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Host plants and natural enemies of Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) in China
ARTICLE in INSECT SCIENCE · JANUARY 2011 Impact Factor: 2.14 · DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-7917.2010.01395.x
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Shaojian Li Muhammad Z Ahmed South China Agricultural University University of Florida
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE Host plants and natural enemies of Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) in China
Shao-Jian Li1,XiaXue1, Muhammad Z. Ahmed1, Shun-Xiang Ren1, Yu-Zhou Du2, Jian-Hui Wu1, Andrew G. S. Cuthbertson3 and Bao-Li Qiu1 1Department of Entomology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 2School of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China, 3The Food and Environment Research Agency, Sand Hutton, York, UK
Abstract The sweetpotato whitefly, Bemisia tabaci, has been a destructive pest in China for over the past two decades. It is an extremely polyphagous insect, being recorded feeding on hundreds of host plants around the world. Potential host plants and natural enemies of B. tabaci in the south, southeast, middle, north and northwest of China were investigated during the last decade. In total 361 plant species from 89 families were recorded in our surveys. Plants in the families Compositae, Cruciferae, Cucurbitaceae, Solanaceae and Leguminosae were the preferred host species for B. tabaci, which therefore suffered much damage from this devastating pest due to their high populations. In total, 56 species of parasitoids, 54 species of arthropod predators and seven species of entomopathogenic fungi were recorded in our surveys. Aphelinid parasitoids from Encarsia and Eretmocerus genera, lady beetles and lacewings in Coleoptera and Neuroptera were found to be the dominant arthropod predators of B. tabaci in China. The varieties of host plant, their distribution and the dominant species of natural enemies of B. tabaci in different regions of China are discussed. Key words Bemisia tabaci, China, host plant, natural enemy, survey
Introduction and their products is considered as one of the key reasons for this pests’ global invasion (Dalton, 2006; Qiu et al., Invasive insect pests can greatly affect the community 2007a). structure of native insects and cause substantial damage in Bemisia tabaci was first recorded in China in the late agricultural and forest ecosystems (Pimentel et al., 2000). 1940s (Chou, 1949), but it was not considered a seri- Among these invasive pests, the sweetpotato whitefly, ous pest until outbreaks were recorded in the mid-1990s, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), which were due to the invasion of the B biotype (Wu et al., has been found globally distributed except in Antarctica 2003; Qiu et al., 2007a). Previous investigations have re- (De Barro, 1995; De Barro et al., 2000; De Barro et al., ported that this pest can damage a wide range of host 2005). B. tabaci remains a serious pest of many agri- plants, including vegetables, economic crops and orna- cultural and ornamental crops worldwide, being recorded mental plants; for example, Avidov and Harpaz (1969) re- on a large range of host plant species (Nomikou et al., ported 52 host plants in Israel, Azab et al. (1971) reported 2001; Cuthbertson et al., 2007). Furthermore, the in- 172 plant species in Egypt and Gameel (1972) recorded creasing international trade and transportation of plants 115 plants of B. tabaci in Sudan. On a global basis Mound and Halsey (1978) reported 420 host plant species in 74 families and Greathead (1986) recorded more than 500 Correspondence: Bao-Li Qiu, Department of Entomology, host plant species worldwide. Recently, Gelman et al. South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510640, (2005) reported that B. tabaci can attack more than China. Tel: +86 20 85283717; fax: +86 20 85280316; email: 600 species of host plants in both field and greenhouse [email protected] settings, including food, fiber and ornamentals.