Mycologia,Mycologza, 86(5), 1994, pp. 704-711.704-7 1 1. ©1C 1994, byby The New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, NY 10458-512610458-5126
William BridgeBridge Cooke, 1908-19911908- 1991
MichaelMichael A. Vincent degreedegree awardedawarded inin 1939. After beingbeing drafteddrafted andand serv-sen- MarthaMartha J.J. PowellPowell inging inin thethe ArmyArm) duringduring WorldWorld War II,11, BridgeBr~dgeearnedearned
DepartmentDepartment ofof Botany,Botany, Miami,bfzantz University,Cnzversztj, Oxford,Oxford, OhioOhlo hishis Ph.D.Ph.D. fromfrom thethe StateState CollegeCollege ofof WashingtonIVashington inin 45056 45056 1950,1950,under under thethe directiondirection ofof RexfordRexford F.F. Daubenmire.Daubenmire. AA colorfulcolorful employmentemployment historyhistory exemplifiedexernplified BridgeBridge HaroldHarold H.H. Burdsall,Burdsall, Jr.Jr. Cooke'sCooke's lovelove ofof naturalnatural history,histon, especiallyespeciall) fungi.fungi. HisHis CenterCentet forfor ForestForest MycologyLMycologjResearch, Research, USDA,L SDA4.ForestFotest ProductsPtoducts Laboratory,Labolator)', OneOne Gi¶ordGzjord PinchotPznchot Drive,Drzve, earliestearliest employmentemployment waswas aa NationalSational YouthYouth Adminis-Adminis- Madison,,Ilad~so?a,WisconsinH zstonszn 5370553705 trationtration positionposition inin thethe UniversityUniversity ofof CincinnatiCincinnati her-her- barium,barium, preparingpreparing fungalfungal specimens.specimens. SummersSummers fromfrom
1936-19411936-1941 andand 1946-19471946-1947 werewere spentspent asas custodiancustodian ofof thethe ShastaShasta AlpineAlpine Lodge,Lodge, MountMount Shasta,Shasta, California.California.
ForFor mostmost ofof us,us, amongamong favoritefavorite imagesimages rememberedremembered ItIt wasTvas aa ruggedrugged job,job, gettinggetting upup atat 4:004:00 A.M.,A.M.,but but thisthis fromfrom MSAMSA foraysforays andand meetingsmeetings areare thosethose ofof Dr.Dr. Wil-Wil- employmentemployment allowedallowed much~nuchtimetime forfor floristicfloristic studies,studies,
liamliam BridgeBridge CookeCooke colorfullycolorfully attiredattired inin oneone ofof hishis resultedresulted inin severalseveral publications,publications, includingincluding aa seriesseries ofof
mushroommushroom shirts,shirts, carefullycarefully craftedcrafted byby hishis wife.wife. HeHe popularpopular articlesarticles inin thethe MountALfozlnfShastaSha~lu Herald,Herald, andand shapedshaped
acceptedaccepted thethe tasktask ofof summarizingsummarizing resultsresults ofof thesethese ex-ex- muchmuch ofof thethe restrest ofof hishis life'slife's activities.activities. WhileIl'hile atat OregonOregon
cursionscursions asas aa seriousserious responsibility.responsibility. AA prolificprolific author,author, StateState College,College, hehe earnedearned hishis livingliving byby aidingaiding RoderickRoderick writingwriting nearlynearly 200200 articlesarticles duringduring hishis longlong andand pro-pro- SpragueSprague identifyidentify grassgrass diseases.diseases. PriorPrior toto WorldIl'orld WarWar
ductiveductive life,life, BridgeBridge pioneeredpioneered standardsstandards forfor microbialmicrobial II,11, BridgeBridge contributedcontributed articlesarticles toto thethe Warren\lbr.retl CountyCozitztj
observationsobsemations duringduring waste-waterwaste-~vatertreatment,treatment, andand waswas News,Yews (Ohio)(Ohio) onon locallocal plantplant life.life. DuringDuring thethe war,war, hehe
renownedrenowned forfor hishis knowledgeknowledge ofof fungalfungal ecologyecolog) andand servedsened forfor 22 yryr asas aa U.S.U.S.Army Arm)-supply supply clerkclerk inin VirginiaVirginia taxonomy,taxonomy, especiallyespecially ofof thethe Polyporaceae.Polyporaceae. ButBut firstfirst andand andandwas was thenthen transferredtransferred toto thethe TropicalTropical DeteriorationDeterioration
foremost,foremost, BridgeBridge waswas aa loverlover ofof thethe out-of-doors,out-of-doors, es-es- ResearchResearch LaboratoryLaboratory inin Philadelphia,Philadelphia, aa positionposition thatthat
peciallypecially thethe mountains,mountains, andand thethe fungifungi theythey relin-relin- utilizedutilized hishis mycologicalmycological expertiseexpertise onon aa studystud) ofof thethe quishedquished toto anan avidavid collector.collector. rolerole ofof fungifungi inin thethe destructiondestruction ofof equipmentequiprrlent andand WilliamWilliam BridgeBridge CookeCooke was\ Foster,Foster, WarrenWarren County,County, Ohio,Ohio, andand dieddied atat thethe ageage ofof thethearmy, army,Vivian Vivian encouragedencouragedBridge Bridge toto pursuepursue hishis Ph.D.P11.D. 8383 inin Cincinnati,Cincinnati, OhioOhio onon DecemberDecember 30,30, 1991.1991. HeHe ThisThis ledled toto aa movemove toto Washington,Washington, wherewhere hehe workedworked waswas thethe eldesteldest ofof thethe fourfour childrenchildren