Deep Maps: West Cork Coastal Cultures Sea, Land and Spirit Conference, Dingle 5-8 June 2017
Breda Moriarty, Rachel Murphy, Orla-Peach Power, Michael Waldron University College Cork Deep Maps: West Cork Coastal Cultures
• Research Aims and Study Area
• Research Approach
• Visualisations
• Project Dissemination and Preservation
• Conclusion Interdisciplinary Team
College of Arts, Celtic Studies and Social School of Biological, Earth & Sciences Environmental Sciences
Prof. Claire Connolly Dr. Rob McAllen School of Biological, Earth School of English and Environmental Sciences
Dr. Michael Orla-Peach Dr. Rachel Breda Seán Waldron Power Murphy Moriarty MacGabhann English / History of Digital Humanities Digital Humanities Ecology / Rural Marine Biology Art / Archaeology / History Development Research Aims
1. Develop a methodology for the interrelationship of cultural and biological knowledge that can be scaled for other maritime environments
2. Connect the priorities of scientific research to contemporary understandings of coastal environments via an exploration of the cultural history of selected sites in the context of stakeholder workshops
3. Develop a website that depicts the combined cultural and environmental richness of selected coastal sites Study Area: West Cork Coast Deep Maps: West Cork Coastal Cultures
• Research Aims and Study Area
• Research Approach
• Visualisations
• Project Dissemination and Preservation
• Conclusion Research Model
West Cork PLACE DATA
Stakeholder: e.g. from surveys Fisheries and Aquaculture and workshops
Pollution Biological/scientific: e.g. current and past priorities
Climate Change THEME/PRIORITY
Bantry Baltimore
Cultural: e.g. art, literature, Clonakilty Lough Hyne folklore Biodiversity/Conservation
Historical: e.g. official data, personal accounts Policy and Legislation
1700 1920 Present Day TIME Research Model
West Cork PLACE DATA
Stakeholder: e.g. from surveys Fisheries and Aquaculture and workshops
Pollution Biological/scientific: e.g. current and past priorities
Climate Change THEME/PRIORITY
Bantry Baltimore
Cultural: e.g. art, literature, Clonakilty Lough Hyne folklore Biodiversity/Conservation
Historical: e.g. official data, personal accounts Policy and Legislation
1700 1920 Present Day TIME Historical Sources: Official Records
Reports and Commissions e.g. Annual Reports of Inspectors of Irish Census Reports Fisheries
Source: British Parliamentary Publications Source: HISTPOP and British Parliamentary Papers Historical Sources: Maps
Plan du Fort et Baye de Bantry, Goubet, negative, (c.1690-5), NLI MS 2742 French Military Reconnaissance Plan of Bantry Bay, G. Pawley, May 1808 Map, 1789, NLI MS 809 NLI 15 B. 14 (32)
All maps reproduced with kind permission of the National Library of Ireland Historical Sources: Maps
6" OS map of C. Cork, undated but OS map ‘Ireland – West Coast Harbours in Bantry Bay’ 25" OS map ‘Bantry Union and RD Cork thought to be based on 1842 survey detail of Bantry Harbour, scale 1:10,580, 1914 (Bantry West Carbery)’, 1920
Source: Bantry House Papers, BL EP B 2159 Source: Bantry House Papers, BL EP B 2120 Source: Bantry House Papers, BL EP B 2124 Historical Sources: Newspapers and Directories Pigot’s Directory, 1824 Advertisement placed in Cork Constitution, 12 April 1851 Historical Sources: Photographs
The Pier, Bantry, Co. Cork Lough Hyne, Co. Cork
Both images sourced from the Lawrence Collection, National Library of Ireland Historical Sources: Contemporary Accounts
Charles Smith Rev. Horatio Townsend The Ancient and Present State of the Statistical Survey of the County and City of Cork (1750) County of Cork (1810) Historical Sources: Estate Papers
Bantry Estate Collection (UCC Library) including maps, legal papers, fisheries and shooting leases, correspondences, sketchbooks, and other materials Research Model
West Cork PLACE DATA
Stakeholder: e.g. from surveys Fisheries and Aquaculture and workshops
Pollution Biological/scientific: e.g. current and past priorities
Climate Change THEME/PRIORITY
Bantry Baltimore
Cultural: e.g. art, literature, Clonakilty Lough Hyne folklore Biodiversity/Conservation
Historical: e.g. official data, personal accounts Policy and Legislation
1700 1920 Present Day TIME Cultural Sources: Visual Art
