Vol. 26 No. 33 Saturday, June 22, 2019 Pages 8, Price 2.00 NFA Commemoration of Martyrs Day at Patriots Cemetery

Patriots Cemetery here in the and power of this country by recouping lost opportunities as well capital was held in the presence of virtue of their heroism and the as scaling imposed impediments President Isaias Afwerki, Ministers, ultimate price they have paid. and that requires natural, material, senior Government and PFDJ President Isaias went on to say that technological, financial and other officials, Army Commanders, after independence the martyrs resources, but above all, the religious leaders, members of demonstrated, for the second paramount importance is human the Diplomatic Corps as well as time, similar heroism to maintain resource that is endowed with thousands of Asmara residents and and safeguard the sovereignty of quality, expertise and experience, its environs. the country and that the heroic President Isaias added. feats represent an unparalleled President Isaias, Mr. Al-Amin contribution in the annals of the Indicating that quality, expertise Mohammed Seid, Secretary history of the country. and experience are not enough by of the PFDJ, General Flipos themselves irrespective of size or Woldeyohannes, Chief of Staff of President Isaias reiterated that numerical magnitude, President the Eritrean Armed Forces, Ms. the examples and high moral Isaias said that human capital Tekea Tesfamichael, President standard the martyrs have set, the will also require a multiplying of the NUEW, and Maj. General value system they bequeathed factor anchored on commitment, Romodan Osman Aweliai, through their self-sacrifice, cannot creative, industrious and organized Governor of the Central region laid be compensated by mere tributes efficiency that discards greed and wreath at the Patriots Cemetery. and words of gratitude and that self-exaltation. we have moral obligation and In his keynote speech, President responsibility to renew pledges to In conclusion, President Isaias Isaias expressed gratitude to them in this solemn occasion. said “In a nutshell, we have to go the preparations undertaken by back to our roots, to the attributes the nationals inside the country President Isaias pointed out that defined our martyrs. The and abroad and said that the that the 11 point roadmap of origin of our identity is indeed the central theme of this year’s development programs that was value system bequeathed to us by commemoration is to renew our laid out on the 28th Independence our Martyrs”. pledge to continue the legacy of Day Anniversary takes into Martyrs above and beyond paying account and is predicted on the The commemorative event homage to them. prevailing international, regional featured artistic performances and domestic realities and trends. depicting the glorious legacy of President Isaias underlined the Martyrs and the steadfastness Martyrs Day, June 20 was light vigil held in Asmara and that the Martyrs constitute the The road-map is not only and perseverance of the Eritrean commemorated at Patriots several other places in the country. multiplying factor of the resources forward looking; it is also aimed at people. Cemetery following the candle The commemoration at the Prayer service in memory of Martyrs PM Abiy Ahmed Sends Message the national sovereignty and on Martyrs Day consolidate unity.

Prime Minister of the Federal Eritrea on the occasion of June Similarly, a salat service in Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, 20, Martyrs Day. memory of the fallen heroes was Dr. Abiy Ahmed, has sent a letter held at the Al-Khalifa Al-Rashidin to the people and Government of continued on page 7 Mosque led by Sheik Salim Ibrahim Al Muktar, General Secretary of the Central Office of Eritrean Mufti.

At the event, Sheik Salem Ibrahim said that it is the responsibility Prayer services in memory Simon Beyene from the office of of every citizen to support the of martyrs that paid their lives the Patriarch called on the faithful families of the fallen heroes and for national independence to live up to the expectation of heroines that gave their dear lives and safeguarding the national those who gave their lives for for independence and national sovereignty were conducted on 19 independence and safeguarding sovereignty. June at the Saint Michael Church and Al-Khalifa Al-Rashidin Mosque here in the capital.

The prayer service at Saint Michael Church was held in the morning hours in the presence of His Holiness Abune Lukas, Secretary of the Eritrean Orthodox Tewahdo Church, religious leaders and a number of the faithful. Speaking at the event, Mergeta Eritrea Profile, Saturday, June 22, 2019 Vol. 26 No. 33 2

National Martyrs’ Day Keynote Address by President Isaias Afwerki on Martyrs Day Commemorated with a Patriotic Zeal Ladies and Gentlemen, Let me first express my congratulations and gratitude for the various preparations undertaken by our people inside the country and abroad to commemorate Martyrs Day with the requisite ceremony. The central theme of this commemoration is to renew our solemn pledge to continue the legacy of our Martyrs above and beyond paying homage to them.

