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Freenas® 11.3-U3.1 User Guide

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Freenas® 11.3-U3.1 User Guide FreeNAS® 11.3-U3.1 User Guide FreeNAS® is © 2011-2020 iXsystems FreeNAS® and the FreeNAS® logo are registered trademarks of iXsystems FreeBSD® is a registered trademark of the FreeBSD Foundation Written by users of the FreeNAS® network-attached storage operating system. Version 11.3 Copyright © 2011-2020 iXsystems (https://www.ixsystems.com/) CONTENTS Welcome ................................................... 8 Typographic Conventions ................................................ 10 1 Introduction 11 1.1 New Features in 11.3 ............................................... 11 1.1.1 U1 ................................................... 17 1.1.2 U2 ................................................... 17 1.1.3 U3 ................................................... 17 1.2 Path and Name Lengths ............................................. 18 1.3 Using the Web Interface ............................................. 19 1.3.1 Tables and Columns ........................................... 19 1.3.2 Advanced Scheduler ........................................... 19 1.3.3 Schedule Calendar ............................................ 21 1.3.4 Changing FreeNAS® Settings ...................................... 21 1.3.5 Web Interface Troubleshooting ..................................... 21 1.3.6 Help Text ................................................. 22 1.3.7 Humanized Fields ............................................ 22 1.3.8 File Browser ................................................ 22 1.4 Hardware Recommendations .......................................... 22 1.4.1 RAM ................................................... 22 1.4.2 The Operating System Device ...................................... 23 1.4.3 Storage Disks and Controllers ...................................... 24 1.4.4 Network Interfaces ............................................ 24 1.5 Getting Started with ZFS ............................................. 25 2 Installing and Upgrading 26 2.1 Getting FreeNAS® ................................................. 26 2.1.1 Checking Installer Integrity ....................................... 26 2.1.1.1 PGP Verification ......................................... 26 2.1.1.2 SHA256 Verification ....................................... 27 2.2 Preparing the Media ............................................... 27 2.2.1 On FreeBSD or Linux ........................................... 28 2.2.2 On Windows ............................................... 28 2.2.3 On macOS ................................................. 28 2.3 Performing the Installation ............................................ 29 2.4 Installation Troubleshooting ........................................... 35 2.5 Upgrading ................................................... 36 2.5.1 Caveats .................................................. 36 2.5.2 Initial Preparation ............................................ 36 2.5.3 Upgrading Using the ISO ......................................... 37 2.5.4 Upgrading From the Web Interface ................................... 39 2.5.5 If Something Goes Wrong ........................................ 39 2.5.6 Upgrading a ZFS Pool .......................................... 41 2.6 Virtualization ................................................... 42 3 2.6.1 VirtualBox ................................................. 43 2.6.2 VMware ESXi ............................................... 53 3 Booting 60 3.1 Obtaining an IP Address ............................................. 61 4 Accessing the Web Interface 62 4.1 Web Interface Troubleshooting ......................................... 63 5 Settings 64 5.1 Change Password ................................................. 64 5.2 Preferences ................................................... 64 5.2.1 Web Interface Preferences ....................................... 64 5.2.2 Themes .................................................. 65 5.2.2.1 Create New Themes ....................................... 65 5.3 API Documentation ................................................ 67 5.4 About ................................................... 67 6 Accounts 68 6.1 Groups ................................................... 68 6.2 Users ................................................... 71 7 System 76 7.1 General ................................................... 76 7.2 NTP Servers ................................................... 79 7.3 Boot ................................................... 81 7.3.1 Operating System Device Mirroring .................................. 82 7.4 Advanced ................................................... 84 7.4.1 Autotune ................................................. 85 7.4.2 Self-Encrypting Drives .......................................... 85 7.4.2.1 Deploying SEDs ......................................... 86 7.4.2.2 Check SED Functionality .................................... 87 7.4.2.3 Managing SED Passwords and Data .............................. 88 7.5 Email ................................................... 89 7.6 System Dataset .................................................. 91 7.7 Reporting ................................................... 92 7.8 Alert Services ................................................... 92 7.9 Alert Settings ................................................... 94 7.10 Cloud Credentials ................................................. 95 7.11 SSH Connections ................................................. 99 7.11.1 Manual Setup ...............................................101 7.11.2 Semi-Automatic Setup ..........................................102 7.12 SSH Keypairs ................................................... 103 7.13 Tunables ................................................... 103 7.14 Update ................................................... 106 7.14.1 Preparing for Updates ..........................................106 7.14.2 Updates and Trains ...........................................106 7.14.3 Checking for Updates ..........................................107 7.14.4 Saving the Configuration File ......................................108 7.14.5 Applying Updates .............................................109 7.14.6 Manual Updates .............................................109 7.14.7 Update in Progress ............................................110 7.15 CAs ................................................... 111 7.16 Certificates ................................................... 114 7.16.1 ACME Certificates .............................................119 7.17 ACME DNS ................................................... 120 7.18 Support ................................................... 121 8 Tasks 124 8.1 Cron Jobs ................................................... 124 8.2 Init/Shutdown Scripts ...............................................126 8.3 Rsync Tasks ................................................... 127 8.3.1 Rsync Module Mode ...........................................130 8.3.2 Rsync over SSH Mode ..........................................130 8.4 S.M.A.R.T. Tests ..................................................133 8.5 Periodic Snapshot Tasks .............................................134 8.6 Replication ................................................... 136 8.6.1 Replication Creation Wizard .......................................137 8.6.2 Advanced Replication Creation .....................................140 8.6.3 Replication Tasks .............................................143 8.6.4 Limiting Replication Times ........................................144 8.6.5 Troubleshooting Replication ......................................144 8.6.5.1 SSH ................................................145 8.6.5.2 Compression ...........................................145 8.6.5.3 Manual Testing ..........................................145 8.7 Resilver Priority ..................................................145 8.8 Scrub Tasks ................................................... 146 8.9 Cloud Sync Tasks .................................................148 8.9.1 Cloud Sync Example ...........................................152 9 Network 155 9.1 Global Configuration ...............................................155 9.2 Interfaces ................................................... 157 9.2.1 Network Bridges .............................................160 9.2.2 Link Aggregations ............................................160 9.2.2.1 LACP, MPIO, NFS, and ESXi ...................................161 9.2.2.2 Creating a Link Aggregation ..................................161 9.2.2.3 Link Aggregation Options ....................................161 9.2.3 VLANs ................................................... 162 9.3 IPMI ................................................... 162 9.4 Network Summary ................................................164 9.5 Static Routes ................................................... 164 10 Storage 166 10.1 Swap Space ................................................... 166 10.2 Pools ................................................... 166 10.2.1 Creating Pools ..............................................166 10.2.2 Managing Encrypted Pools .......................................169 10.2.2.1 Encryption and Recovery Keys .................................171 10.2.2.2 Encryption Operations .....................................171 10.2.3 Adding Cache or Log Devices ......................................172 10.2.4 Removing Cache or Log Devices ....................................173
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