ofof WilliamWilliam ThomasThomas inin thethe herbariumherbarium underunder thethe directiondirection ofof CharlesCharles Gard-Gard- HunterHunterCooke, Cooke,a agardener, gardener,and andKatherine Katherine MayMay (Bridge)(Bridge) nerner Shaw.Shaw. UponUpon completingcoillpleting thethe Ph.D.,P11.D.. BridgeBridge wastvas Cooke,Cooke, aa teacher.teacher. BridgeBridge marriedmarried VivianVivian MarieMarie Green-Green- employede~nployedbyby thethe RobertRobert A.A.Taft Taft SanitarySanitan EngineeringEngineering waldwald ononJune June 12,12, 1942,1942, inin Reno,Reno, Nevada,Nevada, afterafter aa 12-12- Center,Center, Cincinnati,Cincinnati, asas aa mycologist,mj-cologist,a a positionposition hehe heldheld yrj-r courtship.courtship. untiluntil hishis retirementretirement inin 1969.1969.In In hishis retirementretirerrlent years,)-ears, BridgeBridge Cooke'sCooke's educationeducation beganbegan atathis his mother'smother's side.side. hehe heldheld researchresearch associateassociate appointmentsappointments atat thethe Uni-Uni- AsAs aa publicpublic schoolschool teacher,teacher, sheshe tooktook herher childrenchildren withwith versityversity ofof CincinnatiCincinnati andand Miamihliami University.Lniversit!.. herher toto thethe schoolschoolwhere where sheshetaught. taught. AfterAfter earlyearly school-school- AsAs aa professionalprofessional mycologist,nlycologist, BridgeBridge CookeCooke au-au- inging inin Foster,Foster, BridgeBridge graduatedgraduated fromfronl TerranceTerrance ParkPark thoredthored atat leastleast 192192publications publications onon thethe taxonomytaxonornj andand HighHigh SchoolSchool inin 1925.1925. HeHe enrolledenrolled inin thethe UniversityUniversity ecologyecoloa-of of fungi,fungi, fungalfungal andand vascularvascular plantplant floristics,floristics, ofof CincinnatiCincinnati nightnight schoolschool programprogram inin 1928,1928,and and thenthen andand wastewaste waterwater organisms,organisms, includingincluding fivefive books:books: A'4 wantedwanted toto enterenter thethe UnitarianUnitarian ministry,ministn, butbut afterafter aa LaboratoryLaboratory GuideGuide totoFungi Fungi ininPolluted Polluted WatersP\/lhter.s ...... (1963)(1963), yearyear ofof studystudy atat thethe PacificPacific UnitarianUnitarian SchoolSchool forfor thethe OurOur Mouldy,Vfould~EarthEarth (1970),(1970). TheThe EcologyEcology ofoj'Fz~ngiFungi (1979),(1979). MinistryMinistry inin Berkeley,Berkeley,California, California,felt felthe helacked lacked thethetem- tem- FungiFungi ofofLassenLassen Volcanicl'olcanic NationalLYationulPark Park (1985),(19851,and and TheThe peramentperament forfor thethejob. job. AfterAfter aa briefbrief periodperiod ofof studystudy atat FungiFungi ofof OurOurMouldy ibfouldyEarth Earth (1986).(1986).New New taxataxa hehe pub-pub- thetheUniversity University ofof California,California,Berkeley, Berkeley,Bridge Bridge returnedreturned lishedlished includeinclude atat leastleast 33 subfamilies,subfamilies, 1010genera, genera, 1 1sec- sec- toto thethe UniversityUniversity ofof CincinnatiCincinnati inin 1932,1932,from from whichwhich tion,tion, 1 1 subgenus,subgenus, 144144 species,species, andand 44 subspeciessubspecies andand hehegraduated graduated inin 19371937with wit11 aaB.A. B.A. inin Botany.Botany. GraduateGraduate varieties,~arieties,asas wellwell asas 141141 newnew combinationscombinations atat variousvarious studystudy waswas undertakenundertaken atat thethe OregonOregon StateState CollegeCollege ranks.ranks.Bridge Bridgewas Jvas ananavid avidreader readerand andpublished published atatleast least underunder thethe guidanceguidanceof of DonaldDonald P.P. Rogers,Rogers,with with aa M.S.M.S. 160160book book reviews.revie~vs.HeHe also alsowrote, wrote,but butnever never published,published, 704 VNCENT ET AL.: WHDAM COOKE 705 William Bridge Cooke, about 1960. English translations of many scientific articles from under revision at the time of his death, and is being German and French, including such major works as edited for posthumous publication. Lohwag's AnatomieAnutomie der Asco- und Basidiomyceten. His William Bridge Cooke was a member of numerous last major scientific work, a fungal biota of Ohio, was scientific societies, including the American Association 706 MYCOLOGIA for the Advancement of Science (fellow), MycologcalMycological sued, numbering 1-450, from 1939 to 1951, and ma- Society of America, Explorer's Club, British Mycolog- terials for new issues were being prepared at the time ical Society, International Society for Human and An- he died. Many taxa were based on his collections, and imal Mycology, American Institute of Biological Sci- Bridge Cooke was honored with taxa named for him, ences, Society for Industrial Microbiology, Ecological including Bricookea M.E.M.E. Barr, Bahusakala cookei M.B. Society of America, Botanical Society of America, Ellis, Choiromyces