Our Martyrs constitute the multiplying factor of the resources and power of this country by virtue of their heroism and the ultimate price that they have paid. They vanquished and altered what seemed an asymmetric power equation in favor of the forces of independence.

After independence, they demonstrated – for the second time – similar heroism to maintain and safeguard the sovereignty of the country. The heroic feats represent an unparalleled contribution in the annals of our history as an Habtom Tesfamichael On this solemn day, we pay memorial services were also held independent State and the overall progress of our nation. tribute to our valiant martyrs in churches and mosques for all Eritreans all over the world who wrote with their pure blood those who laid their lives for the Besides the ultimate price that they paid with their precious lives, the commemorated the 20th June, the greatest chapters of courage, well-being and prosperity of the value system and culture that our Martyrs have bequeathed us has bolstered National Martyrs’ Day with glory and pride. The day is marked nation. the power, resilience and moral inspiration of our people. This is a priceless a renewed pledge to continue by flags flowing at half-mast heritage. safeguarding the sovereignty and most public places closed June 20th began with a march and territorial integrity of the as the nation commemorates its from Shida Square to the The examples and high moral standards that they have set; the value motherland against all threats and martyrs. Patriots’ Cemetery in Asmara, system they bequeathed to us through their self-sacrifices, cannot be live up to the martyrs’ dreams where thousands gathered to compensated by mere tributes and words of gratitude. We have, therefore, of a developed and prosperous The national event starts on the commemorate Martyrs’ Day. moral obligations and responsibilities to renew our pledge to them on nation. eve. On the 19th June, candle vigil solemn occasions such as today. The colourful celebrations carried out at was held at the Bahti Meskerem President Isaias Afwerki our 28th Independence Anniversary by our people inside the country and Square, where various artistic attended the ceremony held at the abroad under the theme: “Resilience through Resilience”, was, in fact, a works were exhibited with martyr’s cemetery accompanied genuine testament of this pledge. thousands of people in attendance. by PFDJ officials and diplomatic Maj. General Romodan Osman corps. Ladies and Gentlemen, Awliyay, Governor of the Central region, said that this year’s President Isaias Afwerki, As it will be recalled, an 11-point road-map of our development commemoration of the day is Mr. Alamin Mohammed said, programmes was laid out during our (28th) Independence Anniversary. This Published Every unique because we are honoring secretary of the PFDJ, Gen. takes into account and is predicated on the prevailing international, regional Published Every it at a time when all the hostilities Philipos Weldeyohannes, chief and domestic realities and trends. SaturdayPublished & Wednesday Every Wednesday & Saturday and sanctions against Eritrea were of staff of the Eritrean Defense Saturday & Wednesday foiled through heavy sacrifices. Forces, Mrs. Tekia Tesfamichael, The road-map is not only forward looking; it is also aimed at recouping Participants on their part said president of the NUEW and lost opportunities as well as scaling imposed impediments. that Martyrs’ Day is not about Maj. General Romodan Osman Acting Editor shedding tears, but about taking a Awliyay, Governor of the Central How will this be implemented? What capabilities will be marshaled? Acting Editor vow to live up to the expectations region laid wreaths at the patriots’ Which resources? Under what timeline? Through which methodologies Amanuel Mesfun Amanuel Mesfun of our martyrs and support their cemetery. In his address on the and modalities? [email protected] families. [email protected] Natural, material, technological, financial… and other resources are On the eve of the day, continued on page 3 evidently important requirements for development. But above all, what is P.O.Box: 247 P.O.Box: 247 of paramount importance is human resource; that is endowed with quality, Tel: 11-41-14 expertise and experience. Fax: 12-77-49 Fax: 12-77-49 But, quality, expertise and experience are not enough in and all by E-mail: themselves irrespective of size or numerical magnitude. Effective human profile@[email protected] zena.gov.er capital will also require a multiplying factor. In other words, it must be [email protected] anchored on commitment; that discards greed and self-exaltation; that is Advertisement: 12-50-13 relentless, creative and industrious; and, that is organized efficiently.

Layout In a nutshell, we have to go back to our roots; to the attributes that defined Layout our identity. The origin of our identity is indeed the value system bequeathed to us by our Martyrs! AAzmerazmera BerhaneBerhane AidaSaraSara JoharAlem Glory to our Martyrs! Victory to the Masses: 20 June 2019 Eritrea Profile, Saturday, June 22, 2019 Vol. 26 No. 33 3

Eternal glory to our dauntless martyrs!