James Gillray, The End of the Irish Invasion – or – the Destruction of the French Armada 1797
View of Allihies Mines Sketchbook of Richard White Joshua Rowley Watson William Magrath, Gathering Kelp c.1820s/30s (courtesy UCC Library) Nelson’s Monument, Castletownshend 1877 (courtesy Crawford Art Gallery, Cork) c.1815 (courtesy Crawford Art Gallery, Cork) Cultural Sources: Folklore
‘Sea-horses’ in Bantry Bay, referred to in The Schools’ Collection, Volume 0281 (Bantry School) Cultural Sources: Literature Cultural Sources: Travellers’ Accounts
Clodagh Leigh-White Nature Notebook (1913-18)
Georgiana Chatterton Mrs & Mrs Samuel Carter Hall Rambles in the South of Ireland Ireland: Its Scenery, Character, etc. in the Year 1838 (1839) Vol I (1841) Research Model
West Cork PLACE DATA
Stakeholder: e.g. from surveys Fisheries and Aquaculture and workshops
Pollution Biological/scientific: e.g. current and past priorities
Climate Change THEME/PRIORITY
Bantry Baltimore
Cultural: e.g. art, literature, Clonakilty Lough Hyne folklore Biodiversity/Conservation
Historical: e.g. official data, personal accounts Policy and Legislation
1700 1920 Present Day TIME Timeline of Scientific Investigation of Lough Hyne 1847 - present Lough Hyne – Current Status
• Europe's first statutory Marine Nature Reserve (since 1981) • The Lough sustains a huge variety of marine plants and animals • Important on an international scale Environmental Issues at the Lough Biodiversity Loss and Changes
Eutrophication Invasive Species Research Model
West Cork PLACE DATA
Stakeholder: e.g. from surveys Fisheries and Aquaculture and workshops
Pollution Biological/scientific: e.g. current and past priorities
Climate Change THEME/PRIORITY
Bantry Baltimore
Cultural: e.g. art, literature, Clonakilty Lough Hyne folklore Biodiversity/Conservation
Historical: e.g. official data, personal accounts Policy and Legislation
1700 1920 Present Day TIME Deep Maps surveys and their role
• What are the perceptions of stakeholders with regard to marine issues?
• How is information about marine priorities being transferred to stakeholders?
• Does more need to be done for outreach and dissemination of information?
• Can these perceptions be linked to the heritage and culture that may have contributed to forging them? Methodology
• Questionnaires
• Workshops
• Primary Schools
• In person interviews Questionnaire 1
Baseline: stakeholders’ familiarity, how informed and concerned about marine issues and policies
Issues: • Biodiversity loss, climate change, coastal erosion, drilling oil/gas, ecotourism, habitat alteration/destruction, invasive species, marine pollution, marine traffic, eutrophication, ocean acidification, overfishing/depletion of stocks, sea level rise Informed vs. Concerned Issues Informed and concerned: climate change, over fishing/depletion of stocks and marine litter
Informed and Concerned: biodiversity loss and ocean acidification (decrease in pH levels)
Policies There was little or no familiarity with regard to environmental legislation Questionnaire 2
Value of the coast/sea e.g. sense of identity, plants and animals, source of income, inspiration, natural asset…
Where do people get their information about the marine environment? e.g. scientific journals, local or oral tradition, TV, radio, school, magazines… Value and Information
Valued most: Scenery, recreation and as a natural asset
Valued least: Built heritage, source of income and as a source of food
Most Information: National/local newspapers, TV, first-hand (personal experience), internet
Least Information: Governmental reports, school, scientific reports, environmental organisations Workshop
Marine environment • What is the benefit/importance of the marine environment? • What are the concerns for the marine environment?
Marine Conservation: Policies and role of scientific outreach
• Scientific outreach (for example; workshops, public talks, conferences, lectures, dedicated events...) - what is their role in dissemination of marine environmental information and can knowledge of the past help inform understanding of current priorities? Workshop
Present linking to the past • What role has culture/heritage played in your perceptions about the marine environment?