cookei Gilkey, Clathrospora cookei Weh- American Bryological Society, American Fern Society, meyer, Microsporium cookei L. Ajello,,Ajello, and Phaeosphaeria American Society of Plant Taxonomists, Arctic Insti- cookei Shoemaker & Babcock (all fungi), as well as Gly- tute, California Botanical Society, California Academy ceria cookei Swallen (Graminae), and Phacelia cookei of Sciences, Ohio Academy of Sciences (fellow), North Heckard & Constance (Hydrophyllaceae). American Mycological Association, Sierra Club, Na- Bridge will be remembered as a quiet and indepen- ture Conservancy, American Society of Agronomy, Soil dent individual who liked to spend time reading, writ- Science Society of America, Ohio Mushroom Society, ing, and studying his herbarium. He did not like to International Society for Plant Taxonomy, American drive, so Vivian drove him places he wanted to go, or Academy of Microbiology (charter member and fel- they took the bus. In his early years, Bridge would low), Northwest Scientific Association, and Society of walk the many miles from his home to the University American Bacteriologists.Bacteriologsts. Honors awarded to Bridge of Cincinnati, often reading a book as he walked. As include induction into the Blue Hydra (University of a young man, when his lifelong trips to Mount Shasta, Cincinnati), Phi Sigma Society, Sigma Xi, Gamma Sig- Mount Lassen, and Glacier National Park began, he ma Delta (Oregon State College), as well as a Superior hitchhiked from Cincinnati to the West. Trips west Service Award from the U.S. Public Health ServiceSewice after he and Vivian married were by car. Although and an Award for Excellence from the Federal Water they had no children of their own, they often included Pollution Control Administration. He was cited in Who a niece or nephew on these trips, who report many Knows-And What, American Men of Science, Who's Who songs sung on the way. Later, Bridge and Vivian used in the Midwest, Who'sWJho's Who in America,.America, World Who's Who the bus to travel cross-country, and Bridge reportedly in Science, and the DictionaryDictiona~of International Biography. had all the bus time tables for the Cincinnati terminals He served on the editorial boards of Mycopathologiai2ljcopathologia et memorized. Although a punctual man when going to Mycologia Applicata and Sydowia. Bridge presented pa- church or other places, he would lag behind on hikes, pers at meetings of the Ohio Academy of Science, being too interested in the plant and fungal specimensspecime~ls MycologicalMycologcal Society of America, Purdue Industrial to be collected to care to keep up. Waste Conferences, and the Gordon Research Con- In fact, Bridge was the ultimate forayer. He was in ference on Stream Pollution. his glory in the woods or in the lab, postforay, working As a member of the MycologicalMycologcal Society of America, up specimens. He enjoyed challenging his colleagues Bridge servedsenred one term (1962-1964) on the MSA and young mycologists-to-be with the use of a new Council, and was present at most forays during his generic name or species epithet. He also made great years as a mycologist.mycologst. He was involved with or chaired use of the spread of collections on the display tables the MSA Foray Committee for over 30 yr from at least by harvestinghanesting collections for his herbarium. Many of 1960 to 1991. For his outstanding dedication to the the collections in his herbarium were derived in this annual MSA forays and for inventorying the foray manner. Bridge was very helpful in providing speci- results, he was presented a MSA Special ServiceSenice Award mens for study. With the geographical area covered in 1990. Bridge also attended forays of the North by the forays, and the specimens authenticated by ex- American Mycological Association, Ohio Mushroom perts in attendance, his herbarium provided a rich Society, Northeast Mycological Foray, and those of source of the wood-decay fungi, although insects tooktook the International Mycological Congresses. their tolltoll on the fleshier materials. Bridge was an avid collector, both of plant and fun- Bridge was a legendary mycological character. Re- gal specimens, and of stamps. His personal herbarium, calling him toto mind will bring a smile to the faces of numbering some 70 000 specimens, consisted mainly those who knew him because of his somewhat eccentric of fungal specimens, but also vascular plants, bryo- personality, his dry sense of humor, his unhurried phytes, and lichens. The bulk of his fungal herbarium pace, his infamous single-spaced, double-sided, three isis now deposited in thethe W. S. Turrell Herbarium, Mi- legal-pagelegal-page lengthlength Christmas letter, and his presence ami University, but specimens were distributed widely. at seemingly everyeven foray held inin his career. He was a In addition to