Randa Osman broadcast on radio and television and candles are lit at home and Martyrs’ Day is the time when on the streets throughout the all Eritreans come together country in memory of lost sons, to commemorate their fallen daughters, fathers, mothers, heroes -- those who gave their friends or relatives. Parents bring lives in the 30-year war to their children to the streets with liberate their motherland and lit candles in their hands to pass later to preserve the hard-gained on to them the history of our independence. The determination, dauntless heroes. resilience, love and selflessness of our freedom fighters led the Martyrs’ Day is the time when independence struggle against all we remember the price paid for odds to victory. Indeed, Eritrea our freedom and sovereignty and has proven to the world that unity renew our pledges of assuming and love can make miracles. responsibility and safeguarding what we have been blessed with. Sometimes we may get so The pledge we make this year caught up in our daily lives that comes even with a greater sense of we take what we have for granted. responsibility as it is happening a Martyrs’ Day helps us remember year after Eritrea’s and Ethiopia’s that the ground we stand on rapprochement. A year has passed without any fear of a bomb since every Eritrean witnessed striking us, the air we breathe, this “history in the making” the coffee shops and restaurants moment that ushered in a new we visit in the late hours without era of peace and stability, adding any concern of getting arrested or a special meaning to the sacred unshakable nation. will never cause indignity to their rest in peace our Martyrs as we will killed, the comforts of our homes day. The rapprochement has led Martyrs. They will protect their work harder despite all challenges or neighbourhoods we go back to to jubilation and lofty aspirations. For years Eritrea has been brothers and sisters and will work to complete the work you have after a long day at work or school, But as President Isaias Afwerki a victim of fake news and tirelessly to foster a better place for started. knowing our loved ones will be said in his speech on the 28th unwarranted demonization aimed every Eritrean and African. True safe and alive, are all gifts that our anniversary of our Independence: at obliterating the people’s deeply Eritreans take pride in who they are Eternal glory to our Martyrs! martyrs selflessly bestowed upon “… we cannot make hasty held values of love and unity. There and in their courageous history. So, Victory to the masses! us without dreaming of enjoying and emotional conclusions are people in different corners of such amenities themselves. before we collect adequate the world who stay up all night information, analyse these data concocting plans to create havoc Martyrs’ Day is the time when comprehensively with patience so in the country for personal gains. parents tell their children or as to have a clear picture. Hence, Nevertheless, our government National Martyrs’ Day . . . grand-children their experiences our focus should be geared towards and our people are far greater than as freedom fighters. Martyrs’ patient appraisal of the unfolding those who make futile attempts to The events expressed the ontinued from page 2 heroic deeds are told by veteran reality.” Thus, we must engage cause chaos. We will never spare c significant status of the martyrs fighters at various events and in a patient and determined way our blood and sweat until we reach in the hearts of the nation’s disseminated through media and build on our resilience like where we deserve to be. True people and continued existence outlets. Songs and poems are our Martyrs before us to build an Eritreans will always be united and occasion, the president called on of their memory in the souls of all to renew their solemn pledge the people. to continue the legacy of the Martyrs over and above paying On Martyrs’ Day last year homage to them. President Isaias announced the dispatching of higher Eritrean “Our Martyrs constitute the delegation to Addis Ababa multiplying factor of the resources following Ethiopia’s acceptance and power of this country by of the Boundary Commission’s virtue of their heroism and the ruling of 2002. This was followed ultimate price that they have paid. by official visits of both heads of They vanquished and altered what states to both of the countries, seemed an asymmetric power ending the “no peace no war” equation in favor of the forces of situation officially. This has independence...” (Read full text ushered in a new chapter in the of the speech in the box). history of Eritrea and Ethiopia and the Horn of Africa at large. Various artistic works that reflected the mood of the day Martyrs’ Day was remembered were presented. The event was throughout the country in which opened with artist Mohammed thousands of people attended Humed Tita singing a Bidawyet events to commemorate the song. A number of songs and fallen heroes. The official event poems followed and the event was was carried live by the national closed with the national anthem. television - Eri-TV. Eritrea Profile, Saturday, June 22, 2019 Vol. 26 No. 33 4

