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Das Verhältnis Von Vuk Karadžić Und Jacob Grimm Anhand Ihrer Korrespondez Unter Besonderer Berücksichtigung Der Vorrede Der Kleinen Serbischen Grammatik

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Das Verhältnis Von Vuk Karadžić Und Jacob Grimm Anhand Ihrer Korrespondez Unter Besonderer Berücksichtigung Der Vorrede Der Kleinen Serbischen Grammatik Das Verhältnis von Vuk Karadžić und Jacob Grimm anhand ihrer Korrespondez unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Vorrede der Kleinen serbischen Grammatik Diplomarbeit zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades einer Magistra der Philosophie vorgelegt von PETRA PETROVIĆ am Institut für Slawistik Begutachter: Mag. Dr. phil. Arno Wonisch Graz, 2014 Eidesstattliche Erklärung Ich versichere hiermit an Eides Statt, dass ich die von mir eingereichte Diplomarbeit selbständig verfasst habe. Die aus fremden Quellen direkt oder indirekt benutzten Stellen sind namentlich gekennzeichnet. Ferner versichere ich, dass ich keine andere, außer der im Literaturverzeichnis angegebenen Literatur, verwendet habe. Die Arbeit wurde bisher weder in gleicher noch in ähnllicher Form keiner Prüfungsbehörde vorgelegt und auch noch nicht veröffentlicht. Die vorliegende Ausgabe entspricht der eingereichten elektronischen Version. Graz, am 30. Oktober 2014 ..................................................... Petra Petrović 2 Danksagung An dieser Stelle möchte ich mich bei allen Personen bedanken, die mich bei der Erstellung dieser Arbeit unterstützt haben. Ein besonderer Dank gilt Herrn Prof. Mag. Dr. phil. Arno Wonisch für die Betreuung meiner Diplomarbeit und dass er stets für mich ansprechbar war und mir die Freiheit gelassen hat, die Arbeit nach eigenen Vorstellungen zu entwickeln. Großer Dank gebührt auch meinen Eltern und meiner Schwester, die mich in allen Entscheidungen bedingungslos unterstützen und mir mein Studium, nicht zuletzt finanziell, ermöglicht haben. Herzlichen Dank auch an meine beste Freundin Romy für das kritische und konzentrierte Lesen meiner Diplomarbeit und all die motivierenden Worte in den letzen Monaten. 3 Inhaltsverzeichnis 0. Abstract ................................................................................................................. 6 1. Einleitung .............................................................................................................. 7 2. Biographien ........................................................................................................ 11 2.1 Vuk Stefanović Karadžić ...................................................................................... 11 2.1.1 Vuk Karadžić und die serbische Sprache ............................................................. 12 2.2 Jacob Ludwig Karl Grimm ................................................................................... 15 2.2.1 Jacob Grimm und die serbische Sprache .............................................................. 17 2.3 Jernej Kopitar ....................................................................................................... 19 3. Kopitar, Karadžić und Grimm – Zusammenarbeit und Verhältnis ............. 21 3.1 Zusammenarbeit von Jernej Kopitar und Vuk Stefanović Karadžić .................... 21 3.1.1 Kopitars Rezension über Karadžićs serbische Grammatik .................................. 24 3.1.2 Kopitars Anzeige über das serbische Volksliederbuch ........................................ 25 3.2 Zusammenarbeit von Jacob Grimm und Vuk Stefanović Karadžić ..................... 28 3.2.1 Grimms Besprechung von Karadžićs erster Volksliedersammlung (1815) ........ 28 3.2.2 Grimms Besprechung Karadžićs serbischen Wörterbuchs (1819) ...................... 30 3.2.3 Grimms Besprechung von Karadžićs Volksliedern Teil 3 (1823) ...................... 34 3.2.4 Grimms Besprechung von Karadžićs Volksliedern Teil 1 und Teil 2 (1824) ..... 38 3.2.5 Grimms Besprechung von Karadžićs Übersetzung der Kleinen serbischen Grammatik (1824) ............................................................................................... 40 3.2.6 Grimms Besprechung von Karadžićs Danica (1826) ......................................... 41 3.2.7 Grimms Besprechung von Taljvs und Wesselys Übersetzungen der Volkslieder (1826) .................................................................................................................. 45 3.2.8 Grimms Besprechung von Karadžićs Volksliedern Teil 4 (1834) ...................... 46 3.2.9 Die Vorrede von Jacob Grimm zur deutschen Übersetzung Karadžićs serbischer Volksmärchen (1853) ......................................................................................... 48 4. Vuk Karadžićs Kleine serbische Grammatik, verdeutscht und mit einer Vorrede von Jacob Grimm (1824) ................................................................... 51 4.1 Entstehung der Vorrede ........................................................................................ 