exchanges of specimens and gifts sent unique and special mycologist. out for determination, Bridge prepared sets of spec- It was rare to see Bridge without Vivian at his side. imensimens issuedissued as Mycobiota ofofNorthNorth America, which were They remained nearly inseparable.inseparable. They had a special sent to 25 institutions,institutions, of which 11 fascicles were is- relationship and, inin their life,life, worked as a team. In VINCENT ET AL.: WILUAM COOKE 707 the kitchen, Bridge creamed together the sugar and tribution of Deschampsia atropurpurea. Leafl. W. Bot. 3: 120. butter as Vivian made cookies, and in the field, Vivian 1942. . Resupinate pore fungi in Oregon. Amer. Midl. would always seem to locate the fungus that Bridge Naturalist 27: 677-695. wanted to collect. They hiked together, sometimes for . 1942. . Record climbs of Mount Shasta. Sierra Club an entire day, searching and collecting fungi, climbing Bull. 27(4): 130-131. trails up the mountains. In their 80s, these climbs were 1942. Bonar, L., and W. B. Cooke. Some new and inter- at a slower pace, and they would periodically rest on esting fungi from Mount Shasta. Mycologia 34: 663- benches along the way. People passing by would ask 668. in amazement how they had got there. The reply was 1943. Cooke, W. B. Some parasitic and saprobic fungi of characteristically direct: "Why, we walked, of course!" southern Ohio-II, III. Pl. Dis. Reporter 27: 24-35. It is not surprising that Vivian followed Bridge in death 1943. . Some Basidiomycetes from Mount Shasta. Mycologia 35: 277-293. only about a year later, on February 25, 1993. It is 1944. . Notes on the ecology of the fungi of Mount difficult to imagine how one could exist without the Shasta. Amer. Midl. Naturalist 31: 237-249. other. 1948. . A survey of literature on fungus sociology Bridge Cooke will be missed by those who loved and ecology. Ecology 29: 376-382. forays. No one could have loved mycology more or . . 1949. . Second supplement to the flora of Mount with more enthusiasm. In his absence, MSA forays will Shasta. Amer. Midl. Naturalist 41: 174-183. never be the same· 1949. . Fungi of Mount Shasta ferns. Amer. Fern J. 39: 42-46. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 1949. . Myxomycetes of Mount Shasta. Madroño 10: 55-62 The authors thank Dr. and Mrs. Cooke's niece, Mary Brig- 1949. . Oxyporus nobilissimus and the genus Oxyporus ham, for her assistance in obtaining bibliographic data and in North America. Mycologia 41: 442-455. photographs, and for bringing Vivian to the Miami Univer- 1949. . Western fungi-I. Mycologia 41: 601-622. sity herbarium to recount her memories of Bridge after his 1949. . Recent systems of polypore classification. death. Dr. John Furlow and Dr. Tod Stuessy, Ohio State Llo dia 12: 220-228 University, provided access to archival materials in the OS 1949. , and C. G. Shaw. A check list of the polypores herbarium. Dr. Thomas J. Cobbe also provided interesting . of the Pacific Northwest. De artment of Plant Pa- recollections of Bridge as a fellow undergraduate at the thology, Washington State College, Pullman, Wash- University of Cincinnati. ington. 183 pp. 1950. . A study of fungi, lichens, and mosses in re- PUBLICATIONS OF WILLIAM BRIDGE COOKE lation to vascular plant communities in eastern Wash- 1939. Sprague, R., and W. B. Cooke. Some fungiimperfecti ington and adjacent Idaho. Ph.D. Thesis, State Col- from the Pacific Northwest. Mycologia 31: 43-52. lege of Washington, Pullman. 1939. Cooke, W. B. Some ferns of Mount Shasta. Amer. 1951. . The genus Cytidia. Mycologia 43: 196-210. Fern J. 29: 105-111. 1951. . Ecological life history outlines for fungi. Ecol- 1939. . A note on the occurrence of ferns in some ogy 32: 736-748. Ohio caves. Amer. Fern J. 29: 144-148. 1951. . Some myxomycetes from south central Wash- 1940. . Flora of Mount Shasta. Amer. Midl. Naturalist ington. Northw. Sci. 25: 171-175. 23: 497-572. 1952. . Western fungi-II. Mycologia 44: 245-261. 1940. . A nomenclatorial survey of the genera of 1952. . Nomenclatural notes on the Erysiphaceae. pore fungi. Lloydia 3: 81-104. Mycologia 44: 570-574. 1940. . Mycobiota of North America (notice). My- 1952. , and C. G. Shaw. Notes on Alaskan fungi. Res. cologia 32: 416-417. Stud. State Coll. Wash. 20: 15-20. 1940. . Preliminary host index to fungi of Mount 1952. , and . Cercosporella in Washington. Shasta, California. Pl. Dis. Reporter Suppl. 123: 125- Lloydia 15: 125-128. 133. 1952. , and . Western fungi--III. Mycologia 1941. . The problem of life zones on Mount Shasta, 44: 795-812. California. Madroño 6: 49-56. 1952. , and . The Suksdorf fungus collections. 1941. . Additions to the host index of fungi of Mount Res. Stud. State Coll. Wash. 20: 135-145. Shasta, California. Pl. Dis. Reporter 25: 61-62. 