The Involvement of the Eastern Bloc- the Meddling that Multiplied the Number of Our Martyrs Abrahaley Habte In Eritrea: Guuzo ab Tezekrotatey, the author, Ambassador Ahmed To mark June 20, Eritrea’s Martyrs Taher Baduri, a former freedom Day, in Asmara, the Zoba Maekel fighter, posted in Khartoum in the Administration organized various EPLF office writes of Charismas artists, who brought their works of Eve 1977. art that reflect the day for display. The works included paintings on “That night, by coincidence, Simon the demise of Wuqaw Command in Dering, a reporter of BBC Radio, who 1984 and the Commando Operation observed the Battle of Massawa, was at Asmara Airport the same year, there and gave details of the fighting which reminds me of Entebbe, and and explained what he saw during the the two Battles of Massawa - 1977 fighting. As reported, the battle was and 1990. These works of art that truly very fierce and most ferocious. depict various phases of the Eritrean In it, on the Ethiopian side tens of struggle for Independence transport tanks manned by the Yemenis were visitors between times and places. deployed at the Naval Base. This brought up as young boys during civilians. Agordat’s black Sunday events, the guests’ one regret would Visitors are transported to Massawa was because the Ethiopian Army the Dergue era, and later served as and Om Hajer’s massacres testify be that the parents had been unable and are made to see the town on had not learnt how to use the modern teachers in a town outside Asmara. to the brutality of the Dergue in to take part in the event. “How two separate occasions, Ghinda and Soviet weapons skillfully. Mig 21 I didn’t notice there are many things the Gash Barka. Assab and other wonderful would it have been,” they Dekemhare Fronts in 1990, Adi and Mig 23 fighter jets that shelled I didn’t know about Asmara and the places in Southern Red Sea were muse. “if your dad and mother had Begio in the 2000s, Afabet in 1988. our fortifications were flown by the Eritrean Revolution. not spared. The Hazemo massacre seen your wedding”. But, most importantly, they are made Cubans. Moreover, opposite the Port in Debub in the 1970s shows the aware of the negative involvement of Massawa from the Russian Naval In the painting, a soldier fires at brutality of Haileselassie, who People interested in reading of the Eastern Bloc countries, how Base within the base [in Massawa] a group of young people playing depicted his country as a victim of history and politics have other things they prolonged our struggle, and the Russians relentlessly shelled billiards. One of them has just let a Italian aggression at the League of that remind them of the martyrs. multiplied the sacrifices we had to our positions around the town billiard ball roll and must have been Nations in 1936. Now, who was the They come across books such as ‘Ay make for our independence. with mortars and rocket launchers. caught by surprise as he straightens real Fascist? Mixiwa’ by Lieutenant Tele Salvano, The heroic fighters of the Eritrean up to see if he has successfully hit an Ethiopian officer captured in Among the works of art on display People’s Liberation Front, steeped in the pins, and in the next second If one were to attempt to locate Massawa in 1990. People such as on the occasion of June 20, Eritrea’s the salty pans of Salina to their waist he is terror stricken, as he sees an these places on a map of Eritrea Lieutenant Salvano try to rewrite the Martyrs’ Day, are two paintings. under heavy enemy fire, continued Ethiopian soldier killing his friends with red pins, almost the whole map history of the Eritrean Revolution in One depicts a battlefield scene, in their attack and marched forward to point blank. would be covered in red and it would an attempt to present the defeat of which two or three fighters lie dead control the Naval Base” (page 423). be hard to find a spot on the map not the Ethiopian Army in a favorable near a tank. The caption in Tigrigna As a young man, I have heard of coved by the red pins. People were light in the eyes of their readers. translated to English reads: “Martyred In one of the paintings, one notes the killings of innocent football fans hoarded into churches and mosques Surprised by the speed and efficiency fighters in the Battle of Dekemhare three Russian military advisers in Asmara in the 1980s, reminiscent and killed there. Sometimes people with which the EPLF conducted Front”. The Battle of Dekemhare was captured at the Battle of Afabet in of the terrorist killings in Kampala in were burnt alive in their homes and the Battle of Massawa, Lieutenant