51 4.2 Grimms Vorrede zu Karadžićs Kleiner serbischen Grammatik ........................... 58 5. Die Entstehung der serbischen Sprache in der Zeit der Romantik .............. 69 4 5.1 Die Epoche der Romantik .................................................................................... 69 5.1.1 Die Romantik im deutschsprachigen Raum ......................................................... 69 5.1.2 Die serbische Romantik ....................................................................................... 70 5.2 Nationsfindung ..................................................................................................... 73 5.2.1 Vuk Karadžić und die Nationsfindung Serbiens .................................................. 74 5.3 Das Wiener Abkommen ....................................................................................... 77 6. Schlussfolgerung ................................................................................................ 79 7. Zusammenfassungen ......................................................................................... 81 7.1 Zusammenfassung ................................................................................................ 81 7.2 Sažetak .................................................................................................................. 83 8. Quellenangabe .................................................................................................... 84 8.1 Literaturverzeichnis .............................................................................................. 84 8.2 Internetverzeichnis ............................................................................................... 86 9. Abbildungsverzeichnis ....................................................................................... 87 5 0. Abstract The objective of this work is to convey a compact picture of the relationships of the authors to one another and of their concerted working efforts. This is ascertained primarily though the use of the correspondence between Vuk Stefanović Karadžić and Jacob Ludwig Karl Grimm. The basis of this examination is provided by the collected letters of Vuk Karadžić and Jacob Grimm and of Jernej Kopitar, who played an important role in the working relationship between Karadžić and Grimm, as well as by the writer's biographies and their works. The correspondence was largely taken from the works Sabrana Dela Vuka Karadžiča. Prepiska II and Vasmers Bausteine zur Geschichte der deutsch-slavischen geistigen Beziehungen I and B. Kopitars correspondence with Jakob Grimm. A general insight into the lives of each of the writers is first given, followed by an examination of their cooperative work and their relationships to each other. The most extensive joint work of Grimm and Karadžić, namely Vuk Karadžićs Kleine serbische Grammatik, translated into German and with a preface from Jacob Grimm, is thereby given special attention. The origins of the preface, as well as the preface itself are dealt with. The romantic era in the German speaking world and romanticism in Serbia, as well as the development of the Serbian language during this era are also discussed. 6 1. Einleitung Die slawischen Sprachen können nach ihrer geographischen Lage eingeteilt werden, wobei das Serbische zu den südslawischen Sprachen zählt. Die serbische Sprache ist die offizielle Amstsprache im heutigen Serbien. Sie wird auch in anderen südslawischen Ländern, u.a. in Kroatien, Bosnien und Herzegowina, Montenegro oder Mazedonien, gesprochen, wobei diese Sprachen eng miteinander verwandt sind. Wie auch das Kroatische und Bosnische beruht das Serbische auf dem štokavischen Dialekt. Im Serbischen wird hauptsächlich die kyrillische Schrift verwendet, doch kann es auch mit lateinischen Buchstaben geschrieben werden. Das ist deswegen so, weil die orthodox beeinflussten Gebiete die kyrillische Schrift gewählt haben1. Vuk Stefanović Karadžić gilt als wichtigster Sprachreformer der serbischen Sprache. Er wurde im heutigen Serbien Ende des 18. Jahrhunderts geboren. Ihm gelang es zur Zeit der Romantik und der in Europa stattfindenden Nationsbildung (Anfang 19. Jahrhundert) eine einheitliche Schriftsprache, basierend auf der weitverbreitenden Volkssprache, zu schaffen. Hierfür sammelte er eine große Auswahl an Volks- und Heldenliedern, übersetzte das Neue Testament und verfasste u.a. eine serbische Grammatik. Er schrieb seine Werke fast ausschließlich in der serbischen Volkssprache. Das Verhältnis von Vuk Stefanović Karadžić zu Jacob Ludwig Karl Grimm bedarf einer näheren Betrachtung, da Grimm Karadžić bei der Erstellung der serbischen Grammatik wesentlich unterstützte und nicht zuletzt sogar die Vorrede schrieb. Grimm genoß zu dieser Zeit bereits einen höheren Bekanntheitsgrad, indem er als deutscher Sprachwissenschaftler sehr angesehen war. In dieser Arbeit wird der Fokus auf dem Briefverkehr zwischen den beiden Literaten und Wissenschaftlern Karadžić und Grimm sowie auf der
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