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Abstract Book International Conference on the Waterfowl of Northern Eurasia

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Abstract Book International Conference on the Waterfowl of Northern Eurasia Goose, Swan and Duck Study Group of Northern Eurasia Goose Specialist Group of IUCN-SSC and Wetlands International Institute of Geography, Russian Academy of Sciences Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences Ministry of Natural Resources, Environment Conservation and Energy Development of Kalmykia “Chernye Zemli” State Nature Biosphere Reserve All-Russian Research Institute for Nature Conservation International Conference on the Waterfowl of Northern Eurasia WATERFOWL OF NORTHERN EURASIA: GEOGRAPHY, DYNAMICS AND POPULATION MANAGEMENT 24–29 March 2011 Elista, Kalmykia, Russia Abstract Book International Conference on the Waterfowl of Northern Eurasia WATERFOWL OF NORTHERN EURASIA: GEOGRAPHY, DYNAMICS AND POPULATION MANAGEMENT is supported by U.S. Fish &Wildlife Service, Wildlife Without Borders program Royal Dutch Shell &Wetlands International WWF –NL (INNO-fund) Faunafonds Russian Foundation for Basic Research UNDP/GEF Project “Conservation of wetland biodiversity in the Lower Volga region” UNDP/GEF Project “Improving the Coverage and Management Effi ciency of Protected Areas in the Steppe Biome of Russia” Wildlife Conservation Foundation of Kalmykia “Manych-Gudilo” Public Environmental Foundation “Preobrazhenskiy” Dairy Plant CURRENT STATUS OF WINTERING GEESE IN THE LEFT-BANK PART OF THE DRY-STEPPE ZONE OF UKRAINE Yu.A. Andryushchenko, V.M. Popenko Azov-Black Sea Ornithological Station, Melitopol, Ukraine [email protected] From the early 1990s, there have been regular winter counts of geese in the left-bank part of the dry-steppe zone of Ukraine. The main methods of the count consist of watching the shores of the seas, including their bays, estuaries and river mouths on automobile routes; watching 10 x 10 km inventory quadrats on shuttle-vehicle routes – in both cases from stops and looking out over the open water areas with a telescope. Data gathered in this way enabled us to trace the population dynamics of the wintering geese in the region for more than 20 years. For the outlined period, a noticeable decrease in the numbers of wintering geese, above all the Greylag (Anser anser) and the White-fronted Goose (A. albifrons), was recorded. An excep- tion was the Red-breasted Goose (Rufi brenta rufi collis), the abundance of which has increased during this century, although a slight decrease has been noticed in recent years. The Lesser White-fronted Goose (A. erythropus) and the Bean Goose (A. fabalis) have been encountered in such low numbers that no trend has been detected. Correlated with the change in numbers, we have observed an overall redistribution of the Red-breasted, Greylag, and White-fronted geese within the studied region. Whereas at the end of the last century these species were en- countered relatively ubiquitously, in the 21st century they have practically ceased wintering in the north-western region around the Sea of Azov and have become more concentrated on the Sivash, and, in recent years, in the region of the Askania-Nova Biosphere Reserve. Depending upon the nature of the winter (with or without a deep snow cover, the crusti- ness of the cover, and other climatic factors impeding access to food), the redistribution of the geese on the territory occurs, up to a nearly complete outmigration from the region. The main reasons for the drop in numbers and spatial redistribution of the geese in the left-bank part of the dry-steppe zone of Ukraine in the past 20 years are the large-scale decline of land suitable for their food, above all of crops of winter cereals in the last decade of the 20th century, and a nearly complete absence of corn; and the widespread and essentially unregulated poaching, using modern means and technology. Restoration of wintering geese in the south of Ukraine is possible only under the following conditions: • The conducting of regular scientifi c monitoring of wintering in the region and of opera- tional management on its basis; • The regulation and tightening of nature protection and hunting legislation; • The political will of governments at all levels to guarantee the fulfi lling of the foregoing directions not in talk, but in action. ENCOUNTERS OF THE BLACK BRANT (BRANTA NIGRICANS) ON THE SOUTH KURILS M.A. Antipin State Nature Reserve “Kurilskiy”, Yuzhno-Kurilsk, Russia [email protected] For the entire period of the work of Soviet and Russian ornithologists on the territory of the South Kurils, hardly any attention was paid to the study of the Black Brant. In “The Birds of the South Kurils” (Nechaev, 1969), the author cited Snow, 1902, who showed that the given species is encountered very rarely on the Kuril Islands. In the publication, which summarizes the work of the many known ornithologists who worked on the South Kurils from the 1970s to the 1990s (Nechaev, Fujimaki, 