fought five days before the liberation 1988. One also notes that the painting 2010. Most families in Asmara at the places of worship. Though one may Tele Salvano claims that Iranian, of Asmara. These fighters’ lives were portrays the shift in the balance time had no TV sets and youngsters forgive such killings to give peace Sudanese, and other countries were cut short only days before the end of of power in favour of the Eritrean had to find bars or other places a chance, it is impossible to forget involved on the Eritrean side, a story the protracted war. Revolution, a feat no doubt achieved where they could watch World Cup them. that was not reported at the time. at a great cost to Eritrean fighters. One or Premier League matches. In one Such writers forget that Massawa Another painting titled ‘Salina comes to the inescapable conclusion such incident, many youngsters were Although June 20 is the official came at the heels of Afabet, where 1977’ shows some fighters marching that the involvement of the Eastern killed in cold blood, near Kidane martyrs’ day in Eritrea, it is not easy the Eritrean Revolution came out between the salt pans in Massawa. Bloc countries, which sided with the Mihret, at the heart of Asmara. for Eritreans to put the martyrs out of much stronger than it was in 1977 Only a few of the fighters are seen Dergue, unnecessarily escalated the their minds on any other day. Daily due to the modern weapons it in the salt pan, and none of them is human cost of the war, which should One is hard pressed to find a life and special occasions would not captured in the battle. He must have firing. Opposite are some buildings, have been over by early 1978. village or town in Eritrea that has allow them to. Funerals, weddings, also forgotten that the EPLF had the port area and some buildings, not seen Eritrean bloodshed and and other social events bring former learnt from its experiences and was the targets of the Eritrean fighters’ Opposite the Zoba Maekel their property looted. Just a casual fighters and civilians together and determined that Massawa 1977 was attack. For reasons of his or her own, Administration building, outside the mental exercise would show all often the discussion reverts to the not to be repeated. the artist has chosen to portray the Fish Market, visitors are met by other Eritrean administrative regions days of the Revolution. The funeral part before the fiercest part of the paintings, and various works of art on or Zobas have had such towns. happens to be that of a former The Eritrean struggle for battle. The Eritrean fighters have the Eritrean War for independence. Weki Duba, just outside Asmara in comrade, which brings unbidden, independence has few parallels for it started shelling these positions, Maekel in late 1975 and early 1976 old memories back. Or people are involved the majority of the Eritrean evident from the smoke rising to the “I didn’t know there was a killing saw its inhabitants murdered. Shieb, invited to a wedding of a martyr’s people. Just from a handful of poorly sky. From the details, one sees the at Bar Amanuel,” I said pointing at a Semienawi Keih Bahri, where son or daughter, or to a christening of equipped fighters in the early 1960s, artist has decided not to dwell on the painting that depicted such a scene. Ethiopian soldiers crushed old men, a new born child, after the wedding. the Revolution grew to a gigantic fiercest part of the battle. For some Bar Amanuel is a well-known bar in women and children to death with Here aunts and uncles, and the movement in 1991. But, this part reason, the artist has decided not to Asmara, just behind the Fish Market, tanks in 1988 after their defeat at friends of the parents are invited. of our story, though the PFDJ has reveal the involvement of the Eastern where the paintings were on display. Afabet. Massawa saw a horrible air Most probaby, the friends have taken initiative at telling this story, Bloc countries: the enemy’s strength, raid immediately after its liberation contributed financially and through has not been told. The PFDJ should the meddling of the Russians, South “Neither did I,” said the man in 1990. Ona and Besikdira in other means towards covering the go further and make sure our story is Yemenis, the Libyans and the Cubans standing next to me, a former Anseba are two examples where expenses of the wedding, as is the written while the people who made it in Eritrean affairs. colleague. Both of us Asmarinos and enemy soldiers butchered innocent custom in Eritrea. At such festive possible are still alive. Eritrea Profile, Saturday, June 22, 2019 Vol. 26 No. 33 5