• Has the coastal (coast and sea) area changed in your lifetime? (Biologically, anecdotally...) Results
• Economic, scenery, recreation, and natural capital
• Pollution, overfishing, climate change, and weak governance of the coast
• Disconnect between governance and what is happening on the ground
• Public consultation was deemed necessary in order to affect real change
• Appropriate communication techniques – this might be addressed by the website? Results
• Decrease in population of rural maritime areas and the loss of fishing traditions
• Deeper knowledge of the history and traditions of coastal locations might help us to appreciate the ‘magic’ of special coastal places Primary Schools
Liked most about coast/sea: Wildlife, recreation, and the water, pretending to be a mermaid
Problems with the coast/sea: Pollution (litter, plastic,…) safety on the sea, and climate change Results Results In-person interviews
Engage with stakeholders about the study area with regard to marine environmental issues and maritime culture. Research Model
West Cork PLACE DATA
Stakeholder: e.g. from surveys Fisheries and Aquaculture and workshops
Pollution Biological/scientific: e.g. current and past priorities
Climate Change THEME/PRIORITY
Bantry Baltimore
Cultural: e.g. art, literature, Clonakilty Lough Hyne folklore Biodiversity/Conservation
Historical: e.g. official data, personal accounts Policy and Legislation
1700 1920 Present Day TIME Themes: Fisheries and Aquaculture
Report on the State of Irish Fisheries, Census Report, 1841 Good-bye! Off to Skibbereen, Stanhope Forbes
Netmaking, Baltimore School
Source: Lawrence Collection, National Library of Ireland Deep Maps: West Cork Coastal Cultures
• Research Aims and Study Area
• Research Approach
• Visualisations: Combining Scientific and Cultural Research
• Project Dissemination and Preservation
• Conclusion Visualisations
• Represent various layers of data generated from the project • Scientific • Textual • Art Historical • Cartographic • Archaeological
• Easily navigable for multiple stakeholders
• Encourage/facilitate deeper investigation and explorations Research Model
West Cork PLACE DATA
Stakeholder: e.g. from surveys Fisheries and Aquaculture and workshops
Pollution Biological/scientific: e.g. current and past priorities
Climate Change THEME/PRIORITY
Bantry Baltimore
Cultural: e.g. art, literature, Clonakilty Lough Hyne folklore Biodiversity/Conservation
Historical: e.g. official data, personal accounts Policy and Legislation
1700 1920 Present Day TIME Tools and Technologies
• Timelines – Timeline JS
• Storymaps – Storymap JS, Odyssey JS
• GIS – ArcGIS, QGIS, GoogleMaps, Mapbox
• Archives – Omeka, WordPress, Drupal
• Other - Storify • Open Source tool • User-friendly • Generates a URL and can be embedded • Hosts multiple media formats: Twitter, Flickr, YouTube, Vimeo, Vine, Dailymotion, Google Maps, Wikipedia, SoundCloud etc.
• Google Spreadsheet – linked to your own Gmail account • Flickr Account for Media – to host your images • Yahoo Account https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/timeline3/latest/embed/index.html?source=1dJuApPX264BD2iwjam1kDSbgS-USpff_LnVkiIHnePE&font=Default&lang=en&initial_zoom=2&height=650 • Open Source tool • User-friendly • Hosts multiple media types: Twitter, YouTube, Vimeo, Vine, Wikipedia, SoundCloud etc. • Basemaps and Mapbox • Linked to email • URL and embedding
https://uploads.knightlab.com/storymapjs/27deb338510bab9703daaf26ecc1f8df/lough-hyne/index.html Create a maps and Storymaps that can be viewed in a browser, desktop or mobile device. Share it on a blog, via email, or embed it in a website.
• Spatial Data • Cross-platform Integration • Attribute Data • Dissemination • Temporal Data • Mixed Media https://rachelmurphy.maps.arcgis.com/apps/webappviewer/index.html?id=f65db7a14778416b9244cd0c92a59392 • It allows layering of information • Thematic exploration – user-led • It allows mixed media, i.e. there are pictures and music in there as well as text • Facilitates deeper exploration of place • Control over visual output (base layers, points etc.) • Cross platform integration – dissemination! • West Cork Travellers’ Accounts created in an ESRI Story Map • Linear narrative to show travellers visits to West Cork over time • Combined with images, interactive maps, and multimedia • Uses a crowd-sourced map to engage with local community
West Cork Travellers’ Accounts • Open source • Archive / repository for your data • Dublin Core standards • Hosts different file formats – audio, documents, images, maps, PDF, .ppt, video • Embed story maps • Geolocation tool Deep Maps: West Cork Coastal Cultures
• Research Aims and Study Area
• Research Approach
• Visualisations
• Project Dissemination and Preservation
• Conclusion Dissemination: Blog Dissemination: Social Media
@deepmapscork facebook.com/deepmapscork/ Monthly Newsletter Dissemination: West Cork Community
National Heritage Week, Aug 2016 West Cork College course, Jan-Apr 2017 Project Postcards Touch Tanks, Lough Hyne Spring Watch: West Cork, Breda Moriarty Dissemination: Conference Papers Landscapes, Environment and Heritage, September 2016 Sea, Land and Spirit, Dingle, June 2017
Irish Maritime History Conference, Oceans Past VI, Portugal, May 2017 November 2016 Deep Maps: West Cork Coastal Cultures
• Research Aims and Study Area
• Research Approach
• Visualisations
• Project Dissemination and Preservation
• Conclusion In conclusion … Where we are now: Some provisional conclusions • Engaged in two kinds of mapping: connecting past • Our shared environment suffers when there is too to present while visualising the interrelationship wide a gap between the environmental sciences, of cultural and biological knowledge. marine policy and the arts and humanities. • Incorporating stakeholder feedback in order to • In working to bridge this gap this we continue to develop a rich digital resource. promote a sense of shared ownership of coastlines across the disciplines and aim to reach out from • Researching and thinking about a reflective essay interdisciplinary interconnections towards that addresses the methodological challenges of community stakeholders and the public at large. the project, including a discussion of such issues as the challenges of research collaborations between humanities and the natural sciences; the role of spatial narratives in bridging disciplinary differences