1953. . A survey of literature on fungus sociology 1941. . First supplement to the flora of Mount Shas- and ecology-II. Ecology 34: 211-222. ta. Amer. Midl. Naturalist 26: 74-84. 1953. . Mosses in a sewage treatment plant. Bryologist 1941. . Some parasitic and saprobic fungi of south- 56: 143-145. ern Ohio. Pl. Dis. Reporter 25: 190-200. 1953. . The genera of the Homobasidiomycetes (ex- 1942. . Additions to the host index of fungiof Mount clusive of the Gasteromycetes). USDA, ARS, Division Shasta, California-II. Pl. Dis. Reporter 26: 253-259. of Mycology and Disease Survey, Beltsville, Maryland. 1942. . An additional note on the Californian dis- Special Publ. 3: 1-100. 708 MYCOLOGIA 1953. -, and C. G. Shaw. The Suksdorf fungus col- 1957. -. Nutritional requirements of nine common lections-II.lections-11. Res. Stud. State Coll. Wash.\\ash. 21: 3-56.3-56, sewage fungi. Sewage Industr. Wasteslia~tes29: 1243-1251.1243-1 251. 1953. -, and P. Kabler. The survivalsunival of HistoplasmaHzstoplasrna 1957. -. WildernessLVilderness fungi-the silent scavengers.scalengers. Si-31- capsulatum in water. LloydiaLlojdia 16: 252-256. erra Club Bull. 42(6): 48-54. 1953. Shaw, C. G., and W.kt-. B. Cooke. Reliquiae Suksdor- 1957. -. Some problemsproblenis in the identification of mi- fiana. Fungi collected by William N.Suksdorf 1882- croorganisms. Pp. 39-42. In:1~1:TransactionsTransuctionc ofa seminar 1927. Wash.M'ash. State Agric.Agrzc. Exp. Sta.Stu. Circ.Czrc. 217: 1-29. on biological problemsproblem inzn water pollution, 1956.19.56. R.K. A. 1954. Cooke, W. B. The use of antibiotics in media forfbr the Taft Sanitary Engineering Center, Cincinnati, Ohio. isolation of fungi from polluted water. Antibiot.A4ntibiot.Che- 1957. -. Use and value of fungi as biologicalbiologcal indicators motherapy 4: 657-662. of pollution. Pp. 84-93. In: TransactionsTransactiont ofofaa seminarsemznar 1954. -. Fungi in polluted water and sewage. I. Lit- on biological problemsp)-oblems in112 water pollution,pollz~tion. 1956. R.K.A.'4. erature review.revie\\-. Sewage Industr.Indzrstr. Wastesllhstes 26: 539-549..539-549. Taft Sanitary Engineering Center, Cincinnati,(:incinnati, Ohio. 1954. -. FungiFung in polluted waterlvater and sewage. II.11. Iso- 1957. -, and K. A. Busch. Activity of cellulose-decom-cellulose-deco~n- lationtechnique.SewageIndustr.Wastes26:661-674.lation technique. Sewage Industr. llhstes 26: 661 -674. posing fungi isolated fromfron~sewage-polluted water. 1954. -. FungiFung in polluted water and sewage. III.111. Fun- Sewage Industr. WastesTlhste,~29: 210-217.21 0-21 7. gi in a small polluted stream.streanl. Sewage Industr. Wastesllizstes 1957. -, W.LV. M.Sf. Ingram, A..A. F. Bartsch, and].and J. D.I). En-Ln- 26: 790-794. right. Submerged aquatic plants in a primaryprirnary settling 1954. -. On Overholts'Overliolts' conservatism. Mycologia,llycologia 46: reservoir.resenair. J. Amer..+Irnc~r.Waterworkshater work^ Assoc..+Ir~oc.49: 318-321.91 8-321. 683-688. 1958. -. Continuous sampling of trickling filter pop- 1954. -. The genus Arthrinium.Arthrinlum. Mycologia,L.Ijcolog~a 46: 815- ulations. I. Procedures. SewageSezuage Industr.Indt~st~.Wastesll~ies 30: 21-2- 822. 27. 1954. Raper, K. B., and W.kt'. B. Cooke. The 1950 foray of 1958. -. The ecology of fungi. Bot.But. Rev. (Lancaster)(Lunca.\terj 24: the Mycological Society of America. MycologiaALfjcoiog7a 46: 342-429. 670-679. 1958. -, and A. Hirsch. ContinuousCorltinuous sampling of trick- 1955. Cooke, W. B. Subalpine fungi and snowbanks. EcologyEcolog)! ling filter populations. II.11. Populations. Sewage In- 36: 124-130. dustr. WastesIV'astes 30: 138-156.138-136. 1955. -. Fungi, lichens and mossesrllosses in relation to vas- 1958. -, and M.R.1. J. Foter.Poter. Fungi in used bedding ma- cular plant communitiesconimunities in eastern WashingtonLt'ashington and terials. Appl. Microbiol.‘Mia-obzol. 6: 169-173.1G9-173. adjacent Idaho. Ecol. Monogr. 25:23: 119-180.1 19-1 80. 1958. -, and F. J. Ludzack.Iaudzack. Predacious fungus behav- 1955. -. Some fungi from Alaska. Northw.Ai~rthw.Sci. 29: 127- ior in activated sludge systems. Sewage Industr. WastesIlhstrc 138. 30:1490-1495.30: 1490-1495. 1955. -. Fungi of Mount ShastaSllasta (1936-1951).(1936-1931). SydowiaSydowza 1958. Heinlein, C. L., and W.I'V. B. Cooke. Micro-fungiI\licro-fungi in the 9: 94-215. soil. Sci. TeacherTeachel- 25(1): 20-24. 1955. -, and P. Kabler. Isolation of potentially patho- 1958. Ingram, W. M.,kl., W.\V. B. Cooke, and L. T. Hagerty. genic fungi from polluted water and sewage. Public Snails associated with~vithsewage treatment installations. Health Rep. 70: 689-694. Sewage Industr. WastesIlhstrs 30: 821-825.82 1-825. 1956. -. The genus Phlebia. MycologiaLVlycologia 48: 386-405. 1959. Cooke, W. B. Are fungi important in sewage treat- 1956. -. Potential plant pathogenic fungi in sewage ment?merit? Public WorksM"orks januaryJanuary 1959: 113-114.113-1 14. and polluted water. Pl.PI. Dis.Dzs. Reporter 40: 681-687. 