Time: player behind legacy

A legion of different species time journey and time warps are in enforcing that clutch. As our of our visual culture. No matter eliminate the insistent feeling lives on Earth, the only livable mere fanciful stories designed brain stands to be one of the whether your calendar is printed that the pace of modern life is out planet in our solar system. Amid to inspire human imagination. least accurate time measurement or digital, it no doubt shows the of control, I remain uncertain. all these species, one proved In vain, some humans have devices you will ever use, it also days arranged from left to right Time may be the abstract to stand out and reign over for attempted to ascribe properties of happens to be the most powerful and the weeks from top to bottom. concept we use the most. In the generations now. Homo sapiens is reality to the concept of time and one. We imagine ourselves inside English script proceeds from left words of one scholar, J.T. Fraser, the supreme breed that prescribes thereby intermingle time and other a sequence of events, with past, to right, thus earlier symbols it is a “familiar stranger”. This way of life for every ecosystem human theoretical explorations. present and future conceptualized are to the left of later symbols makes time a critical case study there is in the world. This is the With such aberrations of a as locations where we once were, and this guides intuitions about for understanding the human result of human adaptation and simple concept, humans are currently are and will be. Our the way time flows in our head. capacity for abstract thinking, a evolution for ever-changing faced with delusional ideas such brain makes sure that we treat Moreover, blind people develop hallmark of our species. Humans acts upon their livelihood. Man as “gravitational time dilation”. time’s passage as movement (the a left-to-right model of time everywhere create and rely on has been floating through this Many of us use expressions week flew by). This way, humans based solely on their experience time concepts – ideas about bubble called life starting from associated with time. We say are hypnotized on utilizing of reading Braille, which flows nature of time that allow us to an undocumented fraction of ‘time stands still.’ Time flies. memory to construct scenarios from left to right. With calendars make plans, follow recipes, share time known as Pre-history up to A minute can seem an eternity. for themselves in the future. Time and watches, we are frantically memories and discuss possible now. But, the laws of science do An hour can go by in a flash. A dictates the pattern of our lives – engaged in trying to save time and future. Given that inclination, not distinguish between the past child’s summer can seem endless. when we work, when we eat, even speed up our lives all at once. For more people are getting worried and the future. Homo sapiens A grandparent’s season can go by when we choose to celebrate. We this to happen, we need routines about their time management. It developed a skillset to look back in a whir. I believe it all depends each form appropriate temporary to give us a sense of security. already feels as if time is slipping on life episodes; writing set about upon the company you have or the schemata for ourselves for our by through your life without any on a particular pinpoint and that complexity feeling toward your own lives, which overwrite They are so important that a tangible use of it. But, worry moment was recognized in relation brain’s calculation of time. Time, each other as they go out of mere act of breaking them can begets worry. Never has a society to time. This enabled mankind to as we put it, is weirdly elastic for date. (As soon you have a new disrupt a person’s concept of time worried so much and so little seek a better understanding of the living world but cannot make school timetable, it’s very hard to and, in extreme cases, even lead simultaneously. time and its meaning while at the any alterations to the physical remember the last one.) Some of to anxiety which is like fear, only same time enabling generations world. So, the time experience is these schemata are defined by our anticipatory. At Guantanamo We are a new generation to put their marks on a personal actively created by our minds. culture. For instance, there are Bay, it was standard practice to of worriers who practically time, life. Ever since, we have more customers in cafes chatting make the timing of meals, sleep worry about the time we enjoy constantly worked to better Nowadays, as we can see all on Sunday morning and unusual and interrogation unpredictable, spending. We entwine time with grasp the time theory and define over our surrounding, time is silence prevails around schools at defeating a prisoner’s urge to our success rating and look up to ourselves by the time fraction we the new weather. Everyone is weekends. As you would expect, count time thereby inducing time management for approval. happen to live in. constantly talking about it. Yet, the effect of the seasons varies anxiety. Nowadays, more self- But, time all over is an illusion what we perceive from such depending on where you live, as help books are being published to to increase living tempo. We all Humans, like other creatures exchange whether it is in a lecture do attitudes towards time. tackle the issue at hand without have our own clock for success ranging from amoebas and bees to room or some small talk in a bus offering advice on how to manage in this world. Everything in life whales and elephants, come with stop is so limited that such talk is Time-as-space metaphor shows reading them while living your happens according to our time, built-in techniques for perceiving becoming pointless. But, not all up in our language and gestures life. Organize, organize, they our clock. We do not have to rush some aspect of time, such as the humans have felt oppressed by and is active in our minds even preach, and stop doing chores just because some people are rhythms of night and day, the time’s inexorable passage. Some when we are not communicating that consume your time. The ahead. It is a blessing to realize waxing and waning of the moon tried and others are still trying about time. It also shows up with ultimate aim is to make time your that many are behind. It does not and the turning of seasons. What to overrule time’s oppressive striking clarity in depictions of servant rather than your master, mean just because they are mass- separates us, humans, from other grasp over human lives without external sequence of events which by allowing you to gain time to producing umbrellas in China, animals is that we do not stop at acknowledging their brain’s role have come to saturate every aspect do more things. How that will you have to buy one here unless merely sensing time’s passage. it is raining in Asmara. Einstein We tackle time head-on – or at once said that not everything that least we try. counts can be counted and not everything that is counted truly That is why time assumes counts. That being said, our life a certain position in human does not have to be measured mindset to be the centerpiece by some standards that can just for every occurrence. It stands at denote gap between events. What large holding the very definition truly matters is our desire to to our existence. We decide upon excel in life and the path we use our status and often come up with to reach that dream. Time will spatial metaphors to describe always be here to dictate life for time which differs from culture those who allow it and this will to culture. Even alone in our increase our reliance on metaphor thoughts, we tend to think of time to understand instances. New as space, leaning on brain areas metaphors for time will almost known to play a role in spatial certainly enter the picture as our understanding. We employ the culture evolves. Emails in-boxes concept of time to measure the show the most recent items at gap (interval) between events the top, but text messages go the according to a standard unit of other way, with the newest at the time in the same way humans have bottom. And so we must wonder: created the concept of distance to Which way will time flow next? measure the gap between objects. Theories about time dimension, By Fessehaye Asmerom Eritrea Profile, Saturday, June 22, 2019 Vol. 26 No. 33 6