1994), the authors show that the Black Brant is a rare migrant for the given territory. In “The Birds of Japan” (Brazil, 1991), the author shows the area of the 3 E LISTA, 24–29 MARCH 2011. Strait of Izmena between the islands of Kunashir and Hokkaido as a stopover site for Black brant during seasonal migrations. From 1984 to 2010, workers of the nature reserve “Kurils- kiy” gathered data on encounters of brant and determined sites of their feeding stopovers dur- ing seasonal migrations on the south of Kunashir Island. In 2002–2003, it was revealed that the Black Brant is rather common on spring migration (Ushakova, 2003), according to the results of surveys by the staff ornithologist of the reserve and of interview data of local inhab- itants. The main staging site for the brant was Lake Veslovskoye (43°42’56” N, 145°33’06” E), where, in 2009, approximately 200 brant were recorded. The fi rst groups of birds appear on the lake in early September; the brant remain here until the middle of December. The chief factor limiting the duration of the feeding stopover of the birds is the low temperatures that initiate the formation of an early ice cover on the lake. In spring the brant remain on the lake from the end of March to the middle of May. Lake Veslovskoye lies in the protected zone of the nature reserve, being closed to hunting year round, but the proximity of the village of Go- lovnino and the accessibility of the territory by transportation turn out to have a negative im- pact on the status of the brant population. Because not only the lake but also the area of the nearby Veslovskiy Peninsula are a place of stopovers of many thousands of waterfowl during seasonal migrations, it makes sense to confer the status of Specially Protected Natural Terri- tory on all of this territory, with its own infrastructure and restricted access. PRODUCTIVITY OF THE WETLANDS OF THE EASTERN EUROPEAN TUNDRA IN TERMS OF ANSERIFORMS V.V. Anufriev Institute of Ecological Problems of the North, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Arkhangelsk, Russia [email protected] Census transects of waterfowl were carried out on foot in June-July 2004–2010 according to generally accepted methods. The length of the census routes on each land type was 50– 100 km. The population density of adults (young birds were not included) was calculated as the mean for all types of habitat. The mass of the birds was expressed as the sum of products of the population density of each species and the mean (between females and males) weight of a single individual of this species. The results of the studies are presented in the table. Table Summer productivity of the wetlands with regard to anseriforms Species dominant in abundance Number of Mass of birds (% population density species kg/km2 of all anseriforms) Islands of the Barents Sea (from west to east) South-western Kolguyev Island 12 1163 Branta leucopsis (94), Anser albifrons (4), Somateria spectabilis (1) Dolgiy Island 9 88 Somateria spectabilis (33), Branta leucopsis (23), Anser albifrons (15) South-western Vaygach Island 9 258 Anser fabalis (49), Branta leucopsis (41), Cygnus columbianus (5) Bolshezemelskaya Tundra Maritime Tundra (from west to east) Basin of the Chyornaya River 10 135 Anser albifrons (52), Clangula hyemalis (26), Aythya marila (16) Varandeyskaya Lapta Peninsula 10 176 Anser albifrons (52), A. fabalis (22), Clangula hyemalis (17) Southern tundras (from west to east) Basin of the middle course of the Anser fabalis (28), Anas acuta (20), Clangula hyemalis (19), 837 Kolva River Melanitta fusca (19) Basin of the middle course of the 7 34 Anser fabalis (44), Anas penelope (33), Aythya marila (15) Adzva River Basin of the middle course of the 4 36 Anser fabalis (51), Melanitta nigra (40), Aythya marila (6) Bolshaya Rogovaya River 4 I NTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON THE WATERFOWL OF NORTHERN EURASIA RARE ANSERIFORMS IN THE AREA OF BLACK SEA NATURE RESERVE T.B. Ardamatskaya Ukrainian Society for the Protection of Birds, Ukraine [email protected] Thanks to its geographic position on a migratory fl yway for birds and to its numerous wa- ter bodies with a wealth of islands, the area of Chernomorskiy [Black Sea] Nature Reserve is very important as a site for migratory staging, wintering and nesting for 32 species of water- fowl, of which 9 are listed as rare or threatened in the Red Book of Ukraine. The Red-breasted Goose (Branta rufi collis) was a migratory transient in the fi rst half of the 20th century; owing to a change in its migration route, in the last two decades of that century its abundance in the area of reserve during migration increased signifi cantly. Now, it is a com- mon migratory and scarce wintering species. The Tundra Swan (Cygnus bewickii) was not noticed before the 1960s; now, it occasionally overwinters on Tendrovskiy Bay in insignifi cant numbers (4–8 individuals). The Ruddy Shelduck (Tadorna ferr uginea) nested on Dzharylgach Island in small numbers in the 1920s.
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