1959. -.. Trickling filterfiltcr ecology.ecolog). EcologyEcolog~40: 273-291. 1956. -. Colonization of artificial bare areas by mi- 1959. -. Fungi in polluted water and sewage.selvage. IV.I\'. The croorganisms. Bot.Bat. Rev. (Lancaster) 22: 613-638. occurrence of fungi in a trickling filter-type sewage 1956. -.. The fungus collections of WilliamWilliarll Russel treatment plant. U.S.C.S. Dept. Health, Education and Dudley. Contr. DudleyDudlej Herb. 5: 23-35. Welfare, Proc. 13th Purdue Industrial WasteIt-aste Con- 1956. -, and P. W.LV. Kabler.Kabler-. The survivalsul-vi\-alof Histoplasma ference, series no. 96. PurdueI'urdue Univ.C'niv. EngineeringEngrneering Bull. capsulatum in water. U.S.I:S. Department ofoj Health, Edu- 43(3): 26-45 (as 1958). cationandWelfare,PublicHealthMonographs39:261-cation and \Celfare, Public Health lLlonographs 39: 26 1- 1959. -.. An ecological life historyhistor) of AureobasidiumAureobasidlum 264. pullulans (de Bary)Ban) Arnaud.Xrnaud. Mycopathol.llfjcopathol. Mycol.Alljcol.Appl. 1956. -, W.LC. A. Moore, and P. W.LV. Kabler. B.O.D. sat- 12: 1-45. isfaction by fungi. Sewage Industr.Indust,-. WastesNastes 28: 1075- 1959. -, and D. B. Lawrence. Soil mould fungi iso-iso- 1086. lated fromfro111 recently glaciated soils in south-eastern 1957. -. The genera Serpula and Meruliporia. Mycolo- Alaska.4aska.J.J. Ecol. 47: 529-549. gia 49: 197-225. 1959. -, and A. F. Bartsch. Aquatic fungi in waterxvater 1957. -. Natural and induced fungal degradation of with high waste loads. Sewage Industr. WastesI.l7a.stes31: 1316-1316- lignin. TAPPI 40: 301-306. 1322. 1957. -, and P. W. Kabler. Plant disease fungi in sew- 1959.1951). -. The genera of pore fungi. LloydiaLlojdia 22: 163- age polluted water. Public Health Rep. 72: 651-654. 207. 1957. -.. Check list of fungi isolatedisolated fromfrorn polluted 1960. -, and A. F. Bartsch.Rartsch. Aquatic fungi inin some water and sewage. Beih. Sydowia 1: 146-175. Ohio streams. Ohio].OhioJ. Sci. 60: 144-148. 1957. -.. The Porotheleaceae: Porotheleum. Mycologia 1960. -. Calyptella capensiscupensis from South Africa. Mycolo-.'l.Iycolo- 49: 680-693. gia 52: 341-343. VINCENT ET AL.: WILLIAM COOKE 709 1960. -, and H. T. Fournelle. Some soil fungi from 1964. Georg, L. K., B. W. Bierer, and W. B. Cooke. En- an Alaskan tundra area. Arctic 13: 266-270. cephalitis in turkey poults due to a new fungus spe- 1960. Phaff, H. J., M. W. Miller, and W. B. Cooke. A new cies. Sabouraudia 3: 239-244. species of Schwanniomyces: Schwanniomyces alluvius.alluuius. 1964. Cooke, W. B., and J. L. Lowe. The 1955 Michigan Antonie van Leeuwenhoek Ned.Ared. Tijdschr. Hyg. 26: 182- foray. Mycologia 56: 602-607. 188. 1964. -. The soil of the wilderness. Sierra Club Bull. 1960. Cooke, W. B., H. J. Phaff, M. W. Miller, M. Shifrine, 49(9): 67-69. and E. P. Knapp. Yeasts in polluted water and sewage. 1964. -, and R. Pomerleau. IX International Botan- Mycologia 52: 210-230. ical Congress-Field Trip no. 16-Fungi. MycologiaiMycologia 1960. Emmons, C. W, G. B. Cummins, and W. B. Cooke. 56: 607-618. The 1958 foray of the Mycological Society of Amer- 1964. Pomerleau, R., and W. B. Cooke. IX International ica. Mycologia 52: 808-817.808-81 7. Botanical Congress-Field Trip no. 22-Quebec 1961. Cooke, W. B. Pollution effects on the fungus popu- fungi. Mycologia 56: 618-626. lation of a stream. Ecology 42: 1-18. 1964. Horning, W. B., R. Porges, H. F. Clarke, and W. B. 1961. -., Fungi from Raroia in the Tuamotu Archi- Cooke. Waste stabilization pond study, Lebanon, pelago. PacificPaci$c Sci. 15: 186-188. Ohio. U.S. Dept. Health, Education of Welfare, Pub- 1961. -. The natural occurrence of Aureobasidium.dureobasidium. Pp. lic Health Service Publ. 999-WP-16. 48 pp. 37°C. 330-334. In: Recent advances in botany. Univ.L-niv. Toronto 1965. Cooke, W. B. The growth of yeasts at 37OC. Myco-~Myco- Press. pathol. Mycol. Appl. 25: 195-200. 1961. -. The genus Schizophyllum. Mycologia 53: 575- 1965. -. The enumeration of yeast populations in a 599. sewage treatment plant. Mycologia 57: 696-703. 1961. -. The Cyphellaceous fungi. Beih. Sydowia 4: 1- 1965. Lowy,Louy, B., and W. B. Cooke. The 1960 Louisiana for- 144. ay. Mycologia 57: 478-483. 1961. -, and G. Nyland. Clathraceae in California. 1966. Cooke, W. B. Fungi in sludge digesters. Proceedings Madrofio~MadroEo16: 33-42. of the 20th Industrial Waste Conference. Purdue Univ.CTniv. 1961. -, and L. Bonar. Additional fungi from the Ga- Engineering Bull. 50: 6-176-1 7 (1965).(1965). lapagos and other Pacific coastal islands collected 1966. -. A note of Cryptococcus ater Castellani. Myco- during the Templeton Crocker Expedition, 1932. Oc- pathol. Mycol. Appl. 30: 349-352. cas. Pap. CalifCalif: Acad. Sci. 29: 1-5. 