STATE OF ERITREA STATE OF ERITREA MINistry of agriculture MINistry of agriculture NATIONAL AGRICULTURE NATIONAL AGRICULTURE PROGRAMME (NAP) PROGRAMME (NAP)

INVITATION FOR BIDS (IFB) INVITATION FOR BIDS (IFB) 1 The Government of ERITREA has received a Grant from 1 The Government of ERITREA has received a Grant from the International Fund for Agricultural Development the International Fund for Agricultural Development towards the cost of National Agricultural Project(NAP) towards the cost of National Agricultural Project(NAP) and it is intended that part of the proceeds of this Grant and it is intended that part of the proceeds of this Grant will be applied to eligible payments under the contract will be applied to eligible payments under the contract for for the :-Lot.1 Supply of IT Equipment and Electronic the :- Lot.1 Supply and Fencing for Automatic Weather and Lot.2 Supply of Horse Riding Equipment Station and Lot.2 Supply of Foot pump 2 The Eligible bidders should have a renewed License for a 2 The Eligible bidders should have a renewed License for a year of 2018/19 appropriate for these supplies. year of 2018/19 appropriate for these supplies. 3 Bid shall be Valid for a Period of 120 days after Bid 3 Bid shall be Valid for a Period of 120 days after Bid opening, opening, and must be accompanied by a bid Security and must be accompanied by a bid Security of 2% at any of 2% at any Eritrean Bank and delivered to Procurement Eritrean Bank and delivered to Procurement and Supplies and Supplies Management Unit Office on or before Management Unit Office on or before 23/07/2019 local 23/07/2019 local hours 14:30 PM and will be opened on hours 14:30 PM and will be opened on the same date at the same date at 15:00 PM Local hours in the presence 15:00 PM Local hours in the presence of the Bidders or of the Bidders or Bidders’ Representatives who wish to Bidders’ Representatives who wish to attend. attend.

4. Eligible bidders shall bid for a complete lot. 4. Eligible bidders shall bid for a complete lot.

5. A complete set of bidding documents may be collected by any 5. A complete set of bidding documents may be collected by any interested Eligible bidders From the address below. interested Eligible bidders From the address below. Ministry of Agriculture, Procurement and Supply management Unit, Ministry of Agriculture, Procurement and Supply management Unit, Sawa Street, Sawa Street, Tel: 189266 Fax: 181415, P.O.Box:1048, Asmara, Eritrea. Tel: 189266 Fax: 181415, P.O.Box:1048, Asmara, Eritrea.

6. Bids will be opened in the presence of Bidders’ representatives who 6. Bids will be opened in the presence of Bidders’ representatives who choose to attend at 3:00 choose to attend at 3:00 Pm Local Time hrs on July 23, 2019. Pm Local Time hrs on July 23, 2019.

The Ministry of Agriculture reserves the right to accept or reject this bid The Ministry of Agriculture reserves the right to accept or reject this bid fully or in part if it finds any option better than this IFB without needing fully or in part if it finds any option better than this IFB without needing to justify the grounds for it doing so and Compensation which the bidder to justify the grounds for it doing so and Compensation which the bidder may incurred in Preparing its bid. may incurred in Preparing its bid.

Ministry of Agriculture Ministry of Agriculture Eritrea Profile, Saturday, June 22, 2019 Vol. 26 No. 33 7 local news

Candle vigil in connection with Martyrs Day PM Abiy Ahmed Sends Message . . .

