m., 2.05.2012, 1♂; Podłaźce, 500 m n.p.m., 2.05.2012, Podstawę niniejszej pracy stanowi materiał zebrany 2♂♂. przez autorkę w latach 2009–14 na terenie Pieniń- skiego Parku Narodowego oraz Małych Pienin. W Europie Środkowej pospolity wczesną Muchówki zbierano siatką entomologiczną, wiosną, zwłaszcza na nizinach. W Polsce poda- a następnie zakonserwowano w 75% etanolu. wany z Babiej Góry, Gór Świętokrzyskich, Biesz- Zebrany materiał znajduje się w zbiorach autorki czadów, Roztocza, Małopolski oraz z Warszawy w Katedrze Zoologii Bezkręgowców i Hydrobio- (Niesiołowski 2006). W Pieninach wykazany logii Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego. tylko z trzech stanowisk na przełomie kwietnia i maja. Wyniki 4. Empis (Empis) melanotricha Loew, 1873 (Fot. 1) Przegląd gatunków Materiał: 9 osobników (7♂♂, 2♀♀) Rodzina: Empididae Ziołorośla pod Ostrą Skałą, 475 m n.p.m., 20.06.2009, Podrodzina: Empidinae 2♂♂; zarośla przy Łonnym Potoku, 520 m n.p.m., Rodzaj: Empis Linnaeus, 1758 24.06.2011, 1♂; łąka przy kaplicy Św. Kingi, 440 m n.p.m., 13.06.2012, 1♂; wąwóz Homole, 577 m n.p.m., 1. Empis (Coptophlebia) albinervis Meigen, 1822 15.06.2014, 2♂♂, 1♀, 635 m n.p.m., 15.06.2014, 1♂, 1♀. Materiał: 6♂♂ Zarośla przy Łonnym Potoku, 520 m n.p.m., 24.06.2011, 1♂; Sromowce Wyżne–Kąty, ziołorośla przy starorzeczu, 465 m n.p.m., 26.06.2011, 2♂♂; zarośla przy Białym Potoku, 560 m n.p.m., 17.06.2012, 1♂; wąwóz Ho- mole, 577 m n.p.m., 15.06.2014, 1♂, 635 m n.p.m., 15.06.2014, 1♂. Gatunek europejski, stosunkowo liczny w Europie Środkowej. W Polsce wykazany z Babiej Góry, Bieszczadów oraz Gór Świętokrzy- skich (Niesiołowski 2006). Na badanym terenie rzadko spotykany, odłowiony w drugiej połowie czerwca. 2. Empis (Empis) aestiva Loew, 1867 Materiał: 2♂♂ Wąwóz Homole, 635 m n.p.m., 15.06.2014, 2♂♂. Gatunek europejski, w Europie Środkowej liczny szczególnie w miesiącach letnich. Z Polski podany z wielu rozproszonych stanowisk na niżu i w górach (Niesiołowski 2006; Krysiak i in. 2010; Słowińska-Krysiak, Palaczyk 2014). Wykazany wyłącznie na terenie Małych Pienin zaledwie Fot. 1. Empis (Empis) melanotricha – samiec na jednym stanowisku. Phot. 1. Empis (Empis) melanotricha – male habitus I. Słowińska: Rodzaje Empis i Rhamphomyia Pienin 55 Gatunek rzadko spotykany w Europie Środ- Polana Kurnikówka, 700 m n.p.m., 28.05.2009, 1♂, kowej. Z Polski podawany z Roztoczańskiego 2♀♀; Bajków Groń, 690 m n.p.m., 28.05.2009, 1♂; Parku Narodowego (Niesiołowski 2006). W Pie- łąka przy Ociemnym Potoku, 460 m n.p.m., 13.06.2012, ninach odławiany wyłącznie w czerwcu, podczas 5♂♂; zarośla przy Białym Potoku, 560 m n.p.m., 17.06.2012, 1♂; Ociemny Potok, 450 m n.p.m., gdy Niesiołowski podaje go z Roztocza wyłącznie 16.05.2013, 2♂♂; zarośla przy Ociemnym Potoku, z drugiej połowy maja. Chvála (1994) uważa 480 m n.p.m., 16.05.2013, 1♂; zarośla przy Głębokim go za typowo wiosenny gatunek, występujący Potoku, 560 m n.p.m., 16.06.2014, 1♂, 3♀♀. od połowy maja do połowy czerwca. Gatunek typowy dla chłodniejszych regionów 5. Empis (Empis) nigripes Fabricius, 1794 Europy. Pospolity w Europie Środkowej, szcze- gólnie na niżu. Z Polski podawany z Puszczy Materiał: 2♂♂ Białowieskiej, Puszczy Niepołomickiej, Biesz- Pryczków, łąka przy Łonnym Potoku, 480 m n.p.m., czadów, Babiej Góry, z Gór Świętokrzyskich, 27.05.2011, 2♂♂ Roztocza oraz z Ogrodu Botanicznego w Łodzi Gatunek palearktyczny. W Europie Środkowej (Niesiołowski 2006). Ponadto notowany w Parku jest to najpospolitszy gatunek z rodzaju Empis Krajobrazowym Wzniesień Łódzkich, Spalskim na nizinach, rzadki na wyższych wysokościach. Parku Krajobrazowego oraz Ojcowskim Parku W Polsce wykazany podobnie jak E. aestiva