1967. -. The occurrence of fungi in acid mine-drain- 1961. -., SomeSo~neeffects of spray disposal of spent sul- age. Proceedings of the 21st Industrial Waste Con- phite liquor on soil mold populations. Proc. 15th ference. Purdue Univ. Engineering Bull. 50(2): 258- Industrial Waste Conf. Purdue Univ.C'niv. EngineeringEngineeringBull.Bull. 274. 45: 35-48 (1960). 1967. -. The 1961 Indiana foray. MycologiaMycologza 59: 375- 1962. -. On the flora of the Cascade Mountains. Was- 381. mann f.J. Biol. 20: 1-67. 1967. -. Fungal populations in relation to pollution 1962. -.. A-4 taxonomictaxonon~icstudy in the "Black Yeasts." of the Bear River, Idaho-Utah. Proc. UtahC'tah Acad. Sci. Mycopathol.l@copathol. Mycol.,2lycol. Appl.'4ppl. 17: 1-41. 44: 298-315. 1962. -. Species of Fusarium isolated from a waste 1967. -, G. Baker, and C. M. Leach. The 1962 Oregon stabilization pond system. Mycopathol. Mycol. Appl.'4ppl. 18: foray. Mycologia 59: 519-524. 225-233. 1967. -, M.kf. E. Barr Bigelow, and H. E. Bigelow. The 1962. -.. PhialophoraPhialopho7.a jeanselmei (Langeron) Emmons, 1963 Massachusetts foray. Mycologia 59: 910-917.91 0-9 17. a correction. Mycopathol. Mycol.~Mycol.Appl. 18: 177-178.177-1 78. 1968. -. Ascocorticium in Ohio. Ohio J. Sci. 68: 161- 1962. -., The role of fungi in environmental sanitation. 163. Developm. Industr. Microbiol.Microbial. 3: 313-318-31 3-31 8. 1968. -.. Carbon/nitrogen relationships of fungus cul- 1963. -. Third supplement to the flora of Mount Shas- ture media. Mycopathol. Mycol. Appl. 34: 305-316. ta. Amer. Midl. Nat. 70: 386-395· ta. Amer. Midl. hTat.70: 386-395. 1968. -.. Fungi and their environments. Amer. Biol. 1963. . Fungi associated with spent sulfite liquor dis- 1963. -. Fungi associated with spent sulfite liquor dis- Teacher 30: 521-526. posal in a natural sand bed. TAPPI 46: 573-578. 1968. -. Studies in thethe genus Prototheca. I. Literature 1963. , and G. S. Matsuura. Removal of ABS from - review. J. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. 84: 213-216.2 13-2 16. solutions by a common fungus of sewage. Mycopathol.1Mycopathol. 1968. -. Studies inin thethe genus Prototheca. II.11.Taxonomy. MMycol.col. AMl.'4ppl. 19: 287-295287-295. f.J. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. 84: 217-220. 1963. -. A'4 laboratorylaboratory guide to fungi inin polluted waters, 1968. -.. The 1964 Colorado foray. Mycologia 60: 1093- sewage, and sewage treatment systems. U.S. Dept. Health, 1098. Education and Welfare, Public Health Service Publ. 1968. -. Some fungi of thethe Cache La Poudre River, 999-WP-1. 132 pp. Colorado. Mycopathol.iMycopatho1. Mycol. Appl. 35: 361-372. 1963. -,, and G. S. Matsuura. A study of yeast popu- lationslations inin a waste stabilization pond system. Proto- 1968. -,, and A. R. Brazis. Occurrence of molds and plasma 57: 163-187. yeasts inin dairy products. Mycopathol. Mycol. Appl. 35: 282-289. 1963. -, and -. Physiological studies in thethe black 282-289. yeasts. Mycopathol.A4ycopathol. Mycol.'Mycol. Appl. 21: 225-271. 1968. Tabak, H. H., and W. B. Cooke. The effects of gas- 7 10 MYCOLOGIA eous environments on the growth and metabolism of 1973. -. Back-yard fungi. Ohio J. Sci. 73: 88-96. fungi. Bot. Rev.Rev, (Lancaster)(Laneaster) 34: 126-252. 1973. -. Some backgrounds for an Ohio mycobiota. 1968. -, and -., Growth and metabolism of fungi OhioOhioJ.J. Sci. 73: 83-88. in an atmosphere of nitrogen. MycologiaIlfycologza 60: 115- 1973. -. The usefulness of degradative fungi. Myco-;Myco- 140. pathol. Mycol. Appl. 51: 199-205. 1968. Cooke, W. B. Essay review: cost of wilderness. EcologyEcolog 1973. -. The 1968 Ohio foray. Mycologia,\lycologia 65: 192- 49:587-591.49: 587-591. 198. 1969. -., The 1965 Illinois foray. Mycologia121ycologia 61:61: 817-817- 1974. -. Tibor Benedek. Mycopathol. Mycol. Appl. 52: 822. VI-VII. 1969. -., A bibliography of histoplasmosis. Mycopathol.!Mycopathol. 1974. -. Terminology of the FungiFung Imperfecti. My- Mycol. Appl. 39: 1-94. copathol. Mycol.:Mycol. Appl.iippl. 53: 45-67. 1969. -, and W. O.0.Pipes. The occurrence of fungi in 1974. -. Some Aphyllophorales of the southern Cas-Gas- activated sludge. Purdue Univ.Chiv. Engineering Bull. 53: cade Mountains. Trans. Mycol.iMycol. Soc. Japan 15: 324- 170-182. 340. 1969. -, and G. S. Matsuura.blatsuura. Distribution of fungi in 1975. -. The ubiquity of fungi. Rep. Tottori Mycol..Mjcol. Inst. a waste-stabilization pond system. Ecologia 50: 689- 12: 193-198. 694. 1975. -. The 1970 Indiana foray. MycologiaJlycologza 67: 1065- 1969. -. Fungi in soils over which digested sewage 1071. sludge has been spread. Mycopathol.LMycopathol. Mycol.,Mycol. Appl. 39: 1975. -. The 1972 Minnesota foray. Mycologia,!lycologza 67: 209-229. 1205-1211. 1970. -., Fungi associated with the activated-sludge 1976. -., Fungi in sewage. Pp. 389-434. In: Recent process of sewage treatment at the Lebanon, Ohio, advances in aquatic mycology. Ed., E. B. Gareth-Jones. sewage-treatment plant. Dhio].Ohio J. Sci.Scl. 70: 129-146. Elek Science, London, United Kingdom. 