Eritrean nationals residing inside the country Indicating that this year’s Martyrs Day is and abroad conducted on 19 June candle vigil being commemorated at a time in which the continued from page 1 Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, on the in connection with Martyrs Day. Eritrean people have emerged victorious passing of his father. foiling external conspiracies through their In his message, Prime Minister Abiy During the candle vigil ceremony held at strong resilience and perseverance, Maj. underlined the importance of the day as At the meeting conducted in Addis Bahti Meskerem Square here in the capital General Romodan Osman Aweliai called for the people and Government of Eritrea pay Ababa on 19 June, Prime Minister Dr. Abiy in which thousands of Asmara residents took doubled effort for the implementation of the homage to their fallen heroes and heroines Ahmed expressed his gratitude to President part, the Governor of the Central region, national development programs. who sacrificed their lives for an independent Isaias as well as the people of Eritrea for Maj. General Romodan Osman Aweliai, gave The event featured candle vigil and artistic Eritrea and defending its sovereignty. the solidarity they demonstrated during his briefing on the significance of Martyrs Day to performances portraying the significance of mourning. the Eritrean people. Martyrs Day. Prime Minister Abiy stated in his letter that June 20 is also a day both Eritrea and Prime Minister Dr. Abiy also expressed Ethiopia embarked a new era of peace, readiness of his government to further which heralded promising prospects of consolidate the peace process underway cooperation to both peoples. Prime Minister and the ties of cooperation between the Abiy also wished peace and prosperity to two countries. The Eritrean delegation the Eritrean people, glory to the martyrs also participated in the tree seedlings as well as health and long life to President planting program that was conducted at the Isaias Afwerki. compound of the Prime Minister’s office.

Meanwhile, Eritrean senior delegation Indicating that the peace agreement composed of Foreign Minister Osman signed between the two countries attests to Saleh and Presidential Adviser Mr. Yemane the bold initiative the two leaders took, Mr. Gebreab delivered message of condolence Yemane Gebreab said that commendable from President Isaias Afwerki to Dr. Abiy progress has been achieved within one year Ahmed, Prime Minister of the Federal of the agreement.

Ministry of Marine Resources-Fisheries Eritrean Nakfa (ERN) 500.00 (five hundred Eritrean Nakfa or Resources Management Program equivalent in foreign currency starting from June 9, 2019. IFAD -- GRANT No. DSF-2000001700-ER 5. Bids must be delivered to the address below on or before Tuesday 9 July, 2019 at 10:15 a.m. Procurement of FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING 6. Electronic Bidding will not be permitted. Late Bids will be SOFTWARE+ rejected. National Competitive Bidding (NCB) 7. Bids will be opened in the presence of bidders or their representatives IFB No.: MMR/FReMP/G/NCB/0005/2019 who choose to attend in person at the address below at 10:15 a.m. on July 9, 2019. All bids must be accompanied by a bid security 1. The Government of the State of Eritrea has received grant mentioned in the bidding documents. from the International Fund for Agricultural Development 8. The address referred to above is: (IFAD) toward the cost of Fisheries Resources Management Program, and it intends to apply part of the proceeds of this The Ministry of Marine Resources-Fisheries Resources management grant to payments under the Contract for the procurement of Program Financial Accounting software+ ; IFB No.: MMR/FReMP/G/ Contact Person: Ms. Makda Mebrahtu NCB/0005/2019 Street Address: Hiday Street 748-1 Block and Floor: Dembe Sembel, Block “A”, 4th Floor, 2. MMR-FReMP now invites sealed bids from eligible and qualified RH bidders with renewed license for 2019 for the procurement of City: Asmara Financial Accounting Software+ P.O.Box 923 ZIP code: 748-1 3. Interested bidders may obtain further information from the MMR- Country: Eritrea FReMP and inspect the Bidding documents at the address given Telephone: 291-1-153958 below, from 7.00 – 3:00 p.m. local time, Monday through Friday. Facsimile number: 291-1-153961 4. A complete set of bidding documents in English may be purchased E-mail: [email protected] or fremp 2017 @ by interested bidders on the submission of a written application gmail to the address below and upon payment of a nonrefundable fee of Eritrea Profile, Saturday, June 22, 2019 Vol. 26 No. 33 8 Official Commemoration of Martyrs Day In Pictures