Narodowym (Krysiak i in. 2010; Słowińska- z wielu rozproszonych stanowisk w górach Krysiak, Palaczyk 2014; Klasa, Palaczyk 2014). i na niżu (Niesiołowski 2006; Krysiak i in. 2010; W Pieninach nieliczny, występuje od połowy maja Słowińska-Krysiak, Palaczyk 2014). Na oma- do połowy czerwca. wianym terenie odnotowany tylko na jednym stanowisku, w strefie ekotonowej między łąką 7. Empis (Euempis) tessellata Fabricius, 1794 a lasem. (Fot. 2) Materiał: 87 osobników (54♂♂, 33♀♀) 6. Empis (Empis) pennipes Linnaeus, 1758 Pryczków, łąka przy Łonnym Potoku, 480 m n.p.m., Materiał: 17 osobników (12♂♂, 5♀♀) 1.05.2009, 9♂♂, 5♀♀, 30.05.2009, 3♂♂, 2♀♀, Fot. 2. Empis (Euempis) tessellata – samiec Phot. 2. Empis (Euempis) tessellata – male habitus 56 Pieniny – Przyroda i Człowiek 15, 2018 1.06.2009, 6♂♂, 4.05.2012, 1♀, 15.06.2012, 2♂♂, 9. Empis (Leptempis) grisea Fallén, 1816 1♀; polana Kurnikówka, 700 m n.p.m., 28.05.2008, 6♂♂, 28.05.2009, 1♂; polana Burzana, 720 m n.p.m., Materiał: 13 osobników (11♂♂, 2♀♀) 28.05.2009, 1♂, 1♀; Bajków Groń, 690 m n.p.m., Pryczków, łąka przy Łonnym Potoku, 480 m n.p.m., 28.05.2009, 1♂, 16.06.2012, 8♂♂, 12♀♀, 5.06.2014, 30.05.2009, 1♂, 24.06.2011, 1♂, 1♀, 4.06.2014, 3♂♂; 1♂, 2♀♀; łąka przy szlaku na Trzy Korony, 610 m n.p.m., Sromowce Niżne, zarośla przy Macelowym Potoku, 16.06.2012, 3♂♂, 2♀♀; łąka przy Pienińskim Potoku, 475 m n.p.m., 20.06.2009, 2♂♂, 1♀; Łonny Potok, po- 680 m n.p.m., 16.06.2012, 9♂♂, 7♀♀, 5.06.2014, 2♂♂; lana przy źródle, 620 m n.p.m., 2.08.2009, 1♂; zarośla polana Wyrobek, 780 m n.p.m., 16.06.2012, 2♂♂. przy Łonnym Potoku, 520 m n.p.m., 24.06.2011, 1♂; polana Wyrobek, 780 m n.p.m., 16.06.2012, 1♂; wąwóz Gatunek palearktyczny, bardzo liczny, niemal Homole, 577 m n.p.m., 15.06.2014, 1♂; ubikwistyczny w Europie Środkowej, spotykany od nizin po niżej położone stanowiska górskie. Gatunek palearktyczny, w Europie Środ- Notowany z Bieszczadów, Babiej Góry, Tatr, Gór kowej pospolity zwłaszcza wczesną wiosną. Świętokrzyskich, Pienin, Roztocza, Białowieży. Na niżu występuje od początku maja do połowy Występuje również na wybrzeżu Bałtyku, w oko- sierpnia, ale najliczniej w czerwcu (Chvála 1994). licach Torunia, na terenie Kampinoskiego Parku W Polsce wykazany z Babiej Góry, Bieszczadów, Narodowego, Parku Krajobrazowego Wzniesień okolic Zakopanego oraz z Parku Krajobrazowego Łódzkich, Spalskiego Parku Krajobrazowego oraz Wzniesień Łódzkich i Spalskiego Parku Krajobra- Ojcowskiego Parku Narodowego (Niesiołowski zowego (Niesiołowski 2006; Krysiak i in. 2010; 2006; Krysiak i in. 2010; Słowińska-Krysiak, Słowińska-Krysiak, Palaczyk 2014). Na oma- Palaczyk 2014; Klasa, Palaczyk 2014). W Pieni- wianym terenie nieliczny, notowany od końca nach jeden z liczniejszych gatunków, związany maja do początku sierpnia. głównie z otwartymi siedliskami (łąki, polany). 10. Empis (Leptempis) mesogramma Loew, 1867 8. Empis (Kritempis) livida Linnaeus, 1758 Materiał: 11 osobników (4♂♂, 7♀♀) Zarośla przy Łonnym Potoku, 520 m n.p.m., 24.06.2011, Materiał: 76 osobników (44♂♂, 32♀♀) 2♂♂; Kosarzyska, 820 m n.p.m., 16.06.2012, 3♀♀; Krościenko, ziołorośla przy Krośnicy, 440 m n.p.m., łąka przy Pienińskim Potoku, 680 m n.p.m., 5.06.2014, 1.06.2009, 2♂♂, 25.06.2011, 3♂♂, 2♀♀, 29.07.2012, 2♂♂, 4♀♀. 2♂♂; Sromowce Wyżne–Kąty, ziołorośla przy starorzeczu, 465 m n.p.m., 26.06.2011, 16♂♂, Gatunek europejski, w Polsce odnotowany 11♀♀, 18.07.2011, 10♂♂, 8♀♀; wąwóz Szopczański w Bieszczadach, na Babiej Górze, w Gorcach, (= Sobczański), 530 m n.p.m., 26.06.2011, 1♂; zarośla w Puszczy Boreckiej oraz w Zakopanem (Niesio- przy ujściu Kotłowego Potoku do Macelowego Potoku, łowski 2006).
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