1970. -. Fungi in the Lebanon sewage treatment plants 1976. -. On Cyphellopsis anomala (Persoon ex Fries) and in Turtle Creek, Warren Co., Ohio. Mycopathol.,Mycopathol. Donk. Mem.,Mem. New.Vew York Bot. Gard. 28: 32-37. Mycol.iMycol. Appl. 42: 89-111.89-1 11. 1976. -. FungiinFungi in and near streams carrying acid mine- 1970. -., Our mould;mouldjl earth, a studystz~djof the fungifungz of our drainage. Ohio].Ohio J. Sci. 76: 231-240. environment with emphasis on water. FWPCA, Cincin- 1977. -. Fourth supplement to the Flora of Mount nati, Research Contract Series Publication Number Shasta. Northw.AYorthw. Sci. 51: 71-78. CWR-. 533 pp. 1977.1975. -. Fungi in streams, lakes, adjacent soils, and 1970. -, and D. L. Hawksworth.Ha!vksworth. A preliminarypreliminar?; list of sewage treatment systemss>-stemsin the Flathead River basin, the families proposed for fungi (including the li- Montana. Northw.AYot-thw.Sci.Scz. 51:,51: 172-182. chens). Mycol.~lfycol.Pap. 121: 1-86. 1977. -.. The 1973 Massachusettshlassachusetts foray. Mycologia.Mycologia 69: 1970. -, and J. G. Palmer. The 1966 MarylandManland foray. 1226-1231. Mycologia 62: 844-851. 1979. -. The 1975 Oregon foray and workshop. My-:My- 1970. -, and W. O.0.Pipes. The occurrence of fungiinfungi in cologia 71: 1079-1081. activated sludge. Mycopathol.L!fycopathol. Mycol.iMycol. Appl. 40: 249- 1979. -. The ecology ofoffungi.fungi. CRCC R C, Press, Boca Raton, 270. Florida. 274 pp. 1970. Barron, G. L., and W. B. Cooke. A new Thysanophora. 1980. -. The 1976 Louisiana foray. MycologiaLWycologiu 72: Mycopathol. Mycol. Appl.,4ppl. 40: 353-356. 1047-1053. 1970. -. Fungi in burned and unburned chaparral 1981. -. The plant communities of Mount Shasta. Pp. soils. Sydowia 24: 154-168. 30-36. In:In: WildflowersUrildflowers of Mount Shasta,Shmta, "Lone giant of " 1971. Cooke, W. B. The 1967 foray in Texas. Mycologia,Mycologia 63: thethe Cascades. "Authors,Authors, E. Stuhl and M. C. Ford. Cle- 1063-1067. mentine Publ. Co., Klamath Falls, Oregon. 1971. -.. The effects of sludge additives on soil fungus 1982. -.. The 1978 Georgia foray. Mycologia,Wycologia 74: 526- populations. Mycopathol.iMycopathol. Mycol.,Mycol. Appl.'4ppl. 44: 205-219.205-2 19. 531. 1971. Dotson, G. K., R. B. Dean, W. B. Cooke, and B. A..4. 1983. -.. Toward a system for the FungiFung Imperfecti.Inlperfecti. Kenner. Land spreading, a conserving and non-pol- Revista Biol. 12: 279-296. luting method of disposing of oily wastes. Advances 1983. -. The 1979 Oklahoma foray. Mycologia,Myologza 75: 752- Water Pollution Res., Proc. 5th Int. Water Pollution Res. 755. ConfCon$ 1(II-36):l(I1-36): 1-15.1-1 5. 1983. -. Fungi at Glacier Bay National Park and Pre- 1971. Cooke, W. B. The role of fungi inin waste treatment.treatment. serve. P. 29. In: Proc.Proc.jrstfirst Glacier Bay sciencesciencesymposzum.symposium. CRC Crit. Rev. Environmental Control 1:1: 581-619. U.S. National Park Service, Sci. Publ.Publ. Office, Atlanta, 1971. -., Special meeting on biocoenotic relationships Georgia. of fungi. Introduction. Mycopathol. Mycol.'Mycol. Appl. 48: 1983. -. FungiFung of Lassen1,assen Volcanic National Park. Pp. i-iii.i-iii. 67-69. In: Proc. first biennial conference of research inin 1972. -. H. E. Brown and thethe plants of the "north California'sCalzfornia's national parks.park. University of California, side of Mount Shasta." Madroño,Madrolio 21: 487-489. Davis. 1972. -.. Zonal distribution patterns inin thethe fungi. My-14- 1984. -.. Problems in thethe study of microorganisms and copathol. Mycol. Appl. 48: 7-14. their populations in polluted habitats. Pp. 1-21.1-2 1. In:In: VINCENT ET AL.: WILLIAM COOKE 711 ProfPro$ J. N. Rai Festschrift.Festschri). Progress in Microbial Ecology. 1985. -. Fungal ecology. Frontiers Appl. Microbiol.Microbial. 1:1: Eds., K. G. Mukerji, V. P. Agnihrotri, and R. P. Singh. 161-180. Print House, Lucknow, India. 1985. -. Fungi of Lassen Volcanic National Park. Co- 1984. -., A proposed artificial heirarchical system of operative National Park Resources Study Unit, Uni- classification for the Moniliales (Fungi Imperfecti). versity of California, Davis. Tech. Rep. 21. 251 pp. Pp. 387-396. In: Proc. int. symp. on taxonomy ofoffungifungi 1986. -., The fungi of our Mouldy Earth. Beih. Nova (1973). Part 2. University of Madras, Madras, India. Hedwigia 85: 1-467. 1984. -. Problems in the classification of the Cyphel- 1986. -., The 1981 Indiana foray. Mycologia 78: 321- lineae. Pp. 577-581. In: Proc. int. symp. on taxonomy 323. ofoffungifungi (1973). Part 2. University of Madras, Madras, 1987. -. On the isolation of fungi from environmental India. samples. Environ. Technol. Lett. 8: 133-140. 1985. -., The 1980 Arizona foray. Mycologia 77: 168- 1989. -. The Cyphelloid fungi of Ohio. Mem.iMem. New York 171. Bot. Gard. 49: 158-172.158-1 72.